-^UIBRARYtf/r 


I 


;! 


IVERS/ 


3.       ^VOSANCFlfj-^ 

%   i  /Or* 
5   sfoCL 


MEMORIALS  OF  CAMBRIDGE 

GREATLY  ENLARGED  FROM  THE  WORK  OF  J.   LE  KEUX 
BY 

CHARLES     HENRY    COOPER,    F.S.A, 

WITH   STEEL  AND   COPPER  PLATES 

BY    LE    KEUX   AND    STOKER 
AND  ETCHINGS  ON  COPPER  BY  ROBERT  FARREN. 


Cjjrisfs 


10 


MACMILLAN    £   CO. 

1832 


STACK  ANNO 

L  P 
0  9 


THE     R  E  V  E  R  E  N  D 

WILLIAM   WHEWELL,   D.D., 

MASTER  OF  TRINITY  COLLEGE, 


is  (BY  PERMISSION) 
MOST  RESPECTFULLY  DEDICATED. 


As  respects  the  present  volume  it  is  my  pleasing 
duty  to  acknowledge  assistance  obligingly  rendered 
by  the  Rev.  the  Master  of  Christ's  college,  the 
Rev.  the  Master  of  S.  John's  college,  the  Rev. 
J.  E.  B.  Mayor,  M.A.,  fellow  of  that  society,  C.  C. 
Babington,  esq.,  M.A.,  professor  of  Botany,  the 
Hon.  and  Rev.  the  Master  of  Magdalen  college, 
the  late  Lord  Braybrooke,  the  Rev.  Mynors  Bright, 
M.A.,  fellow  of  Magdalen  college,  the  Rev.  Francis 
Martin,  M.A.,  fellow  of  Trinity  college,  the  Rev. 
John  Glover,  M.A.,  librarian  of  the  same  college, 
and  the  Rev.  John  Fuller,  B.D.,  fellow  and  tutor 
of  Emmanuel  college. 

Mr.  Mayor  has  also  been  so  good  as  to  allow  the 
publisher  the  use  of  some  excellent  wood  cuts. 

C.  H.  C. 

Cambridge,  June,  1861. 


CONTENTS  OF  VOL.  II. 


CHRIST'S  COLLEGE, 

(FOUNDED  1505). 


GOD'S  HOUSE 

THE  FOUNDRESS 

THE  FOUNDATION  . 

BENEFACTORS 

EMINENT  MEN 

THE  BUILDINGS 

THE  CHAPEL 

THE  LIBRARY 

THE  HALL 

THE  COMBINATION  ROOM 

THE  MASTER'S  LODGE 

THE  FELLOWS'  GARDEN 

FELLOWSHIPS  AND  SCHOLARSHIPS 

PLATE 

PATRONAGE 


PAGE 

2 
9 

24 
31 
35 
48 
«&. 
51 
52 
•ft. 
ib. 
ib. 
54 
55 
56 


CONTENTS. 


S.  JOHN'S  COLLEGE, 

(FOUNDED  1511). 


S.  JOHN'S  HOSPITAL 

THE  FOUNDRESS 

THE  FOUNDATION 

BENEFACTORS 

EMINENT  MEN 

BUILDINGS 

THE  CHAPEL 

THE  HALL 

THE  COMBINATION  ROOM 

THE  LIBRARY 

THE  MASTER'S  LODGE 

PLATE 

FELLOWSHIPS  AND  SCHOLARSHIPS 

PATRONAGE 


PAGE 

58 

66 

ib. 

91 
105 
137 
143 
149 

ib. 

ib, 
151 
153 

ib. 
155 


CONTENTS.  XI 


S.  MARY  MAGDALEN  COLLEGE, 

(FOUNDED  1542). 

PAGE 

THE  HOUSE  OF  BENEDICTINES           .              .  .              .157 

THE  FOUNDER               .               .               .               .  .162 

THE  FOUNDATION  .              .              .              .  .              .164 

BENEFACTORS                           •    .              .              .  .           169 

EMINENT  MEN       .               .                             .  .               .172 

THE  BUILDINGS             .              .              .              .  .179 

THE  CHAPEL         .              .              .              .  .              .180 

THE  HALL      .  182 

THE  COMBINATION  ROOM     .              .              .  .              .184 

THE  COLLEGE  LIBRARY               ...  ib. 

THE  PEPYSIAN  LIBRARY       .  .     ib. 

THE  MASTER'S  LODGE   .               .               .               .  .190 

MASTERSHIP,  FELLOWSHIPS,  AND  SCHOLARSHIPS  .              .     ib. 

PATRONAGE     .               .               .               •               •  .192 


Xll 


CONTENTS. 


TRINITY  COLLEGE, 

(FOUNDED  1546). 
KING'S  HALL         .... 

MlCHAELHOUSE 

THE  FOUNDER       .... 

THE  FOUNDATION 

BENEFACTORS         .... 

EMINENT  MEN         c    . 

BUILDINGS  .... 

THE  CHAPEL 

THE  HALL  .... 

THE  COMBINATION  ROOMS 

THE  LIBRARY        .... 

THE  MASTER'S  LODGE   . 

WALKS  AND  GARDENS 

MASTERSHIP,  FELLOWSHIPS,  AND  SCHOLARSHIPS 

PATRONAGE 


PAGE 

193 
212 
231 
235 
262 
279 
310 
316 
325 
328 
330 
336 
338 
339 
341 


CONTENTS. 


Xlll 


EMMANUEL  COLLEGE, 

(FOUNDED  1584). 


THE  HOUSE  OF  S.  DOMINIC 

THE  FOUNDER 

THE  FOUNDATION 

BENEFACTORS 

EMINENT  MEN 

THE  BUILDINGS 

THE  CHAPEL 

THE  HALL 

THE  COMBINATION  ROOM 

THE  LIBRARY 

THE  PICTURE  GALLERY 

THE  MASTER'S  LODGE  . 

PLATE     . 

FELLOWSHIPS  AND  SCHOLARSHIPS 

PATRONAGE 


PAOT; 

343 
347 
358 
360 
366 
381 
383 
386 
387 
t&. 
388 
390 
fi. 
392 


ETCHINGS  BY  R.  FARREN. 

PAGE 

1  CHRIST'S  COLLEGE  Gardens  .                ...            1 

2  S.  JOHN'S  COLLEGE,  view  from  Fisher's  Lane  .                .                137 

3  MAGDALEN  COLLEGE,  part  of  the  Hall  and  Chapel  .                .        157 

4  TRINIIY  COLLEGE,  Bridge  and  part  of  Avenue           .  frontispiece 

STEEL  AND  COPPER  ENGRAVINGS  BY  LE  KEUX  AND  STORER. 

6  CHKIST'S  COLLEGE                                  .                ...            9 

6  The  First  Court      .  .                 .                 .                 .                   17 

7  The  Second  Court         .  .                .                ,                .32 

8  S.  JOHN'S  COLLEGE,  Entrance  Gateway,  1850  .                .                  65 

9  New  Buildings  .                 .                 .                 .                 .72 

10  New  Buildings,  N.W.  view  ...                  80 

11  Cloisters          .  .                 .                 .                 .                 .88 

12  The  Second  Court,  East  side  ...                  92 

13  Second  Court,  West  side  .                 .                 .                 .96 

14  The  New  Bridge    .....  113 

15  From  the  Grounds          .  .                 .                 .                 .121 

16  Part  of  the  New  Buildings  within  the  Cloisters  .                128 

17  The  (Old)  Chapel          .  .                .                .                .144 

18  From  the  Old  Bridge  ....                148 

19  MAGDALEN  COLLEGE,  from  the  Street  .                .                .         168 

20  From  the  Close       .  .                .                .                .                176 

21  The  Chapel     .  .                 .                 .                 .                 .180 

22  The  Pepysian  Library  ....                184 

23  TRINITY  COLLEGE,  view  from  S.  John's  Old  Bridge          .  .        200 

24  The  Second  Court,  shewing  the  Hall  .                 .                 208 

25  Cloisters  and  Library  .                 .                 .                 .216 

26  The  Great  Court,  shewing  the  Chapel  .                .                232 

27  King's  Court,  from  the  Walk       ....        240 

28  New  Court  .....                 248 

29  View  from  the  S.E.  angle  of  the  Cloisters  .                .        256 

30  Interior  of  the  Hall  ....                264 

31  The  Library,  Interior  ....         272 

32  King's  Court           .....  288 

33  Library,  Exterior  .....        296 

34  Great  Court,  shewing  the  Hall,  &c.      .  .                .                304 

35  Entrance  Gateway        .  .                .                .                .312 

36  Chapel,  view  of  Organ  .                 .                 .                 .                 316 

37  Statue  of  Sir  Isaac  Newton  in  the  Ante-Chapel        .  .        320 

38  EMMANUEL  COLLEGE,  from  the  Street,  left-hand  view  .                352 

39  New  Buildings  .....         369 

40  Shewing  the  Chapel,  &c.       .  .                .                .                377 

41  View  from  Clare  Hall  Piece  .                ,                .                .393 


iv  ILLUSTRATIONS. 

OTHER  ILLUSTRATIONS. 

PAGE 

42  TRINITY  COLLEGE,  Byron's  Statue  in  the  Library     . 

43  EMMANUEL  COLLEGE,  Founder's  Cup                  .                .  .        390 

WOOD   ENGRAVINGS. 

1  CHRIST'S  COLLEGE,  Milton's  Mulberry  Tree                .                .  1 

2  The  Bath  in  Garden      .                .                .                .  .53 

3  S.  JOHN'S  COLLEGE,  the  Old  Bridge            ...  57 

4  The  Founders'  Arms     .                 .                 .                 .  .66 

5  The  College  Arms                  ....  ib. 

6  Old  Gateway  between  S.  John's  and  Trinity             .  .          90 

7  Interior  of  the  Gateway,  Fourth  Court                 .                 .  1 37 

8  Approach  to  the  Bridge  leading  to  the  Fourth  Court  .         141 

9  Interior  of  the  Covered  Bridge              .                 .                 .  142 

10  Monument  of  Hugh  Ashton          ....         144 

11  MAGDALEN  COLLEGE,  Part  of  the  First  Court             .                .  157 

12  South  End  of  the  Hall                    .                 .                .  .182 

13  TRINITY  COLLEGE,  the  Bridge      .                .                .                .  193 

14  Statue  of  Edward  III.  on  North  Tower  of  the  Great  Court  .         1 95 

15  Statue  of  Henry  VI II.  on  the  Grand  Entrance  Tower       .  232 

16  The  Bishop's  Hostel      .                .                .                .  .250 

17  Gateway  to  the  New  Court,  leading  to  the  Walks              .  260 

18  Plan  of  the  College  Westward  of  Trinity  Street        .  .311 

19  Hall  and  Combination  Rooms  (from  Loggan)      .                .  326 

20  Piazza  under  Library    .                .                .                .  .330 

21  EMMANUEL  COLLEGE,  Old  Front  (from  Loggan)        .               .  343 

22  Front               .                 .                 .                 .                 .  .381 

23  The  Cloister  385 


MILTON  S    MrLTiERRY-TltEE. 


CHRIST'S  COLLEGE. 

THIS  college  occupies  the  site,  possesses  the 
rights,  and  is  endowed  with  the  revenues  of  an 
older  academical  foundation, (a)  called  God's  house, 
of  which  we  proceed  to  give  some  account. 

(a)  Although  we  have  thought  it  advisable  to  place  the  colleges  in 
the  order  which  has  so  long  been  observed,  yet  we  are  by  no  means 
satisfied  that  that  order  is  strictly  accurate.  We  incline  to  think,  that 
Trinity  college  (as  succeeding  to  the  site  and  estates  of  Michaelhouse) 

VOL.  II.  B 


CHRIST'S  COLLEGE. 

GOD'S  HOUSE.  —  In  or  about  1439,  William 
Byngham,  rector  of  S.  John  Zachary  in  London, 
presented  the  following  curious  petition  to  king 
Henry  VI : 

Unto  the  Kyng  our  Soverain  Lord. 

Besecheth  ful  mekely  your  poure  preest  and  continuell 
bedeman  William  Byngham,  person  of  Seint  John  Zacharie 
of  London,  unto  your  Soverain  Grace  to  be  remembred  how 
that  he  hath  diverse  tymes  sued  unto  your  Highnesse  shewyng 
and  de[cla]ryng  by  bille  how  gretely  the  clergie  of  this  youre 
reaume,  by  the  which  all  wysdom,  konnyng,  and  governaunce 
standeth,  is  like  to  be  empeired  and  febled,  by  the  defaute 
and  lak  of  scolemaistres  of  gramer,  in  so  moche  that  as  your 
seyd  poure  besecher  hath  founde  of  late  over  the  est  partie  of 
the  wey  ledyng  from  Hampton  to  Coventre  and  so  forth  no 
ferther  north  than  Rypon  Ixx.  scoles  voide  or  mo  that  weren 
occupied  all  at  ones  w*in  1.  yeres  passed,  bicause  that  there  is 
so  grete  scarstee  of  maistres  of  gramar,  whereof  as  now  ben 
almost  non,  nor  none  mawen  be  hade  in  your  Universitees  over 
those  that  nedes  most  ben  occupied  still  there:  Wherefore 
please  it  unto  your  most  Soverain  Highnesse  and  plentevous 
grace  to  considre  how  that  for  all  liberall  sciences  used  in  your 
seid  Universitees  certein  lyflode  is  ordeyned  and  endued,  savyng 
onely  for  gramer,  the  which  is  rote  and  grounde  of  all  the 
seid  other  sciences,  and  thereupon  graciously  to  graunte  licence 
to  your  forseid  besecher  that  he  may  yeve  w'outen  fyn  or 

should  be  placed  between  S.  Peter's  college  and  Clare  college ;  that  Mag- 
dalen college  (as  succeeding  to  the  site  and  corporate  rights  of  Buckingham 
college)  should  be  placed  between  Corpus  Christi  and  King's  colleges  ; 
and  that  Christ's  college  (as  occupying  the  site  and  possessing  the  revenues 
of  God's  house)  should  be  placed  between  Magdalen  and  King's  colleges. 
It  may  even  be  urged,  that  S.  John's  college  is  of  superior  antiquity  to 
any  other,  as  the  hospital  of  S.  John  on  the  site  of  which  it  stands,  and 
with  the  revenues  whereof  it  is  endowed,  although  a  religious  house  was 
also  a  house  of  learning,  its  members  being  entitled  to  academic  degrees. 
As  regards  Emmanuel  and  Sidney  colleges,  which  occupy  the  sites  of 
friaries,  the  case  is  different,  for  a  considerable  interval  occurred  between 
the  suppression  of  the  friaries  and  the  foundation  of  those  colleges. 


CHRIST'S  COLLEGE.  3 

fee mansion  y-called  Goddeshous,  the  which  he  hath  made 

and  edified  in  your  towne  of  Cambrigge  for  the  free  herbigage 
of  poure  scolers  of  gramer,  and  also  that  he  and  whatsomevere 
other  persone  or  persones  to  that  wele  willed  and  disposed 
mowen  yeve  also  w^outen  fyn  and  fee,  lyflode,  as  londes,  tene- 
mentes,  rentes,  and  services  such  as  is  not  holden  of  you 
immediately  by  knyght  service,  or  advousons  of  churches, 
though  thei  ben  holde  of  you,  or  of  ony  other  by  knyght  service, 
to  the  value  of  1.  li.  by  yere,  or  elles  to  suche  yerely  value 
as  may  please  unto  your  gode  grace,  unto  the  maister  and 
scolers  of  Clare  Hall  in  your  Universitee  of  Cambrigge  and 
to  their  successours,  and  also  to  graunte  licence  to  the  same 
maister  and  scolers  and  their  successours  for  to  resceyve  w^uten 
fyn  and  fee  the  same  mansion,  and  the  seid  other  londes, 
tenementes,  rentes,  and  services,  and  advousons,  to  the  seid 
value,  after  the  forme  of  a  cedule  to  this  bille  annexed,  to  yntent 
that  the  seid  maister  and  scolers  mowe  fynde  perpetually  in 
the  forseid  mansion  y-called  Goddeshous  xxiiii.  scolers  for  to 
comense  in  gramer,  and  a  preest  to  governe  them,  for  refor- 
macon  of  the  seid  defaute,  for  the  love  of  God  and  in  the  wey 
of  charitee. 

By  letters  patent  dated  13  July,  17  Henry  VI. 
[1439]  the  king  gave  licence  to  Byngham  to  grant 
to  the  master  and  scholars  of  Clare  hall,  a  certain 
mansion  near  that  hall  called  Godeshous,  for  a  master 
being  a  priest  and  twenty-four  scholars  in  grammar. 
He  also  empowered  Byngham  or  any  other  person 
or  persons,  to  grant  to  the  master  and  scholars  of 
Clare  hall,  other  lands,  tenements,  rents  and  services, 
and  advowsons  of  churches  to  the  value  of  £50. 
a-year  for  the  support  of  the  said  mansion,  and  the 
said  grammar  scholars  and  their  master. 

The  preceding  letters  patent  having  been  de- 
livered up  by  Byngham  to  be  cancelled,  the  king 
by  other  letters  patent,  dated  9th  February  in  the 

B2 


4  CHRIST'S  COLLEGE. 

20th  year  of  his  reign  [1441-2],  gave  licence  to 
William  Byngham  and  to  William  Wymbill,  William 
Millyngton  and  William  Guile,  doctors  in  divinity, 
and  John  Tylney,  doctor  in  decrees,  and  the  master 
and  fellows  of  Clare  hall,  that  they  and  their  heirs, 
or  any  other  person  or  persons  by  Byngham  to  be 
named  and  assigned,  might  in  a  certain  tene- 
ment with  three  gardens  adjacent,  commonly  called 
Godeshous,  found,  erect,  and  establish  a  college  of 
one  priest  and  scholars  in  the  science  of  grammar, 
to  the  number  of  twenty-five  persons  or  more,  who 
were  thereby  incorporated  as  the  proctor  and  scho- 
lars of  Godeshous,  and  were  to  be  governed  by 
ordinances,  rules,  and  statutes,  to  be  framed  by 
Byngham,  and  by  Doctors  Wymbill,  Millyngton, 
Oulle,  and  Tylney.  The  college  was  also  em- 
powered to  hold  lands  and  possessions  to  the  value 
of  £50  per  annum.  By  other  letters  patent,  dated 
1st  March  following,  the  king  granted  to  Byng- 
ham, and  to  Drs.  Wymbill,  Millyngton,  Guile,  and 
Tylney,  the  reversion  of  certain  pensions,  payable 
from  alien  priories,  in  order  that  the  same  might 
be  granted  by  them  to  the  proctor  and  scholars 
of  Godeshous  when  it  should  be  established. 

Henry  VI.  by  other  letters  patent,  dated  26th 
August,  in  the  24th  year  of  his  reign  [1446],  after 
reciting  the  above  grants,  and  that  the  said  William 
Byngham  had  delivered  up  the  messuage  and 
gardens  therein  mentioned  for  the  enlargement  of 
King's  college, (a)  and  proposed  to  build  another 

(a)  Mr.  Cole  had  a  notion  that  the  original  God's  house  was  on  the 
eastern  side  of  Trumpington  street.     This  we  think  highly  improbable. 


CHRIST'S  COLLEGE.  o 

mansion  for  such  scholars  of  and  in  two  cottages 
or  one  tenement  (which  formerly  was  of  the  abbat 
of  Tyltey),  and  in  one  other  tenement  (situate  con- 
tiguous thereto,  which  was  formerly  of  the  abbess 
of  Denny)  with  the  gardens  to  the  same  adjoining 
(as  they  were  then  situate  together  in  the  Preacher 
street,  without  Barnwell  gate,  in  the  parish  of  S. 
Andrew  of  Cambridge,  between  a  certain  mansion 
which  John  Fysshwyk,  formerly  bedel  of  the  uni- 
versity, inhabited  and  held  on  the  south  part,  and 
the  public  street,  called  Preacher  street  on  the  west 
part,  and  the  tenement  of  Richard  Pechley  there, 
which  William  Fysher,  burgess  of  Cambridge,  in- 
habited and  held  on  the  north  part,  and  the  lands 
of  the  prioress  of  S.  Rhadegund,  of  Cambridge,  on 
the  east  part,  which  cottages  or  tenements  con- 
tained in  length  next  the  common  way  aforesaid, 
19  rods  and  more,  and  the  other  tenement  which 
was  of  the  abbess  of  Denny,  contained  in  breadth 
next  the  way  aforesaid  11  rods,  and  in  length  from 
the  aforesaid  way  called  Preacher  street,  towards 
the  lands  of  the  prioress  of  S.  Rhadegund  aforesaid, 
between  the  west  and  east,  101  rods)  gave  licence 
to  William  Byngham,  William  Lychfeld,  William 
Millyngton,  William  Guile,  Gilbert  Worthington, 
John  Cote,  doctors  in  divinity,  John  Tylney,  doctor 
in  decrees,  and  John  Horley,  B.D.,  that  they  and 
any  other  or  others  by  Byngham  assigned,  might 
make,  erect,  and  found,  for  all  time  to  endure,  on 
the  aforesaid  two  cottages  or  tenements  formerly  of 
the  abbat  of  Tyltey,  and  tenement  formerly  of  the 
abbess  of  Denny,  with  the  gardens  to  the  same 


6  CHRIST'S  COLLEGE. 

adjoining,  or  in  any  part  or  parts  of  such  cottages, 
tenements,  or  gardens,  one  perpetual  college  of  one 
proctor  and  scholars,  to  be  instructed,  not  only  in 
the  faculty  of  grammar,  but  also  in  the  knowledge 
of  any  other  liberal  faculties,  according  to  the  ordi- 
nances and  statutes  of  the  said  William  Byngham 
and  the  others  therein  named  to  be  made  in  that 
behalf. 

By  the  same  letters  patent  the  proctor  and 
scholars  were  empowered  to  acquire  and  hold  lands 
and  tenements  of  the  annual  value  of  £100,  also 
the  advowson  of  the  church  of  Helpston,  in  the 
county  of  Northampton,  in  aid  of  their  sustenance 
and  exhibition. 

Various  apports  or  annual  pensions  which  had 
been  paid  by  alien  priories  to  their  superior  houses 
beyond  the  seas,  and  the  priories  of  Carsewel  in 
North  Wales,  and  of  Chepstow  and  the  priory  of 
Ikham  in  the  counties  of  Lincoln  and  Oxford  with 
their  possessions,  were  also  by  these  letters  patent 
granted  by  the  king  to  Byngham  and  doctors 
Millyngton,  Guile,  and  Tylney,  for  the  use  of  the 
proctor  and  scholars,  and  ample  powers  were 
given  to  change  these  estates  for  others  nearer  • 
Cambridge,  should  such  a  course  be  deemed  ex- 
pedient. 

By  a  charter  of  Henry  VI.,  dated  16th  April,  in 
the  26th  year  of  his  reign  [1448],  the  preceding  grants 
to  the  college  were  confirmed  and  amplified.  From 
this  charter  it  appears  that  John  Lyncoln,  literate, 
and  John  Pycard,  Robert  Mylton,  and  Richard 
Corlus,  priests,  had  been  admitted  scholars  of  the 


CHRIST'S  COLLEGE.  7 

college.  The  power  of  making  statutes  was  granted 
to  Byngham,  William  Lychfeld,  William  Millyng- 
ton,  William  Guile,  John  Holland,  doctors  in  di- 
vinity, John  Hurte  and  Eobert  Stolise,  bachelors 
in  divinity,  and  such  others  as  Byngham  should 
nominate  and  assign.  The  number  of  scholars 
was  to  be  sixty  or  upwards.  It  would  appear  not 
to  have  been  finally  determined  at  this  period 
whether  the  college  should  be  established  in  S. 
Andrew's  parish,  or  on  the  site  of  other  premises 
purchased  by  Byngham.  These  premises  are  thus 
described :  a  messuage  with  the  appurtenances  in 
the  parish  of  the  Holy  Trinity,  opposite  the  aque- 
duct of  the  friar's  minors ;  a  tenement  lying  at  the 
south  end  of  the  garden  of  Peterhouse,  abutting  on 
Trumpington  street  at  the  east  head,  and  upon  the 
common  pasture  of  Cambridge.  This  tenement  had 
belonged  to  the  prior  and  convent  of  the  white 
canons  of  the  order  of  S.  Gilbert  of  Sempringham. 

Henry  VI.,  by  letters  patent  dated  3rd  Septem- 
ber, in  the  26th  year  of  his  reign  [1447],  granted 
to  the  proctor  and  scholars  the  advowson  of  Fen- 
drayton  in  Cambridgeshire. 

The  same  monarch  by  letters  patent  dated  26th 
January,  in  the  27th  year  of  his  reign  [1448-9], 
granted  to  the  proctor  and  scholars  the  advowson 
of  the  church  of  Nanby,  in  the  county  of  Lincoln, 
and  the  hospital  or  free  chapel  of  S.  James  of 
Thurlow  in  Suffolk. 

Byngham  having  assumed  the  office  of  proctor 
of  the  college ;  by  deed  dated  10th  February,  27 
Hen.  VI.  [1448-9],  released  the  estates  of  the  college 


8  CHRIST'S  COLLEGE. 

to  doctors  Millyngton,  Guile,  and  Tylney,  who  by 
another  deed  dated  23rd  June,  27  Hen.  VI.  [1449], 
conveyed  the  same  to  Byngham  as  proctor,  and  the 
scholars  and  their  successors  for  ever. 

By  a  deed  dated  1st  November,  33  Hen.  VI. 
[1454],  Richard  duke  of  York,  John  viscount  Bella- 
mont,  and  John  Fray,  chief  baron  of  the  exchequer, 
by  virtue  of  the  king's  licence  granted  to  John 
Hurte,  proctor,  and  the  scholars  of  the  college  for 
ever,  an  acre  of  land  in  Helpston  in  Northampton- 
shire, with  the  advowson  of  the  church  there. 

Former  grants  to  the  college  having  been  de- 
clared void  by  an  act  of  resumption,  Henry  VI. 
made  a  new  grant  by  letters  patent  dated  25th 
July,  in  the  36th  year  of  his  reign  [1458]. 

Edward  IV.,  by  letters  patent  dated  4th  Novem- 
ber, in  the  second  year  of  his  reign  [1462],  con- 
firmed the  previous  grants  to  the  college.  This 
proving  insufficient,  another  charter  of  confirmation 
was  granted  by  that  monarch  on  the  6th  December, 
in  the  8th  year  of  his  reign  [1468]. 

On  the  20th  of  November,  1488,  John  Alcock, 
bishop  of  Ely,  granted  an  indulgence  of  forty  days 
to  the  supporters  and  repairers  of  God's  house. 

We  subjoin  a  list  of  the  proctors  or  masters : — 

William  Byngham,  the  founder. 

1454,  John  Hurte,  B.D. 

1462,  William  Fallan. 

1465,  William  Bassett,  M.A.,  vicar  of  Helpston. 

1480,  Kalph  Barton. 

1495,  John  Sycling,  M.A.,  fellow  of  Corpus  Christi  college. 

The    last   of   these    became   the   first   master   of 
Christ's  college. 


CHRIST'S  COLLEGE.  9 

THE  FOUNDRESS. — Margaret  Beaufort  was  born  at 
Bletsoe  in  Bedfordshire,  31st  May,  1443.  Her 
father  John  Beaufort,  first  duke  of  Somerset,  E.G., 
and  lieutenant-general  of  France,  Acquitaine  and 
Normandy,  was  of  royal  descent,  being  grandson 
of  John  of  Gaunt,  duke  of  Lancaster,  titular  king 
of  Castile  and  Leon,  the  fourth  son  of  Edward  III. 
John  of  Gaunt  by  Catharine  Swinford,  who  ulti- 
mately became  his  third  wife,  had  several  natural 
children,  who  were  called  Beaufort  from  their 
having  been  born  at  the  duke's  castle  of  Beaufort 
in  France.  These  children  were  in  1397  legiti- 
mated by  an  act  of  parliament  which  contained 
nothing  to  restrict  their  claim  to  the  throne,  al- 
though an  exception  of  the  royal  dignity  was 
afterwards  surreptitiously  introduced  into  Henry 
the  Fourth's  confirmation  of  the  act  of  legitimation. 
Her  mother  Margaret  Beauchamp  was  the  daughter 
of  Sir  John  Beauchamp  of  Bletsoe,  knight,  and 
widow  of  Sir  Oliver  Saint  John,  knight.  The  duke 
of  Somerset  died  27th  May,  1444,  and  Margaret 
his  only  daughter  succeeded  to  such  of  his  estates 
as  were  not  held  in  tail  male,  or  settled  on  her 
mother. 

Four  days  after  the  duke  of  Somerset's  death 
she  was  committed  to  the  wardship  of  William  do 
la  Pole,  earl  and  afterwards  duke  of  Suffolk.  Her 
education  appears  to  have  been  carefully  -attended 
to.  Bishop  Fisher  says  : 

She  was  good  in  remembraunce,  and  of  holdyng  memorye ; 
a  redyc  wytte  she  had  also  to  conceive  all  thyngs,  albeit  they 


10  CHEIST'S  COLLEGE. 

were  ryghte  derke.  Right  studious  she  was  in  Bokes,  which 
she  had  in  grete  number,  both  in  Englysh  and  in  Frensbe ; 
and  for  her  exercise,  and  for  the  profyte  of  other,  she  did 
translate  divers  maters  of  Devocyon  out  of  Frensh  into  Englysh. 
Full  often  she  complayned  that  in  her  youthe  she  had  not 
given  her  to  the  understanding  of  Latin,  wherein  she  had  a 
lytell  perceyvyng ;  specyally  of  the  Kubryshe  of  the  Ordynall 
for  the  saying  of  her  Servyce,  which  she  did  well  understand. 

Of  her  skill  in  needlework  a  specimen  remained  at 
Bletsoe  as  late  as  the  time  of  James  I.,  and  that 
monarch  constantly  called  for  it  when  passing 
through  that  place  in  his  progresses. 

According  to  a  custom  very  prevalent  at  that  period 
she  was  married  at  an  extremely  early  age.  Bishop 
Fisher  relates  the  following  extraordinary  incident : 

In  her  tender  Age,  she  being  endued  with  so  grete  to- 
wardness  of  Nature  and  lykelyhode  of  Enherytance,  many 
sued  to  have  had  her  to  maryage.  The  Duke  of  Suthfolk, 
which  then  was  a  Man  of  grete  experyence,  moost  dylygently 
procured  to  have  had  her  for  his  Son  and  Heyre.  Of  the 
contrary  part,  Kyng  Henry  the  Sixth  did  make  meanes  for 
Edmunde  his  Brother,  then  the  Erie  of  Rychemonde.  She 
which  as  then  was  not  fully  nine  years  old,  doubtfull  in  her 
mynde  what  she  were  best  to  do,  asked  counsayle  of  an  old 
Gentlewoman  whom  she  moche  loved  and  trusted,  which  dyde 
advyse  her  to  commend  her  self  to  St  Nicholas  the  Patron 
and  helper  of  all  true  maydens,  and  to  beseche  him  to  put  in 
her  mynde  what  she  were  best  to  do.  This  counsayle  she 
follow'd,  and  made  her  Prayer  so,  full  often;  but  specyally 
that  nyghte  when  she  sholde  the  morrowe  after  make  answere 
of  her  mynde  determynately.  A  mervaylous  thyng !  that  same 
nyght,  as  I  have  herde  her  tell  many  a  tyme,  as  she  lay  in 
Prayer,  calling  upon  St  Nycholas,  whether  slepynge  or  wake- 
ynge  she  could  not  assure,  but  about  four  of  the  clocke  in  the 
mornynge,  one  appered  unto  her  arrayed  like  a  Byshop,  and 


CHRIST'S  COLLEGE.  11 

naming  unto  her  Edmonde,  bad  take  hyme  unto  her  Hus- 
bande.  And  so  by  this  meane  she  did  enclyne  her  mynde  unto 
Edmonde  the  Kyng's  Broder,  and  Erie  of  Rychemonde. 

There  is  good  evidence,  however,  that  the  duke  of 
Suffolk  did  marry  her  to  his  son  John  de  la  Pole, 
but  on  the  duke's  attainder  that  marriage  was 
regarded  as  a  nullity,  and  she  soon  afterwards 
became  the  wife  of  Edmund  de  Hadham,  earl  of 
Richmond,  the  half-brother  of  Henry  VI.(a)  He 
died  3rd  November,  1456.  After  his  death  she 
resided  at  Pembroke  castle,  the  property  of  her 
husband's  brother,  Jasper  de  Hatfield,  earl  of  Pem- 
broke. Here,  on  28th  January,  1456-7,  she  gave  birth 
to  a  posthumous  son,  baptised  Henry,  and  who  ulti- 
mately succeeded  to  the  crown  as  king  Henry  VII. 

In  or  before  1459  the  countess  of  Richmond 
married  her  second  cousin  lord  Henry  Stafford,  a 
younger  son  of  Humphrey  Stafford,  first  duke  of 
Buckingham.  He  died  in  or  about  1482,  and  soon 
afterwards  she  married  her  third  cousin  Thomas 
lord  Stanley,  steward  of  the  king's  household  and  a 
widower  with  a  large  family. 

The  countess  of  Richmond  took  a  prominent  part 
in  the  transactions  which  resulted  in  the  dethronement 
of  Richard  III.,  the  accession  of  her  son  as  Henry  VII., 
and  his  marriage  to  Elizabeth  of  York.  Richard  III., 
incensed  at  her  hostility,  procured  an  act  of  parlia- 

(a)  The  earl  of  Richmond  was  eldest  son  of  Owen  ap  Meredith  ap 
Tudor,  a  welsh  gentleman  of  princely  descent  by  Catharine  of  Valois,  the 
widow  of  Henry  V.  He  was  called  of  Hadham,  from  being  born  at  Had- 
ham in  Hertfordshire.  In  31  Hen.  VI.  he  was  created  earl  of  Richmond, 
and  had  grants  of  the  great  honor  of  Richmond,  the  lordships  of  Kendal 
and  Weresdale,  and  the  castle  and  manor  of  Hadley  in  Essex. 


12  CHRIST'S  COLLEGE. 

ment  vesting  all  the  countess'  estates  in  her  husband 
for  life,  with  remainder  to  the  crown.  Lord  Stanley 
deserted  Richard  on  the  eve  of  the  battle  of  Bosworth 
Field,  and  was  created  earl  of  Derby  by  Henry  VII. 
In  his  first  parliament  the  act  against  the  countess 
which  had  passed  in  the  reign  of  Richard,  was  re- 
pealed, and  she  was  expressly  invested  with  all  the 
privileges  of  a  feme  sole. 

She  had  now  an  establishment  suitable  to  her 
exalted  rank  as  the  mother  of  the  sovereign,  and 
we  find  mention  of  her  chancellor,  her  chamberlain, 
the  comptroller  of  her  household,  her  poet,  and  her 
band  of  minstrels.  Colyweston  in  Northamptonshire 
was  her  principal  residence.  She  completed  a  goodly, 
fair,  and  stately  house  at  that  place,  the  erection  of 
which  had  been  commenced  by  lord  Cromwell. 
Here  she  was  on  several  occasions  visited  by  the 
king  her  son. 

Henry  VII.  granted  to  his  mother  considerable 
estates  in  various  parts  of  England.  Some  of  these 
had  belonged  to  her  father. 

In  1497  she  established  divinity  professorships 
in  the  universities  of  Oxford  and  Cambridge,  but 
it  was  not  till  1503  that  they  were  regularly 
endowed. 

At  the  beginning  of  the  sixteenth  century  there 
were  serious  disputes  between  the  university  and 
town  of  Cambridge,  occasioned  by  conflicting  claims 
to  jurisdiction,  and  aggravated  by  mutual  complaints 
of  extortion  and  oppression  of  various  kinds.  To 
put  an  end  to  these  perplexing  and  pernicious  con- 
troversies, the  two  bodies  had  recourse  to  the 


CHRIST'S  COLLEGE.  13 

countess,  whom  they  besought  to  cause  the  titles 
of  either  party  to  be  examined,  and  the  differences 
between  them  determined  according  to  justice  and 
good  conscience.  Whereupon  she  required  them  to 
name  arbitrators.  They  agreed  in  selecting  sir 
Thomas  Frowick,  knight,  king's  serjeant,  soon  after- 
wards chief  justice  of  the  common  pleas,  John 
Fisher,  a  justice  of  that  court,  and  Humphrey 
Coningsby,  king's  serjeant.  The  case  was  heard 
partly  in  the  presence  of  the  countess  and  partly 
at  London  and  elsewhere,  and  at  length,  on  the 
llth  July,  1502,  the  arbitrators  made  an  award, 
to  which  the  countess  affixed  her  seal.  The  award 
was  embodied  in  an  indenture  of  composition  dated 
12th  May,  1503,  whereby  it  was  provided  that  all 
future  disputes  between  the  two  bodies  and  the 
solution  of  all  ambiguities  should,  during  the  coun- 
tess' life,  be  referred  to  the  determination  of  her 
and  such  other  persons  as  she  should  nominate. 

The  earl  of  Derby  died  29th  July,  1504.  On 
the  30th  of  October  following  the  countess  founded 
a  preachership  in  this  university.  The  king's  licence 
for  this  foundation  is  dated  7th  February,  1503-4. 

After  the  earl  of  Derby's  death  the  countess 
made  the  following  singular  vow  to  bishop  Fisher 
her  confessor,  in  renewal  of  one  previously  made 
to  bishop  Fitzjamys  in  the  lifetime  of  the  earl. 

In  the  presence  of  my  Lord  God  Jesu  Christ  &  his  blessed 
Mother  the  glorious  Virgin  St  Mary  &  of  all  the  whole  com- 
pany of  Heaven  &  of  you  also  my  Ghostly  Father  I  Margaret 
of  Richmond  with  full  Purpose  &  good  Deliberation  for  the 
Weale  of  my  sinfull  Soule  with  all  my  Hearte  promise  from 


14  CHRIST'S  COLLEGE. 

henceforth  the  Chastity  of  my  Bodye.  That  is  never  to  use 
my  Bodye  having  actuall  knowledge  of  manne  after  the  com- 
mon usuage  in  Matrimonye  the  which  Thing  I  had  before 
purposed  in  my  Lord  my  Husbands  Dayes  then  being  my 
Ghostly  father  the  Byshop  of  Rochester  Mr  Richard  Fitz  James 
&  now  eftsence  I  fully  confirm  it  as  far  as  in  me  lyeth  beseech- 
ing my  Lord  God  That  He  will  this  my  poor  wyll  accept  to 
the  Remedye  of  my  wretched  Lyfe  &  Relief  of  my  sinfull 
soule  and  that  He  will  give  me  his  Grace  to  perform  the  same. 
And  also  for  my  more  Meryte  &  quietness  of  my  Soule  in 
doubtful  things  perteyning  to  the  same  I  avowe  to  you  my 
Lord  of  Rochester  to  whom  I  am  &  have  been  sence  the  first 
time  I  see  you  admitted  verely  determined  (as  to  my  chiefe 
trusty  Councellour)  to  owe  my  Obedience  in  all  things  con- 
cerning the  weale  and  profyte  of  my  Soule. 

In  1505  she  obtained  the  royal  licence  for  con- 
verting God's  house  into  Christ's  college. 

In  1508  the  countess  took  steps  for  converting 
the  ancient  hospital  of  S.  John  the  evangelist  in 
Cambridge  into  an  academical  college. 

Henry  VII.  died  21st  April,  1509,  having  by 
his  will  appointed  his  mother  one  of  his  executors. 
A  few  days  after  the  coronation  of  her  grandson 
Henry  VIII.,  namely,  on  29th  June,  1509,  she 
died  at  Woking  in  Surrey. 

She  was  buried  in  Westminster  abbey.  In  the 
south  aisle  of  Henry  the  Seventh's  chapel  is  an  altar 
monument  of  black  marble  and  touchstone,  each  side 
being  divided  by  pilasters  into  three  compartments. 
At  the  ends  and  sides  are  eight  escocheons  within 
chaplets  of  laurel,  surrounded  by  roses.  On  the  top 
is  the  recumbent  effigy  of  the  countess  wearing  her 
coronet  and  robes  of  state,  her  head  resting  on 
cushions  beneath  a  gothic  canopy,  and  her  feet  sup- 


CHRIST'S  COLLEGE.  15 

ported  by  a  fawn.  The  effigy,  escocheons,  chaplets, 
roses,  &c.,  are  of  copper,  and  the  effigy  is  gilt. 
The  artist  employed  was  Pietro  Torrigiano. 

On  the  ledge  of  the  tomb  is  the  following  in- 
scription composed  by  Erasmus : — 

MAEGARETAE.  RICHEMONDIAE.  SEPTIMI.  HENRICI.  MATRI. 
OCTAVI.  AVIAE.  QYAE.  STIPENDIA.  CONSTITVIT.  TRIE.  HOC. 
COENOBIO.  MONACHIS.  ET.  DOCTORI.  GRAMMATICES.  APVD. 
WYMBORN.  PERQ:  ANGLIAM.  TOTAM.  DIVINI.  VERBI.  PRAE- 
CONI.  DVOB.  ITEM.  INTERPRAETIB :  LTTTERAR :  SACRAR :  ALTERI. 
OXONIIS.  ALTERI.  CANTABRIGIAE.  VBI.  ET.  COLLEGIA.  DVO. 
CHRISTO.  ET.  IOANNI.  DISCIPVLO.  EIVS.  STRVXIT.  MORITVR. 
AN.  DOMINI  M.  D.  IX.  III.  KAL.  IVLII. 

On  an  adjoining  tablet  was  formerly  a  latin  elegy 
to  her  memory,  by  John  Skelton,  poet  laureate. 

Her  benefactions  to  the  abbey  of  Westminster 
were  very  considerable.  Two  chantry  monks  and 
a  converse  were  specially  charged  with  the  cele- 
bration of  daily  offices  for  her  in  that  monastery. 
She,  with  others,  also  founded  a  chantry  in  the 
church  of  the  Holy  Trinity  at  Guildford.  She  had 
a  licence  to  found  a  chantry  for  four  chaplains  in 
the  chapel  of  S.  George  at  Windsor,  but  it  is  not 
certain  whether  that  foundation  actually  took  effect. 
At  Wimborne  Minster  in  Dorsetshire,  where  her 
parents  were  buried,  she  founded  a  chantry  and 
grammar  school.  She  erected  the  beautiful  chapel 
over  S.  Wenefrede's  well  at  Holy  well  in  Flintshire, 
gave  a  mansion  and  lands  to  the  rector  of  Torrington 
in  Devonshire,  and  built  one  of  the  aisles  of  the 
church  of  Sampford  Peverell  in  that  county.  We 
find  her  contributing  £20.  to  the  rebuilding  of  Great 


16  CHKIST'S  COLLEGE. 

S.  Mary's  in  Cambridge,  she  also  contributed  to 
the  fabric  of  the  church  of  Dedham  in  Essex,  and 
gave  to  the  church  of  Wimborne  Minster  a  cope  of 
blue  cloth  of  gold,  another  of  crimson  cloth  of  gold, 
and  a  suit  of  vestments.  She  maintained  twelve 
poor  men  and  women  at  Hatfield,  and  erected  an 
almshouse  for  poor  women  in  the  almonry  at  West- 
minster. 

In  1464  she  and  her  mother,  the  duchess  of 
Somerset,  were  admitted  into  fraternity  in  the  abbey 
of  Croyland.  In  1502  she  was  admitted  into  fra- 
ternity in  the  abbey  of  Durham.  She  was  also 
admitted  into  fraternity  at  Westminster,  the  Charter- 
house London,  Wimborne,  Deeping,  and  Thorney. 
In  1502  she  was  admitted  a  member  of  the  gild 
of  S.  Catharine,  in  the  chapel  over  the  parish  church 
door  of  S.  Paul's  in  Stamford,  and  of  the  gild  of 
Corpus  Christi  at- Boston. 

.  She  made  attempts  to  recover  that  vast  district 
of  fen  land  in  the  counties  of  Cambridge,  Huntingdon, 
Northampton,  Lincoln,  Norfolk,  and  Suffolk,  to  which 
the  appellation  of  the  Bedford  level  has  since  been 
applied. 

When  in  1500  a  confederacy  of  the  Christian 
princes  was  projected  for  the  recovery  of  the  Holy 
Land,  the  countess  entered  warmly  into  the  scheme, 
and  offered  to  follow  the  host,  and  help  to  wash 
their  clothes  for  the  love  of  Jesu. 

Bishop  Fisher,  her  confessor,  in  his  sermon 
preached  at  her  month's  mind,  gives  the  following 
vivid  description  of  her  temperance,  mortification, 
devotion,  and  charity : — 


CHRIST'S  COLLEGE.  17 

Her  sober  temperance  in  metes  and  drynkes  was  known  to 
all  them  that  were  conversant  with  her,  wherein  she  lay  in 
as  grete  wayte  of  her  self  as  ony  Person  myghte,  kepynge  alway 
her  strayte  mesure,  and  offendynge  as  lytell  as  ony  creature 
myghte :  Eschewyuge  banketts,  Keresoupers,  joncryes  betwixt 
meles.  As  for  fastynge,  for  aege  and  feebleness  albeit  she 
were  not  bounde,  yet  those  days  that  by  the  Chirche  were 
appointed  she  kept  them  diligently  and  seriously,  and  in  es- 
pecyall  the  holy  Lent;  throughout  that,  she  restrayned  her 
appetyte  tyl  one  mele  and  tyl  one  Fyshe  on  the  day ;  besydes 
her  other  peculer  fastes  of  Devocyon,  as  St.  Anthony,  Mary 
Maudelyn,  St.  Katheryne,  with  other;  and  theroweout  all  the 
Yere,  the  Friday  and  Saturday  she  full  truely  observed.  As 
to  harde  clothes  wearynge,  she  had  her  shertes  and  gyrdyls 
of  heere,  which,  when  she  was  in  helthe,  everi  weke  she  ~fayled 
not  certayn  days  to  weare,  sometyme  the  one,  sometime  the 
other,  that  full  often  her  skynne,  as  I  heard  her  say,  was 
perced  therewith. 

In  Prayer  every  daye  at  her  uprysynge,  which  comynly 
was  not  long  after  five  of  the  clok,  she  began  certain  Devocyons, 
and  so  after  them  with  one  of  her  Gentlewomen  the  Matynes 
of  our  Lady,  which  kept  her  to  then  she  came  into  her  Closet, 
where  then  with  her  Chaplayne  she  said  also  Matyns  of  the 
Daye;  and  after  that,  dayly  herde  four  or  fyve  Masses  upon 
her  knees,  so  continuing  in  her  Prayers  and  Devocyons  unto 
the  hour  of  dyner,  which  of  the  etynge  day  was  ten  of  the 
Clocke,  and  upon  the  fastynge  day,  Eleven.  After  dyner  full 
truely  she  wolde  goe  her  statyons  to  thre  Aulters  dayly ;  dayly 
her  Dyryges  and  Commendacyons  she  wolde  saye,  and  her 
Even  Songs  before  souper,  both  of  the  day  and  of  our  Lady, 
besyde  many  other  Prayers  and  Psalters  of  Davyde  thrughout 
the  yeare ;  and  at  nyghte  before  she  went  to  bedde  she  fayled 
not  to  resort  unto  her  Chappell,  and  there  a  large  quarter  of 
an  houre  to  occupye  her  [in]  Devocyons.  No  mervayle,  though 
all  this  long  time  her  knelynge  was  to  her  paynful,  and  so 
paynful  that  many  times  it  caused  in  her  backe  payne  and 
dysease.  And  yet  nevertheless  dayly,  when  she  was  in  helthe, 
she  fayled  not  to  say  the  Crowne  of  our  Lady,  which,  after 

VOL.  II.  C 


18  CHRIST'S  COLLEGE. 

the  maner  of  Rome,  conteyneth  sixty  and  thre  Aves;  and 
at  every  Ave  to  make  a  knelynge.  As  for  Meditacyon,  she 
had  divers  bokes  in  Frenshe,  wherewith  she  wolde  occupye 
her  self  when  she  was  weary  of  Prayer.  Wherefore  dyvers 
she  did  translate  out  of  Frenshe  into  Englyshe.  Her  mer- 
vaylous  wepynge  they  can  bere  wytness  of,  which  here  before 
have  herde  her  confession,  which  be  divers  and  many  and  at 
many  seasons  in  the  yere,  lyghtly  every  thyrde  day  :  Can  also 
recorde  the  same,  tho'  that  were  present  at  ony  time  when 
she  was  housylde,  which  was  full  nye  a  dosen  tymes  every 
yere ;  what  flodes  of  teeres  there  yssued  forth  of  her  eyes ! 

From  the  subjoined  passage  it  seems  that  she 
endured  great  bodily  suffering: — 

These  mercyfull  and  lyberall  hands  to  endure  the  moost 
paynful  cramps,  so  greveously  vexynge  her  and  compellynge 
her  to  crye,  0  Blessyd  Jhesu  help  me !  O  blessyd  Lady  socoure 
me !  It  was  a  mater  of  grete  pyte.  Lyke  a  spere  it  perced 
the  hertes  of  all  her  true  Servaunts  that  was  about  her,  and 
made  them  crye  alsoe  of  Jhesu  for  helpe  and  socoure,  with 
grete  haboundance  of  teares.  But  specyally  when  they  saw 
the  dethe  so  hast  upon  her,  and  that  she  must  nedes  depart 
from  them,  and  they  sholde  forgoe  so  gentyll  a  Maistris,  so 
tender  a  Lady,  then  wept  they  mervaylously ;  wept  her  Ladys 
and  Kyneswomen  to  whome  she  was  full  kinde ;  wept  her  poore 
Gentlewomen  whome  she  had  loved  so  tenderly  before ;  wept  her 
Chamberers  to  whome  she  was  full  deare ;  wept  her  Chaplayns 
and  Preests ;  wept  her  other  true  and  faythfull  Servants.  And 
who  wolde  not  have  wept,  that  there  had  bene  presente  ? 

As  to  her  behaviour  in  the  hour  of  death  he  thus 
appeals  to  a  portion  of  his  auditory : — 

How  hertly  she  answered,  whan  the  holy  Sacrament  con- 
taynyng  the  Blessyd  Jhesu  in  it  was  holden  before  her,  and 
the  questyon  made  untyll  her,  whether  she  byleved  that  there 
was  verayly  the  Son  of  God  that  suffered  his  blessyd  passyon 
for  her  and  for  all  Mankynde  upon  the  Crosse?  Many  here 
can  bere  recorde,  how  with  all  her  herte  and  soule  she  raysed 


CHRIST'S  COLLEGE.  19 

her  body  to  make  answere  thereunto,  and  confessed  assuredly 
that  in  that  Sacrament  was  conteyned  Chryst  Jhesu,  the  Sone 
of  God,  that  dyed  for  wretched  Synners  upon  the  Crosse,  m 
whome  holly  she  putte  her  truste  and  confydence.  These  same 
wordes  almoost,  that  Martha  confessed  in  the  end  of  thys 
Gospell.  Ego  eredidi,  quia  tu  es  Christm  filius  Dei,  qui  in 
mundum  venisti,  that  is  to  saye,  I  have  byleved  that  thou 
art  Cryste  the  Son  of  God  which  came  into  thys  worlde.  And 
so  sone  after  that  she  was  aneled,  she  departed,  and  yelded 
up  her  Spyryte  into  the  handes  of  our  Lorde. 

From  his  ample  delineation  of  her  character  we 
make  a  few  extracts  : — 

She  was  bounteous  and  lyberal  to  every  Person  of  her 
Knowledge  or  acquaintance.  Avarice  and  Covetyse  she  most 
hated,  and  sorowed  it  full  moche  in  all  persons,  but  specially 
in  ony  that  belong'd  unto  her.  She  was  also  of  syngular 
Easy  ness  to  be  spoken  unto,  and  full  curtayse  answere  she 
would  make  to  all  that  came  unto  her.  Of  mervayllous  gentyle- 
ness  she  was  unto  all  folks,  but  specially  unto  her  owne  whom 
she  trusted  and  loved  ryghte  tenderly.  Unkynde  she  wolde 
not  be  unto  no  creature,  ne  forgetfull  of  ony  kyndness  or  servyce 
done  to  her  before,  which  is  no  lytel  part  of  veray  nobleness. 
She  was  not  vengeable,  ne  cruell;  but  redy  anone  to  forgete 
and  to  forgyve  injuryes  done  unto  her,  at  the  leest  desyre  or 
mocyon  made  unto  her  for  the  same.  Mercyfull  also  and 
pyteous  she  was  unto  such  as  was  grevyed  and  wrongfully 
troubled,  and  to  them  that  were  in  Poverty,  or  sekeness,  or 
ony  other  mysery.  To  God  and  to  the  Chirche  full  obedient 
and  tractable,  Serchyngc  his  honour  and  plesure  full  besyly. 
A  wareness  of  her  self  she  had  alway  to  eschewe  every  thyng 
that  myght  dishonest  ony  noble  Woman,  or  distayne  her  honour 
in  ony  condycyon.  Fryfelous  things  that  were  lytell  to  be 
regarded,  she  wold  let  pass  by;  but  the  other  that  were  of 
weyght  and  substance  wherein  she  might  proufyte,  she  wolde 
not  let  for  ony  payne  or  labour  to  take  upon  hande. 

He  thus  forcibly  adverts  to  the  loss  the  nation 
sustained  by  her  death: — 

C2 


20  CHRIST'S  COLLEGE. 

All  Englonde  for  her  dethe  had  cause  of  wepynge.  The 
poore  Creatures  that  were  wonte  to  receyve  her  Ahnes,  to 
whome  she  was  always  pyteous  and  mercyfull ;  the  Studyentes 
of  both  the  Unyversytees,  to  whom  she  was  as  a  Moder ;  all 
the  Learned  Men  of  Englonde,  to  whome  she  was  a  veray 
Patroness;  all  the  vertuous  and  devoute  persones,  to  whome 
she  was  as  a  fovynge  Syster ;  all  the  good  relygyous  Men  and 
Women,  whome  she  so  often  was  wonte  to  vysyte  and  comforte ; 
all  good  Preests  and  Clercks,  to  whome  she  was  a  true  de- 
fendresse;  all  the  Noblemen  and  Women,  to  whome  she  was 
a  Myrroure  and  Exampler  of  honoure;  all  the  comyn  people 
of  this  Realme,  for  whome  she  was  in  theyr  causes  a  comyn 
Medyatryce,  and  toke  right  grete  displeasure  for  them ;  and 
generally  the  hole  Eealm  hathe  cause  to  complayne  and  to 
morne  her  dethe. 

Her  will  bears  date  6th  June,  1508.  It  was  not 
proved  till  more  than  three  years  after  her  death, 
having  been  the  subject  of  a  protracted  suit  in  the 
court  of  chancery. 

After  bequeathing  her  soul  to  Almighty  God, 
S.  Mary  the  Virgin,  and  the  whole  company  of 
heaven,  and  directing  her  body  to  be  buried  in  the 
chapel  of  Henry  the  Seventh  at  Westminster,  she 
gave  minute  directions  as  to  the  religious  services 
consequent  upon  her  death,  in  her  own  chapel,  in 
the  church  of  the  parish  wherein  she  should  die, 
and  the  fifteen  adjoining  parishes,  in  every  parish 
through  which  her  body  should  pass,  and  in  all  the 
churches  wherein  her  body  should  be  deposited  for 
the  night. 

She  bequeathed  legacies  for  masses  to  the  four 
orders  of  friars,  the  convents  of  Christ  church,  S.  Mary 
Spital,  S.  Bartholomew,  S.  Mary  Mouritgrace,  the 
Crutched  friars  and  Elsyngspyttell  in  London,  to 


CHRIST'S  COLLEGE.  21 

the  abbeys  of  Westminster  and  Bermondsey,  and  to 
S.  Stephen's  college  and  S.  Margaret's  church  in 
Westminster. 

On  the  day  of  her  death  she  willed  that  £133.  6s.  Sd. 
or  more  should  be  distributed  in  alms  amongst  poor 
people. 

£200.  was  to  be  expended  in  clothes  for  her 
executors  and  servants  and  other  persons  attending 
her  funeral  and  month's  day. 

Three  hearses  were  to  be  provided;  one  for  her 
chapel,  one  for  the  church  of  the  parish  where  she 
should  die,  and  the  third  for  the  abbey  of  West- 
minster. 

She  gave  directions  for  providing  torches  at  her 
funeral,  and  specified  the  rewards  to  be  given  to 
the  persons  to  be  employed  on  that  occasion,  directed 
that  her  debts  should  be  paid,  that  her  household 
should  be  kept  together  for  a  quarter  of  a-year  after 
her  death,  and  that  each  of  her  domestic  servants 
should  be  paid  half  a-year's  wages.  Certain  legacies 
were  specified  in  a  schedule  which  does  not  appear 
to  be  now  extant. 

Her  executors  were  Eichard  Fox,  bishop  of  Win- 
chester; John  Fisher,  bishop  of  Rochester;  lord 
Herbert,  the  king's  chamberlain ;  sir  Thomas  Lovell, 
treasurer  of  the  king's  household ;  sir  Henry  Marney, 
chancellor  of  the  duchy  of  Lancaster ;  sir  John  Saint- 
John,  her  chamberlain ;  sir  Henry  Horneby,  her 
chancellor;  and  sir  Hugh  Ashton,  comptroller  of 
her  household.  She  besought  the  king  to  be  super- 
visor, and  to  shew  special  help,  favour,  and  assistance 
to  her  executors,  and  desired  Dr.  Warham,  arch- 
bishop of  Canterbury,  to  see  her  will  performed. 


22  CHRIST'S  COLLEGE. 

There  are  various  details  relating  to  her  foun- 
dations at  Westminster,  Oxford,  Cambridge,  and 
Wimborn. 

She  confirmed  a  grant  for  the  exhibition  and 
finding  of  Margaret  White,  anchoress  in  the  house 
of  nuns  beside  Stamford,  and  of  an  honest  woman 
to  attend  upon  her  during  her  life,  also  certain  grants 
to  her  servants  and  others. 

She  directed  her  executors  to  make  a  tomb  and 
one  or  two  altars  for  masses  in  the  chapel  of  Henry 
the  Seventh  at  Westminster. 

Certain  lands  in  Somersetshire  were  to  be  sold 
for  payment  of  her  debts  and  the  satisfaction  of  her 
will,  and  to  be  expended  in  works  of  piety  and 
mercy  for  the  weal  of  her  soul.  She  charged  her 
debts  and  legacies  on  lands  in  Somersetshire  and 
Devonshire,  and  directed  that  the  unbequeathed 
residue  of  her  goods  should  be  applied  for  the  wealth 
of  her  soul  in  such  manner  as  her  executors  should 
think  most  meritorious  and  convenient. 

A  codicil  without  date,  relates  to  S.  John's  and 
Christ's  colleges,  and  the  free  school  and  chantry  at 
Wimborn.  Thereby  she  also  willed  that  her  old 
and  serviceable  household  servants  and  her  executors 
should  be  rewarded  at  the  discretion  of  bishop  Fox, 
and  that  the  twelve  poor  men  and  women  she  had 
kept  at  Hatfield  should  be  maintained  at  her  costs 
during  their  lives. 

The  fourth  day  before  her  death,  she  willed  that 
bishop  Fox  and  Henry  Horneby,  her  chancellor, 
should  have  the  oversight  of  her  will,  with  power 
to  alter,  add  to,  or  diminish  the  same. 


CHRIST'S  COLLEGE.  23 

She  is  author  of — 

1.  Ordinances   as  to   what  preparation   is  to  be 
made  against  the  deliverance  of  a  Queen,  as  also  for 
the  Christening  of  the  Child  of  which  she  shall  be 
delivered.    Cf.  Collection  of  Ordinances  for  the  Royal 
Household  125. 

2.  Ordinances  and  Reformations  of  Apparel  for 
Princes  and  Estates  with  other  Ladies  and  Gentle- 
women for  the  time  of  mourning.      Ms.  Harl.  537, 
fo.  69;  1107,  fo.  81  b;  1354,  fo.  10  b;  1776,  fo.  7  b; 
4628,  art.  11. 

3.  The  forthe  boke  of  the  following  Jesu  Cryst 
and  of  the  Contempninge  of  the  World,  Lond.  4to. 
(Richard  Pynson)  n.  d.      (Wynken  de  Worde)  n.  d. 
(Thomas  Godfray)  n.  d.     It  is  a  translation  from  the 
french.       It   is  not  part  of  the  work  attributed  to 
Thomas  a  Kempis  or  John  Gerson,  but  another  tract 
by  an  anonymous  author.      Godfray's  edition,  which 
is  a  translation  from  the  latin,  was  published  after  the 
countess's  death. 

4.  The  Mirroure  of  Golde  for  the  sinfull  soule, 
translated  out  of  Frenche  into  Englishe,  Lond.  4to. 
(Richard  Pynson)  n.  d.      Lond.  (Wynken  de  Worde) 
1522.     Lond.  (John  Skot)  1522.     Lond.  (Wynken  de 
Worde)   1526.      The  work  was   originally  in  latin, 
under  the  title  of  Speculum  aureum  peccatorum. 

5.  Letters  («)  to  Richard  Shirley,  bailiff  of  her 
town  of  Ware,  dated  Hatfield,  24  July;    (b)  to  the 
earl  of  Ormond,  dated  Shene,  25  April ;    (<?)  to  the 
university  of  Oxford  in  favour  of  Maurice  Westbury, 
dated  Windsor,   12  Jan.  [1493]  ;    (d)  to  Henry  VII., 
dated  Colyweston,   14  Jan. ;    (e)  to  the  same,  dated 


24  CHRIST'S  COLLEGE. 

Calais,  S.  Anne's  day  [S.  Agnes  the  second,  28  Jan.] ; 
(/)  to  the  university  of  Oxford  in  favour  of  Richard 
Wottone,  dated  Buckden,  23  Aug.  [1501]. 

She  patronised  the  famous  printers  William  Caxton, 
Wynken  de  Worde,  and  Richard  Pynson.  De  Worde 
in  1509  formally  adopted  the  title  of  her  printer. 

There  are  several  portraits  of  the  countess  of 
Richmond  in  each  of  the  colleges  of  her  foundation; 
two  at  Trinity  college,  one  in  the  university  library, 
one  at  Knowsley  the  seat  of  the  earl  of  Derby, 
another  at  Hatfield  the  seat  of  the  marquess  of  Salis- 
bury, and  another  at  Melchborn  in  Bedfordshire  the 
seat  of  lord  Saint  John.  The  engravings  of  her 
portrait  are  numerous. 

THE  FOUNDATION. — Henry  VII.,  by  a  charter  dated 
1st  May,  in  the  20th  year  of  his  reign  [1505],  recited 
and  confirmed  the  various  charters  of  God's  house 
(which,  notwithstanding  the  intention  of  the  founder, 
never  consisted  of  more  than  a  proctor  and  four 
scholars),  and  at  the  pious  petition  of  his  most  dear 
mother,  Margaret  countess  of  Richmond  and  Derby, 
gave  licence  to  her  or  her  executors,  with  the  assent 
of  the  proctor  or  warden  and  scholars,  to  augment  the 
college  so  that  the  total  number  of  members  should 
not  exceed  sixty. 

The  members  of  the  college  were  to  study  the 
grammatical  science  or  other  sciences  and  liberal 
faculties  or  holy  divinity,  and  to  celebrate  divine 
service  suffrages  and  obsequies  for  the  healthful  state 
of  the  countess  and  of  the  king  and  his  children 
during  their  lives,  and  for  the  souls  of  the  mighty 
prince  Edmund  earl  of  Richmond  the  king's  father, 


CHEIST'S  COLLEGE.  25 

of  John  duke  of  Somerset,  and  Margaret  his  wife 
the  countess's  father  and  mother,  and  of  all  other  the 
countess's  predecessors ;  also  for  the  souls  of  Eliza- 
beth late  queen  of  England  the  king's  consort,  and  of 
king  Henry  VI.,  and  of  William  Byngham  ;  for  the 
souls  of  the  countess  and  of  the  king  and  his  children 
when  they  should  depart  this  life ;  for  all  the  souls 
which  the  countess  ought  to  pray  for,  and  for  the 
souls  of  all  the  faithful  deceased,  according  to  ordi- 
nances and  statutes  to  be  made  by  the  countess  or  her 
executors. 

By  the  same  charter  the  king  (at  his  mother's 
special  request  from  singular  devotion  to  the  name  of 
Jesus  Christ  and  by  the  consent  of  the  proctor  or 
master  and  scholars)  changed  the  name  of  the  college 
to  that  of  the  college  of  Christ  in  the  university  of 
Cambridge  by  Henry  VI.,  king  of  England,  first 
begun,  and  after  his  decease  by  Margaret  countess  of 
Richmond,  mother  of  king  Henry  VII.,  augmented, 
finished,  and  established;  by  which  name  he  re- 
incorporated  the  society. 

Licence  was  given  to  acquire  lands  and  tenements 
to  the  value  of  £107  per  annum,  and  the  college  was 
empowered  to  hold  appropriated  the  rectories  of  Fen- 
drayton,  Helpstone,  and  Naumby,  provided  vicarages 
were  endowed  in  the  two  latter  parishes. 

Three  days  afterwards  the  king,  by  other  letters 
patent,  empowered  the  countess  of  Richmond  to  settle 
on  the  college  the  advowson  of  the  church  of  Malton 
in  the  county  of  Cambridge,  and  authorised  the 
college  to  hold  the  same  appropriated  without  the 
endowment  of  any  vicarage. 


26  CHRIST'S  COLLEGE. 

John  Sycling  the  proctor  of  the  old  house  became 
the  first  master  of  the  college,  and  John  Scott, 
Edward  Fowke,  and  Thomas  Nunne,  three  of  the 
scholars  (probably  all  there  were  at  the  time)  became 
fellows.  The  number  of  fellows  was  fixed  at  twelve, 
and  forty-seven  scholarships  were  established  by  the 
statutes  framed  by  the  countess  in  1506.(a) 

The  countess  obtained  a  bull  from  pope  Julius  II., 
under  which  the  master  was  allowed  to  hold  two 
benefices. 

By  the  statutes  the  foundress  reserved  to  herself 
certain  chambers  over  those  of  the  master,  of  which 
during  her  absence  bishop  Fisher  was  to  have  the 
use  for  his  life.  On  his  death  they  were  to  belong 
to  the  master.  The  bishop  was  appointed  visitor  for 
life.  After  his  death  the  visitatorial  power  was  vested 
in  the  chancellor  or  vice-chancellor  of  the  university, 
who,  with  the  assent  of  the  two  senior  doctors  in 
divinity,  were  empowered  to  interpret  all  doubts  and 
ambiguities  in  the  statutes. 

On  the  12th  of  December,  1506,  James  Stanley, 
bishop  of  Ely,  exempted  the  college  from  episcopal 
visitation,  and  authorised  the  performance  of  divine 
offices  in  the  college  chapel. 

The  abbey  of  S.   Mary  de  Pratis  at  Creyke,   in 

(a)  The  preamble  of  these  statutes  being  very  singular  is  subjoined : — 
"  Considerantibus  nobis  officia  varia  cuj  usque  person®  intra  Collegium  hoc, 
quod  jam  Christi  Collegium  in  Cantabrigia  nuncupavimus,  prsesentatur 
universus  earum  numerus  sub  rations  corporis  unius,  cujus  Magister, 
sive  Gustos,  caput  est:  Decani  duo,  brachia;  Senescallus,  et  Cistas  corn- 
munis  Prsefectus,  manus  duse ;  Scholares  Socii,  solida  et  potiora  corporis 
ipsius  membra ;  Lector,  membrum  generation!  novse  sobolis  deputatum  ; 
Scholares  Discipuli,  seminarium  aptissimum;  Famuli  postremo  mercede 
conducti,  velut  infimi  pedes,  sunt." 


CHRIST'S  COLLEGE.  .  27 

Norfolk,  having  been  without  a  superior  since  the 
death  of  Giles  Sheryngton,  the  last  abbat,  escheated 
with  all  its  possessions  to  the  king,  who  by  letters 
patent  dated  14th  July,  in  the  22nd  year  of  his 
reign  [1507],  granted  the  abbey  and  its  revenues 
to  the  countess  of  Richmond,  with  licence  to  assign 
the  premises  to  this  college.  The  pope  having  also 
given  his  assent,  the  countess  settled  the  abbey  and 
its  revenues  on  the  college  accordingly.  About  the 
same  time,  the  college  became  possessed  of  the  advow- 
son  of  Manerbere  in  Pembrokeshire  by  the  donation 
of  the  foundress,  under  a  licence  from  the  king  of 
concurrent  date,  with  that  relating  to  Creyke  abbey. 

The  manors  of  Malton,  Meldreth,  and  Beach,  with 
lands  in  those  places,  and  in  Whaddon,  Kneesworth, 
Oakington,  Orwell,  and  Barrington  in  Cambridgeshire, 
the  manor  of  Ditesworth,  with  lands  there  and  in 
Kegworth,  Hathern,  and  Whatton,  the  advowsons 
of  Kegworth  and  Sutton  Bonnington  in  Leicester- 
shire, and  the  manor  of  Roy  don  in  Essex, (a)  were 
also  granted  by  the  countess  to  the  college. 

That  she  took  great  personal  interest  in  the  foun- 
dation, is  evident  from  the  fact  of  her  having  reserved 
chambers  in  the  college  for  her  own  use.  Fuller 
says  that  she  once  came  to  the  college  "to  behold 
it  when  partly  built,  and,  looking  out  of  a  window, 
saw  the  deane  call  a  faulty  scholar  to  correction ; 
to  whom  she  said,  lente,  lente, — gently,  gently,  as  ac- 
counting it  better  to  mitigate  his  punishment  than 
procure  his  pardon." 

(a)  The  college  granted  Roydon  to  Henry  VIII.  in  exchange  for  the 
priory  of  Bromehill  in  Norfolk,  with  the  manors  and  possessions  thereto 
belonging. 


28  CHRIST'S  COLLEGE. 

By  a  codicil  to  her  will,  the  foundress  gave  to 
the  college  additional  lands  of  £16.  per  annum,  and 
directed  that  the  structure  should  at  her  charge  be 
perfectly  finished  "in  all  reparacious  bielding  and 
garnyshing  of  the  same."  She  willed  that  the  manor 
of  Malton  should  be  built  and  repaired  at  her  cost, 
so  that  the  society  might  resort  thither  for  study 
during  the  time  of  any  contagious  sickness  at  Cam- 
bridge, and  that  a  coffer  with  £100.  in  it  should 
be  provided  for  the  college  to  be  spent  as  they  should 
need. 

All  her  plate,  jewels,  vestments,  altar-cloths, 
hangings,  and  other  necessaries  belonging  to  her 
chapel,  and  not  otherwise  bequeathed,  she  gave  to  her 
colleges  of  Christ  and  S.  John,  to  be  divided  between 
them  at  the  discretion  of  her  executors. 

The  plate  bequeathed  to  this  college  was  de- 
livered to  the  master  soon  after  her  death.  The 
following  fragment  of  the  inventory  has  been  pre- 
served : — 

This  boke  made  the  14th  dale  of  August  in  the  first  yere 
of  the  Keigne  of  Kyng  Harry  the  viijth,  by  me  Maister  Edward 
Bothe  of  the  Jewell  House,  with  my  Ladi's  grace  on  the  one 
partie,  and  Maister  Doctor  Tomson,  Maister  of  Criste's  Colege 
in  Cambridge  on  the  other  partye,  makyng  mention  of  all  suche 
je welles  and  plate  as  the  foresaid  Maister  of  Criste's  Colege 
hathe  recevid  owte  of  the  Jewell  house  of  the  said  Ladle,  by 
hir  bequestes  and  by  the  commaundement  of  my  Lord  of 
Rochester,  Maister  Chaunceler,  Maister  Sent  Johns. 

These  parcelles  hereafter  following  : 

First,  a  gret  Crucifix  gilt  and  inamyld  with  Mary 
and  John,  pondering  cxvj  unc.  price  the  unce 
iiij8 , xxiij11  iiij" 


CHRIST'S  COLLEGE.  29 

Item,  one  crucifix,  with  Mary  and  John  gilt  and 
inamyld,  pondering  47  unc.  di.  price  the  unce 
iiijs ix11  xs 

Item,  a  hole  harnish  for  a  crosstaf  to  be  borne  in 
procession,  that  is  to  understond,  iij  long 
holowe  pipes  and  4  gret  knoppis,  parte  of 
them  inamyled,  and  one  of  them  having  a 
gret  crest  with  pynacles,  all  pondering  cxviij 
unc.  price  the  unce  iiij8 xxiij11  xij8 

Item,  one  gilt  foot  for  a  crosse  to  rest  in  upon  the 

auter,  pondering  xxiij  unc.  price  the  unce  iiij8  iiij11  xij8 

Item,  a  great  chales  with  the  patent  gilt,  ponsid 
with  portculions,  rosis,  margarettes,the  ymage 
of  the  Trinite  inamyld,  and  ymage  of  the 
Crucifix  inamyld,  with  the  patent  in  the  foot, 
pond,  xxiiij.  unc.  quart,  price  the  unce  iijs  viijd  iiij11  viij"  xid 

Item,  a  chales,  with  the  patent  gilt,  with  this 
Scripture,  Calicem  8alutar*  accipiam  et  nomen 
Dni  invocaboj  graven  abowte  the  cup,  of. 

In  the  valuation  for  first  fruits  made  about  1535, 
this  college  was  returned  at  £190.  105.  W^d. 

From  the  survey  made  in  February  1545-6  by 
Matthew  Parker,  D.D.,  John  Redman,  D.D.,  and 
William  Mey,  LL.D.,  it  appears  that  the  master 
had  for  stipend  £6.  13s.  4e?.,  for  commons  £2.  17s., 
and  for  livery  £1.  per  annum;  that  each  of  the 
twelve  fellows  had  for  stipend  £2.  14s.  4c?.,  for 
commons  £2.  17s.,  and  for  livery  £1.  6s.  8d.  per 
annum.  Each  of  four  fellows,  being  bachelors  in 
divinity,  had  also  a  reward  of  6s.  8^7.  per  annum. 
Each  of  the  forty-seven  scholars  had  for  his  commons 
and  victuals  Id.  per  week,  with  2s.  6d.  per  annum 
as  an  augmentation  of  his  commons  and  diet.  The 
principal  lecturer  in  arts  had  £2.  13s.  4c?.  per  annum. 
The  commons  of  the  master's  servant,  the  manciple 


30  CHRIST'S  COLLEGE. 

cook  and  undercook  were  £1.  12s.  Wd.  per  annum 
each.  The  manciple  and  cook  had  each  £1.  6s.  8d. 
per  annum  for  wages,  the  undercook  13s.  4c?.,  the 
laundress  £3.,  and  the  barber  £1. 

£6.  was  annually  expended  on  the  foundresses 
exequies,  the  keeper  of  the  chapel  had  an  annual 
stipend  of  £2.  4s.  4</.,  and  the  yearly  cost  of  wine, 
bread,  incense,  wax,  oil,  and  other  necessaries  for 
the  chapel  was  £5. 

The  scholar  on  Dr.  Patynson's  foundation  had 
an  annual  stipend  of  £1.  13s.  4:d.  The  expences 
of  annual  exequies  for  particular  benefactors  were 
as  follows:  for  Joan  Clerke  £2.  5s.;  for  bishop 
Fisher  £2.;  for  Edith  Fowler  13s.  ±d.  Thomasine 
Thompson,  another  benefactor,  provided  £1.  com- 
munibus  annis  for  the  purchase  of  fuel  and  the  dis- 
tribution amongst  the  master  and  fellows  of  £1.  6s.  Sd. 
per  annum. 

Three  sub-lecturers  had  13s.  4^.  per  annum  each, 
The  purchase  and  repair  of  utensils  was  £3.,  the 
repairs  of  the  college  possessions  £47.  6s.  8d.,  the 
extraordinary  expenses  £20.  communibus  annis,  and 
the  yearly  expenses  of  the  master  and  others  riding 
in  the  college  causes  was  £13.  6s.  8d.  per  annum. 
The  rents  resolute  were  £31.  Os.  6d.  per  annum. 

The  college  estates  were  situate  in  the  town  of 
Cambridge,  Fordham,  Malton,  Whaddon,  Meldreth, 
Kneesworth,  Orwell,  Fendrayton,  and  Borogreen 
in  Cambridgeshire ;  Sawtrey  in  Huntingdonshire ; 
Bromehill,  Croxton,  Feltwell,  Methwold,  Runcton- 
holme,  Estmore,  Wilton,  Wringford,  Creyke,  North 
Creyke,  Folsham,  Amner,  Harpley,  Bateby,  Hapton, 


CHRIST'S  COLLEGE.  31 

Wrenningham,  and  Ringsted  in  Norfolk ;  Ickworth, 
Downham,  and  Mildenhall  in  Suffolk;  Roy  don  in 
Essex ;  Helpstone  and  Rothersthorpe  in  Northampton- 
shire ;  Diseworth  and  Ilston  in  Leicestershire ;  North 
Witham  and  Naumby  in  Lincolnshire ;  Manerbere 
in  Pembrokeshire;  Alsley,  Stivichall,  and  Bedworth 
in  Warwickshire;  Totnes  in  Devonshire;  and  Mon- 
mouth. 

The  whole  possessions  of  the  college  free  of 
reprises  were  returned  at  £287.  9s.  lid.  per  annum, 
and  the  yearly  expenses  exceeded  the  revenues 
by  £9.  12s.  Id. 

In  or  about  1650,  the  mastership  of  this  college 
was  returned  at  £110.  Is.  8d.  per  annum,  and  an 
augmentation  of  £50.  per  annum  was  proposed. 

BENEFACTORS. — John  Broklee  a  benefactor  to  God's 
house  is  by  the  statutes  of  this  college  to  be  specially 
commemorated;  sir  Maurice  Berkeley,  knight,  in 
1516  founded  a  scholarship;  John  Fisher,  bishop  of 
Rochester,  gave  £2.  per  annum,  for  the  celebra- 
tion of  exequies  on  his  anniversary;  Joan  Clerke, 
gave  £2.  5s.  per  annum,  for  a  similar  celebration ; 
Edith  Fowler,  gave  13s.  4e?.  per  annum,  for  a 
like  purpose;  Thomasine  Thompson,  gave  £1.  per 
annum  for  the  purchase  of  fuel,  and  £1.  6s.  Sd.  to 
be  distributed  yearly  amongst  the  master  and  fellows ; 
Thomas  Thompson,  D.D.,  master,  who  died  1540, 
gave  the  Brazen-george  inn  at  Cambridge,  and  lands 
at  Malton  and  Orwell,  for  two  perpetual  obits  to 
be  kept  for  him  in  the  college  chapel ;  Thomas 
Patynson,  D.D.,  in  1544  founded  a  scholarship;  king 
Edward  VI.  founded  a  fellowship  and  three  scholar- 


32  CHRIST'S  COLLEGE. 

ships(a) ;  Richard  Rysley,  B.C.,  rector  of  Streatham,  in 
1553  founded  a  scholarship  and  two  exhibitions,  and 
gave  £5.  per  annum  to  three  fellows  preachers ; 
Robert  Isham,  M.A.,  canon  of  Windsor,  gave  £20. 
per  annum  during  his  life  to  the  scholars  of  this 
college;  sir  Philip  Calthrop,  knight,  gave  £2.  13s. 
per  annum  to  a  chaplain  in  this  college;  Robert 
Broadbanke,  in  1558  founded  a  scholarship ;  Philip 
Rawlins  of  London,  in  1559  founded  a  scholarship; 
sir  Walter  Mildmay,  by  deed  dated  10th  March, 
1568-9  gave  £20.  per  annum,  for  the  foundation  of 
a  greek  lectureship  and  six  scholarships,  and  for 
an  annual  stipend  to  a  preacher  being  a  fellow  of 
the  college;  Nicholas  Culverwell,  in  1569  founded 
a  scholarship ;  Edward  Hawford,  D.D.,  master,  gave 
the  advowson  of  Clipston  in  Northamptonshire,  £5. 
per  annum  for  sermons,  £1.  per  annum  to  each  of 
three  scholars,  and  £20.  to  buy  plate ;  Edmund  Grindal, 
archbishop  of  Canterbury,  bequeathed  a  standing 
cup,  weighing  forty  ounces ;  Thomas  Laughton,  B.D., 
formerly  fellow,  in  1590  gave  a  yearly  rent  charge 
of  £3.  6s.  Sd.  for  a  scholar ;  Richard  Bunting,  in  1598 
founded  three  scholarships ;  Anthony  Watson,  bishop 
of  Chichester,  in  1605  gave  by  will  £100. ;  Thomas 
Jenens,  clerk,  in  1606  left  lands  to  the  college,  the 


(a)  "A  covetous  courtier  complained  to  king  Edward  the  sixth,  of 
Christ  college  in  Cambridge,  that  it  was  a  superstitious  foundation, 
consisting  of  a  master  and  twelve  fellows,  in  imitation  of  Christ  and  his 
twelve  apostles.  He  advised  the  king  also,  to  take  away  one  or  two 
fellowships,  so  as  to  discompose  that  superstitious  number.  '  Oh  no',  said 
the  king,  '  I  have  a  better  way  than  that  to  mar  their  conceit,  I  will  add 
a  thirteenth  fellow  unto  them ;'  which  he  did  accordingly,  and  so  it 
remaineth  to  this  day." — Fuller,  Mixt  Contemplations,  xxxvi. 


CHRIST'S  COLLEGE.  33 

profits  to  be  distributed  amongst  deserving  students  ; 
Richard  Carr,  clerk,  in  1616  founded  two  bye-fellow- 
ships and  eight  scholarships ;  Thomas  Hallwood, 
in  1622  founded  two  exhibitions  for  divinity  students 
in  this  college;  Thomas  Wilson,  clerk,  in  1626  by 
will  gave  £200.  to  purchase  an  estate  for  the 
endowment  of  three  scholarships ;  Richard  Clerk,  D.D., 
canon  of  Canterbury,  sometime  fellow,  who  died 
1635,  bequeathed  money  to  the  treasury;  Edward 
King,  fellow,  by  will  gave  £112.  10s.  Id.  which  was 
applied  to  the  new  building;  Joseph  Mede,  B.D., 
fellow,  who  died  1638,  bequeathed  about  £300. ;  John 
Rudd,  B.D.,  vicar  of  Sheephall,  Hertfordshire,  in  1640 
bequeathed  £200.  for  founding  two  scholarships; 
Henry  Montagu,  earl  of  Manchester,  gave  £100.  to 
the  new  building;  John  Alsop,  who  died  1646,  gave 
many  books  to  the  library;  Thomas  Bainbrigg,  D.D., 
master,  who  died  1646,  bequeathed  money  to  the 
treasury  ;  Henry  Burwell  of  London,  sometime  fellow- 
commoner,  left  £20.  per  annum,  whereof  £15.  to 
the  rhetoric  reader,  and  £5.  to  the  library;  John 
Harvey,  esq.,  of  Thurleigh,  Bedfordshire,  in  1661 
gave  a  small  estate  towards  the  maintenance  of  a 
poor  scholar ;  John  Brown,  gent.,  by  will  dated 
20th  October,  1662,  devised  the  Nag's  Head,  in 
Islington,  to  the  corporation  of  London  for  charitable 
uses,  including  the  maintenance  in  this  college  of 
three  scholars  from  Christ's  hospital ;  Robert  Gell, 
D.D.,  sometime  fellow,  gave  books  to  the  library; 
sir  John  Finch,  M.D.,  and  sir  Thomas  Baines,  M.D., 
fellows,  gave  £4000.  for  augmenting  the  mastership  and 
endowing  two  bye  fellowships  and  two  scholarships; 

VOL.    II.  D 


34  CHRIST'S  COLLEGE. 

Seth  Ward,  bishop  of  Salisbury,  in  1681  gave  lands  for 
founding  four  scholarships  ;  Henry  More,  D.D.,  fellow, 
gave  the  rectory  of  Ingoldsby,  Lincolnshire ;  Ralph 
Widdrington,  D.D.,  fellow,  in  1688  founded  four  exhi- 
bitions; Thomas  Otway,  bishop  of  Ossory,  in  1692 
founded  three  scholarships ;  Thomas  Plume,  D.D., 
archdeacon  of  Rochester,  in  1704  gave  £100.  for  an 
annual  exhibition  to  a  scholar;  Mr.  William  Petyt, 
in  1705  bequeathed  £200.  to  be  laid  out  by  his 
executor  Mr.  Sylvester  Petyt  with  the  advice  of  the 
master  and  fellows,  in  such  manner  as  should  be 
thought  best  for  the  advantage  of  poor  scholars  of 
this  college.  Thomas  Lynford,  D.D.,  archdeacon  of 
Barnstaple  and  canon  of  Westminster,  sometime 
fellow,  who  died  1724,  new  cased  the  western  front 
of  the  college;  Christopher  Clarke,  archdeacon  of 
Norwich  and  canon  of  Ely,  founded  in  1736  an 
exhibition  of  £10.  per  annum;  Diana,  lady  Drury, 
in  1745  founded  two  exhibitions ;  Mrs.  Beridge  of 
Kensington,  in  1750  gave  £100.  for  a  scholarship; 
Christopher  Tancred,  esq.,  in  1754  established  four 
divinity  studentships  and  an  exhibition ;  Beilby 
Porteus,  bishop  of  London,  sometime  fellow,  in  1807 
transferred  £1200.  stock,  the  dividends  to  be  ex- 
pended annually  in  the  purchase  of  three  gold  medals 
to  be  contended  for  by  students  of  the  college ;  John 
Hutton,  esq.,  of  Marske  in  the  county  of  Richmond, 
gave  books  to  the  library,  including  some  valuable 
oriental  MSS. ;  Richard  Burney,  esq.,  sometime  fellow- 
commoner,  gave  books  to  the  library ;  Peter  Fraser, 
M.A.,  rector  of  Kegworth,  Leicestershire,  sometime 
fellow,  gave  a  valuable  collection  of  books,  and  be- 


CHRIST'S  COLLEGE.  35 

queathed  money  to  the  use  of  the  library;  the 
rev.  John  Dowell  Ridout,  M.A.,  fellow,  in  1851  gave 
£100.  for  an  annual  prize  to  encourage  the  study 
of  the  greek  Testament  and  of  the  doctrines  and 
formularies  of  the  church  of  England;  the  rev. 
Frederick  Gell,  M.A.,  fellow,  in  the  same  year  gave 
the  like  sum  for  an  annual  prize  to  encourage  the 
study  of  Biblical  Hebrew ;  Joseph  Shaw,  B.D.,  senior 
fellow  and  for  a  short  period  master,  who  died  1859, 
bequeathed  £3,000. ;  Michael  Honywood,  D.D.,  dean 
of  Lincoln,  sometime  fellow,  who  died  1681,  and 
sir  George  Wheler,  D.D.,  canon  of  Durham,  who  died 
1723,  are  also  mentioned  as  benefactors  to  this  college. 
EMINENT  MEN. — Thomas  Dusgate,(o)  alias  Benet, 
martyred  at  Exeter,  1531-2.  William  Exmeuse,(0)  a 
Carthusian,  executed  for  denying  the  royal  supre- 
macy, 1535.  John  Major,(o)  the  Scotch  historian, 
died  about  1547.  Nicholas  Wilson, (a)  D.D.,  master  of 
Michaelhouse  and  author  of  a  work  against  the 
divorce  of  Henry  VIII.,  died  1548.  John  Leland,(fl) 
the  great  antiquary,  died  1552.  Hugh  Latimer,((I) 
bishop  of  Worcester,  martyred  1555.  Edward  Pier- 
point,  w  master  of  Jesus  college,  died  1556-7.  Nicholas 
Grimalde,(a)  poet,  died  about  1563.  Cuthbert  Scot,(a) 
master,  bishop  of  Chester,  died  1565.  Nicholas 
Carr,(0)  M.D.,  regius  professor  of  greek  and  translator 
of  Demosthenes,  died  1568.  Francis  Babington,(a) 
D.D.,  successively  master  of  Balliol  college  and  rector 
of  Lincoln  college,  Oxford,  and  Margaret  professor 
of  divinity  there,  died  about  1569.  Edward  Dering,(a) 
a  learned  puritan,  author  of  expositions  of  scripture 

(a)  Cooper's  Athense  Cantabrigienses,  vol.  I. 

D2 


36  CHRIST'S  COLLEGE. 

and  other  works,  died  1576.  Thomas  Watts, (a)  D.D., 
archdeacon  of  Middlesex,  died  1577.  Nicholas  Heath, (a) 
fellow,  archbishop  of  York  and  lord  chancellor,  died 
1579.  Richard  Cheyney,(a)  bishop  of  Gloucester, 
died  1579.  Stephen  Nevynson,(a)  LL.D.,  commissary 
of  Canterbury  and  chancellor  of  Norwich,  died  1580. 
Edmund  Grindal,(a)  archbishop  of  Canterbury,  died 
1583.  Anthony  Gilby,(a)  a  famous  puritan,  author 
of  commentaries  on  scripture  and  controversial  works, 
died  1585.  Barnaby  Googe,  poet,  flourished  1588. 
William  Sanderson,  preacher  at  King's  Lynn,  an 
active  puritan,  died  about  1589.  Laurence  Hum- 
phrey, D.D.,  dean  of  Winchester,  president  of  Mag- 
dalen college,  Oxford,  and  Regius  professor  of 
divinity  there,  died  1589.  Sir  Walter  Mildmay, 
chancellor  of  the  exchequer  and  founder  of  Emmanuel 
college,  died  1589.  Robert  Shute,  justice  of  the 
Queen's  bench,  died  1590.  John  More,  fellow, 
preacher  at  S.  Andrew's,  Norwich,  and  author  of 
theological  and  chronological  works,  died  1591-2. 
John  Udall,  who  was  grievously  persecuted  for 
puritanism,  author  of  sermons,  a  commentary  on 
the  Lamentations,  and  a  Hebrew  grammar,  died 
in  prison  1592.  Richard  Rogers,  suffragan  bishop 
of  Dover  and  dean  of  Canterbury,  died  1597. 
William  Lewin,  LL.D.,  fellow,  sometime  public  orator 
and  afterwards  judge  of  the  Prerogative  court,  died 
1598. 

William  Hughes,  fellow,  bishop  of  S.  Asaph,  died 
1600.  Gabriel  Goodman,  D.D.,  dean  of  Westminster, 
died  1601.  William  Perkins,  fellow,  preacher  at 

(a)  Cooper's  Athens  Cantabrigienses,  vol.  I. 


CHRIST'S  COLLEGE.  37 

Great  S.  Andrew's,  Cambridge,  author  of  many  able 
theological  works,  died  1602.  Richard  Hall,  author 
of  a  life  of  bishop  Fisher,  died  1604.  John  Freake, 
archdeacon  of  Norwich,  died  1604.  Thomas  Brad- 
dock,  fellow,  translator  of  bishop  Jewel's  Apology, 
flourished  1604.  Anthony  Watson,  bishop  of  Chiches- 
ter,  died  1605.  John  Sterne,  suffragan  bishop  of 
Colchester,  died  1607.  Francis  Dillingham,  fellow, 
rector  of  Wilden,  Bedfordshire,  one  of  the  translators 
of  the  Bible,  flourished  1607.  Simon  Harward, 
divine  and  physician,  author  of  various  works, 
flourished  1607.  Thomas  Patenson,  fellow,  arch- 
deacon of  Chichester,  died  1607.  John  Still,  fellow, 
bishop  of  Bath  and  Wells,  died  1607-8.  William 
Chaderton,  fellow,  bishop  of  Lincoln,  died  1608. 
John  Farmery,  archdeacon  of  Stow,  died  1610. 
Richard  Bancroft,  archbishop  of  Canterbury,  died 
1610.  John  Smith,  anabaptist  minister  at  Leyden, 
author  of  controversial  works,  died  1610.  William 
Lee,  inventor  of  the  stocking  frame,  died  about 

1610.  Brutus    Babington,    bishop    of   Derry,    died 

1611.  William  Tabor,  D.D.,    fellow,    archdeacon  of 
Essex,   died    1611.     Hugh  Broughton,  fellow,  a  re- 
markable hebrew  scholar,  died  1612.     Sir  John  Har- 
ington,   translator   of  Ariosto,   died    1612.     William 
Covell,  D.D.,   author  of  various  works  in  defence  of 
the  church  of  England,    flourished   1613.      Thomas 
Spackman,    M.D.,  physician  at  Worcester,    author  of 
a  treatise  on  the  cure  of  the  bite  of  mad  dogs,  1613. 
Thomas  Newhouse,    fellow,    author   of  controversial 
works  and  sermons,  flourished  1614.     Thomas  Drax, 
fellow,    author  of  a  commentary  upon  the   Romans, 


38  CHRIST'S  COLLEGE. 

the  Christian  Armorie,  and  other  works,  died  about 
1616.  Paul  Baines,  fellow,  preacher  at  Great  S. 
Andrew's,  Cambridge,  author  of  works  on  practical 
and  controversial  divinity,  died  1617.  Roger  Acroyd, 
archdeacon  of  the  West  Riding  of  York,  died  1617. 
Eusebius  Paget,  author  of  a  History  of  the  Bible, 
a  catechism,  and  sermons,  died  1617.  Ferdinando 
Pulton,  author  of  various  useful  works  on  the  statute 
law,  died  1617-8.  Thomas  Knight,  Chester  herald, 
died  1618.  Thomas  Jones,  archbishop  of  Dublin,  died 
1618.  James  Montagu,  bishop  of  Winchester,  died 
1618.  Francis  Johnson,  fellow,  preacher  of  the 
English  Independent  churches  at  Amsterdam  and 
Emden,  died  about  1618.  George  Gifford,  preacher 
at  Maiden  in  Essex,  a  voluminous  theological  writer, 
died  about  1620.  William  Morton,  fellow,  arch- 
deacon of  Durham,  died  1620.  Robert  Snowden, 
bishop  of  Carlisle,  died  1621.  Andrew  Willet,  D.D., 
fellow,  author  of  commentaries  on  scripture,  contro- 
versial and  other  works,  died  1621.  Robert  Hill, 
D.D.,  rector  of  S.  Bartholomew  by  the  Exchange, 
London,  author  of  an  exposition  on  the  Lord's 
Prayer,  and  a  Golden  Chaine  or  Description  of 
Theologie,  died  1623.  Edward  Elton,  author  of 
expositions  on  the  Colossians,  and  on  other  parts  of 
scripture,  died  1624.  Simon  Sturtevant,  author 
of  Adam's  Hebrew  Dictionary,  Metallica  or  a  treatise 
of  new  metallic  inventions,  and  other  works,  flourished 
1624.  William  Petty,  a  distinguished  traveller, 
flourished  1624.  Christopher  Hampton,  archbishop 
of  Armagh,  died  1624-5.  Francis  Herring,  M.D., 
author  of  professional  and  other  works,  flourished 


CHKIST'S  COLLEGE.  39 

1625.  Richard  Palmer,  M.D.,  president  of  the  college 
of  physicians,  died  1626.  Valentine  Carey,  master, 
bishop  of  Exeter,  died  1626.  Christopher  Lever, 
author  of  the  History  of  the  defenders  of  the  catholic 
faith  and  poetical  works,  flourished  1627.  John 
Willis,  rector  of  Little  Bentley,  Essex,  a  noted  writer  on 
stenography  and  mnemonics,  flourished  1628.  Sir 
Henry  Yelverton,  justice  of  the  common  pleas,  died 
1629-30.  Hierome  Beale,  D.D.,  master  of  Pembroke 
hall,  died  1630.  Gabriel  Harvey,  LL.D.,  poet  and  mis- 
cellaneous writer,  died  1630-1.  William  Hayne,  head- 
master of  Merchant  Taylor's  school,  died  about  1631. 
Arthur  Hildersharn,  a  divine  of  puritanical  principles 
and  exemplary  piety,  died  1631-2.  Thomas  Taylor, 
D.D.,  fellow,  pastor  of  S.  Mary  Aldermanbury,  London, 
author  of  numerous  sermons  and  theological  treatises, 
died  1632.  William  Ames,  D.D.,  fellow,  a  learned 
puritan  famous  for  his  casuistical  and  controversial 
writings,  died  1633.  Thomas  Morton,  fellow,  author 
of  a  commentary  on  the  Corinthians  and  other 
works,  died  about  1633.  George  Downham,  bishop 
of  Derry,  died  1634-5.  Richard  Clerk,  D.D.,  fellow, 
canon  of  Canterbury,  one  of  the  translators  of  the 
Bible,  died  1635.  Walter  Travers,  provost  of 
Trinity  college,  Dublin,  and  author  of  works  on 
church  government,  died  1636.  John  Richardson, 
D.D.,  dean  of  Hereford,  died  1636.  Edward  King, 
fellow,  a  young  man  of  great  parts,  a  friend  of 
the  poet  Milton,  drowned  1637.  William  Hawkins, 
an  elegant  latin  poet,  died  about  1637.  William 
Whately,  vicar  of  Banbury,  author  of  an  Exposi- 
tion 011  the  Commandments,  numerous  sermons  and 


40  CHRIST'S  COLLEGE. 

other  works,  died  1638.  Joseph  Mede,  fellow,  author 
of  Clavis  Apocalyptica  and  other  learned  works, 
died  1638.  Nathanael  Shute,  a  London  preacher  of 
extraordinary  repute,  died  1638.  Laurence  Chader- 
ton,  D.D.,  fellow,  the  first  master  of  Emmanuel 
college,  died  1640.  John  Kudd,  vicar  of  Sheephall, 
Hertfordshire,  a  noted  and  pious  puritan,  died  1640. 
Richard  Bernard,  rector  of  Batcombe,  Somersetshire, 
the  first  translator  of  Terence  into  english,  author  of 
Thesaurus  Biblicus  and  other  learned  works,  died  1641. 
Nicholas  Walker,  archdeacon  of  Stow,  died  1641. 
Henry  Montagu,  earl  of  Manchester,  lord-treasurer, 
died  1642.  Samuel  Ward,  D.D.,  master  of  Sidney 
college,  Regius  professor  of  divinity,  and  one  of  the 
translators  of  the  Bible,  died  1643.  Laurence  Ander- 
don,  Jesuit,  a  zealous  writer  for  the  church  of  Rome, 
died  1643.  John  Scot,  D.D.,  dean  of  York,  died  1644. 
Francis  Quarles,  poet,  died  1644.  John  Downham, 
author  of  The  Christian  Warfare,  a  Concordance  of 
the  Bible  and  other  learned  works,  died  1644.  William 
Bray,  D.D.,  fellow,  canon  of  Canterbury  and  S.  Paul's, 
and  vicar  of  S.  Martin' s-in-the-Fields,  London,  author 
of  a  sermon  on  the  Sacrament  of  the  Lord's  supper, 
died  1644.  Henry  Scudder,  author  of  A  Key  of 
Heaven  or  the  Lord's  Prayer  opened,  and  other 
works,  died  about  1646.  Walter  Curie,  bishop  of 
Winchester,  died  1647.  Othowell  Meverell,  M.D., 
president  of  the  college  of  physicians,  died  1648. 
William  Chappell,  fellow,  bishop  of  Cork  and  Ross, 
died  1649.  Samuel  Torshell,  author  of  learned 
theological  works,  flourished  1649.  John  Owen, 
bishop  of  S.  Asaph,  died  1651.  Daniel  Rogers, 


CHRIST'S  COLLEGE.  41 

author  of  David's  Cost,  a  Practical  Catechism,  and 
other  works,  died  1652.  John  Clark,  M.D.,  president 
of  the  college  of  physicians,  died  1653.  Thomas 
Wilson,  preacher  at  Maidstone,  one  of  the  assembly 
of  divines,  died  1653.  Samuel  Bolton,  D.D.,  master, 
one  of  the  assembly  of  divines,  died  1654.  Nicholas 
Estwick,  rector  of  Bottesford,  Leicestershire,  author  of 
sermons  and  theological  treatises,  died  1657.  Edward 
Topsell,  author  of  an  exposition  upon  Joel,  and 
works  on  natural  history,  flourished  1658.  Ezekiel 
Rogers,  a  celebrated  preacher  in  New  England,  died 
1660.  Samuel  Baker,  D.D.,  fellow,  canon  of  Canter- 
bury and  S.  Paul's,  an  assistant  in  the  Polyglot 
Bible,  died  about  1660.  Thomas  Smith,  university 
librarian,  one  of  the  assistants  in  the  Polyglot  Bible, 
died  1661.  Miles  Corbet,  sometime  chief  baron 
of  the  exchequer  in  Ireland,  executed  as  a  regi- 
cide 1662.  Sir  Thomas  Widdrington,  lord  com- 
missioner of  the  great  seal,  died  1664.  Robert  Gell, 
D.D.,  fellow,  rector  of  S.  Mary,  Aldermary,  author 
of  biblical  works  and  sermons,  died  1665.  Richard 
Heath,  ejected  minister  of  S.  Alkmund's,  Shrews- 
bury, an  assistant  in  the  Polyglot  Bible,  died  1666. 
Robert  Pory,  D.D.,  fellow,  archdeacon  of  Middlesex, 
died  1669.  George  Rust,  fellow,  bishop  of  Dromore, 
died  1670.  William  Brough,  D.D.,  dean  of  Gloucester, 
author  of  Meditations  and  Prayers  on  the  Feasts  and 
Fasts  of  the  Church,  died  1671.  Robert  Thoroton, 
M.D.,  author  of  the  Antiquities  of  Nottinghamshire, 
died  1672.  John  Shawe,  ejected  vicar  of  Hull,  author 
of  numerous  sermons,  died  1672.  Henry  Power,  M.D., 
fellow,  an  able  experimental  philosopher,  died  1673. 


42  CHKIST'S  COLLEGE. 

Sir  Geoffrey  Palmer,  attorney-general  to  Charles  II., 
and  author  of  Law  Reports,  died  1673.  John  Milton,(a) 
the  immortal  author  of  Paradise  Lost,  died  1674. 
Benjamin  Laney,  bishop  of  Ely,  died  1674-5.  Hum- 
phrey Henchman,  fellow,  bishop  of  London,  died 
1675.  Thomas  Eoss,  keeper  of  the  king's  libraries, 
author  of  the  History  of  the  Second  Punic  War, 
died  1675.  John  Lightfoot,  D.D.,  master  of  Catha- 
rine hall,  an  extraordinary  orientalist,  died  1675. 
Thomas  Wadsworth,  ejected  minister  of  Newing- 
ton,  a  man  of  exemplary  piety,  died  1676. 
Sir  Walter  Walker,  LL.D.,  judge  of  the  admi- 
ralty, died  about  1677.  Aylett  Sammes,  author  of 
Britannia  Antiqua  Illustrata,  died  1679.  William 
Outram,  D.D.,  fellow,  archdeacon  of  Leicester,  author 
of  De  Sacrificiis,  and  numerous  sermons,  died  1679. 
Denzil  Holies,  lord  Holies  of  Ifield,  a  noted  political 
character,  died  1679.  Sir  Thomas  Bendy  she,  ambas- 
sador to  Turkey,  died  about  1679.  Thomas  Good- 
win, D.D.,  president  of  Magdalen  college,  Oxford, 
one  of  the  assembly  of  divines  and  author  of  numerous 
theological  works,  died  1679-80.  Sir  John  Finch, 
M.D.,  fellow,  ambassador  to  Turkey,  died  1680.  Owen 
Stockton,  fellow  of  Caius  college,  a  pious  noncon- 
formist, author  of  various  works  printed  and  in  MS., 
died  1680.  Michael  Honywood,  D.D.,  fellow,  dean 
of  Lincoln,  a  celebrated  book  collector,  died  1681. 
Sir  Thomas  Baines,  M.D.,  fellow,  a  man  of  great  and 
varied  accomplishments,  died  1682.  Henry  More,  D.D., 

(a)  Ample  information  respecting  the  connexion  of  the  great  poet 
•with  this  college,  will  be  found  in  his  Life  by  David  Masson,  M.A.,  Pro- 
fessor of  English  Literature  in  University  College,  London. 


CHRIST'S  COLLEGE.  43 

fellow,  author  of  numerous  philosophical  works  of 
great  repute,  died  1687.  Ralph  Widdrington,  D.D., 
fellow,  public  orator,  Regius  professor  of  greek  and 
Margaret  professor  of  divinity,  died  1688.  Ralph 
Cud  worth,  D.D.,  master,  author  of  the  True  Intel- 
lectual System  of  the  Universe,  and  other  profound 
works,  died  1688.  Francis  Goldman,  rector  of  South 
Okenden,  Essex,  author  of  a  latin  dictionary,  died 
1689.  John  Dowel,  vicar  of  Melton  Mowbray,  a 
writer  against  Hobbes,  died  1690.  James  Arderne, 
D.D.,  dean  of  Chester,  died  1691.  Sir  Christopher 
Milton,  justice  of  the  Common  Pleas,  died  1692. 
Thomas  Otway,  bishop  of  Ossory,  died  1692-3. 
Henry  Atherton,  M.D.,  author  of  The  Christian 
Physician,  died  1694.  Henry  Hallywell,  fellow, 
vicar  of  Cowfield,  Sussex,  editor  of  bishop  Rust's 
Remains,  and  author  of  sermons,  controversial  and 
other  works,  nourished  1694.  Henry  Pendlebury, 
ejected  minister  of  Holcomb,  Lancashire,  author 
of  treatises  on  Transubstantiation  and  the  Sacrifice 
of  the  Mass,  Sermons,  and  other  works,  died  1695. 
Robert  Gouge,  author  of  The  Faith  of  Dying  Jacob, 
died  about  1696.  Samuel  Ogden,  ejected  vicar 
of  Mackworth,  Derbyshire,  a  general  scholar  and 
great  linguist,  died  1697.  Richard  Frankland,  a 
writer  against  socinianism,  died  1698. 

Robert  Pepper,  LL.D.,  chancellor  of  Norwich,  died 
1700.  John  Milner,  author  of  the  Church  History  of 
Palestine  and  various  critical  and  controversial  works, 
died  1702.  John  Luke,  D.D.,  fellow,  professor  of 
arabic,  died  1702.  Joseph  Sedgwick,  fellow,  pre- 
bendary of  Lincoln,  author  of  works  in  defence  of 


44  CHRIST'S  COLLEGE. 

a  learned  ministry,  died  1702.  Michael  Altham, 
author  of  a  Discourse  on  the  Lord's  Supper  and 
controversial  works,  died  1704.  Thomas  Plume, 
D.D.,  archdeacon  of  Rochester,  and  founder  of  the 
Plumian  professorship,  died  1704.  John  Howe,  a 
learned  dissenting  minister,  author  of  many  able 
works,  died  1705.  Henry  Ullocke,  D.D.,  dean  of 
Rochester,  died  1706.  Edward  Leedes,  head-master 
of  the  grammar  school,  Bury  S.  Edmunds,  died  1707. 
John  Sharp,  archbishop  of  York,  died  1713-14. 
Thomas  Burnet,  D.D.,  master  of  Charterhouse,  author 
of  Telluris  Theoria  Sacra  and  other  learned  works, 
died  1715.  Erasmus  Warren,  rector  of  Worlington, 
Suffolk,  author  of  Greologia,  or  a  discourse  concern- 
ing the  earth  before  the  deluge,  and  of  sermons, 
died  1718.  James  Brome,  rector  of  Cheriton,  Kent, 
an  able  antiquary,  author  of  sermons  and  travels  in 
England,  Scotland  and  Wales,  died  1719.  John 
Covel,  D.D.,  master,  author  of  an  account  of  the 
Greek  Church,  died  1722.  Thomas  Lynford,  D.D., 
fellow,  archdeacon  of  Barnstaple,  and  canon  of 
Westminster,  a  writer  against  popery,  died  1724. 
Shadrach  Cooke,  a  noted  nonjuror,  died  1724.  John 
Sturges,  archdeacon  of  Huntingdon,  died  1725. 
Nicholas  Clagett,  D.D.,  archdeacon  of  Sudbury,  author 
of  several  able  works,  died  1726-7.  Henry  Finch, 
fellow,  dean  of  York,  died  1728.  Joshua  Oldfield, 
D.D.,  a  pious  presbyterian  divine,  anthor  of  several 
sermons,  and  an  essay  on  the  improvement  of  human 
reason,  died  1729.  William  Rutty,  M.D.,  author  of 
several  medical  works,  died  1730.  Laurence  Echard, 
archdeacon  of  Stow,  author  of  a  history  of  England, 


CHRIST'S  COLLEGE.  45 

died  1730.  Robert  Raymond,  lord  Raymond,  chief- 
justice  of  the  King's  Bench,  died  1732.  Edward 
Strother,  M.D.,  author  of  an  essay  on  fevers  and  other 
professional  publications,  flourished  1732.  John 
Richardson,  archdeacon  of  Cleveland,  died  1735. 
Edward  Finch,  fellow,  M.P.  for  the  university,  died 
1737.  Nicholas  Saunderson,  LL.D.,  Lucasian  professor 
author  of  the  Elements  of  Algebra  and  a  work  on 
Fluxions,  died  1739.  Christopher  Clarke,  arch- 
deacon of  Norwich,  died  1742.  Thomas  Cartwright, 
D.D.,  fellow,  archdeacon  of  Colchester,  died  1749. 
Bryan  Robinson  M.D.,  author  of  a  treatise  on  animal 
ceconomy  and  other  works,  flourished  1750.  William 
Ward,  LL.D.,  chancellor  of  the  diocese  of  York,  died 
1751.  Mathew  Hutton,  fellow,  archbishop  of  Canter- 
bury, died  1758.  Thomas  Chapman,  D.D.,  fellow, 
master  of  Magdalen  college,  and  author  of  an  essay  on 
the  Roman  Senate,  died  1760.  William  Grimshaw, 
the  exemplary  and  pious  minister  of  Haworth,  near 
Bradford,  died  1763.  Cox  Macro,  D.D.,  a  learned 
antiquary,  died  1767.  Kennet  Gibson,  curate  of 
Caster,  Northamptonshire,  author  of  a  Commentary 
upon  part  of  the  Itinerary  of  Antoninus,  died  1772. 
Charles  Maynard,  viscount  Maynard,  a  munificent 
benefactor  to  the  university  botanic  garden,  died  1775. 
Thomas  Wilson,  D.D.,  dean  of  Carlisle,  died  1778. 
John  Cookson,  M.D.,  an  able  physician  at  Wakefield, 
died  1779.  Hugh  Thomas,  D.D.,  master,  dean  of  Ely 
and  archdeacon  of  Nottingham,  died  1780.  Frederick 
Cornwallis,  archbishop  of  Canterbury,  died  1783. 
Thomas  Adams,  rector  of  Wintringham,  Lincolnshire, 
author  of  sermons  and  other  excellent  works,  died 


46  CHRIST'S  COLLEGE. 

1784.  Thomas  Robinson,  lord  Grantham,  successively 
ambassador  to  Spain,  first  lord  of  trade  and  secretary 
of  state  for  foreign  affairs,  died  1786.  Edmund  Law, 
bishop  of  Carlisle,  died  1787.  William  Backhouse, 
D.D.,  fellow,  archdeacon  of  Canterbury,  died  1788. 
Joshua  Wigley,  D.D.,  fellow,  a  great  biblical  scholar, 
died  1790.  Francis  Wanley,  D.D.,  fellow,  dean  of 
Ripon,  died  1791.  Ralph  Verney,  earl  Yerney,  a 
celebrated  politician,  died  1791.  John  Hobart,  earl  of 
Buckinghamshire,  successively  ambassador  to  Russia, 
and  lord  lieutenant  of  Ireland,  died  1793.  Stephen 
Greenaway,  author  of  a  translation  of  Ecclesiastes  and 
other  works,  died  1795.  Anthony  Shepherd,  D.D., 
fellow,  Plumian  professor  of  astronomy,  died  1796. 
Robert  Merry,  author  of  various  poems  and  dramas, 
died  1798.  Adam  Wall,  fellow,  editor  of  the  uni- 
versity statutes,  and  author  of  collections  relative  to 
this  college,  died  1798.  John  Randall,  MUS.D., 
professor  of  music,  and  a  skilful  composer,  died  1799. 
Joah  Bates,  fellow  of  King's  college,  a  celebrated 
musical  composer,  died  1799. 

Joseph  Dacre  Carlyle,  professor  of  arabic  and 
author  of  various  works  connected  with  oriental 
literature,  died  1803.  William  Paley,  D.D.,  fellow, 
archdeacon  of  Carlisle,  author  of  Horse  Paulinas,  and 
treatises  on  moral  philosophy  and  natural  theology, 
died  1805.  Beilby  Porteus,  fellow,  bishop  of  London, 
died  1809.  John  Law,  fellow,  bishop  of  Elphin,  died 
1811.  Joseph  Windham,  artist  and  antiquary,  died 
1810.  George  William  Lukin,  D.C.L.,  dean  of  Wells, 
died  1812.  Csesar  Morgan,  D.D.,  fellow,  canon  of  Ely, 
author  of  sermons,  poems,  and  essays,  died  1812. 


CHRIST'S  COLLEGE.  47 

Sir  Busick  Harwood,  M.D.,  professor  of  anatomy 
and  Downing  professor  of  medicine,  author  of  a 
system  of  comparative  anatomy  and  physiology, 
died  1814.  John  Fisher,  LL.D.,  fellow,  commis- 
sary of  the  university,  died  1814.  Smithson  Ten- 
ant, M.D.,  professor  of  chemistry,  author  of  many 
able  papers  on  scientific  subjects,  died  1815.  Thomas 
Haweis,  LL.D.,  an  active  promoter  of  missionary 
enterprise,  and  author  of  numerous  works,  died  1820. 
Robert  Banks  Jenkinson,  earl  of  Liverpool,  E.G.,  for 
many  years  prime  minister,  died  1828.  Thomas 
Parkinson,  fellow,  archdeacon  of  Leicester,  a  profound 
mathematician,  died  1830.  Henry  William  Majendie, 
fellow,  bishop  of  Bangor,  died  1830.  Sir  James  Hall, 
author  of  a  treatise  on  gothic  architecture,  and  of 
various  scientific  papers,  died  1832.  Sir  William 
Gell,  an  able  writer  on  classical  topography  and  anti- 
quities, died  1836.  John  Barlow  Scale,  D.D.,  fellow, 
author  of  an  analysis  of  greek  metres,  died  1838. 
William  Frend,  author  of  works  on  mathematics, 
politics,  finance,  and  theology,  died  1841.  Sir 
Gregory  Allnutt  Lewin,  author  of  Law  Reports,  died 
1845.  Henry  Louis  Hobart,  D.D.,  dean  of  Windsor, 
died  1845.  Basil  Montagu,  author  of  various  legal 
and  other  publications,  and  editor  of  lord  Bacon's 
works,  died  1851.  John  Kaye,  master,  bishop  of 
Lincoln,  died  1853.  Henry  Gunning,  author  of 
Reminiscences  of  Cambridge,  died  1854.  Lord 
Dudley  Coutts  Stuart,  the  ardent  and  indefatigable 
champion  of  the  independence  of  Poland,  died  1854. 
Ralph  Bernal,  celebrated  as  a  collector  of  works  of 
art,  died  1854.  Richard  Cattermole,  author  and 
compiler  of  numerous  publications,  died  1858. 


48  CHRIST'S  COLLEGE. 

THE  BUILDINGS. — The  west  front  of  the  college 
towards  S.  Andrew's  street  is  one  hundred  and  eighty- 
two  feet  in  length.  The  principal  entrance  is  by  a  low 
tower  gateway,  the  arch  of  which  is  surmounted  by 
the  arms,  supporters  and  badges  of  the  foundress 
boldly  executed.  Above  these  is  a  canopied  niche 
which  seems  to  have  been  never  occupied. 

The  west  front  was  new  cased  with  stone  in  the 
eighteenth  century  at  the  charge  of  Dr.  Thomas 
Lynford,  archdeacon  of  Barnstaple.  The  ancient 
character  of  the  structure  appears  to  have  greatly 
suffered  by  this  change. 

An  alteration  of  a  similar  nature  was  made  in 
the  same  century  in  the  interior  of  the  principal 
court.  The  mode  in  which  the  entrance  gateway 
has  been  modernised  is  very  singular. 

Behind  this  principal  court  is  a  smaller  one  called 
Tree  Court.  The  eastern  side,  known  as  the  new 
building,  was  erected  about  1642  by  a  general  con- 
tribution from  the  noblemen,  knights,  doctors,  and 
gentry  educated  at  the  college. (a)  It  is  a  handsome 
structure,  and  the  design  is  attributed  to  Inigo  Jones. 
On  the  south  is  a  commodious  edifice  in  the  gothic 
style,  erected  about  1822  in  the  room  of  an  older 
pile  which  was  parallel  to  the  new  building  for 
about  half  its  length. 

THE  CHAPEL. — James  Stanley,  bishop  of  Ely,  by 
an  instrument  dated  the  12th  of  December,  1506,  em- 

(a)  The  subscriptions  amounted  to  £2589.  17s.  2d.  An  alphabetical 
list  of  the  contributors  is  contained  in  the  MS.  in  the  college  library, 
marked  13.  4.  4.  Another  list  (apparently  not  so  complete),  in  which 
the  names  are  arranged  under  counties,  is  in  MS.,  Trin.  coll.,  Cantab., 
K.  7.  34. 


CHRIST'S  COLLEGE.  49 

powered  the  master,  fellows  and  scholars  to  celebrate 
divine  offices  in  the  chapel  within  this  college,  built 
by  the  foundress  and  solemnly  consecrated,  saving 
in  all  things  the  rights  and  immunities  of  the  mother 
church.  By  the  same  instrument  he  changed  the 
feast  of  the  parish  from  S.  Andrew's  day  to  Easter 
Sunday. 

William  Dowsing  thus  briefly  records  his  pro- 
ceedings at  this  college : 

Christs  Colledg.     Jan.  2.  1643. 

We  pulld  downe  divers  Pictures  &  Angells,  &  the  Steps 
D.  Bambridge^  promised  to  take  them  downe.  "  Orate  pro 
animabus"  on  the  brasen  Eagle. 

The  east  window  is  filled  with  ancient  painted 
glass  representing  the  crucifixion.  This  window  was 
formerly  occupied  with  the  portraits  in  stained  glass 
of  the  foundress,  her  father  and  mother,  her  son 
king  Henry  VII.,  and  her  husbands  the  earls  of 
Eichmond  and  Derby.  These  are  still  preserved, 
and  it  is  intended  to  place  them  in  other  windows 
of  the  chapel. 

The  altar-piece  represents  the  body  of  Christ 
taken  down  from  the  cross. 

There  is  a  fine  brass  eagle  lettern  of  ancient  date. 

Northward  of  the  altar  is  an  organ  now  disused. 
The  carving  is  particularly  bold  and  good. 

The  stalls  of  the  master  and  vice-master  are 
handsome,  although  not  in  unison  with  the  ancient 
character  of  the  structure. 

To  the  north  of  the  east  window  is  a  tablet   to 

(a)  Thomas  Baynbrigge,  D.D,,  master,  1620-45. 
VOL.   II.  E 


50  CHRIST'S  COLLEGE. 

the  memory  of  Joseph  Cook,  M.A.,  fellow,  who 
died  the  3rd  of  March,  1825,  set.  35 ;  and  to  the 
south  an  inscription  commemorative  of  Joseph  Mede, 
B.D.,  fellow;  Henry  More,  D.D.,  fellow,  and  Ralph 
Cudworth,  D.D.,  master. 

Within  the  altar  rails  is  a  fine  brass  with  effigy 
for  Edward  Hawford,  D.D.,  master  [14  Feb.  1581-2.] 
There  are  also  slabs  with  inscriptions  for  Ralph 
Cudworth,  master,  about  thirty-four  years  Hebrew 
professor  and  prebendary  of  Gloucester,  who  died 
26  June,  1688,  set.  71 ;  and  Ralph  Widdrington, 
D.D.,  fellow,  public  orator  and  lady  Margaret  pro- 
fessor of  divinity  [1688.] 

On  the  north  side  near  the  altar  is  an  elaborate 
marble  monument  to  the  memory  of  sir  John  Finch, 
M.D.,  who  died  at  Constantinople,  5th  of  September, 
1680,  set.  59,  and  sir  John  Baines,  M.D.,  who  died 
at  London,  18th  of  November,  1682,  set.  61.  The 
latin  inscription  was  written  by  their  tutor  Henry 
More,  D.D.,  fellow.  There  are  boldly  carved  medal- 
lions of  the  deceased.  The  sculptor  was  Joseph 
Catterne  of  London. 

An  ancient  full  length  portrait  of  the  foundress 
is  placed  at  the  west  end. 

In  the  ante-chapel  is  a  brass  with  effigies,  com- 
memorative of  Thomas  Fowler,  esq.,  gentleman  usher 
of  the  chamber  to  king  Edward  IV.  and  Edith  his 
wife,  gentlewoman  to  the  princess  Margaret,  countess 
of  Richmond,  mother  to  king  Henry  VII.  There 
are  also  slabs  with  inscriptions  for  Thomas  Standish, 
senior  fellow,  5  May,  1714,  set.  83 ;  John  Covel,  D.D., 
master  and  chancellor  of  the  church  of  York,  19 


CHRIST'S  COLLEGE.  51 

Dec.  1722,  set.  85 ;  Hugh  Thomas,  D.D.,  dean  of 
Ely  and  master  of  this  college,  11  July,  1780,  set.  75 ; 
John  Barker,  D.D.,  master,  18  Feb.  1808,  set.  82, 
and  Hannah  his  wife,  20  Feb.  1808,  set.  76 ;  Beaupre 
Philip  Bell,  M.A.,  fellow,  11  cal.  Dec.  1821,  aet.  26; 
Edward,  infant  son  of  John  Graham,  D.D.,  master, 
and  Charlotte  his  wife,  13  April,  1842,  and  Robert 
their  son,  born  24  Dec.  1842,  died  10  March,  1843 ; 
Richard  Burney,  esq.,  sometime  fellow  commoner, 
and  a  benefactor  to  the  university  and  college,  30 
Nov.  1845,  set.  50 ;  and  George  Howson,  M.A.,  fellow, 
born  18  May,  1825,  died  1  Dec,  1852. 

THE  LIBRARY  is  situate  on  the  western  side  of  the 
principal  court.  There  are  two  apartments,  one  on 
the  ground  floor,  and  the  other  over  it. 

The  number  of  books  is  about  9,000. 

In  the  lower  library  is  a  print  and  bust  of  the 
rev.  Peter  Fraser,  rector  of  Kegworth,  sometime 
fellow,  who  was  a  most  liberal  benefactor. 

A  fine  copy  of  Robert  Stephens's  Greek  Testament, 
Paris  1550,  contains  a  few  notes  by  the  great  hebrew 
scholar  Hugh  Broughton.  It  was  given  by  the 
learned  Joseph  Mede  to  sir  William  Boswell,  ambas- 
sador to  the  states  general,  who  after  Mr.  Mede's  death 
presented  it  to  the  college. 

There  is  also  a  noble  book  bound  in  hogskin, 
with  gilt  clasps  and  bosses  highly  ornamented,  and 
with  the  arms  of  the  countess  of  Richmond,  the 
foundress,  on  each  of  the  sides.  It  is  of  vellum 
and  was  probably  intended  for  a  register,  but  it  has 
never  been  written  upon.  It  appears  to  be  coeval 
with  the  foundation  of  the  college. 

E2 


52  CHRIST'S  COLLEGE. 

THE  HALL,  a  neat  structure  of  moderate  size, 
occupies  part  of  the  eastern  side  of  the  principal 
court. 

At  the  northern  end  is  a  portrait  of  the  foundress 
kneeling.  Over  this  are  her  arms  with  supporters 
and  crest,  finely  carved  and  properly  coloured  and 
gilt. 

THE  COMBINATION  KOOM,  which  is  in  the  south 
eastern  angle  of  the  principal  court,  contains  portraits 
of  Dr.  Paley,  Dr.  Covel  master,  Dr.  Lynford,  Dr. 
Kaye  bishop  of  Lincoln,  and  John  Milton.  There 
are  also  engravings  of  Dr.  Paley,  Dr.  Cudworth, 
Dr.  Saunderson,  bishop  Kaye,  bishop  Porteus, 
Milton,  Luther,  Newman  Knollys,  esq.,  recorder  of 
London,  and  a  silhouette  portrait  of  Adam  Wall, 
fellow. 

THE  MASTER'S  LODGE,  situate  between  the  chapel 
and  the  hall,  contains  a  fine  painting  of  Dr.  Covel 
by  sir  Peter  Lely;  and  portraits  of  Dr.  Cudworth, 
master ;  Dr.  Bolton,  master ;  and  William  Perkins, 
fellow. 

THE  FELLOWS'  GARDEN  eastward  of  the  new 
building  occupies  above  three  acres,  beautifully  laid 
out.(a) 

There  is  a  remarkable  point  of  view  on  the  south 
eastern  side  of  the  garden  at  the  right  hand  of  the 
bowling-green.  It  represents  in  succession  the  spire 
of  Trinity  church,  the  tower  of  Great  S.  Mary's, 
and  King's  college  chapel,  the  whole  displaying  a 
panorama  embraced  in  a  beautiful  framework  of 

(a)   See  a  paper  on  this  garden  by  the  rev.  James  Hildyard,  M.A.,  late 
fellow,  and  now  rector  of  Ingoldsby,  in  the  Cambridge  Portfolio,  411. 


CHRIST'S  COLLEGE. 


THE   BATH    IN    CHRIST  8    COLLEGE    GARDEN. 


foliage,  such  as  Nature  rarely  furnishes  even  to  one 
of  her  choicest  pictures. 

The  principal  object  of  attraction  however  is  a 
mulberry  tree,(a)  which  according  to  tradition  was 
planted  by  John  Milton  during  his  residence  at 
this  college. (6) 

The  fact  that  it  was  planted  by  the  great  poet  has 
been  religiously  handed  down  from  his  own  time,  in 
one  unvarying  tradition  amongst  the  fellows  of  the 
college.  This  memorable  and  ancient  tree,  which 
stands  on  a  small  grass-plot  at  the  extremity  of  the 

(a)  A  paper  on  Milton's  Mulberry  Tree  by  the  rev.  Charles  Lesingham 
Smith,  M.A.,  late  fellow  and  now  rector  of  Little  Caniield,  is  in  the  Cam- 
bridge Portfolio,  207. 

(b)  He  was  admitted    a  pensioner  12th  Feb.,    1624-5,   proceeded  H..Y. 
1028-9,  and  commenced  M.A.  1632. 


54  CHKIST'S  COLLEGE. 

garden,  has  been  preserved  with  the  greatest  care, 
the  stem,  portions  of  which  are  encrusted  with  a 
covering  of  sheet  lead,  is  banked  up  with  a  mound  of 
earth  covered  with  grass,  and  the  branches  are  sup- 
ported by  strong  props.  It  has  weathered  many 
a  tempest.  Every  spring  it  puts  forth  its  leaves  in 
all  the  vigour  of  youth,  and  in  autumn  nothing  of 
the  kind  can  be  more  delicious  than  its  fruit.  It  is 
a  living  proof  of  that  paradox  of  the  botanists,  that 
plants  never  die  of  old  age. 

Adjoining  a  remarkably  pleasant  and  commodious 
summer-house  is  a  large  open  swimming  bath. 
Opposite  to  the  summer-house  are  busts  of  Milton, 
Cudworth,  and  Saunderson,  and  on  one  side  of  the 
bath  is  an  ornamental  urn,  standing  on  a  pedestal 
inscribed  to  the  memory  of  Joseph  Mede. 

FELLOWSHIPS  AND  SCHOLARSHIPS. — There  are  fifteen 
fellowships,  and  fifty-four  scholarships  besides  ex- 
hibitions. 

The  fellows  on  the  foundation  of  sir  John  Finch 
and  sir  Thomas  Baines  have  distinct  revenues, 
but  are  entitled  to  participate  in  the  ecclesiastical 
patronage  of  the  college. 

On  queen  Elizabeth's  visit  to  the  university  in 
August,  1564,  the  society  consisted  of  the  master, 
eleven  fellows  (of  whom  five  were  only  B.A.),  forty- 
two  scholars  (seven  of  whom  were  B.A.),  eight  pen- 
sioners in  fellows  commons,  fifty-one  pensioners  in 
scholars  commons,  and  twenty-three  sizars,  making 
a  total  of  one  hundred  and  thirty-six. 

Dr.  Caius,  referring  to  1573,  states  that  there  were 
the  master,  thirteen  fellows,  fifty-three  scholars,  and 


CHRIST'S  COLLEGE.  55 

fifty-one  pensioners,  in   all   one   hundred   and  fifty- 
seven. 

In  1621,  there  were  the  master,  thirteen  fellows, 
and  fifty-five  scholars,  these  together  with  the 
students  making  a  total  of  two  hundred  and  sixty- 
five. 

In  August,  1641,  one  hundred  and  sixty-three 
members  of  this  college  contributed  £16.  17 s.  Qd.  to 
a  poll-tax. 

In  1672,  there  were  the  master,  thirteen  fellows, 
and  fifty-five  scholars,  besides  officers  and  servants  of 
the  foundation,  with  other  students,  the  whole  being 
two  hundred  and  six. 

Edmund  Carter,  in  his  history  of  the  university, 
published  1753,  states  that  the  society  consisted  of 
the  master,  fifteen  fellows,  and  fifty-four  scholars, 
and  that  the  number  of  all  sorts  was  usually  about 
sixty. 

PLATE. — The  college  possesses  several  elegant 
articles  of  plate,  which  were  the  property  of  the 
foundress.  There  are  two  cups  silver  gilt.  One 
called  the  audit  cup  which  contains  a  quart,  weighs 
42 oz.  lOdwt.  Another  containing  a  pint,  weighs 
30  oz.  On  each  of  them  are  enamelled  the  arms  of 
Humphrey,  duke  of  Gloucester,  who  died  in  1446, 
impaling  those  of  his  last  wife,  Eleanor  Cobham. 
Two  salts  with  covers  are  particularly  interesting 
specimens  of  the  period  of  the  foundress.  Although 
alike  in  general  character  they  are  not  a  pair. 
One  is  embellished  with  the  royal  rose  frequently 
repeated.(a)  The  other  is  ornamented  not  only  with 

(a)   Engraved  in  the  rev.  J.  J.  Smith's  Specimens  of  College  Plate. 


56  CHRIST'S  COLLEGE. 

the  rose  of  England,  but  also  with  the  fleur-de-lis  of 
France,  and  the  portcullis  of  Beaufort. (a)  There  are 
also  a  set  of  apostle  spoons  and  a  mug. 

PATRONAGE. — The  rectory  of  Toft,  the  vicarages 
of  Bourn  and  Caldecot,  and  the  perpetual  curacy  of 
Fendrayton  in  Cambridgeshire ;  the  rectory  of  Little 
Canfield  in  Essex;  the  rectory  of  Anstye  in  Hert- 
fordshire ;  the  rectory  of  Kegworth  in  Leicestershire ; 
the  rectories  of  Ingoldsby  and  Naumby  in  Lincoln- 
shire ;  the  rectories  of  Brisley  and  Burnham  S.  Mary, 
the  vicarages  of  Croxton  All  Saints,  and  Gately,  and 
the  perpetual  curacy  of  Hapton  in  Norfolk ;  the 
rectory  of  Clipston  in  Northamptonshire  ;  the  vicarage 
of  Manerbier  in  Pembrokeshire;  the  rectory  of 
Moulton  in  Suffolk ;  and  the  rectory  of  Elmley  Lovett 
in  Worcestershire. 

(a)  Engraved  in  Choice  Examples  of  Art  Workmanship,  selected  from 
the  Exhibition  of  ancient  and  mediaeval  art  at  the  Society  of  Arts,  also  in 
Gent.  Mag.  N.  S.  xxxv.  174. 


THE    OLD    BKIDGE,    8.    JOHN  8    COLLEGE. 


S.  JOHN'S  COLLEGE. 

IN  point  of  importance  this  is  the  second  col- 
legiate institution  in  Cambridge,  but  before  we 
proceed  to  narrate  its  foundation  we  must  give 
an  account  of  the  ancient  hospital  of  S.  John  the 
Evangelist,  which  stood  on  the  same  spot.(a) 

(a)  In  the  compilation  of  our  notice  of  this  college  and  the  hospital  of 
S.  John  we  have  been  much  indebted  to  the  following  works : — 

(1)  A   Succinct  and  Impartial  Account   of  St.  John's   House  and  St. 
John's  College  with  some  occasional,  and  incidental  Account  of  the  Affairs 
of  the  University  and  of  such  private  Colleges,  as  held  Communications  or 
Intercourse  with  the  old  College  or  House,  collected  principally  by  a  Mem- 
ber of  the  College  [the  rev.  Thomas  Baker,  B.D.,  fellow,]  Ann.  1707.  MS. 

(2)  The   Funeral   Sermon  of  Margaret,   Countess   of   Richmond  and 
Derby,  mother  to  king  Henry  VII. ,  and  foundress  of  Christ's  and   St. 
John's  college  in  Cambridge,  preached  by  bishop  Fisher  in  1509,  with 


58  g.  JOHN'S  COLLEGE. 

S.  JOHN'S  HOSPITAL. — Henry  Frost, (0)  also  called 
Eldcorn,  a  burgess  of  Cambridge,  founded  at  a 
remote  period,  and  as  it  is  supposed  in  the  reign 
of  Henry  II.,  on  a  poor  and  waste  place,  granted 
him  by  the  commonalty  of  the  town,  a  small  hos- 
pital for  the  reception  of  poor,  infirm,  and  sick 
persons.  Soon  afterwards  religious  brethren  who 
were  subject  to  the  rule  of  S.  Augustine,  were  in- 
troduced into  the  hospital  which  was  dedicated  to 
S.  John  the  Evangelist. 

Before  1194  Henry,  the  son  of  Segar,  gave  to 
this  hospital  the  church  of  S.  Peter  (now  called 
S.  Mary  the  Less). 

Hervey,  the  son  of  Eustace  Dunning,  granted  to 
Anthony  master  of  this  hospital  and  the  brethren 
seven  acres  of  land  in  Chesterton,  to  sustain  two 
beds  and  bed-clothes  for  the  use  of  the  sick  in  the 
stone  house  of  the  hospital.  Moreover  he  gave  an 
acre  of  land  in  Cambridge  for  the  sustentation  of 
a  lamp  at  night  before  the  sick. 

Baker's  preface  to  the  same,  containing  some  further  account  of  her 
charities  and  foundations,  together  with  a  catalogue  of  her  professors  both 
at  Cambridge  and  Oxford,  and  of  her  preachers  at  Cambridge.  Edited  by 
J.  Hymers,  B.D.,  fellow  of  S.  John's  college.  With  illustrative  notes, 
additions,  and  an  appendix.  Camb.  12mo.  1810. 

(3)  Early  Statutes  of  the  College  of  St.  John  the  Evangelist  in  the 
university  of  Cambridge.  Now  first  edited,  with  notes,  by  J.  E.  B.  Mayor, 
M.A.,  fellow  of  the  college.  Camb.  8vo.  1859. 

(a)  Mr.  Baker  has  the  following  notes : — "  It  seems  the  Frosts  were 
an  antient  as  well  as  charitable  Family  in  Cambridge,  for  not  long  after 
this  [the  foundation  of  the  hospital]  at  or  before  the  Time  of  Hugh  prior 
contemporary  with  Eustachius,  bishop  of  Ely,  one  Robert  Frost  gave  a 
Messuage  of  his  in  Cambridge  to  that  Priory.  See  an  antient  Chartulary 
of  the  Priory  of  Ely,  page  213." — "  Henry  Frost  ought  never  to  be  forgot, 
who  gave  birth  first  to  so  noted  a  Seat  of  Religion,  and  afterwards  to  one 
of  the  most  renowned  Seats  of  Learning  now  in  Europe." 


s.  JOHN'S  COLLEGE.  59 

Eustace,  bishop  of  Ely  (1197-1215),  appropriated 
to  the  hospital  the  rectory  of  Horningsey,  reserving 
£5  per  annum  for  the  endowment  of  a  vicarage, 
in  the  patronage  of  himself  and  his  successors.  He 
likewise  appropriated  to  the  hospital  the  church  of 
S.  Peter, (a)  and  that  the  brethren  might  not  want 
firing  he  gave  them  two  ships  or  boats  to  fetch  turf 
from  the  marshes  of  Ely  to  keep  them  warm. 

By  an  instrument  without  date  (but  which  from 
the  names  and  offices  of  the  attesting  witnesses  may 
with  good  reason  be  assigned  to  about  the  year  1208) 
the  bishop  made  an  ordinance  that  the  master  on 
his  appointment  should  swear  before  the  bishop  or 
his  official  not  to  receive  the  parishioners  of  All 
Saints  to  any  ecclesiastical  sacraments  or  any  obla- 
tions, to  the  damage  and  prejudice  of  the  church 
of  All  Saints ;  and  that  he  would,  so  far  as  should 
pertain  to  his  hospital,  keep  that  church  harmless 
and  undamaged.  The  prioress  and  convent  of  S. 
Rhadegund  thereupon  before  the  bishop  granted  to 
the  hospital  and  the  brethren  there  serving  God, 
free  and  pure  chantry  in  the  hospital  for  ever, 
also  free  sepulchre  where  they  willed  and  should 
choose.  To  recompence  the  nuns  certain  persons 
gave  them  rents  amounting  to  three  shillings  per 
annum. 

Robert  de  Mortimer,  in  or  soon  after  the  reign 
of  king  John,  gave  to  the  hospital  a  carrucate  of  land 
in  Cambridge.  The  following  early  donations  may 
be  also  specified :  sir  William  de  Mortimer  gave  an 

(a)  Afterwards  called  S.  Peter  by  Trumpington  gates,  and  now  S.  Mary 
the  Less. 


60  s.  JOHN'S  COLLEGE. 

acre  of  land  in  Kingston ;  Eustace,  the  son  of  Hervey 
Dunning,  granted  lands  in  Madingley  and  Cam- 
bridge, in  return  for  which  the  master  and  brethren 
engaged  to  find  a  chaplain  from  among  the  reli- 
gious of  the  hospital  to  celebrate  therein  for  the  souls 
of  the  grantor,  his  father  and  mother,  their  ances- 
tors and  successors,  and  of  all  the  faithful  departed ; 
Anthony,  the  chaplain  of  Stockton,  gave  two  acres 
of  land  in  the  field  of  Cambridge ;  Geoffrey  Blan- 
gernum,  gave  a  messuage  without  the  ditch  of 
Cambridge  in  the  parish  of  S.  Giles  near  the  way 
leading  to  Saint  Neots,  eight  acres  of  land  in  Cam- 
bridge and  one  acre  of  land  in  Binnebroc ;  Nicholas 
le  Barker  gave  a  messuage  in  Newnham;  Geoffrey 
Prat  of  Ely,  gave  an  acre  and  a  half  in  the  fields  of 
Cambridge,  and  one  acre  in  Barnwell ;  Bartholomew, 
the  dean,  gave  two  houses  in  the  parish  of  S. 
Botolph;  Nicholas  de  Hemingford  gave  two  acres 
of  land  in  the  field  of  Cambridge ;  Maurice  Run0 
gave  fifteen  acres  of  land  in  the  fields  of  Cambridge ; 
Eustace  de  Winepol  gave  a  shop  in  the  market  of 
Cambridge ;  Michael,  the  clerk  of  Huntingdon,  gave 
eight  acres  of  land  in  the  fields  of  Cambridge ;  Peter, 
the  son  of  Richard  de  Newnham,  chaplain,  gave 
three  acres  of  land  in  Newnham ;  Gilbert  Pistor  gave 
half  an  acre  of  land  in  the  Crofts  of  Newnham ; 
Giles  de  Perles  gave  thirty  acres  of  land  in  Grant- 
chester. 

Pope    Innocent  IV.,  8  id.  Oct.   1250,  granted  a 
bull  of  privileges  to  this  hospital. 

It  was  probably  in  or  before  1254  that  William 
Toylet   founded  a  chantry  in  the  chapel  of  S.  Mary 


s.  JOHN'S  COLLEGE.  61 

within  the  church  of  S.  Sepulchre,  the  duty  whereof 
was  to  be  discharged  by  one  of  the  brethren  of  this 
hospital,  for  which  he  gave  to  the  house  fourteen 
acres  of  land  in  the  fields  of  Cambridge,  and  two 
houses  in  the  parish  of  S.  Sepulchre. 

The  burgesses  of  the  town  appear  to  have  ap- 
pointed the  master  of  the  hospital  until  the  time  of 
Hugh  de  Northwold  bishop  of  Ely  (1229-54).  That 
prelate  and  his  successors  assumed  the  power  of  ap- 
pointment. This  led  to  complaints  and  litigation, 
but  the  right  was  eventually  acknowledged  to  be 
in  the  bishops  of  Ely. 

Hugh  de  Balsham  bishop  of  Ely  in  1267  granted 
to  the  hospital  the  vicarage  of  Horningsey.(a) 

On  the  morrow  of  S.  James  the  Apostle,  3  Edw.  I. 
[1275]  an  inquisition  was  taken  at  Royston  in  an 
action  by  Eleanor  the  queen  dowager,  against  bishop 
de  Balsham,  touching  the  right  of  presenting  to 
the  mastership  of  this  hospital. 

At  the  general  survey  7  Edw.  I.  [1278  or  1279], 
the  hospital  had  lands  and  rents  in  Cambridge, 
Barnwell,  Newnham,  Grantchester,  Horningsey, 
Madingley,  Eltisley,  Bourn,  Kingston,  Caldecot, 
Toft,  Hardwick,  and  Stow  with  Hatley,  in  Cam- 
bridgeshire. 

We   have   already  referred(6)  to  the   unsuccessful 


(a)  This  grant  involved  the  brethren  in  trouble  and  expence,  for  the 
archbishop   of    Canterbury  in   his  metropolitical    visitation    instituted  a 
perpetual  vicar,   one   Reginald   de  Lemma,   who   could    not    be    ejected 
without  appealing  to  pope   Nicholas  III.  (1277-80),  who  upon  a  hearing 
by    liis  delegate  the  prior  of  Huntingdon,  adjudged  the   vicarage  to  the 
hospital. 

(b)  Vol.  i.  3—5. 


62  s.  JOHN'S  COLLEGE. 

attempt  of  bishop  de  Balsham  to  engraft  secular 
scholars  on  this  foundation. 

Edward  I.  in  the  21st  year  of  his  reign,  granted 
on  the  petition  of  the  university  that  all  victuals 
forfeited  by  regrators,  should  be  assigned  to  this 
hospital  for  the  sustentation  of  poor  scholars  and 
infirm  people. 

In  1312  the  master  of  this  hospital  was  charged 
in  respect  of  moveables  and  rents  £2  to  at  allage  of 
a  fifteenth  of  moveables  and  a  tenth  of  rents.  In 
the  record  the  hospital  is  erroneously  called  the 
hospital  of  S.  John  Baptist. 

John  Hotham,  bishop  of  Ely,  by  an  instrument 
dated  at  Somersham  4th  Jan.  1332-3,  made  a  statute 
or  ordinance  concerning  the  election  of  a  master 
of  the  hospital.  He  left  to  the  brethren  free  choice 
of  a  fit  person  being  one  of  their  own  body,  or  in 
default  of  such  one  of  the  brethren  of  the  hospital 
of  S.  John  at  Ely.(0)  The  confirmation  to  be  always 
in  the  bishop  or  his  successors. 

The  determination  which  had  been  made  by 
bishop  de  Balsham  as  to  the  division  of  revenues 
between  the  brethren  of  this  hospital  and  the  scho- 
lars of  Peterhouse  was  not  deemed  satisfactory  by 
the  brethren.  By  instruments  dated  10  cal.  May, 
1339,  Roger  de  Goter,  master,  and  fourteen  fellows 
of  S.  Peter's  college,  and  Alexander  de  Ixninge, 
master,  and  five  brethren  of  this  house,  agreed  to 

(a)  By  an  indenture  dated  1343,  the  brethren  of  the  hospitals  of  S.  John 
at  Cambridge  and  Ely,  obliged  themselves  and  their  successors  for  ever, 
that  whenever  any  brother  of  either  house  should  depart  this  life,  every 
brother  of  the  other  house  then  surviving,  if  a  priest,  should  within  twenty 
days  after  his  death  repeat  thirty  paternosters  for  his  soul. 


s.  JOHN'S  COLLEGE.  63 

abide  the  decision  of  Simon  de  Montaeute,  then 
bishop  of  Ely.  On  10th  July,  1340,  that  prelate 
decreed  that  S.  Peter's  church  should  continue  in 
the  possession  of  the  college,  who  however  were, 
as  compensation,  to  pay  to  the  hospital  twenty 
shillings  annually. 

In  1340  the  master  of  the  hospital  was  charged 
£9  to  a  tax  voted  by  parliament  of  the  ninth  part 
of  goods  and  chattels  in  cities  and  boroughs. 

King  Edward  III.  in  the  21st  and  36th  years  of 
his  reign,  granted  licences  to  the  hospital  to  hold 
lands  in  mortmain.  Under  these  licences  were  ac- 
quired lands  at  Clavering  and  Langley  in  Essex. 

Under  a  licence  granted  by  Richard  II.  in  the 
16th  year  of  his  reign,  the  hospital  acquired  lands 
in  Cambridge,  Coton,  and  Chesterton,  for  the  support 
of  a  chantry  in  the  church  of  S.  Botolph,  to  be  served 
by  one  of  the  brethren  of  this  house  for  the  soul 
of  sir  John  Morice,  knight,  and  his  relatives. 

This  house  was  visited  by  commission  from  arch- 
bishop Arundel,  19th  September,  1401.  The  visitation 
is  stated  to  have  taken  place  in  the  church  of  the 
hospital. 

In  the  reigns  of  Edward  IV.  and  Richard  III. 
the  hospital  obtained  additional  endowments  at  Ash- 
well  in  Hertfordshire,  and  Bradley  in  Suffolk. 

During  the  period  Thomas  Rotheram,  bishop  of 
Lincoln  and  keeper  of  the  privy  seal,  held  the  office 
of  chancellor  of  the  university,  the  house  was  ad- 
mitted to  all  the  privileges  of  that  body  by  ah 
instrument  which  recites  that  grievous  complaints 
had  been  made  to  the  university,  that  the  master 


64  s.  JOHN'S  COLLEGE. 

and  company  of  S.  John's  house,  together  with  their 
servants,  had  been  much  disquieted  and  disturbed 
by  laical  or  secular  power,  not  having  been  formerly 
reputed  or  received  as  members  of  the  university : 
the  chancellor  and  body  of  regents,  at  the  request 
ef  the  house,  thinking  it  unreasonable  that  they  who 
were  under  the  privileges  of  religion,  should  be 
longer  subject  to  secular  disturbances,  did  therefore 
receive  the  master  and  company  into  the  society, 
liberties,  and  number  of  their  members,  and  made 
them  and  their  servants  partakers  of  the  privileges 
of  the  university. (a} 

The  following  list  of  the  masters  or  priors  of  this 
hospital  will  we  believe  be  found  more  copious  and 
accurate  than  any  which  has  hitherto  appeared : 
Anthony,  temp.  Hen.  III. ;  Hugh  de  Stamford,  be- 
fore 4  Edw.  I. ;  Nicholas  de  Ware,  occurs  4  Edw.  I. ; 
Geoffrey  de  Altherhethe,  temp.  Hugh,  bishop  of 


(a)  I  have  forborn  saying  much  of  the  learning  of  the  Brethren,  till 
I  came  to  this  privilege,  from  which  we  may  with  modesty  enough  infer, 
that  they  were  not  very  learn'd.  I  know  they  have  usually  been  esteemed 
Learned,  but  had  they  been  really  so,  they  would  have  been  received 
sooner  into  the  Privileges  of  that  Body,  and  when  they  are  admitted,  It  is 
with  regard  to  the  merits  of  their  Religion,  and  not  one  word  sayd  of  their 
learning,  which  is  so  usual  in  Diplomatic  Forms,  that  it  could  not  have 
been  omitted,  had  there  been  any  ground  for  it.  I  never  could  meet  with 
any  great  Instances  of  their  learning,  further  than  their  Breviary,  for  so 
much,  being  Clerks,  they  certainly  had,  But  that  they  usually  advanced 
further,  I  should  be  glad  to  be  informed. — Baker's  Hist,  of  S.  John's,  40. 

In  1500,  John  Warkworth,  master  of  S.  Peter's  college,  and  William 
Tomlyn,  master  of  S.  John's  college,  petitioned  the  king  for  the  exoneration 
of  £3.  Os.  Id.  for  S.  Peter's,  and  £3.  9».  for  S.  John's,  for  the  subsidy  which 
the  collectors  would  levy,  because  the  act  of  parliament  exempted  only 
colleges,  and  these  were  commonly  called  Peterhouse  and  S.  John's  house. 
The  King  commanded  his  attorney  to  confess  to  the  barons  of  the  exchequer 
that  they  were  colleges.— MS.  Baker,  XLII.  196  b. 


s.  JOHN'S  COLLEGE.  65 

Ely ;  Robert  de  Huntingdon ;  Richard  Cheverel  occurs 
1284 ;  Guido  occurs  1294 ;  William  occurs  27  Edw.  I. ; 
John  de  Coleyne  occurs  1321 ;  William  de  Gosfield 
resigned  1332 ;  Alexander  de  Ixninge,  8  cal.  Mart. 
1332,  died  1349;  Robert  de  Sprouston,  3  May,  1349, 
died  the  same  year;  Roger  de  Broom,  elected  and 
died  1349;(fl)  William  Beere,  elected  about  1350, 
occurs  also  1369 ;  Henry  Brown  occurs  12  Aug., 
1377;  John  Stanton  resigned  1400;  William  Killun 
resigned  1403 ;  John  Burton,  May,  1403 ;  John 
Dunham  occurs  1426  and  1471 ;  Robert  Dunham 
occurs  1474,  died  1498 ;  William  Tomlyn,  elected 
13  and  admitted  19  Nov.,  1498,  resigned  1505, 
subsequently  retracted  that  resignation,  but  finally 
surrendered  the  office  27  Feb.,  1513-14.  ^ 

The  number  of  brethren  was  never  very  great. 
When  assembled  in  full  chapter  but  five  or  six  names 
occur.  A  great  part  of  the  revenue  was  allotted 
for  the  maintenance  of  sick  and  infirm  people  who 
were  brought  to  the  hospital,  and  whom  the  master 
and  brethren  were  bound  by  their  rule  and  order 
to  maintain  and  relieve. 

The  circumstances  connected  with  the  dissolution 
of  the  hospital  will  be  hereafter  related.  We  may 
here  state  that  the  revenues,  after  some  charges  and 
incumbrances  cleared  by  the  executors  of  the  countess 
of  Richmond,  amounted  to  £80.  Is.  W^d.  per  annum, 

(a)  The  prevalence  of  a  dreadful  plague  accounts  for  three  masters 
dying  in  the  same  year.  Mr.  Baker  supposed  that  the  next  master,  William 
Beere,  lived  only  a  year,  but  this  is  a  mistake. 

(6)  He  was  instituted  to  the  rectory  of  Great  Horningsheath  in 
Suffolk,  on  the  presentation  of  the  abbat  of  S.  Edmunds  Bury,  21  May, 
1504.  The  succeeding  rector  was  instituted  1520. 

VOL.    II.  F 


66 


S.    JOHNS    COLLEGE. 


and  that  William  Tomlyn  the  master,  sir  Christopher 
Wright,  sir  John  Kensham,  and  sir  William  Chandler, 
brethren,  had  pensions  from  the  college.  The  estates 
of  the  hospital  were  situate  in  Cambridgeshire,  Hert- 
fordshire, Suffolk,  and  Essex. 


THE  FOUNDRESS. — This  college  owes  its  exist- 
ence to  the  bounty  of  the  lady  Margaret,  countess 
of  Richmond  and  Derby,  of  whom  we  have  given  a 
memoir  in  our  account  of  Christ's  college. 

THE  FOUNDATION. — It  appears  that  as  early  as 
1505  the  countess  of  Rich- 
mond had  it  in  contemplation 
to  convert  S.  John's  hospital 
into  a  college  of  secular  scho- 
lars. With  a  view  to  this 
essential  change  in  the  cha- 
racter of  the  house,  William 
Tomlyn  was  prevailed  upon 
in  that  year  to  resign  the  mastership.  This  resigna- 
tion not  being  in  form  he  soon  afterwards  retracted 
it,  and  from  this  and  other  causes  nothing  effectual 
was  done  in  the  countess's  life  time. 

A  codicil  to  her  will  contains  the  following  clause : 

Be  it  remembred,  That  it  was  also  the  last  will  of  the  saide 
Princesse  to  dissolve  th'  ospitall  of  Seynt  Joh'nis  in  Canabrigge, 
and  to  alter  and  to  founde  therof  a  college  of  seculer  persones ; 


s.  JOHN'S  COLLEGE.  67 

that  is  to  say,  a  maister  and  fifty  scolers,  with  divers  servants ; 
and  newe  to  bielde  the  said  college,  and  sufficiently  to  endowe 
the  same  with  londs  and  tenements,  after  the  maner  and  forme 
of  other  colleges  in  Cambridge;  and  to  furnysshe  the  same, 
as  well  in  the  chapell,  library,  pantre,  and  kechen,  with  books 
and  all  other  things  necessary  for  the  same.  And  to  the 
performans  whereof  the  saide  Princesse  willed,  among  other 
things,  that  hir  executors  should  take  the  yssues,  revenues? 
and  profitts  of  her  londs  and  tenements  put  in  feoffament  in 
the  counties  of  Devonshire,  Somersettshire,  and  Northampton- 
shire, &c.  Also  the  saide  Princesse  willed,  that  with  the 
revenues  comyng  of  the  said  londs  putt  in  feoffament  that 
the  said  hospitall  shulde  be  made  clere  of  all  olde  detts 
dewly  provid,  and  also  that  the  londs  and  tenements  to  the 
same  late  hospitall  belonging,  shuld  be  sufficiently  repayred 
and  maynteyned. 

By  the  same  codicil  she  willed  that  all  her  plate, 
jewels,  vestments,  altar  cloths,  books,  hangings,  and 
other  necessaries  belonging  to  her  chapel  at  the 
time  of  her  decease  and  not  otherwise  bequeathed, 
should  be  divided  between  her  colleges  of  Christ 
and  S.  John's  by  the  discretion  of  her  executors. 

Her  executors  were  Richard  Fox,  bishop  of 
Winchester ;  John  Fisher,  bishop  of  Rochester ; 
Charles  Somerset;  lord  Herbert,  afterwards  earl  of 
Worcester ;  sir  Thomas  Lovell,  knight ;  sir  Henry 
Marney,  knight,  afterwards  lord  Marney;  sir  John 
Saintjohn,  knight ;  Henry  Horneby,  clerk,  and  Hugh 
Ashton,  clerk.  The  bishop  of  Winchester  and  Henry 
Horneby  were  appointed  overseers,  with  fall  autho- 
rity and  power  by  their  sadness  and  good  discre- 
tions, to  alter,  add  to,  or  diminish  such  articles  in 
the  will  as  they  should  think  most  convenient. 

Henry  VIII.,  by  letters  patent  dated  at  Otford, 

P2 


68  s.  JOHN'S  COLLEGE. 

7th  August,  1509,  after  setting  forth  the  desolate 
condition  of  the  house  or  priory  of  S.  John,  in 
compliance  with  the  prayer  of  the  countess  of 
Richmond,  his  deceased  grandmother,  and  of  her 
executors,  empowered  such  executors  with  the  con- 
sent of  the  prior  and  brethren  and  the  bishop  of 
Ely  to  acquire  the  said  house  and  priory,  and  all 
the  lands,  tenements,  rents,  reversions,  services, 
pensions,  portions,  and  other  possessions  and  heredit- 
aments thereunto  pertaining,  and  to  convert  the  same 
house  or  priory  to  the  honour  of  almighty  God,  the 
blessed  Virgin  Mary,  and  S.  John  the  evangelist, 
into  a  college  of  one  master  and  fellows  and  scholars 
to  the  number  of  fifty  persons  or  thereabouts  studying 
the  liberal  sciences,  the  civil  and  canon  law,  and 
divinity,  to  perform  divine  offices  daily  for  ever 
within  such  college  for  the  souls  of  his  grandmother, 
and  of  king  Henry  VII.,  Edmund  earl  of  Richmond, 
the  founders  of  the  house  or  priory  aforesaid,  and 
of  all  the  faithful  deceased,  and  to  do  there  other 
works  of  mercy  and  piety  according  to  ordinances  to 
be  made  by  the  executors.  The  college  was  duly 
incorporated  and  empowered  to  hold  the  house  or 
priory  and  all  its  possessions,  and  also  to  hold  other 
lands  in  mortmain  not  exceeding  in  value  £50.(a)  per 
annum. 

James  Stanley/6'  bishop  of  Ely,  by  an  instrument 
dated  7th  March,  1509-10,  after  reserving  to  himself 

(a)  By  a  subsequent  charter  of  Henry  VIII.  this   sum  was  extended 
to  £200. 

(6)  This  prelate,  notwithstanding  his  being  son-in-law  to  the  countess 
of  Richmond,  after  her  death  much  obstructed  the  foundation  of  the 
college. 


s.  JOHN'S  COLLEGE.  69 

a  power  of  naming  three  persons  during  his  life 
and  to  his  successors  a  power  of  naming  one,  to 
be  elected  fellows  of  the  college,  granted  that  the 
college,  when  erected,  should  enjoy  the  jewels,  goods, 
&c.,  belonging  to  the  hospital ;  and  obliged  himself 
that,  the  papal  bulls  first  had,  he  would  give  leave 
and  allow  the  hospital  to  be  incorporated  to  the 
college,  and  he  empowered  Richard  Wyot,  D.D., 
master  of  Christ's  college,  John  Fotehede,  B.D.,  master 
of  Michaelhouse,  and  William  Thornburgh,  LL.D., 
chancellor  of  the  diocese,  to  take  a  full  and  perfect 
inventory  of  all  the  jewels,  muniments,  and  other 
moveables  of  the  hospital,  and  to  have  them  in  safe 
custody  until  the  college  should  be  erected.  This 
grant  was  confirmed  by  the  prior  and  convent  of 
Ely  on  the  12th  of  the  same  month. 

Pope  Julius  II.,  by  a  decretal  bull  dated  8  cal. 
Jul.,  1510,(a)  dissolved  and  extinguished  the  hospital, 
and  erected  and  instituted  a  new  college  for  a  master 
and  fifty  clerks,  annexing  and  uniting  to  the  college 
so  erected  all  the  lands  and  possessions  of  the  dis- 
solved hospital,  "  Diocesani  loci  et  cujusvis  alterius 
licentia  super  hoc  minime  requisita,"  and  he  em- 
powered the  bishops  of  Lincoln  and  Norwich,  or  either 
of  them,  to  execute  his  decree,  and  to  coerce  with 
censures  all  who  should  contradict  it,  "  invocato 
etiam,  si  opus  fuerit,  brachio  seculari."  He  also 
granted  to  the  new  college  the  same  privileges  as 
any  other  college,  reserving  a  convenient  pension 
to  two  brethren  of  the  old  house. 

The  bishop  of  Ely,  by  a  grant  dated  31st  Dec., 

(a)  There  had  been  a  previous  bull  which  was  found  defective. 


70  s.  JOHN'S  COLLEGE. 

1510,  and  confirmed  by  the  prior  and  convent  of  Ely 
on  the  5th  of  January  following,  conveyed  to  the  exe- 
cutors of  the  countess  of  Richmond  all  the  site  and 
mansion,  and  all  the  houses,  churches,  chapels,  and 
edifices,  belonging  to  the  hospital,  together  with  all 
manors,  lands,  rents,  tenements,  and  other  possessions 
appertaining  thereunto,  and  all  his  right  as  founder 
in  the  same ;  which  house  being  suppressed,  dissolved, 
and  extinguished,  by  apostolical  authority,  by  the 
king's  licence,  and  by  his  consent  devolving  to  him 
as  founder,  being  of  the  foundation  of  him  and  his 
predecessors,  he  granted  to  the  executors  to  the  end 
and  intent  that  they  might  change,  found,  create, 
and  erect  it  into  a  college  of  secular  students  to 
endure  for  ever,  ordinary  jurisdiction  always  reserved 
to  him  and  his  successors;  and  he  appointed  and 
constituted  Richard  Henrison,  clerk,  and  others,  his 
proctors  or  attorneys,  to  enter  and  take  seisin  and 
possession  of  the  house,  and  being  seised,  to  deliver 
full,  plenary,  and  peaceable  possession  thereof  to 
the  executors. 

By  virtue  of  this  grant,  on  20th  Jan.,  1510-11, 
full  and  peaceable  possession  of  the  house  was 
delivered  by  Henrison  as  the  bishop's  commissary 
(no  man  contradicting)  to  Henry  Horneby,  D.D.,  one 
of  the  executors,  in  the  name  and  stead  of  the  rest, 
in  the  presence  of  William  Woderowe,  D.D.,  master 
of  Clare  hall,  and  deputy  vice-chancellor  of  the 
university,  William  Burgoyne,  D.D.,  John  Fotehede, 
B.D.,  Oliver  Scalis,  public  notary,  and  many  other 
students  of  the  university,  and  burgesses  of  the 
town. 


s.  JOHN'S  COLLEGE.  71 

The  executors  by  a  charter  dated  9th  April,  1511, 
under  the  authority  granted  them  by  the  king's 
letters  patent,  duly  converted  the  house  into  a  college 
to  be  styled  the  college  of  S.  John  the  evangelist, 
and  appointed  and  constituted  Robert  Shorten  first 
master,  and  three  persons,  one  of  whom  was  nomi- 
nated by  the  bishop  of  Ely,  to  be  fellows  and 
scholars,  together  with  other  persons  to  be  named 
by  them,  empowering  the  master  and  fellows  or  the 
major  part  of  them  to  fill  up  the  number  if  not 
completed  during  their  lives.  The  executors  also 
gave  and  ordained  statutes  for  the  government  of 
the  college,  portions  whereof  are  recited  in  this 
charter. 

There  is  a  third  grant  from  the  bishop  of  Ely, 
dated  1st  Feb.,  1513-14,  wherein  he  recites  his  former 
grants  and  the  charter  of  foundation  which  he  con- 
firms, reserving  to  himself  and  his  successors  ordinary 
jurisdiction  and  20s.  for  every  visitation,  "tarn  pro 
procuratione,  quam  pro  esculentis  et  poculentis." 
This  grant  was  confirmed  by  the  prior  and  convent 
of  Ely  on  the  20th  of  the  same  month,  and  on  the 
27th  William  Tomlyn  finally  resigned  the  master- 
ship of  the  hospital,  receiving  ten  marks(rt)  from 
Robert  Shorten  the  master  of  the  college  for  such 
his  resignation. 

On  the  20th  of  March,  1515-16,  the  other  executors, 

(a)  This  was  a  poor  reward,  and  yet  it  does  not  appear  he  ever  received 
more;  whether  his  heart  was  broken,  and  he  might  not  live  much  longer, 
or  whether  his  former  obstinacy  had  not  deserved  more  ample  reward,  or 
whether  he  might  be  thought  to  have  sufficiently  rewarded  himself  already 
by  pawning  and  devouring  the  revenues  of  his  Convent,  I  will  not  say. — 
Baker. 


72  s.  JOHN'S  COLLEGE. 

by  a  procuratorial  letter  empowered  bishop  Fisher  to 
act  in  their  names  in  making  statutes  for  the  govern- 
ment of  the  college.  By  virtue  of  this  letter  the 
bishop  framed  a  code  of  statutes  which  in  July,  1516, 
he  delivered  to  Alan  Percy  the  master  of  the  college 
and  to  the  fellows,  binding  them  by  oath  to  the 
observance  thereof.  These  statutes  greatly  resembled 
those  of  Christ's  college.  There  were  to  be  twenty-eight 
fellows  of  the  foundation  (whereof  seven  seniors),  and 
at  least  half  were  always  to  be  of  the  nine  northern 
counties.  The  like  rules  were  to  be  observed  as  to 
the  distribution  of  counties  in  the  choice  of  scholars. 
The  allowance  in  commons  was  but  a  shilling 
a-week  for  a  fellow,  and  seven-pence  a-week  for  a 
scholar.  The  customs,  institution,  and  duties  of  the 
old  house  were  to  be  kept  up  by  these  statutes  so  far 
as  was  consistent  with  the  alteration  in  the  founda- 
tion. The  chantries  at  S.  Sepulchre's  and  S.  Botolph's 
were  to  be  served  and  discharged  by  two  of  the 
fellows,  and  the  benefactors  of  the  old  house,  as  well 
as  of  Ospringe,  were  to  be  prayed  for.  In  pursuance 
of  an  ancient  custom,  the  bell  was  to  be  rung  by 
one  of  the  scholars  at  four  in  the  morning  to  awake 
such  scholars  in  the  university  as  were  willing  to 
leave  their  beds  to  follow  their  studies.  In  conclu- 
sion, the  bishop  of  Ely  was  to  be  visitor,  but  he 
was  limited  as  far  as  possible,  for  the  first  resolu- 
tion of  doubts  was  after  bishop  Fisher's  death, 
to  be  in  the  chancellor  or  vice-chancellor  of  the 
university,  with  the  two  senior  doctors  or  bachelors 
of  divinity  not  being  fellows  of  the  college.  Some  of 
the  other  provisions  are  curious.  Two  fellows  or 


s.  JOHN'S  COLLEGE.  73 

four  scholars  were  to  sleep  in  each  chamber.  None 
but  a  doctor  was  to  have  a  chamber  to  himself. 
The  gates  were  to  be  locked  at  eight  P.M.  in  winter 
and  nine  in  summer.  The  master  on  his  election 
was  to  give  bonds  to  the  provost  of  King's  college 
and  the  master  of  Corpus  Christi  college.  Scholars 
were  to  be  fined  for  speaking  english  within  the 
college.  Cardinal  Wolsey,  and  West,  bishop  of 
Ely,  were  to  be  specially  commemorated  in  all 
prayers.  Some  students  were  to  learn  greek  and 
hebrew.  A  fourth  part  of  the  fellows  were  to  be 
engaged  in  preaching  to  the  people  in  english. 
No  one  was  to  keep  hawks  or  dogs,  or  to  play  at 
cards  or  dice,  except  at  Christmas,  and  then  only 
in  the  hall.  The  fellows  were  to  have  livery  of 
one  colour,  to  be  bought  at  Sturbridge  fair. 

The  college  was  opened  with  due  solemnity  by 
two  of  the  executors,  bishop  Fisher,  chancellor  of 
the  university,  and  Dr.  Horneby,  master  of  Peter- 
house,  29th  July,  1516,  in  the  presence  of  Nicholas 
Metcalfe,  D.D.,(a)  archdeacon  of  Rochester,  Marmaduke 
Waldby,  M.A.,  the  bishop's  chaplain,  and  Thomas 
Stacy,  notary  public.  After  reading  the  king's 
licence,  the  charter  of  foundation,  the  pope's  bull, 
and  the  procuratorial  letters  from  the  other  executors, 
Alan  Percy  was  constituted  master  (Robert  Shorten 
having  before  resigned  the  office,)  and  thirty-one 
other  persons  were  appointed  fellows.  The  master 
swore  to  observe  the  statutes.  Twenty-four  of  the 
fellows  took  an  oath  to  obey  the  master  and  also  the 
statutes,  and  the  seven  absent  fellows  were  enjoined 

(a)  Afterwards  master  of  the  college. 


74  s.  JOHN'S  COLLEGE. 

to  do  the  like  before  the  master  whenever  they 
should  enter  upon  their  fellowships.  Three  of  the 
fellows(0)  being  principals  of  hostels  their  seniority 
was  reserved. 

The  executors  had  taken  due  care  to  prove  the 
countess's  will,  both  in  the  prerogative  court(6)  and 
the  court  of  chancery.  After  a  long  and  expensive 
process  it  was  approved  and  allowed  as  good. 
The  profits  of  her  lands  were  received  for  some 
years  first  by  bishop  Fisher  and  afterwards  by 
Dr.  Horneby.  Ultimately  however,  by  the  clamours 
of  the  countess's  officers  and  servants,  the  advice 
of  potent  courtiers,  and  the  exertions  of  the  king's 
auditors  and  council,  the  king  obtained  the  whole 
of  her  estates,  except  that  at  Fordham,  as  her  heir- 
at-law. (c)  Bishop  Fisher,  as  some  compensation,  ob- 
tained from  the  king  grants  of  the  hospital  of  Ospringew 

(a)  William  Paye,  Clement  Eryngton,  and  Nicholas  Daryngton. 

(b)  The  probate  is  dated  Lambeth,  17  October,  1512. 

(c)  Her  lands  put  in  feoffment  for  the  performance  of  her  will,  lay  in 
the  Counties  of  Devon,  Somerset,  and  Northampton ;  and  though  I  should 
be  very  glad  to  meet  with  Lands  of  the  Foundation  in  any  of  these  three 
Counties,  yet  I  despair  much  of  such  a  discovery.     But  whoever  now 
enjoys  the  Manors  of  Maxey  and  Torpell  in  the  County  of  Northampton, 
or  the  Manors  of  Martock,  Currey-Ryvell,  Kynsbury,  and  Queen-Camel, 
with  the  Hundreds  of  Bulston,  Abdike,  and  Horethorne  in  the  County  of 
Somerset;     or  the  Manor     of    Sandford-Peverell  with  the   Hundred    of 
Alberton  in  the  County  of  Devon ;  though  they  may  have  a  very  good 
title  to  them,  which  I  will  not  question,  yet  whenever  they  shall  be  piously 
and  charitably  disposed,  they  cannot  bestow  them  more  equitably  than  by 
leaving  them  to  St.  John's — Baker. 

(d)  Ospringe,  near  Faversham,  was  a  hospital  or  Maison  Dieu,  founded 
by  Henry  III.  about  1235,  and  dedicated  to   the   blessed  Virgin  Mary. 
The  foundation  was  for  a  master  and  three  regular  brethren  of  the  order 
of  the  Holy  cross  and  two  secular  clerks.     It  fell  into  decay  about  the 
end  of  the   reign   of  Edw.    IV.,  and   was  granted  by  Henry  VIII.  to 
S.  John's  college  in  the  7th  year  of  his  reign. — Duydale's  Monast.,  ed. 
Caley,  &c.,  vi.  764. 


s.  JOHN'S  COLLEGE.  75 

in   Kent,    and   of    the  nunneries  of  Bromehall(0)  in 
Berkshire,  and  Higham(6)  in  Kent. 

It  is  not  too  much  to  say,  that  but  for  the 
perseverance  and  indomitable  energy  of  bishop 
Fisher,  the  college  could  not  have  surmounted  the 
various  formidable  difficulties  which  arose.  The 
following  paper,  which  appears  to  have  been  drawn 
up  by  him,  fully  explains  the  nature  of  these 
difficulties : 

Many  suites  and  greate  troubles  which  the  Bishop  of 
Rochester  did  undergoe  in  the  behalfe  of  the  Colledge. 

The  Bishop  off  Ely. 

The  Licence  of  the  Pope. 

The  Licence  of  Mortmayne. 

The  provyng  off  my  Lady's  will  in  the  Chancery. 

The  besones  of  my  Lady  sei-Vaunts  which  wolde  have  hadde 
all  hir  goods  among  them. 

The  taking  awaie  of  mych  off  Lande. 

The  agreament  with  my  Lady  of  Devonshire. 

The  stoppyng  of  that  paiment. 

(a)  Bromehall  in  the  parish  of  Sunninghill,  a  small  Benedictine  nunnery 
dedicated  to  S.  Margaret,  was  founded  before  1  John.  Joan  Rawlings 
the  last  prioress  surrendered  it  to  Henry  VIII.  9th  August,  1521.  By  an 
inquisition  taken  3rd  March,  1521-2,  the  resignation  of  the  prioress  was 
found,  also  that  the  only  two  nuns  who  remained  had  abandoned  the 
house  which  had  consequently  escheated  to  the  crown.  The  grant  by 
Henry  VIII.  to  S.  John's  college  is  dated  21st  Oct.,  1522.—Dugdale's 
Monast.,  ed.  Caley,  &c.,  iv.  506. 

(i)  Higham,  Heigham,  or  Heyham,  anciently  called  Lillechurch,  a 
nunnery  of  the  Benedictine  order  dedicated  to  the  Blessed  Virgin  Mary, 
was  founded  by  king  Stephen  before  1151.  His  daughter  the  princess 
Mary,  who  afterwards  became  abbess  of  Rumsey,  was  first  a  nun  here. 
The  number  of  nuns  was  once  sixteen.  In  1522  there  were  but  three 
nuns  and  those  scandalous.  It  was  accordingly  suppressed  by  bishop 
Fisher  as  diocesan  21st  Oct.  in  that  year.  The  appropriation  to  S.  John's 
college  is  dated  19th  May,  1523.  A  bull  sanctioning  the  appropriation  was 
granted  by  Clement  VII.,  4  cal.  Oct.,  1524,  and  after  this  bull  the 
appropriation  was  confirmed  by  the  dean  and  chapter  of  Rochester  and  the 
archdeacon — Duydalc's  Monast.,  ed.  Calcy.  £c.,  iv.  378. 


76  s.  JOHN'S  COLLEGE. 

The  service  for  Ospring. 

The  service  for  Higham. 

The  service  for  Brommehall. 

Ffirst,  my  Lorde  of  Ely  wiche  thene  was,  albeit  that  he 
hadde  promysede  my  lady  his  assent  for  the  dissolvyng  of 
Saynte  Johns  housse,  wiche  then  was  a  religious  housse,  into 
a  College  of  students,  yett  because  he  hadde  not  sealide, 
he  wolde  not  performe  his  promyse;  and  so  delaide  the 
mattere  a  long  seasone,  till  at  the  last  we  were  fayne  to 
agree  with  hyme  by  the  advyce  of  my  Lord  of  Winchestre 
to  our  grete  charge.  This  was  the  first  sore  brounte  that 
we  hadde,  and  like  to  have  quailede  all  the  mattere,  if  it 
hadde  not  ben  wiselie  handelide ;  for  upon  this  hong  all  the 
reste.  Yff  this  hadde  ben  clerelie  revoikede  by  hyme,  we 
cudde  not  have  done  any  thing  for  that  College,  according 
to  my  Ladys  entente  and  wyll.  And  surelie  this  was  a  long 
tyme  or  that  we  cudde  have  the  writyngis  surelie  maide, 
and  sealide  with  his  scale  and  his  convent  scale  upon  the 
same;  for  he  purposlie  delayde  yt  for  causes  wiche  I  will 
not  here  reherse. 

Seconde,  where  we  hadde  sente  for  the  pope's  licence 
to  extincte  the  religiouse  housse,  and  to  change  it  into  a  college 
of  Students.  When  the  graunte  came  home,  it  was  found 
of  no  vailew ;  and  all  by  the  negligence  off  our  counsell 
wiche  devisede  it.  For  the  wiche  we  weare  fayne  to  make 
anew  writinge,  and  to  have  better  counsell,  and  to  sende 
agayne  to  the  courte  off  Rome ;  wiche  was  a  grete  hinderance, 
and  a  greate  tracte  of  tyme. 

Thirde,  where  my  lady  in  hir  tyme  hadde  opteynede  the 
kyngs  licence  for  this  change  to  be  mayde ;  but  she  dyede  or 
ever  that  it  was  sealyd;  so  that  we  were  fayne  to  make  anew 
suyte.  And  where  allso  she  optenyde  by  the  kyngs  licence 
for  mortassing  off  fyfty  pounde  lounde  only  and  no  more. 
Heare  I  hadde  nott  a  littyll  besones  to  opteyne  a  new  graunte 
for  licence  of  CCh  to  be  put  in  mortmayne;  and  coste  me 
grete  suyte  and  labor,  both  by  myself,  and  by  my  frends, 
or  that  I  cudde  opteyne  it.  And  iff  this  hadde  not  ben 
optenyde,  heare  wolde  have  beyne  butt  a  poure  college.  Heare 
we  ware  so  sore  ploungide  in  amaner  in  a  dispayre  to  have 


s.  JOHN'S  COLLEGE.  77 

brought  the  college  in  that  condicione  that,  lovide  be  our 
lorde,  it  is  now  in. 

Fforthe,  it  was  thought  expediente  by  the  juges  that  for  a 
suyrtye  off  the  lands  wiche  my  lady  hadde  putt  in  ffeoffament 
for  the  performance  of  hir  will,  and  hadde  thereof  licence  so  to 
do  by  king  Edwarde  under  his  brode  scale,  and  by  the  kyng 
hir  son  under  his  scale  ;  likewise  unto  than  all  hir  will  and 
testament  war  performyde  ;  I  say,  it  was  thought  necessarie  by 
the  juges  that  my  ladys  will  shulde  be  provyde  in  the  Chaun- 
cery,  over  and  beside  the  profe  off  ytt  in  my  lorde  of  Canter- 
bury's courte.  And  her  was  myche  tyme  and  labore  taken, 
more  then  I  can  tell  in  a  few  words,  of  attendance  and  ofte 
resortyng  to  the  Chanceler  of  Englonde,  often  having  our 
lernyde  counsell  together,  often  having  the  chef  juges  advises, 
so  many  writs,  so  many  dedimus  potestatem  to  them  that  war 
absente  that  shulde  beare  witnes  in  this  mattere.  So  herde  it 
was  to  gett  them  to  bere  this  witnes,  and  to  be  sworne  that 
were  then  present.  So  many  suyts  to  the  king  Solicitor,  the 
kings  attorney,  the  king's  sergeants,  withouten  whose  assents 
my  lorde  chauncelore  wolde  nothing  do ;  oonlie  as  thei  war  all 
presant  at  every  act  to  beare  recorde.  This  mattere,  or  it 
cudde  be  concludede,  was  a  yere  and  a  half  in  doyng ;  forsoth 
it  was  sore  laboreos  and  paynfull  unto  me  that  many  tymes 
I  was  right  sory  that  ever  I  toke  that  besones  upone  me. 

Ffyft,  after  this  rose  a  grete  storme,  the  wiche  was  sturryde 
by  my  lady  servaunts ;  the  occasion  was  this.  When  my 
lady  was  at  the  poynte  to  departe  out  off  this  worlde  unto 
the  mercy  off  God,  I  hadde  pety  off  hir  poure  servaunts,  and 
movide  hir  that  suche  as  hadde  done  hir  goode  service,  and 
was  but  littill  recompenside,  that  it  wolde  please  hir  thei  might 
furst  be  consideride  after  the  wisdome  and  descrecion  of  my  lorde 
of  Winchestre  and  me :  and  she  was  well  contentyde.  Upon 
this  occasion  thei  mayde  unto  the  king  greate  surewyses  that 
thei  shulde  have  my  lady  goods  dividede  amogst  them. 
Wiche  putt  us  to  a  grete  trobill.  Ffor  all  that  thei  cudde 
ymagen  off  evyll  agaynst  me,  thaie  gave  informaccion  unto 
the  kyng,  and  made  him  werray  hevy  lorde  agaynst  me ;  for 
the  wiche  was  moche  attendance  gyvyn,  and  moche  suyte  I 
made  for  my  self  or  ever  that  I  might  be  declarede. 


78  s.  JOHN'S  COLLEGE. 

Sixt,  after  this  I  was  movide  by  the  king  to  prepayre 
myself  to  go  unto  the  generall  cownsaill  for  the  Realme,  with 
my  lorde  of  Saynt  Johns  and  others ;  and  because  I  shulde 
thene  departe,  ye  recevor  of  those  lands  wiche  was  in  feoffment 
made  grete  besones  for  his  discharge,  because  that  I  hadde 
recevide  parte  off  that  money ;  so  was  I  fayne  to  delyvre  out 
off  my  hands  all  suche  obligacions  as  I  hadde  in  keping  unto 
Mr  Asheton  and  Mr  Hornby,  and  to  declare  my  self  of  all 
rekenings  concerning  the  receyts  of  the  money  off  that  lands  or 
any  other.  And  Mr  Hornby  receevyde  after  that  as  myche 
as  was  recevede  off  the  sayde  moneye. 

Seventh,  when  I  was  disapointyde  of  that  jorney,  my 
Lady  servants  made  anew  besones ;  thai  saw  that  thus  thai 
couthe  not  prevail,  therefore  thei  causide  us  to  be  callide  to 
accompts  off  all  my  ladys  goods,  and  to  shew  a  cause  whi  we 
shulde  keape  the  kings  inheritance  frome  hyme  to  the  valow 
off  ccccu  yerly.  And  here  we  brought  in  our  accompts,  ffirst 
before  Mr  Sothewell  wiche  was  the  kings  cheaf  auditor.  And 
ther  I  was  compellide  along  tyme  to  gif  attendance  upon 
hym  a  sundrie  places  and  many  tymes,  and  there  straitly  our 
accompts  war  examynede,  and  he  well  pleaside  with  them, 
and  thought  it  reasonable  that  tyll  all  things  were  performyde, 
the  profets  of  the  sayde  lands  shulde  reinane  unto  the  College. 
Butt  he  diede  or  ever  he  myght  gyff  sufficiently  informacione 
herof  unto  the  Kyng,  and  sett  us  at  a  rest,  as,  after  long 
examinacion  of  the  compte  and  triall  therof  made,  he  thoughtt 
to  bring  aboute. 

Eyghtt,  after  this  his  deathe,  by  the  importune  clamor  and 
crye  off  my  sayde  Lady  servants  we  were  callede  off  a  fresshe 
before  Mr  Belknape  wiche  then  succedide  in  the  rowme  of 
Mr  Southewell ;  and  ther  we  warre  more  straitelie  handelide ; 
and  so  long  delaide,  and  weriede,  and  fatigate,  that  we  must 
neds  lett  the  londe  go ;  notwithstanding  all  the  right  that 
we  hadde  thereunto,  by  the  graunts  off  King  Edwarde  and  off 
King  Henry  the  vii,  and  the  declaracione  off  my  ladys  wyll, 
and  the  putting  off  the  sayme  londs  in  feoffemente,  and  also 
the  profe  of  the  sayde  will  in  the  chancery  as  strong  as  cowthe 
be  mayde  by  any  lernyde  counsell;  butt  all  this  wolde  not 
serve  us  ;  there  was  no  remedy,  butt  the  kyng's  counsell  wolde 


s.  JOHN'S  COLLEGE.  79 

take  the  prefects  of  these  londs  for  the  kyng.  Nevertheless 
with  greate  and  long  suyte  we  optenyde  at  the  last,  that 
some  recompense  might  be  hadde  unto  the  College  for  the  per- 
forming off  it;  and  so  finallie  my  lady  Katyrine,  wiche 
bowght  for  hir  soone  the  yong  lady  Lyell,  for  certayne  summys 
of  money  was  bounden  as  stronglie  as  lernyde  counsell  cowthe 
dy  vise  the  bonds,  to  paie  for  the  behave  of  the  same  College. 

Nynght,  considering  that  this  londe  thus  was  taken  from 
us,  we  made  farther  suyt  to  have  some  hospitall.  or  some 
religious  housse,  or  benefice,  to  be  approperde  by  the  kyngs 
graunte  unto  the  College ;  and  when  after  long  suyte  that  was 
grauntide,  we  divisede  a  byll  to  be  signede  of  the  king  for  the 
hospitall  of  Ospringe,  and  so  finally  gatt  that  same.  Butt  what 
labor  then  I  hadde  with  hyme  that  was  encombent,  and  how 
long  or  we  cudde  establishe  and  make  it  sure  both  by  temporall 
counsell  and  spirituall,  and  how  often  for  this  matter  ther  I  roode 
both  to  Ospryng,  and  to  London,  and  to  my  lorde  of  Canter- 
bury, or  that  I  cowthe  performe  all  things  for  the  suyrty 
thereof,  it  war  to  long  to  reherse. 

Tenethe,  after  all  this,  the  lady  Lyell  dyede ;  and  so  my 
Lady  of  Devonshire  and  hir  sone  lost  the  profits  of  hir  lands  j 
for  the  wiche  he  and  she  bothe  was  comfortide  and  counselide  to 
paie  unto  us  no  more  money,  according  to  their  obligacione. 
Thei  maide  it  a  materie  of  conscience  because  of  the  deathe  of 
that  young  lady.  After  many  resonyngs  and  many  metyngs, 
our  cownsell  avisede  us  to  make  suyte  to  gett  some  religious 
housse ;  and  so  finallie,  with  much  labore  and  payne,  we 
optenyde  too  Nonryes  where  was  dissolute  lyving,  and  never 
coude  by  their  ordynaries  be  brought  to  goode  order ;  and  for 
the  assuring  off  the  same,  moche  payne  and  labor  was  taken 
bothe  by  my  self,  and  allso  by  the  Mr.  of  the  College  Mr. 
Metcalf,  who  I  sent  aboute  that  besones ;  specially  for  the 
Nunrey  off  Bromehall,  wiche  was  far  frome  me.  He  made  many 
jorneys  theder,  and  allso  to  my  Lorde  of  Salsebury,  wiche  was 
ordinary  off  a  benefice  to  them  approperde ;  wiche  things  he 
dyde  with  much  lease  charge  that  I  cowde  have  done ;  and 
therefor  I  dide  commyt  it  unto  his  wisdome. 

On  the  24th  of  July,   1524,  bishop  Fisher  gave 


80  s.  JOHN'S  COLLEGE. 

a  new  code  of  statutes.  These  are  based  upon  those 
of  Corpus  Christ!  college  Oxford,  given  by  bishop 
Fox  the  founder  of  that  society.  Provision  is  made 
for  celebration  for  the  souls  of  the  benefactors  of 
Bromehall  and  Higham. 

A  third  code  of  statutes  was  given  by  bishop 
Fisher  llth  of  July,  1530.  These  are  in  the  main 
grounded  on  those  of  Corpus  Christi  college  Oxford, 
and  those  given  by  cardinal  Wolsey  for  his  founda- 
tion in  that  university.  The  number  of  scholars 
was  fixed  at  twenty-two,  so  that  with  the  twenty- 
eight  fellows  here  was  the  full  number  of  fifty 
fellows  and  scholars  originally  intended.  This  was 
exclusive  of  private  foundations.  The  fellows  were 
to  give  bonds  not  to  obtain  from  the  pope  or  court 
of  Rome  any  licence  or  dispensation  contrary  to 
their  oaths,  or  to  accept  or  use  any  so  obtained. 

Besides  founding  and  endowing  four  fellowships 
and  two  scholarships,  bishop  Fisher  made  a  deed 
of  gift  to  the  college  of  jewels,  books,  and  furniture. 
The  following  is  an  account  of  the  plate  given  by 
him: 

Ffyrst  a  chales  wyth  a  paten,  gylte,  ponderyng  27  unc. 

Item  ii  Chalessys,  percell  gylte,  weying  together  26  unc. 

Item  a  pix  of  sylver  and  gylte,  gravyn  wythe  roseys  with 
a  lydd  pertenyng  to  the  same  havying  in  the  toppe  a  crosse 
and  crusyfyx  ponderyng  28  unc. 

Item  a  standyng  Cuppe,  gylt,  with  a  Couer  ponderyng 
14  unc. 

Item  iij  Rector  stavys  twayn  of  thame  cappyd  wythe 
sylver  ponderyng  16  unc. 

Item  ij  grett  Saltts  wythe  a  couer  all  gylte  ponderyng 
52  unc. 

In  toto,  163  unc:  whereof  147  were  gilt. 


s.  JOHN'S  COLLEGE.  81 

We  also  subjoin  a  list  of  the  vestments  and  altar- 
cloths  which  he  gave : 

«.    *.   (i. 
Ffyrst  a  swett  of  Vestyments  of  rede  clothe  of 

gold  wythe  spangs  and  crossys  in  the  myddyst  en- 
brotherd  wythe  Ihus  Xryste  and  portcolis  to  the 
value  of 26  0  0 

Item  ye  copys  of  the  same  clothe  of  gold  wyth 
lyke  velvett  and  enbrothered  to  the  value  of. 34  6  8 

Item  a  vestment  of  clene  clothe  of  golde  wythe 
ye  bake  of  enbrothered  warke  of  ye  value  of 7  13  4 

Item  a  vestment  of  Grene  velvett  enbrothered 
with  rede  rosys  with  a  crose  of  gold  of  stole  warke 
wroght  with  daysys  to  the  value  of. 13  6  8 

Item  two  pawlys  for  the  hye  Alter  paned  with 
greyn  velvett  and  blewe  wroght  with  rede  rosys  of 
golde  and  rosys  of  sylver  to  the  value  of. 15  0  0 

Item  two  other  pawlys  for  the  hye  Alter  paned 
with  clothe  of  golde  and  cremesyn  velvett  to  the 
value  of 6  13  4 

Item  four  casys  of  clothe  of  golde  with  fynne 
corporalls  pertenyng  to  the  same  to  the  value  of  ...  1  6  8 

Item  two  Spanyshe  napkyns  wroght  with  sylke 
and  gold 

Money  payd  for  thes  by  ye  sayd  Keuerende 
FfatherinGod 128  10  0 

On  his  attainder  all  his  goods  were  seized  to  the 
king's  use  and  were  lost  to  the  college. (a) 

In  the  valuation  for  first-fruits  and  tenths,  made 
in  or  soon  after  1534,  the  annual  value  of  the 
possessions  of  this  college  is  returned  at  £507.125.  life?, 
a  sum  far  exceeding  every  other  house  in  the  uni- 
versity except  King's  college. 

(a)  It  is  very  remarkable  that  in  the  account  of  the  college  presented 
to  queen  Elizabeth  on  her  visit  to  the  university  in  August,  1564,  no 
mention  whatever  is  made  of  bishop  Fisher's  benefactions. 

VOL.    H.  G 


82  s.  JOHN'S  COLLEGE. 

In  1545,  another  code  of  statutes  was  given  by 
Henry  VIII.  The  preamble  states  that  the  ambi- 
guities and  injustice  of  the  former  statutes  made  a 
revised  code  necessary.  These  statutes  are  supposed 
to  have  been  framed  or  revised  by  Mr.  (afterwards 
sir  John)  Cheke.  By  these  statutes  the  master's 
stipend  was  almost  doubled,  and  the  number  of 
seniors  was  increased  from  seven  to  twelve.  The 
privileges  of  the  northern  counties  were  curtailed, 
and  bishop  Fisher's  fellowships  and  scholarships 
were  merged  in  the  lady  Margaret's  foundation. 
Each  fellow  in  his  turn  was  to  be  lord  at  Christmas. 
The  lord  was  to  draw  up  statutes  in  greek  or 
latin  verse,  and  to  prepare  six  dialogues  or  other 
literary  entertainments.  Plays  to  be  composed  by 
the  lecturers  and  examiners  were  to  be  acted  be- 
tween Epiphany  and  Lent. 

It  appears  from  the  survey  of  the  college  made 
under  the  authority  of  a  royal  commission  by  Mathew 
Parker,  D.D.,  John  Redman,  D.D.,  and  William 
Mey,  LL.D.,  in  February  1545-6,  that  the  master 
had  an  annual  stipend  of  £12;  that  his  commons 
were  2s.  a  week;  and  that  his  allowance  for  livery 
was  20§.  per  annum.  He  had  also  a  garden  and 
orchard,  and  two  little  closes  beyond  the  bridge 
for  the  sustentation  of  his  horses. 

The  number  of  fellows  was  forty-four,  whereof 
twenty-seven  were  on  the  foundation  of  the  lady 
Margaret.  This  number  was  exclusive  of  one  of 
the  fellowships  on  Mr.  Gregson's  foundation,  which 
was  not  to  be  filled  up  till  after  the  death  of  two 
persons  who  were  then  living.  Four  fellowships 


s.  JOHN'S  COLLEGE.  83 

were  then  vacant,  but  were  about  to  be  filled  up. 
The  stipends  of  the  fellows  varied.  Four  of  the 
lady  Margaret's  fellows  had  £3.  6s.  Sd.  each.  The 
rest  only  13s.  kd.  The  fellows  on  the  foundations 
of  Hugh  Ashton,  James  Beresford  and  Ann  Rokeby 
had  £2.  13s  Id.  each.  Those  on  Dr.  Keyton's 
foundation  had  £1.  6s.  Sd.  each.  The  other  fellows 
on  private  foundations  had  13s.  £d.  each. 

The  allowance  for  commons  to  each  fellow  was 
£2.  12s.  per  annum.  The  annual  allowance  for 
livery  was  16s.  4c?.  for  each  of  the  lady  Margaret's 
fellows,  and  13s.  £d.  for  each  of  the  others.  Two 
of  the  fellows  had  each  an  allowance  of  £2.  14s.  4<7. 
per  annum  from  the  benefaction  of  Dr.  Thompson. 

The  scholars  were  sixty  in  number,  twenty- 
seven  being  on  the  lady  Margaret's  foundation. 
Archdeacon  Fell's  scholars  were  allowed  £1.  11s.  £d. 
per  annum  for  commons.  All  the  other  scholars 
had  but  £1.  10s.  4d.  each.  None  of  the  scholars 
had  any  stipends  except  the  eight  on  the  foundation 
of  Eoger  Lupton,  who  had  £1.  6s.  Sd.  each.  There 
were  also  nine  poor  scholars  called  sizars,  on  the 
foundation  of  Dr.  Dowman.  Each  of  them  had  three- 
pence a  week,  and  the  fragments  from  the  fellows' 
table  were  distributed  amongst  them. 

The  stipends  of  the  officers  were  as  follows :  man- 
ciple, principal  cook  and  barber,  each  £1.  6s.  Sd ; 
under-cook  13s.  4c?;  laundress  £4;  president  £2;  two 
bursars  each  £2 ;  two  deans  each  £2 ;  sacrist  £2 ; 
lord  at  Christmas  £1 ;  eleven  preachers  £1.  10s.  4d. 
each;  Mr.  Pylkyngton  principal  lecturer  £2.  13s.  4d. ; 
four  examiners  each  £2 ;  four  sub-lecturers  each 

02 


84  s.  JOHN'S  COLLEGE. 

£2 ;  the  greek  lecturer  £4 ;  the  hebrew  lecturer 
£4;  John  Smyth,  general  receiver  of  all  the 
manors  and  rents,  £5.  6s.  8d. ;  John  Pyckerell, 
auditor  £2 ;  William  Ruscat,  scrivener,  £1.  6s.  8d. ; 
the  keeper  of  the  library  13s.  4d.  Dr.  Lynacre's 
physic  lecturer  £12.  The  annual  allowance  for 
the  commons  of  the  manciple,  cook,  under  cook, 
and  of  the  two  servants  of  the  master  was  £1.  10s.  4e?. 
each. 

The  sums  annually  expended  for  exequies  were: 
for  the  foundress  £11.  Is.  4c?. ;  for  Hugh  Ashton 
£3.  18s.;  for  Dr.  Shorten  £2.  16s.  8d.;  and  for 
Mr.  Dokett  £1. 

£16.  13s.  4:d.  was  paid  for  annuities  to  certain 
persons  whose  names  are  given. 

Other  charges  were  as  follows :  refections  to 
tenants  and  bailiffs  of  the  college,  and  at  the  time  of 
the  general  account  of  the  auditor  and  receiver 
and  their  servants,  and  3s.  4e?.  per  week  divided 
amongst  the  fellows  in  relief  of  their  detriments, 
the  whole  being  communibus  annis  £20 ;  refections 
at  the  two  feasts  of  S.  John,  in  augmentation  of 
the  victuals  of  the  fellows,  £2  per  annum ;  expenses 
of  the  church  communibus  annis  £4 ;  purchase 
and  repair  of  utensils  communibus  annis  £4 ; 
repair  of  all  the  possessions  communibus  annis  £60 ; 
expenses  of  causes,  controversies,  and  suits  at  law 
respecting  the  lands  and  business  of  the  college 
communibus  annis  £14.  6s.  8c?;  expenses  of  the 
master  riding  to  London  in  the  term-time  for  the 
suits  of  the  college,  and  at  other  times  to  keep 
the  courts  at  the  college  manors,  communibus  annis 


s.  JOHN'S  COLLEGE.  85 

£13.  6s.  8d. ;  expenses  of  the  bursars  and  others  riding 
on  the  college  business  to  survey  tenements,  oversee 
repairs  and  in  similar  cases,  conimunibus  annis  £10 ; 
extraordinary  expenses,  communibus  annis  £20. 

The  college  estates  consisted  of  lands  and  tene- 
ments in  Cambridge,  Newnham,  Coton;  Cotten- 
ham,  Willingham,  Chesterton,  Barway,  Melbourn, 
Meldreth,  Milton,  Histon,  Weston,  Ditton,  Water- 
beach,  Babraham,  West  Wickham,  Steeple  Morden, 
Thriplow,  Fordham,  Horningsey,  Toft,  Hardwick, 
Caxton,  Comberton,  Bourn,  Madingley,  Upper 
Papworth,  Eltisley,  Drydrayton,  Fendrayton,  Ely, 
Leverington,  Bottisham,  and  Trumpington  in 
Cambridgeshire ;  Great  Bradley  in  Suffolk ;  Clavering, 
Ridgewell,  Thorington,  and  a  moiety  of  the  manor 
of  Eawreth  in  Essex;  lands  at  Ashwell,  and  the 
manor  of  Ramerick  in  Hertfordshire;  lands  at 
Stukeley,  Paxton,  and  Hilton  in  Huntingdonshire ; 
Blunham  in  Bedfordshire;  a  pension  from  the 
vicarage  of  Rockland  in  Norfolk;  the  manor  of 
Chawridge  with  the  members,  lands  at  Bromhall, 
and  the  rectory  of  Aldworth  in  Berkshire  and 
Surrey ;  the  rectory  of  North  Stoke  in  Oxfordshire ; 
lands  in  Holbeach,  Moulton,  and  Cranwell  in 
Lincolnshire ;  Staveley  in  Derbyshire ;  Millington, 
Marflete,  Kenethorpe,  Levyngton,  Easington,  Atwyk, 
Preston,  and  Uppaul  in  Yorkshire ;  the  manor  of 
Markham  in  Nottinghamshire ;  the  manor  and  rectory 
of  Higham,  the  manor  and  rectory  of  Hedcorne,  the 
rectory  of  Ospringe,  the  manors  of  Everlond,  Downe, 
and  Triamston  with  the  members,  in  Kent;  and 
tenements  in  Knightrider  street,  London. 


86  s.  JOHN'S  COLLEGE. 

The  total  annual  value  of  all  the  possessions  of 
the  college  above  reprises  was  £536.  17s.  4|J. 
and  the  yearly  expenses  exceeded  the  revenues  by 
£71.  Is.  l\d. 

In  1549,  the  statutes  of  the  college  were  revised 
by  the  commissioners  for  the  visitation  of  the 
university. 

A  further  licence  to  purchase  lands  was  granted 
to  the  college  by  king  Edward  VI.  in  the  sixth 
year  of  his  reign.  That  monarch  designed  a  con- 
siderable benefaction  to  the  college.  Amongst  the 
minutes  for  his  will,  taken  from  his  own  mouth  by 
secretary  Petre,  is  the  following: — "The  college 
of  St.  John's  in  Cambridge  to  have  of  our  gift  in 
land  £100  by  year  towards  maintenance  of  their 
charges." (a) 

Bishop  Fisher's  statutes  were  revived  in  the 
reign  of  queen  Mary,  but  laid  aside  on  the  acces- 
sion of  Elizabeth. 

When  queen  Elizabeth  visited  Cambridge  in 
August,  1564,  she  rode  into  the  hall  of  this  college 
where  an  oration  was  made  to  her  by  Humphrey 
Bohun,  M.A.,  one  of  the  fellows. 

In  consequence  of  the  disputes  respecting  religion 
which  had  prevailed  in  this  college  for  many  years, 
and  from  the  insufficiency  of  the  visitatorial  power 
of  the  bishop  of  Ely,  queen  Elizabeth,  on  the 
13th  of  July,  1576,  issued  a  commission  empowering 
William  lord  Burghley,  chancellor  of  the  university, 

(«)  From  the  same  document  it  appears  that  the  king  intended  that 
another  college  in  Cambridge  should  be  erected  by  his  executors  within  seven 
years,  and  that  the  same  should  be  endowed  with  lands  to  the  double  yearly 
value  of  S.  John's. 


s.  JOHN'S  COLLEGE.  87 

Richard  Cox,  bishop  of  Ely,  John  Whitgift, 
Andrew  Perne,  and  Edward  Hawford,  doctors  of 
divinity,  Henry  Harvey,  Thomas  Ithell,  and 
Thomas  Byng,  doctors  of  the  civil  law,  or  any  four 
of  them,  of  whom  lord  Burghley,  the  bishop  of 
Ely,  or  Dr.  Ithell  should  be  one,  to  visit  the 
college,  reform  abuses,  punish  delinquents,  and 
revise  the  statutes.  The  commissioners  in  1580 
gave  a  code  of  statutes,  which  with  some  slight 
alterations  continued  in  force  for  nearly  two  hundred 
and  seventy  years. 

In  26  Elizabeth  the  college  obtained  another 
licence  to  purchase  lands  in  mortmain. 

This  college  long  enjoyed  a  high  reputation  for 
the  excellence  of  its  dramatic  performances.  One 
play  in  english  entitled,  The  Return  from  Parnassus 
or  the  Scourge  of  Simony,  deserves  especial  notice. 
It  was  probably  acted  here  at  Christmas  1602, 
although  the  earliest  dated  edition  of  it  was  not 
published  till  1606.  It  is  a  production  of  considerable 
merit. 

Prince  Charles  (afterwards  king  Charles  I.)  and 
Frederick  prince  elector  palatine  of  the  Rhine, 
accompanied  by  many  nobles  and  gentry,  were 
entertained  at  this  college  in  March,  1612-13,  the 
master's  gallery  was  furnished  out  with  great  mag- 
nificence, trumpets  sounded  on  the  tower,  and  verses 
were  composed  and  presented  on  the  occasion.  The 
expenses  of  the  college  amounted  to  £130.  6s.  2d. 

King  James  I.  during  his  first  visit  to  the  univer- 
sity in  March,  1614-15,  was  entertained  at  this 
college  at  a  cost  of  £500.  His  majesty  it  is  said, 


88  s.  JOHN'S  COLLEGE. 

declared  on  this  occasion  that  there  was  no  more 
difference  between  S.  John's  and  Trinity,  than  be- 
tween two  sixpences  and  a  shilling. (a)  During  the 
king's  stay,  Thomas  Howard,  earl  of  Suffolk,  lord 
high  treasurer  of  England,  and  chancellor  of  the 
university,  lodged  in  this  college,  where  he  kept  a 
great  and  magnificent  table,  his  expenses  being 
estimated  at  no  less  than  £5000. 

King  Charles  I.  on  the  2nd  of  November,  1620, 
granted  letters  patent  empowering  the  society  to 
acquire  additional  lands  to  the  extent  of  £500  per 
annum,  and  on  the  19th  of  June,  1635,  by  other  letters 
patent  altered  the  statutes  so  as  to  allow  two  of  the 
fellows  to  study  the  civil  law  without  the  necessity 
of  taking  holy  orders. 

In  March  1641-2,  king  Charles  I.  with  the  prince 
of  Wales  came  to  this  college,  viewed  the  chapel 
and  library,  and  took  a  travelling  banquet  in  the 
further  court.  They  were  saluted  by  a  speech  from 
Mr.  Molle  the  public  orator.  John  Cleveland  the 
poet,  a  fellow  of  this  house,  also  made  a  congratulatory 
oration  in  latin.  After  the  king  had  eaten  a  little, 
he  gave  the  prince  (who  was  not  quite  twelve  years 
of  age)  good  store  to  put  in  his  pocket. 

In  August  1642,  when  the  several  colleges  in 
the  university  sent  their  plate  to  king  Charles  I., 
this  college  delivered  to  Mr.  Poley,  for  his  majesty's 
use.  no  less  than  20654  ounces :  £150  was  also  sent. 

/  &  * 

Dr.  Beale  the  master  was  seized  by  Cromwell  and 
sent  up  to   the  parliament   as   a    prisoner.       Soon 

(a)  It  must  be  recollected,  that  at  this  period  Trinity  college  consisted 
of  one  court  only,  and  S.  John's  of  two. 


s.  JOHN'S  COLLEGE.  89 

afterwards  twenty-nine  of  the  fellows  were  ejected 
for  their  loyalty.  In  July,  1643,  the  college  was 
turned  into  a  prison,  nineteen  of  the  king's  officers 
taken  at  Burghley  house  being  confined  therein. 

In  or  about  1650  it  was  proposed  to  grant  £100 
a-year  as  an  augmentation  of  the  mastership.  Its 
value  at  that  period  does  not  appear. 

On  the  27th  of  September,  1681,  Charles  II. 
and  his  queen  visited  this  college,  and  after  speeches 
had  been  made  and  presents  given  to  them,  viewed 
the  library,  and  afterwards  dined  in  the  long  gallery 
with  Dr.  Gower  the  master,  who  then  held  the  office 
of  vice-chancellor  of  the  university. 

On  the  23rd  of  May,  1691,  king  William  and 
queen  Mary  granted  the  college  a  licence  to  purchase 
the  manor  of  Wotton  Eivers  in  Wiltshire, (a)  as  also 
any  other  manors,  messuages,  or  hereditaments  not 
exceeding  the  clear  yearly  value  of  £1000. 

A  considerable  number  of  the  fellows  of  this 
college  were  nonjurors.  In  1694  an  unsuccessful 
attempt  was  made  to  dispossess  twenty  of  them  who 
had  neglected  to  take  the  oaths  to  king  William's 
government.  On  the  20th  of  January,  1716-17, 
twenty-two  of  the  fellows  were  ejected  for  refusing 
to  take  the  oaths  to  the  then  government.  Amongst 
them  was  Thomas  Baker,  B.D.,  the  pious  and  worthy 
historian  of  the  college.  Ever  afterwards  he  styled 
himself  socius  ejectus. 

King  George  III.  in  the  9th  year  of  his  reign, 
granted  to  the  college  a  licence  to  purchase  additional 
lands  not  exceeding  the  yearly  value  of  £600. 

(a)  Given  to  the  college  by  Sarah,  duchess  dowager  of  Somerset. 


90 


S.    JOHN  S   COLLEGE. 


OI.D    GATEWAY    BETWEEN    8.    JOHN'S    AND    TRINITY. 


King  George  IV.  granted  letters  patent  altering 
so  much  of  the  statutes  as  restricted  the  fellowships 
on  the  lady  Margaret's  foundation  to  natives  of 
particular  counties. 

Queen  Victoria  by  letters  patent  dated  28th  April, 
1849,  gave  a  new  code  of  statutes  for  the  govern- 
ment of  the  college. 

The  Cambridge  University  Commissioners,  on  the 
1st  of  July,  1859,  made  statutes  for  the  future 
regulation  of  this  college  and  for  making  further 
provision  for  maintaining  and  improving  the  disci- 
pline, studies,  and  good  government  thereof.  These 
statutes  which  were  subsequently  confirmed  by  Her 
Majesty  in  council,  do  not  however  entirely  supersede 


s.  JOHN'S  COLLEGE.  91 

the  former  code,  for  as  respects  the  visitatorial  power 
it  is  provided  that  the  bishop  of  Ely  shall  continue 
to  possess  all  the  powers  and  authorities  given  to  him 
by  any  former  statutes. 

BENEFACTORS. — Henry  Edial,  archdeacon  of  Ro- 
chester, and  John  Ryse  the  executors  of  John 
Morton,  cardinal,  archbishop  of  Canterbury,  founded 
four  scholarships;  John  Riplingham,  D.D.,  chantor 
of  the  church  of  Beverley  and  sometime  fellow  of 
Queens'  college  in  this  university,  by  deed  dated 
10th  September,  1516,  founded  two  scholarships; 
James  Beresford,  prebendary  of  Lichfield  and  vicar 
of  Chesterfield  and  Wirksworth  in  Derbyshire,  12th 
February  1519-20,  founded  two  fellowships  and  two 
scholarships ;  sir  Marmaduke  Constable,  of  Flam- 
borough  in  Yorkshire,  knight,  who  died  in  or  about 
1520,  founded  a  fellowship  and  four  scholarships^5 ; 
John  Bailey,  of  Syrescote  in  the  county  of  Stafford, 
yeoman,  in  1521  gave  £115  to  found  a  fellowship, 
and  in  1549  his  executor,  Nicholas  Agard,  of  Dunstal 
in  the  same  county,  gave  £17  by  way  of  aug- 
mentation ;  Robert  Ducket,  B.D.,  rector  of  Chevening 
in  Kent,  who  died  in  or  about  1521,  founded  two 
scholarships ;  Hugh  Ashton,  archdeacon  of  York,  one 
of  the  executors  of  the  foundress,  and  who  died  in  1522, 
founded  four  fellowships  and  two  scholarships,  and 
gave  money  and  plate;  Thomas  Linacre,  M.D.,  who 
died  20th  October  1524,  established  a  medical  lecture 


(a)  The  foundation  of  these  scholarships  has  been  erroneously  attri- 
buted to  his  brother  and  executor,  John  Constable,  LL.D.,  dean  of  Lincoln. 
It  was  probably  however  through  the  dean,  that  sir  Marmaduke's  bounty 
was  directed  to  this  college. 


92  s.  JOHN'S  COLLEGE. 

in  this  college ;  Joan  Rokeby,  relict  of  sir  Richard 
Rokeby,  knight,  founded  a  fellowship  in  1525 ; 
Robert  Halitreholme,  clerk,  in  1525  gave  £120, 
with  which  a  fellowship  was  founded;  Edward 
Gregson,  rector  of  Fladbury  in  Worcestershire, 
founded  in  1527  two  fellowships  and  a  scholarship ; 
William  Fell,  D.D.,  archdeacon  of  Nottingham,  who 
died  in  1528,  founded  a  fellowship,  two  scholarships 
and  two  sub-lectureships;  Robert  Simpson,  rector  of 
Layer  Marney  in  Essex,  in  1529  gave  £120  for 
the  foundation  of  a  fellowship  ;  John  Dowman,  LL.D., 
archdeacon  of  Suffolk,  and  canon  residentiary  of  S. 
Paul's,  who  died  about  1526,  founded  five  scholarships 
and  nine  sizarships,  and  gave  to  the  college  the 
patronage  of  the  free  grammar  school  at  Pocklington 
in  Yorkshire;  Robert  Fale,  by  will  21  Hen.  VIII. 
devised  lands  of  the  annual  value  of  £3  for  a  scholar 
to  be  sent  to  this  college  by  the  abbat  and  vicar  of 
Faversham  in  Kent ;  John  Keyton,  D.D.,  prebendary 
of  Sarum,(a)  founded  in  1533  two  fellowships  and  as 
many  scholarships;  Thomas  Thimbleby,  doctor  of 
decrees,  gave  in  1534  to  the  value  of  £180  in  plate, 
jewels,  and  money  for  the  foundation  of  a  fellow- 
ship and  a  scholarship ;  John  Fisher,  cardinal, 
bishop  of  Rochester,  and  one  of  the  executors  of 
the  foundress,  gave  land,  money,  plate,  vestments, 
books  and  ornaments  to  the  value  of  above  £1,110 
for  founding  four  fellowships,  two  scholarships,  four 
examinerships,  and  two  lectureships,  and  for  other 
purposes;  Robert  Shorten,  D.D.,  the  first  master  of 

(a)  He  is  said  to  have  been  also  archdeacon  of  Leicester.    This  however 
appears  to  be  a  mistake. 


•    G 


s.  JOHN'S  COLLEGE.  93 

this  college  and  afterwards  master  of  Pembroke 
hall,  gave  100  marks  in  1535  to  found  a  com- 
memorative dirge  in  this  college ;  Roger  Lupton, 
doctor  of  decrees,  provost  of  Eton  college,  and  pre- 
bendary of  Lincoln,  who  died  25th  Feb.,  1539-40, 
founded  in  his  lifetime  two  fellowships  and  eight 
scholarships,  moreover  he  gave  the  patronage  of 
the  free  grammar  school  of  Sedbergh;  Thomas 
Thompson,  D.D.,  master  of  Christ's  college,  who 
died  about  1540,  settled  eight  marks  per  annum 
on  two  fellows  of  this  college,  being  preachers; 
William  Chambre  of  Royston,  who  died  1546, 
granted  13s.  4d.  per  annum  for  a  sermon  at 
Royston,  on  every  Rogation  Monday,  by  a  fellow 
of  this  house ;  Catharine,  duchess  dowager  of 
Suffolk,  and  only  daughter  of  William  lord 
Willoughby  of  Eresby,  gave  in  1552  an  annual 
rent  of  £6.  13s.  4J.  for  the  exhibition  of  four  poor 
scholars  ;(aj  Robert  Carter  in  1563  devised  an  estate 
in  London  to  the  company  of  Fishmongers,  direct- 
ing that  out  of  the  rent  the  annual  sum  of  £4 
should  be  paid  to  a  poor  scholar  of  this  college ; 
sir  Ambrose  Cave,  K.B.,  chancellor  of  the  duchy  of 
Lancaster,  who  died  1568,  gave  £10  per  annum  to 
divinity  students  of  this  house ;  William  Littlebury, 
esq.,  in  1571  bequeathed  £200  for  an  exhibition  in 
this  or  Christ's  college;  John  Thurleston,  M.A., 
master  of  the  hospital  and  grammar  school  at 

(a)  This  benefaction  was  in  commemoration  of  her  sons  Henry  and 
Charles  Brandon,  successively  dukes  of  Suffolk,  who  were  students  of  this 
college.  They  were  youths  of  extraordinary  promise,  and  died  on  the  same 
day  (16th  July,  1551)  at  Buckden  in  Huntingdonshire,  being  victims  to  the 
epidemic  termed  the  sweating  sickness. 


94  s.  JOHN'S  COLLEGE. 

Hemsworth  in  Yorkshire,  on  20th  August,  1572, 
founded  a  scholarship;  John  Gwynne,  LL.D.,  some- 
time fellow,  gave  in  1574  £40  per  annum,  with 
which  scholarships  were  established ;  John  Park- 
hurst,  bishop  of  Norwich,  gave  100  marks ;  James 
Pilkington,  bishop  of  Durham,  sometime  master,  gave 
about  fifty  volumes  to  the  library ;  Mildred  Cecil 
lady  Burghley,  one  of  the  learned  daughters  of  sir 
Anthony  Cooke,  in  1578  founded  two  scholarships, (fl) 
and  subsequently  gave  £20,  and  presented  a  polyglot 
bible  to  the  library;  Thomas  Ashton,  M.A.,  master 
of  Shrewsbury  school  and  sometime  fellow  of  Trinity 
college,  who  died  in  1578,  founded  two  scholar- 
ships and  two  exhibitions  here ;  Robert  Home,  bishop 
of  Winchester,  sometime  fellow,  gave  MSS.  and 
printed  books  to  the  library;  William  Cecil  lord 
Burghley,  E.G.,  lord  high  treasurer  of  England  and 
chancellor  of  the  university,  gave  to  the  college  in 
1581  the  annual  sum  of  £30  for  augmenting  the 
commons  of  the  scholars  on  the  lady  Margaret's 
foundation,  and  for  other  purposes  ;(6)  Frances  Jermyn 
(sister  of  sir  Robert  Jermyn,  of  Rushbrooke  in  Suffolk), 
by  will  10th  Sept,  1581,  founded  a  scholarship; 
Henry  Heblethwaite,  citizen  and  draper  of  London, 
by  will  1587  bequeathed  £500  to  found  a  fellow- 
ship and  two  scholarships ;  Henry  Billingsley,  alder- 
man of  London  (afterwards  a  knight),  in  Feb.  1590-1, 

(a)  The  college  engaged  to  furnish  able  preachers  yearly  at  S.  Martins 
Stamford  Baron,  and  Cheshunt.      At  the  request  of  the  then  earl  of  Salis- 
bury, an  arrangement  was  made  in   1625,   that  the  sermons   theretofore 
preached  at  Cheshunt,  should  be  preached  at  Hatfield  and  Quixwood. 

(b)  Gabriel   Goodman,   D.D.,  dean  of  Westminster,  her  chaplain  and 
almoner,  was  the  nominal  founder  of  these  scholarships. 


s.  JOHN'S  COLLEGE.  95 

founded  three  scholarships;  William  Cardinal,  esq., 
in  1595  founded  exhibitions  for  two  poor  scholars 
at  this  college ;  William  Spalding,  of  Tamworth, 
in  1599  founded  a  scholarship,  which  was  augmented 
by  his  brother  John  Spalding,  of  Barton  in  Suffolk ; 
Eichard  Platt,  esq.,  by  deed  dated  28th  November, 
1600,  gave  the  college  a  right  of  nomination  to 
the  mastership  of  the  free  school  founded  by  him 
at  Aldenham  in  Hertfordshire;  Walter  Sawkins, 
citizen  of  London,  gave,  in  or  about  1600,  the 
annual  sum  of  40s.  as  an  exhibition  to  a  student 
in  divinity  in  this  college ;  Mary,  daughter  of 
sir  William  Cavendish,  of  Chatsworth,  knight,  and 
wife  of  Gilbert  Talbot,  earl  of  Shrewsbury,  con- 
tributed £2,760  towards  the  erection  of  the  second 
court ;  George  Palyn,  citizen  and  girdler  of  Lon- 
don, in  1608  gave  £300  to  purchase  lands  for 
exhibitions  to  four  of  the  poorer  scholars  of  the 
foundation ;  Jane  Walton,  widow  of  John  Walton, 
B.D.,  archdeacon  of  Derby,  founded  a  scholarship  in 
1609;  John  Hopper,  of  Colchester,  gent.,  in  1616 
gave  £100,  which  was  invested  for  the  increase  of 
the  allowance  to  two  of  the  sizars;  John  Buck, 
citizen  and  cutler  of  London,  gave  £3.  6s.  8d.  per 
annum  for  an  exhibition;  Robert  Hungate,  esq.,  of 
Lincoln's  Inn,  barrister-at-law,  sometime  a  pensioner 
of  this  college,  who  died  25th  July,  1619,  gave  40 
marks  per  annum  to  be  distributed  to  four  scholars; 
William  Maynard,  lord  Maynard  of  Wicklow,  founded 
a  logic  lecture  in  pursuance  of  a  licence  from  the 
crown  given  in  1620 ;  Mary,  widow  of  Robert  Lewis 
of  Colchester,  clerk,  bequeathed  in  1620  £100  to 


96  s.  JOHN'S  COLLEGE. 

found  a  scholarship  in  the  name  of  her  deceased 
husband;  Robert  Booth,  B.D.,  fellow,  superintended 
the  building  of  the  second  court,  erected  at  his  own 
charge  a  wooden  bridge  across  the  river  at  the 
back  of  the  college,  and  bequeathed  valuable  plate ; 
George  White,  gent.,  left  £8  per  annum  for  the 
relief  of  poor  scholars;  sir  Ralph  Hare,  of  Stow 
Bardolph,  K.B.,  gave,  30th  April,  1623,  the  impro- 
priate  rectory  of  Cherry  Marham  in  Norfolk,  the  profits 
to  be  bestowed  for  three  years  on  the  erection  of  the 
library  and  thereafter  for  the  maintenance  of  thirty 
of  the  poorest  and  best  disposed  scholars  of  the 
foundation  ;  Henry  Wriothesley,  earl  of  Southampton, 
gave  many  valuable  books  to  the  library;  John 
Knewstubs,  rector  of  Cockfield,  Suffolk,  and  sometime 
fellow,  who  died  29th  May,  1624,  gave  £10  per 
annum  for  the  relief  of  two  subsizars;  Anthony 
Higgins,  D.D.,  dean  of  Ripon,  by  will  dated  12th 
November,  1624,  bequeathed  £130,  to  improve  certain 
scholarships,  and  for  an  annual  sermon;  Robert 
Johnson,  B.D.,  archdeacon  of  Leicester  and  rector 
of  North  Luffenham  in  Rutland,  founded  four  exhi- 
bitions in  1625;  John  Williams,  bishop  of  Lincoln, 
lord  keeper  of  the  great  seal,  ultimately  archbishop 
of  York,  and  sometime  fellow,  founded  two  fellow- 
ships and  four  scholarships,  gave  four  advowsons,(fl) 
contributed  above  £2000  towards  the  erection  of 
the  library,  furnished  the  same  with  a  noble  collec- 
tion of  books,  and  gave  lands  at  Coton  for  the  use 
of  the  library  for  ever;  Thomas  Cecil,  B.D.,  sometime 

(a)  Two  of  these  advowsons  were  purchased  by  the  bishop  with  his  own 
money,  the  others  were  given  him  by  king  James  I.  for  the  good  of  this 
society. — Hackefs  Life  of  abp.  Williams,  ii.  25. 


•s.  JOHN'S  COLLEGE.  97 

fellow,  gave  all  his  books  to  the  library ;  Valentine 
Carey,  bishop  of  Exeter,  sometime  fellow,  gave  to 
the  library  law  books  to  the  value  of  £50 ;  Henry 
Alvey,  B.D.,  president,  who  died  25th  January, 
1626-7,  gave  100  marks  to  the  library,  and  £1.  6s.  Sd. 
per  annum  to  a  scholar,  he  also  built  at  his  own  cost 
a  bridge  leading  to  the  fields  ;  Mrs.  Margaret  Darcy, 
in  1628  founded  a  small  exhibition  at  this  college; 
John  Thompson,  esq.,  M.P.  for  the  town  of  Cam- 
bridge, secretary  to  Dr.  Williams,  bishop  of  Lin- 
coln and  sometime  fellow,  gave  many  books  to  the 
library;  Hilkiah  Crooke,  M.D.,  in  1631,  gave  valu- 
able MSS.  and  printed  books  to  the  library ;  Edward 
Bendlowes,  esq.,  sometime  fellow-commoner,  gave 
to  the  library,  in  1631,  books  of  the  value  of  £50, 
he  also  gave  globes  and  ornaments;  Richard  Whit- 
tington,  rector  of  Wheldrake  in  Yorkshire,  gave 
money,  with  which  was  purchased  the  vicarage  and 
impropriate  rectory  of  Holme  on  Spalding  moor; 
Abdias  Ashton,  B.D.,  sometime  fellow,  gave  100 
marks  to  the  library;  John  Nevison,  rector  of 
Taiikersley  in  Yorkshire,  sometime  fellow,  gave 
by  will,  in  or  about  1633,  100  marks  to  augment 
certain  scholarships ;  William  Robson,  citizen  and 
saltcr  of  London,  about  1633,  gave  £10  per  annum  for 
exhibitions  to  two  poor  scholars;  John  Collins,  M.D., 
Regius  professor  of  physic,  sometime  fellow,  be- 
queathed all  his  medical  books  to  the  library  and 
£100  to  purchase  others ;  John  Litherland,  rector 
of  Kettleburgh,  Suffolk,  gave,  in  or  about  1634,  lands 
in  Stonham  Parva,  in  that  county,  for  the  mainten- 
ance of  four  poor  scholars ;  Edmund  Mountstephen, 

VOL.  II.  II 


98  s.  JOHN'S  COLLEGE. 

esq.,  of  Paston  in  Northamptonshire,  sometime  a  stu- 
dent in  this  college,  who  died  4th  March,  1635-6, 
bequeathed  £1000  with  which  scholarships  were 
founded;  Edward  Allot,  M.B.,  gave  £50  to  be  expen- 
ded at  the  discretion  of  the  master  and  seniors,  which 
sum  was  applied  in  adorning  the  chapel;  William 
Platt,  esq.,  of  Highgate  in  Middlesex,  sometime 
fellow-commoner,  who  died  in  1637,  devised  con- 
siderable estates  in  and  near  London,  for  increasing 
the  number  of  fellows  and  scholars;  Francis  Dee, 
bishop  of  Peterborough,  sometime  scholar,  bequea- 
thed a  valuable  collection  of  books  to  the  library, 
and  gave  the  impropriate  rectory  of  Pagham  in 
Sussex,  and  other  lands,  with  which  a  fellowship 
and  two  scholarships  were  founded ;  Susannah  Hill 
of  London,  widow,  by  will  dated  llth  August,  1638, 
left  £600  for  relief  of  four  clergymen's  widows  and 
two  scholars  of  this  college,  being  sons  of  clergymen ; 
John  Highlord,  alderman  of  London,  by  will  2nd 
November,  1640,  gave  £500  for  the  maintenance  of 
poor  scholars;  Ambrose  Gilbert,  rector  of  Orset  in 
Essex,  who  died  1640,  bequeathed  valuable  books 
to  the  library  and  £18  per  annum  for  two  scholar- 
ships ;  Thomas  Spell,  B.D.,  fellow,  bequeathed  in 
or  about  1640,  £50  to  purchase  books  for  the  library; 
Lord  William  Howard  of  Naworth,  gave  to  the  library 
books  of  the  value  of  £100 ;  Joseph  Thurston,  B.D., 
rector  of  Beckingham  in  Lincolnshire,  gave  £50  to 
the  library;  Robert  Allot,  M.D.,  senior  fellow,  by 
will  dated  18th  December,  1641,  gave  £6  a  year  for 
the  relief  of  one  or  two  scholars  ;  William  Beale,  D.D., 
master,  gave  MSS.  and  printed  books  to  the  library ; 


s.  JOHN'S  COLLEGE.  99 

Richard  Holdsworth,  D.D.,  dean  of  Worcester,  some- 
time fellow  of  this  college,  and  afterwards  master  of 
Emmanuel  college,  gave  £50  to  the  library ;  Robert 
Metcalfe,  D.D.,  Regius  professor  of  Hebrew,  sometime 
fellow  of  this  college,  and  afterwards  vice-master  of 
Trinity  college,  bequeathed  £100;  Henry  Robinson, 
of  Monkton  in  the  isle  of  Thanet,  gent.,  by  will  1652, 
left  lands  with  which  four  scholarships  were  estab- 
lished; Thomas  Morton,  bishop  of  Durham,  gave 
books  of  the  value  of  £500,  and  various  large  sums 
of  money  to  the  library ;  sir  Robert  Wood,  of  Isling- 
ton, knight,  9th  February,  1659-60,  gave  lands  for 
founding  three  scholarships ;  Robert  Mason,  LL.D., 
master  of  the  requests  to  Charles  II.,  sometime  fellow, 
gave  a  valuable  collection  of  books  to  the  library; 
John  Barwick,  D.D.,  dean  of  S.  Paul's,  sometime 
fellow,  bequeathed  £300  by  will  in  1664 ;  sir  John 
Otway,  temporal  chancellor  of  Durham,  contributed 
£100  to  the  erection  of  the  third  court ;  Thomas 
Wriothesley,  earl  of  Southampton,  purchased  for 
the  library  the  large  and  valuable  collection  of 
books  which  had  belonged  to  William  Crashaw, 
a  noted  divine ;  Mathew  Hewytt,  of  Yorkshire, 
clerk,  gave  £50  a  year  for  exhibitions  to  four 
scholars ;  John  Hacket,  bishop  of  Lichfield,  gave 
£50  to  the  library;  William  Lacey,  D.D.,  rector 
of  Thornhill,  Yorkshire,  gave  £5  to  the  fabric, 
and  by  will  £16  a  year  for  exhibitions;  Thomas 
Brown,  esq.,  of  Arlesey,  Bedfordshire,  contributed  £50 
to  the  erection  of  the  third  court;  Isaac  Worrall, 
B.D.,  senior  fellow,  who  died  1670-1,  gave  by  will 
an  annuity  of  £16  to  two  scholars ;  Thomas  Fairfax, 


100  s.  JOHN'S  COLLEGE. 

lord  Fairfax,  contributed  £50  to  the  erection  of 
the  third  court;  Clement  Barling,  M.A.,  of  Horton 
in  Kent,  clerk,  by  will  1671  founded  two  scholar- 
ships ;  Thomas  Turner,  D.D.,  dean  of  Canterbury, 
contributed  £50  to  the  erection  of  the  third  court; 
sir  George  Viner,  bart.,  contributed  the  like  sum 
for  the  same  purpose;  Thomas  Brathwait,  esq.,  of 
Ambleside  in  Westmoreland,  gave  £30  towards  the 
erection  of  the  third  court,  and  by  will  9th  Novem- 
ber, 1674,  bequeathed  £250  for  the  maintenance  of 
two  scholars ;  Robert  Clarke,  B.D.,  senior  fellow, 
bequeathed  £200  to  found  a  scholarship ;  John  Carey, 
earl  of  Dover,  gave  £100  to  the  library;  Thomas 
Fothergill,  B.D.,  president,  left  £50  to  the  library ; 
Samuel  Hewlett,  M.A.,  sometime  fellow,  contributed 
£50  to  the  erection  of  the  third  court,  and  about 
80  volumes  in  french,  italian,  and  the  teutonic 
tongues,  to  the  library;  John  Symonds,  B.D.,  of 
Gislingham  in  Suffolk,  gave  £100  for  the  relief  of  a 
poor  scholar,  £10  for  the  erection  of  the  third 
court,  and  £5  to  the  library;  Samuel  Newton, 
vicar  of  Great  Samford  in  Essex,  in  1681  gave 
£60  to  augment  the  commons  of  the  proper  sizars ; 
Sarah,  duchess  dowager  of  Somerset,  daughter  of  sir 
Edward  Alston,  M.D.,  12th  July,  1682,  founded  five 
scholarships,  and  afterwards  by  will  gave  the  manor 
of  Wotton  Rivers  in  Wiltshire,  to  found  additional 
scholarships,  she  also  gave  the  alternate  presen- 
tation to  the  rectory  of  Wotton  Rivers;  Peter 
Gunning,  bishop  of  Ely,  sometime  master,  gave 
£600  and  bequeathed  his  library  valued  at  £500; 
James  Chamberlaine,  B.D.,  senior  fellow,  in  1684 


s.  JOHN'S  COLLEGE.  101 

left  £100 ;  John  Boughton,  B.D.,  senior  fellow,  by 
will  23rd  July,  1689,  gave  the  advowson  of  Barrow 
in  Suffolk;  Joshua  Ireland,  B.D.,  sometime  fellow, 
gave  £100  and  all  his  books  to  the  library;  William 
Gould,  B.C.,  senior  fellow,  bequeathed  £500  for 
purchase  of  advowsons;  Peirce  Brackenbury,  M.D., 
senior  fellow,  gave  the  impropriate  rectory  of  Mars- 
ton  Grafton  in  Yorkshire,  with  the  advowson  of  the 
vicarage,  also  lands  in  Deeping  S.  James  in  Lin- 
colnshire, the  rents  to  be  applied  in  purchase  of 
advowsons;  Henry  Paman,  M.D.,  contributed  to  the 
erection  of  a  stone  bridge  across  the  Cam  at  the 
back  of  the  college,  and  by  will  gave  £500  and  all 
his  books  not  specifically  bequeathed,  adding  by 
a  codicil  £50  to  purchase  other  books;  Samuel 
Fuller,  D.D.,  dean  of  Lincoln,  sometime  fellow,  be- 
queathed £500  to  purchase  an  advowson ;  Francis 
Turner,  bishop  of  Ely,  sometime  master,  contributed 
£250  to  the  erection  of  the  third  court;  Thomas 
Smoult,  D.D.,  senior  fellow,  and  professor  of  moral 
philosophy,  gave  £600,  whereof  £100  to  purchase 
books  for  the  library;  William  Beveridge,  bishop 
of  S.  Asaph,  sometime  fellow,  devised  the  advowson 
of  Barrow  on  Soar  in  Leicestershire,  and  gave  books 
to  the  library;  Thomas  Thurlin,  B.D.,  president, 
gave  £6  a  year  to  a  poor  scholar,  £500  to  purchase 
advowsons,  and  £300  to  buy  books  for  the  library ; 
George  Baker, (a)  esq.,  of  Crook  in  the  county  of 
Durham,  gave  £130  to  purchase  lands  to  maintain 

(a)  By  his  will  he  gave  a  large  sum  to  charitable  uses.  The  above 
amount  was  obtained  for  this  college  by  his  nephew  Thomas  Baker,  B.D.> 
then  fellow. 


102  s.  JOHN'S  COLLEGE. 

six  scholars;  Humphrey  Gower,  D.D.,  master,  gave 
an  estate  at  Triplow  to  the  mastership,  and  founded 
two  exhibitions  for  the  sons  of  clergymen;  Thomas 
Naden,  of  Hothersall  in  Lancashire,  clerk,  left  a 
good  legacy  for  three  students  in  divinity;  Hum- 
phrey Sanford,  esq.,  of  the  isle  of  Upper  Rossall 
in  S.  Chad's,  Shrewsbury,  sometime  fellow,  who 
died  1712,  left  £100;  Thomas  Watson,  bishop  of 
S.  David's,  sometime  fellow,  gave  the  advowsons  of 
Fulbourn  S.  Vigors  and  Brinkley  in  Cambridge- 
shire, and  Brandsburton  in  Yorkshire ;  Francis 
Roper,  B.D.,  sometime  fellow,  and  canon  of  Ely, 
bequeathed  all  his  property  to  the  college;  Thomas 
Wentworth,  esq.,  M.A.,  (ultimately  marquess  of  Rock- 
ingham,)  gave  books,  pictures,  and  plate;  Matthew 
Prior,  fellow,  the  celebrated  poet,  gave  to  the  library 
books  to  the  value  of  £200  including  some  choice 
french  and  italian  historical  works ;  Francis  Robins, 
B.D.,  senior  fellow,  and  rector  of  Cockfield,  Suffolk, 
gave  an  estate  for  the  purchase  of  advowsons,  also 
£600  and  more  than  1000  volumes  to  the  library; 
Richard  Hill,  LL.D,  fellow  of  Eton,  and  sometime 
fellow  of  this  college,  in  1723  obliged  his  heirs  to 
present  fellows  of  this  college  to  five  livings  in 
Norfolk;  Richard  Holmes,  of  Lowther,  clerk,  gave 
in  1735  £100,  the  interest  to  be  paid  to  a  poor 
scholar ;  Felicia  Jones,  in  1738  founded  an  ex- 
hibition of  £16  per  annum;  Thomas  Baker,  B.D., 
sometime  fellow,  who  died  1740,  bequeathed  a  valu- 
able collection  of  books  to  the  library;  John 
Newcome,  D.D.,  dean  of  Rochester,  and  master  of  this 
pollege,  who  died  1763,  founded  two  scholarships, 


s.  JOHN'S  COLLEGE.  103 

and  an  annual  prize,  and  gave  the  advowson  of  Min- 
ting in  Lincolnshire,  and  to  the  library  above  60  rare 
books;  William  Samuel  Powell,  D.D.,  master,  arch- 
deacon of  Colchester,  in  1774,  gave  £500  to  restore 
the  south  side  of  the  first  court ;  George  Osbaldiston, 
esq.,  M.A.,  gave  £300  for  the  same  purpose;  John 
Green,  bishop  of  Lincoln,  sometime  fellow,  founded 
an  exhibition  at  this  or  Corpus  Christi  college ;  John 
Taylor,  D.D.,  rector  of  Staplehurst  in  Kent,  and 
sometime  senior  bursar,  at  his  death  in  1784,  be- 
queathed £700 ;  John  Hulse,  B.A.,  of  Cheshire,  who 
died  1790,  gave  stipends  to  two  scholars  of  this 
college ;  William  Wilson,  B.D.,  rector  of  Moreton  in 
Essex,  sometime  fellow,  gave  £200,  the  interest  to 
be  paid  for  a  prize  to  the  best  reader  in  chapel ; 
Thomas  Gisborne,  M.D.,  president  of  the  college  of  phy- 
sicians, and  a  senior  fellow  of  this  college,  who  died 
1806,  gave  many  books  to  the  library ;  John  Mainwar- 
ing,  B.D.,  Margaret  professor  of  divinity,  sometime 
fellow,  who  died  1807,  bequeathed  £120  to  purchase 
theological  books ;  John  Wright,  esq.,  of  the  Inner 
Temple,  sometime  a  student  of  this  college,  in  1814, 
gave  £3000 ;  sir  Souldern  Lawrence,  justice  of  the 
King's  Bench,  sometime  fellow,  who  died  1814, 
bequeathed  to  the  library  all  his  law  books,  and 
£100  to  purchase  more;  William  Craven,  D.D., 
master,  and  professor  of  Arabic,  on  his  death,  in 
1815,  bequeathed  £3100  for  additional  buildings; 
sir  Isaac  Penningtoii,  M.D.,  regius  professor  of  physic, 
and  senior  fellow,  who  died  1816,  gave  considerable 
real  and  personal  estate  to  augment  the  mastership, 
and  for  exhibitions  to  scholars;  Edmund  Stanger, 


104  s.  JOHN'S  COLLEGE. 

B.D.,  fellow,  in  his  lifetime  gave  £100  and  by  will 
bequeathed  the  like  sum;  William  Winthrop,  B.D., 
fellow,  left  £5000  for  the  purchase  of  advowsons; 
James  Webster,  B.D.,  rector  of  Mepershall,  some- 
time fellow,  bequeathed  in  1833  £3500  to  increase 
the  number  of  fellowships  and  scholarships ;  Joseph 
Taylor,  B.D.,  fellow,  in  1836  left  nearly  300  volumes 
to  the  library;  Thomas  Catton,  B.D.,  senior  fellow, 
bequeathed  £300  in  1838;  James  Wood,  D.D., 
master,  dean  of  Ely,  in  his  lifetime  contributed  to 
the  erection  of  the  fourth  court,  and  at  his  death  in 
1839,  bequeathed  a  large  legacy  for  exhibitions  to 
students  most  in  want  of  pecuniary  assistance,  and 
distinguished  for  regularity  of  conduct,  industry, 
and  learning ;  Herbert  Marsh,  bishop  of  Peterborough, 
sometime  fellow,  contributed  to  the  cost  of  erecting 
the  fourth  court;  John  Palmer,  B.D.,  senior  fellow, 
and  professor  of  Arabic,  in  1840  bequeathed  £1000 
to  purchase  advowsons ;  sir  Joseph  Littledale,  justice 
of  the  King's  Bench,  sometime  fellow,  in  1842  be- 
queathed £1000,  whereof  £200  to  be  applied  in  the 
purchase  of  books  for  the  library;  Thomas  Whyte- 
head,  B.D.,  fellow,  in  his  lifetime  gave  a  lectern 
to  the  chapel,  and  at  his  death  in  1843,  bequeathed 
all  his  books  to  the  library;  Henry  Walter,  B.D., 
sometime  fellow,  bequeathed  to  the  library  in  1859, 
nearly  70  volumes  of  hebrew,  syriac,  and  Spanish 
books;  Thomas  Fry,  M.A.,  of  Lincoln  college,  Oxford, 
and  rector  of  Emberton  in  Buckinghamshire,  has 
settled  £32  per  annum  on  this  college  to  promote 
the  study  of  hebrew. 


s.  JOHN'S  COLLEGE.  105 

EMINENT  MEN. — Thomas  Arthur, (a)  an  active  pro- 
moter of  the  reformation  and  author  of  various  works, 
died  1532.  Henry  Gold,(a)  fellow,  a  strenuous  roman 
catholic,  executed  1534.  Robert  Shorton,(a)  D.D.,  first 
master  of  this  college,  afterwards  master  of  Pembroke 
hall,  archdeacon  of  Bath  and  dean  of  Stoke  by  Clare, 
died  1535.  Nicholas  Metcalfe,(a)  D.D.,  master,  arch- 
deacon of  Rochester,  died  1537.  Thomas  Greenwood, 
D.D.,(a)  fellow,  a  great  sufferer  for  his  attachment  to 
the  roman  catholic  religion,  died  1537.  Sir  Thomas 
Wyat,(a)  statesman,  diplomatist,  and  poet,  died  1542. 
John  Edmunds, (a)  D.D.,  fellow  of  this  college,  and 
afterwards  master  of  Peterhouse,  died  1544.  William 
Grindal,(fl!)  fellow,  an  admirable  greek  scholar,  tutor 
to  the  princess  Elizabeth,  afterwards  queen,  died  1584. 
Nicholas  Wilson,(a)  D.D.,  master  of  Michaelhouse, 
master  elect  of  this  college,  archdeacon  of  Oxford 
and  dean  of  Wimborne  Minster,  a  learned  roman 
catholic  divine,  died  1548.  Roger  Tonge,(a)  D.D., 
fellow,  chaplain  to  Edward  VI.,  an  able  preacher, 
flourished  1549.  Sir  Anthony  Denny, (a]  privy  coun- 
cellor  to  Henry  VIII.,  died  1549.  John  Reston,(a) 
D.D.,  fellow  of  this  house,  and  master  of  Jesus  college, 
died  1551.  John  Redman, (a)  D.D.,  fellow  of  this 
college,  and  afterwards  the  last  master  of  King's 
hall,  first  master  of  Trinity  college,  Margaret  pro- 
fessor, and  one  of  the  compilers  of  the  liturgy,  died 
1551.  Henry  and  Charles  Brandon, (a]  successively 
dukes  of  Suffolk,  youths  of  great  promise,  died  1551. 
John  Taylor,  master,  bishop  of  Lincoln,  died  1554. 
John  Maden,(a)  D.D.,  fellow  of  this  college,  afterwards 

(a)  Those  thus  marked  are  noticed  in  Athense  Cantabrigienses,  vol.  1. 


106  s.  JOHN'S  COLLEGE. 

master  of  Clare  hall,  and  Regius  professor  of  divinity, 
died  1555.  Roger  Hutchinson,(0)  fellow  of  this 
college,  and  afterwards  of  Eton,  a  learned  theological 
author,  died  1555.  Leonard  Pollard, {0)  fellow,  canon 
of  Worcester  and  Peterborough,  author  of  homilies, 
died  about  1555.  George  Day,(a)  master,  bishop  of 
Chichester,  died  1556.  Robert  Holgate,(a)  archbishop 
of  York,  died  1556.  Sir  John  Gheke,«  fellow,  public 
orator,  secretary  of  state,  an  admirable  scholar,  died 

1557.  Richard  Croke,(a)  D.D.,  fellow,  public  orator, 
famed   for  his   profound   knowledge   of  greek,    died 

1558.  John    Christopherson,(o)    fellow,    bishop    of 
Chichester,    died    1558.       Ralph    Baynes,(o)    fellow, 
bishop  of  Lichfield  and  Coventry,  died  1559.     Robert 
Pember,(a)   fellow,    an   excellent   greek   scholar,  died 
1560.      William   Bill,(a)  D.D.,   successively  master  of 
this  and   Trinity  college,   and  also   dean   of  West- 
minster,  and  provost    of  Eton   college,    died   1560. 
John  Seton,(o)  D.D.,  fellow,   a  noted  writer  on  logic, 
flourished  1561.      Sir  Thomas    Chaloner,(a)   an    able 
diplomatist;    and  learned  author,  died    1565.      John 
Lakyn,(0)  fellow  of  this  college,  and  afterwards  master  of 
Jesus  college,  died  about  1565.     Sir  Thomas  Hoby,(a) 
ambassador  to    France,    a   man   of    great    learning, 
died  1566.      Thomas  Becon,(a)  D.D.,    canon  of  Can- 
terbury, an  able  and  voluminous  theological   writer, 
died  1567.      Sir  Ambrose  Cave,(a)  chancellor  of  the 
duchy   of  Lancaster,   died   1568.      Roger  Ascham,(0) 
fellow,  public  orator,  latin  secretary  to  queens  Mary 
and  Elizabeth,  an  elegant  and  much  admired  writer, 
died  1568.     Francis  Babington,(a)  D.D.,  fellow  of  this 
college,  and  afterwards  successively  master  of  Balliol 


s.  JOHN'S  COLLEGE.  107 

college,  and  rector  of  Lincoln  college,  Oxford,  and 
Margaret  professor  there,  died  about  1569.  Thomas 
Davies,(a)  bishop  of  S.  Asaph,  died  1573.  Sir  Thomas 
Wroth, {0)  who  was  engaged  in  many  public  employ- 
ments under  Edward  VI.  and  Elizabeth,  died  1573. 
Roger  Kelke,<a)  D.D.,  fellow  of  this  college,  afterwards 
master  of  Magdalen  college,  and  archdeacon  of  Stow, 
died  1575-6.  James  Pilkington,(a)  master,  bishop 
of  Durham,  died  1575-6.  Thomas  Lever, (a)  master, 
archdeacon  of  Coventry,  an  able  preacher,  and  author 
of  sermons  and  theological  treatises,  died  1577.  Peter 
Carter, (a)  fellow,  author  of  Annotations  on  Seton's 
Dialectics,  flourished  1577.  Thomas  Drant,(a)  fellow, 
prebendary  of  S.  Paul's,  archdeacon  of  Lewes,  and 
author  of  sermons  and  poems  original  and  trans- 
lated, died  1578.  Richard  Longworth,(a)  D.D.,  master, 
dean  of  Chester,  died  1579.  Robert  Horne,(a)  fellow, 
bishop  of  Winchester,  died  1579.  John  Young, (a) 
D.D.,  fellow  of  this  college,  afterwards  master  of 
Pembroke  hall,  and  canon  of  Ely,  a  learned  roman 
catholic  writer,  died  1580.  George  Bullock, (a)  D.D., 
master,  Margaret  professor,  and  canon  of  Durham, 
author  of  a  latin  concordance  of  the  Bible,  died 
about  1580.  Christopher  Watson, (a)  translator  of 
Polybius,  died  about  1581.  John  Bourchier,(o)  abbat 
of  Leicester,  and  bishop  designate  of  Gloucester, 
died  about  1581.  Richard  Curteys,(a)  fellow,  bishop 
of  Chichester,  died  1582.  Thomas  Peacock,(a)  fellow 
of  this  college,  afterwards  president  of  Queens' 
college,  and  canon  successively  of  Norwich  and  Ely, 
died  about  1582.  Thomas  Wentworth,  lord  Went- 
worth,(a)  the  last  lord  deputy  of  Calais,  died  1583-4. 


108  s.  JOHN'S  COLLEGE. 

Richard  Alvey,(0)  fellow,  master  of  the  Temple, 
and  canon  of  Westminster,  an  able  and  famous 
preacher,  died  1584.  Thomas  Watson,(a)  master, 
bishop  of  Lincoln,  died  1584.  William  Bendlowes,(a) 
serjeant-at-law,  famed  for  great  professional  know- 
ledge, and  author  of  law  reports,  died  1584.  Alban 
Langdale,(a)  D.D.,  fellow,  archdeacon  of  Chichester,  a 
learned  roman  catholic  writer,  flourished  1584.  Ralph 
Lever, (o)  D.D.,  fellow,  archdeacon  of  Northumberland, 
canon  of  Durham,  and  author  of  several  curious 
works,  died  1584-5.  Thomas  Wilson,  D.D.,  fellow, 
dean  of  Worcester,  died  1586.  John  Hatcher,  M.D., 
fellow,  Regius  professor  of  physic,  died  1586-7.  Peter 
Bizarri,  fellow,  author  of  various  historical  works 
of  merit,  flourished  1587.  Nicholas  Shepherd,  D.D., 
master,  archdeacon  of  Northampton,  died  1587. 
John  Becon,  LL.D.,  fellow,  public  orator,  and  chan- 
cellor of  the  diocese  of  Norwich,  died  1587.  Edwin 
Sandys,  archbishop  of  York,  died  1588.  Francis 
Rodes,  justice  of  the  common-pleas,  died  1588. 
Andrew  Perne,  D.D.,  fellow  of  this  college,  afterwards 
master  of  Peterhouse,  and  dean  of  Ely,  died  1589. 
William  Fulke,  D.D.,  fellow  of  this  college,  and 
master  of  Pembroke  hall,  author  of  learned  works 
in  defence  of  protestantism,  died  1589.  Walter 
Marsh,  archdeacon  of  Derby,  1586-90.  John  Bell, 
D.D.,  dean  of  Ely,  and  master  of  Jesus  college,  died 
1591.  Abraham  Fraunce,  fellow,  poet,  flourished 
1591.  Robert  Greene,  dramatist,  died  1592.  Robert 
Cooke,  Norroy  king-at-arms,  died  1592.  Everard 
Digby,  fellow,  author  of  Theoria  Analytica,  De  Arte 
Natandi,  and  other  works,  flourished  1592.  Oliver 


s.  JOHN'S  COLLEGE.  109 

Pigg,  author  of  various  theological  works,  flourished 
1592.  Richard  Becon,  attorney  for  the  province 
of  Monster,  author  of  Solon  his  follie,  flourished 
1592.  Robert  Harrison,  a  famous  puritan,  author 
of  various  works,  died  about  1595.  Bartholomew 
Dodington,  fellow,  regius  professor  of  greek,  died 
1595.  William  Whitaker,  D.D.,  master,  regius  professor 
of  divinity,  a  consummate  theologian,  died  1595. 
John  Coldwell,  fellow,  bishop  of  Salisbury,  died  1596. 
James  Rowland,  fellow,  archdeacon  of  Northampton^ 
died  1597.  William  Cecil,  lord  Burghley,  K.G.,  lord 
treasurer  of  England,  and  chancellor  of  the  university, 
died  1598.  Leonard  Pilkington,  D.D.,  master,  regius 
professor  of  divinity,  died  1599.  Richard  Smith,  M.D., 
physician  to  queen  Elizabeth,  died  1599.  Robert 
Swift,  fellow,  spiritual  chancellor  of  Durham,  died 
1599.  Samuel  Norton,  an  alchemical  writer,  flourished 
1599.  John  Allenson,  fellow,  editor  of  Dr.  Whitaker's 
Praelectiones,  flourished  1599. 

Richard  Rowland,  master,  bishop  of  Peterborough, 
died  1600.  Michael  Heneage,  fellow,  an  able  anti- 
quary, died  1600.  Thomas  Nash,  dramatist,  died 
about  1600.  Gabriel  Goodman,  D.D.,  dean  of  West- 
minster, died  1601.  Thomas  Smith,  fellow,  registrary 
of  the  university,  1599-1601.  Sir  John  Rogers,  LL.D., 
ambassador  to  Flanders,  flourished  1603.  John 
Walton,  archdeacon  of  Derby,  died  1603.  Thomas 
Cartwright,(a)  leader  of  the  puritans  and  author  of 
many  learned  theological  works,  died  1603.  William 
Gilbert,  M.D.,  fellow,  physician  to  queen  Elizabeth 

(a)  He  was    originally   of  Clare  hall,  a  circumstance  with    which    we 
were  not  acquainted  until  after  our  account  of  that  college  was  printed. 


110  s.  JOHN'S  COLLEGE. 

and  James  L,  author  of  De  Magnete,  died  1603. 
John  Pilkington,  archdeacon  of  Durham,  died  1603. 
Arthur  Hall,  translator  of  Homer,  flourished  1604. 
William  Bayley,  fellow,  archdeacon  of  Northampton, 
1598-1604.  Edward  de  Vere,  earl  of  Oxford,  famed 
for  his  accomplishments  and  poetical  talents,  died 
1604.  William  Morgan,  bishop  of  S.  Asaph,  died 
1604.  Sir  Hugh  Platt,  author  of  many  curious 
works,  died  1605.  Lancelot  Browne,  M.D.,  president 
of  the  college  of  Physicians,  died  1605.  Percival 
Wyburne,  D.D.,  fellow,  a  celebrated  puritan,  died 
1606.  Sir  Henry  Billingsley,  sometime  lord  mayor 
of  London,  editor  of  Euclid,  died  1606.  Robert 
Spalding,  fellow,  Regius  professor  of  hebrew,  1605-7, 
one  of  the  translators  of  the  Bible.  John  Still, 
master,  bishop  of  Bath  and  Wells,  died  1607. 
Richard  Vaughan,  bishop  of  London,  died  1607. 
John  Palmer,  D.D.,  fellow,  dean  of  Peterborough 
and  master  of  Magdalen  college,  died  1607.  John 
Sterne,  suffragan  bishop  of  Colchester,  died  1607. 
Nicholas  Bond,  D.D.,  president  of  Magdalen  college, 
Oxford,  died  1607-8.  John  Dee,  fellow,  a  famous 
mathematician,  died  1608.  Thomas  Sackville,  earl 
of  Dorset,  K.G.,  lord  high  treasurer  of  England, 
chancellor  of  the  university  of  Oxford  and  a  poet, 
died  1608.  William  Baronsdale,  M.D.,  fellow,  pre- 
sident of  the  college  of  Physicians,  died  1608. 
Thomas  Playfere,  D.D.,  fellow,  Margaret  professor  of 
divinity,  died  1608-9.  John  Stockwood,  head  master 
of  Tunbridge  school,  author  of  numerous  works, 
died  1610.  William  Lee,  inventor  of  the  stocking- 
frame,  died  about  1610.  Thomas  Sutton,  the  muni- 


s.  JOHN'S  COLLEGE.  Ill 

ficent  founder  of  Charterhouse,  died  1611.  Hugh 
Broughton,  fellow,  a  famous  hebrew  scholar,  died 
1612.  Richard  Clayton,  D.D.,  master,  dean  of  Peter- 
borough, died  1612.  Sir  William  Dethick,  Garter- 
king-at-arms,  died  1612.  Richard  Butler,  archdeacon 
of  Northampton,  died  1612.  Robert  Cecil,  earl  of 
Salisbury,  K.G.,  lord  high  treasurer  of  England  and 
chancellor  of  the  university,  died  1612.  John 
Ludham,  vicar  of  Wethersfield  in  Essex,  author  of 
various  theological  works,  died  about  1612.  William 
Barlow,  bishop  of  Lincoln,  died  1613.  John  Map- 
lesden,  archdeacon  of  Suffolk,  died  1613.  Laurence 
Stanton,  D.D.,  fellow,  dean  of  Lincoln,  died  1613. 
John  Longworth,  D.D.,  fellow,  archdeacon  of  Wells, 
died  1613-4.  Alexander  Neville,  an  admirable  clas- 
sical scholar,  died  1614.  Henry  Constable, (o)  poet, 
died  1614.  John  Cooke,  dramatist,  flourished  1614. 
Richard  Remington,  archdeacon  of  Cleveland,  died 

1615.  Henry   Hickman,    LL.D.,    fellow,    master  in 
chancery   and   chancellor   of   the   diocese   of  Peter- 
borough,   died  about    1616.      Ottiwell    Hill,   LL.D., 
fellow,  commissary  of  the  university  and  chancellor 
of  the   diocese    of    Lincoln,    died    1616.      William 
Worship,   D.D.,   fellow,    a  noted  preacher,   flourished 

1616.  Edward   Doughty,   dean   of  Hereford,   died 

1616.  John  Jegon,  bishop  of  Norwich,  died  1617. 
Simon   Robson,    D.D.,    fellow,   dean  of  Bristol,    died 

1617.  John  Overall,  bishop  of  Norwich,  died  1619. 
Cuthbert  Bellot,   archdeacon  of  Chester,  died   1620. 
Edward    Bulkeley,    D.D.,    fellow,    rector    of   Odell, 

(a)  See  a  collection  of  his  poems,  with  some  account  of  the  author 
by  William  Carew  Hazlitt,  of  the  Inner  Temple,  esq.    London,  8vo.  1859. 


112  s.  JOHN'S  COLLEGE. 

Bedfordshire,  an  able  writer  in  defence  of  the  church, 
died  1620-1.  George  Buggies,  author  of  the  latin 
comedy  of  Ignoramus,  died  1621.  Henry  Copinger, 
fellow  of  this  college  and  afterwards  master  of  Mag- 
dalen college,  died  1622.  Edmund  Price,  fellow, 
archdeacon  of  Merioneth,  an  admired  welsh  poet, 
died  1623.  Robert  Hill,  D.D.,  fellow,  archdeacon  of 
Gloucester,  died  1623.  John  Knewstubs,  fellow,  rector 
of  Cockfield,  Suffolk,  a  noted  puritan,  died  1624. 
George  Meriton,  D.D.,  dean  of  York,  died  1624. 
Anthony  Higgins,  D.D.,  fellow,  dean  of  Ripon,  died 
1624.  James  Wriothesley,  lord  Wriothesley,  a  mili- 
tary commander  in  the  Netherlands,  died  1624. 
Henry  Wriothesley,  earl  of  Southampton,  K.G.,  died 
1624.  Stephen  Jerom,  author  of  Ireland's  Jubilee 
and  other  works,  flourished  1624.  Robert  Redmayne, 
LL.D.,  fellow,  chancellor  of  the  diocese  of  Norwich, 
died  1625.  Thomas  Howard,  earl  of  Suffolk,  K.G., 
lord  high  treasurer  of  England  and  chancellor  of 
the  university,  died  1626.  Valentine  Carey,  fellow, 
bishop  of  Exeter,  died  1626.  Richard  Stock,  a  pious 
divine,  author  of  a  commentary  on  Malachi  and 
other  works,  died  1626.  Richard  Senhouse,  fellow, 
bishop  of  Carlisle,  died  1626.  Samuel  Purchas, 
the  noted  geographical  writer,  died  1626.  William 
Crashaw,  canon  of  Ripon,  author  of  numerous  theo- 
logical works,  died  1626.  Henry  Alvey,  fellow 
of  this  college  and  afterwards  provost  of  Trinity 
college,  Dublin,  died  1626-7.  Andrew  Dowries,  fellow, 
regius  professor  of  greek,  one  of  the  translators 
of  the  Bible,  died  1627-8.  Thomas  Walkington, 
D.D.,  fellow,  vicar  of  Fulham,  author  of  the  Optick 


114  s.  JOHN'S  COLLEGE. 

Allot,  M.D.,  fellow,  compiler  of  England's  Parnassus, 
died  about  1641.  Robert  Newell,  D.D.,  archdeacon 
of  Buckingham,  died  1643.  Lucius  Gary,  viscount 
Falkland,  an  estimable  man  of  wonderful  abilities, 
killed  in  fighting  for  king  Charles  I.,  1643.  Samuel 
Ward,  D.D.,  master  of  Sidney  college  and  Margaret 
professor  of  divinity,  died  1643.  Robert  Dawson, 
bishop  of  Clonfert,  died  1643.  John  Bois,  fellow, 
canon  of  Ely,  one  of  the  translators  of  the  Bible  and 
author  of  learned  notes  on  the  Gospels  and  Acts, 
died  1643-4.  John  Farmery,  LL.D.,  chancellor  of  the 
diocese  of  Lincoln,  died  1647.  Herbert  Palmer,  D.D., 
president  of  Queens'  college,  author  of  various  works, 
died  1647.  Henry  Burton,  rector  of  $.  Matthew 
Friday  street,  London,  a  noted  and  much  persecuted 
puritan,  author  of  numerous  controversial  and  other 
works,  died  1647-8.  Thomas  Harding,  fellow,  second 
master  of  Westminster  school,  afterwards  rector  of 
Soulderne,  Oxfordshire,  a  great  greek  scholar,  and 
author  of  a  valuable  history  of  the  English  church, (ft) 
died  1648.  Sir  Robert  Heath,  chief  justice  of 
the  king's  bench,  died  1649.  Richard  Holdsworth, 
D.D.,  fellow,  dean  of  Worcester,  Margaret  professor 
of  divinity,  and  master  of  Emmanuel  college,  died 
1649.  John  Williams,  fellow,  archbishop  of  York, 
and  lord  keeper  of  the  great  seal,  died  1650.  Sir 
Symonds  D'Ewes,(6)  a  celebrated  antiquary,  died 

(a)  On  this  was  founded  bishop  Burnet's  History  of  the  Reformation. 
In  MS.  Tanner  89.  f.  4.  is  the  judgment  of  archbishop  Usher,  Thomas 
Gataker,  and  others,  commending  Mr.  Harding's  history  of  the  church. 

(6)  See  College  Life  in  the  time  of  James  the  first,  as  illustrated  by  an 
unpublished  diary  of  Sir  Symonds  D'Ewes,  baronet  and  M.P.  for  some  time 
a  fellow-commoner  of  S.  John's  college,  Cambridge.  Lond.  12mo.  1841. 


s.  JOHN'S  COLLEGE.  115 

1650.  George  Walker,  fellow,  rector  of  S.  John 
Watling  street,  London,  author  of  sermons  and  con- 
troversial works,  died  1651.  Henry  Herdson,  author 
of  Ars  Mnemoniaca,  1651.  William  Beale,  D.D., 
successively  master  of  Jesus  college  and  this  col- 
lege, a  great  sufferer  for  his  loyalty,  died  1651. 
Sir  Edward  Peyton,  author  of  the  Divine  Catas- 
trophe of  the  house  of  Stuart,  died  1652.  Robert 
Metcalfe,  D.D.,  Regius  professor  of  hebrew,  died  about 
1652.  Robert  Jenison,  D.D.,  fellow,  rector  of  S. 
Nicholas  Newcastle,  a  famous  puritan,  died  1652. 
Thomas  Gataker,  a  renowned  critic,  died  1654. 
Roger  Dodsworth,  the  great  antiquary,  died  1654. 
George  Snell,  fellow,  archdeacon  of  Chester,  died 
1655-60.  John  Hall,  (of  Durham,)  poet,  died  1656. 
John  Frost,  fellow,  rector  of  S.  Olave's  Hart 
street,  London,  author  of  select  sermons,  died  1657. 
Cave  Beck,  author  of  a  treatise  on  the  universal 
character,  flourished  1657.  Peter  Bulkeley,  fellow, 
a  noted  preacher  in  New  England,  author  of  the 
Gospel  Covenant  opened,  died  1658.  John  Cleveland, 
fellow,  poet,  died  1658.  George  Marshall,  warden 
of  New  college,  Oxford,  died  1658.  Thomas  Goodwin, 
fellow,  vicar  of  South  Weald,  Essex,  an  admirable 
preacher,  died  1658.  John  Arrowsmith,  D.D.,  master 
successively  of  this  and  Trinity  college,  Regius  pro- 
fessor of  divinity,  author  of  sermons  and  other  theo- 
logical works,  died  1658-9.  Thomas  Morton,  fellow, 
bishop  of  Durham,  died  1659.  Huntingdon  Plumptre, 
M.D.,  an  elegant  latin  poet,  died  1660.  Robert  Mason, 

This  interesting  work  was  written  by  the  rev.  John  Howard  Marsden,  B.D., 
late  fellow  of  this  college,  now  rector  of  Great  Oakley,  Essex,  and  Disney 
professor  of  archaeology. 

12 


116  s.  JOHN'S  COLLEGE. 

LL.D.,  fellow,  chancellor  of  the  diocese  of  Winchester, 
died  1662.  John  Gauden,  bishop  of  Worcester,  died 
1662.  Henry  Jessie,  ejected  minister  of  S.  George's 
Southwark,  a  noted  and  learned  preacher,  and  author 
of  numerous  works,  died  1663.  Henry  Lucas,  M.P. 
for  the  university,  founder  of  the  Lucasian  professor- 
ship, died  1663.  Henry  Robinson,  vicar  of  Leeds, 
author  of  Catechetical  Exercises,  died  1663.  John 
Barwick,  D.D.,  fellow,  dean  of  S.  Paul's,  died  1664. 
Anthony  Burgess,  ejected  rector  of  Sutton  Coldfield, 
one  of  the  assembly  of  divines,  author  of  a  com- 
mentary on  the  Corinthians,  and  other  works,  died 
1664.  .  Thomas  Newcomen,  D.D.,  prebendary  of 
Lincoln,  a  great  sufferer  for  his  loyalty,  died  1666. 
Dudley  North,  lord  North,  author  of  essays,  cha- 
racters, and  poems,  died  1666.  Thomas  Wriothesley, 
earl  of  Southampton,  K.G.,  lord  high  treasurer  of 
England,  and  high  steward  of  the  university,  died 
1667.  Lewis  West,  archdeacon  of  Carlisle,  died 
1667.  Algernon  Percy,  earl  of  Northumberland, 
K.G.,  lord  high  admiral,  died  1668.  Mathew  New- 
comen, ejected  vicar  of  Dedham,  Essex,  one  of  the 
assembly  of  divines,  and  an  able  controversialist, 
died  1668.  William  Cecil,  earl  of  Salisbury,  K.G., 
died  1668.  William  Gery,  D.D.,  archdeacon  of 
Norwich,  author  of  Spiritual  Gleanings,  died  1668. 
John  Austen,  an  able  roman  catholic  writer,  died 
1669.  Henry  Downhall,  D.D.,  fellow,  archdeacon  of 
Huntingdon,  died  1669.  Sir  Edward  Alston,  M.D., 
president  of  the  college  of  physicians,  died  1669. 
Edmund  Porter,  D.D.,  fellow,  canon  of  Norwich,  a 
learned  theological  writer,  died  1670.  Anthony 


s.  JOHN'S  COLLEGE.  117 

Tuckney,  D.D.,  master  of  this  college,  and  previously 
of  Emmanuel  college,  Regius  professor  of  divinity, 
author  of  numerous  sermons  and  other  works,  died 
1670-1.  Thomas  Fairfax,  lord  Fairfax,  commander- 
in-chief  of  the  parliament  forces,  died  1671.  William 
Lacey,  D.D.,  fellow,  rector  of  Thornhill,  Yorkshire, 
author  of  Disquisitions  respecting  the  solemn  league 
and  covenant,  died  1671.  Christopher  Terne,  M.D., 
a  London  physician  of  great  repute,  died  1673. 
Nicholas  Greaves,  dean  of  Dromore,  died  1673. 
Robert  Morgan,  bishop  of  Bangor,  died  1673.  Samuel 
Drake,  D.D.,  fellow,  prebendary  of  Southwell,  and 
vicar  of  Pontefract,  a  learned  and  loyal  divine,  died 
1673.  Robert  Herrick,  poet,  died  1674.  Edward 
Bendlowes,  poet,  died  1676.  Isaac  Basire,  D.D., 
fellow,  archdeacon  of  Northumberland,  author  of 
learned  theological  works,  died  1676.  William 
Cavendish,  duke  of  Newcastle,  K.G.,  commander-in- 
chief  of  the  forces  of  king  Charles  I.,  died  1676. 
Thomas  Howard,  duke  of  Norfolk,  died  1677.  Dudley 
North,  lord  North,  author  of  essays,  political  and 
other  works,  died  1677.  Robert  Wilde,  D.D.,  rector 
of  Aynho,  Northamptonshire,  author  of  several 
humorous  works,  died  1679.  Andrew  Wood,  D.D., 
fellow,  rector  of  Warmincham,  Cheshire,  an  able 
latin  poet,  died  1680.  Henry  Howard,  duke  of 
Norfolk,  died  1683.  James  Cecil,  earl  of  Salisbury, 
K.G.,  died  1683.  Matthew  Whinn,  registrary  of  the 
university,  died  1683.  Edward  Wolley,  bishop  of 
Clonfert,  died  1684.  William  Gulston,  bishop  of 
Bristol,  died  1684.  Peter  Gunning,  master,  bishop 
of  Ely,  died  1684.  Zacliary  Cawdrey,  fellow,  rector 


118  s.  JOHN'S  COLLEGE. 

of  Barthomley,  Cheshire,  author  of  a  Discourse  of 
Patronage  and  other  works,  died  1684.  Sir  Norton 
Knatchbull,  author  of  Annotations  on  the  New  Tes- 
tament, died  1684-5.  William  Jenkin,  an  able 
presbyterian  preacher,  author  of  an  exposition  on 
Jude,  and  of  sermons  and  other  works,  died  1684-5. 
Thomas  Otway,  poet,  died  1685.  Thomas  Short, 
M.D.,  an  able  London  physician,  and  author  of  several 
works,  died  1685.  Francis  North,  earl  of  Gruildford, 
lord  keeper  of  the  great  seal,  died  1685.  Edmund 
Castell,  D.D.,  arabic  professor,  author  of  Lexicon 
Heptaglotton,  died  1685.  John  Nalson,  LL.D.,  com- 
piler of  valuable  historical  collections,  died  1685-6. 
Thomas  Jacomb,  D.D.,  ejected  rector  of  S.  Martin's 
Ludgate,  a  learned  and  pious  divine,  author  of  ser- 
mons and  other  works,  died  1687.  John  Stillingfleet, 
D.D.,  fellow,  rector  of  Beckingham,  Lincolnshire, 
author  of  a  treatise  on  the  divine  presence  in  places 
of  worship,  and  advice  concerning  quakerism,  died 
1687.  Robert  Dixon,  a  sadly  persecuted  royalist, 
afterwards  canon  of  Rochester,  author  of  the  nature 
of  the  two  Testaments  and  other  works,  died  1688. 
Thomas  Godden,  alias  Tilden,  alias  Browne,  D.D., 
a  writer  in  defence  of  the  church  of  Rome,  died  1688. 
Thomas  Hodges,  fellow,  ejected  rector  of  Soulderne, 
author  of  a  treatise  on  prayer,  sermons,  and  other 
works,  died  1688.  John  Lake,  fellow,  bishop  of 
Chichester,  died  1689.  John  Billers,  fellow,  public 
orator,  1681-89.  Richard  Steel,  author  of  the  Hus- 
bandman's calling,  the  Tradesman's  calling,  and  other 
works,  died  1692.  Anthony  Walker,  D.D.,  rector 
of  Fifield,  Essex,  author  of  numerous  sermons  and 


s.  JOHN'S  COLLEGE.  119 

other  works,   died  1692.      Sir  John  Otway,  fellow, 
temporal  chancellor  of  Durham,  died  1693.     Matthew 
Robinson, (a)   fellow,    vicar   of  Burneston,    Yorkshire, 
a  pious  and  charitable  divine,  author  of  annotations 
on  the  Bible,   Cassander  Reformatus,  and  a  treatise 
of  Faith   by   a   dying    divine,    died    1694.      Philip 
Thomas  Howard,  cardinal,  died  1694.     Capel  Wise- 
man, bishop  of  Dromore,  died  1694.     Peter  Barwick, 
M.D.,  fellow,  physician  to  Charles  II.,  and  a  learned 
author,  died  1694.     James  Cecil,   earl  of  Salisbury, 
died    1694.      Henry    Paman,    LL.D.,    fellow,    public 
orator,  Gresham  professor  of  physic,  and  master  of 
the  faculties,  died  1695.      Henry  Newcome,(d)  some- 
time rector  of  Gausworth,  Cheshire,  and  afterwards 
preacher  at  Manchester,  a  man  of  worth  and  learn- 
ing, died  1695.     Henry  Felton,  LL.D.,  public  orator, 
died  about  1695.    Samuel  Shaw,  ejected  rector  of  Long 
Whatton,    Leicestershire,   and  afterwards   master  of 
Ashby-de-la-Zouch   school,    author    of   sermons   and 
other  works,    died    1696.       Robert    Grove,    fellow, 
bishop   of  Chichester,    died   1696.      Bryan   Turner, 
D.D.,   fellow,    archdeacon   of  Hereford,  died  1697-8. 
Thomas  White,  fellow,  bishop  of  Peterborough,  died 
1698.     Edward  Stillingfleet,  fellow,   bishop  of  Wor- 
cester, died  1699.     Samuel  Fuller,  D.D.,  fellow,  dean 
of  Lincoln,  died  1699-1700. 

Francis    Turner,    master,    bishop    of   Ely,    died 

(«)  See  his  autobiography  edited  with  illustrations  by  the  rev.  J.  E.  B. 
Mayor,  M.A.,  fellow  of  this  college,  Camb.  12mo.  1856. 

(b)  See  his  Diary  1661-63,  edited  for  the  Chetham  society  by  Thomas 
Heywood  esq.,  F.S.A.,  4to.  1849;  and  his  Autobiography  edited  for  the 
same  society  by  Richard  Parkinson,  D.D.,  F.S.A.,  principal  of  S.  Bees  college 
and  canon  of  Manchester,  2  vols.  4to.  1852. 


120  s.  JOHN'S  COLLEGE. 

1700.  John  Nicholson,    M.D.,   physician   at   York, 
a  celebrated  botanist,  died  1700,     Samuel  Croborow, 
D.D.,  sometime  archdeacon  of  Nottingham,  a  nonjuror, 
died  about   1700.       William  Saywell,   D.D.,   fellow, 
archdeacon  of  Ely,  and  master  of  Jesus  college,  died 

1701.  Christopher   Marsden,    archdeacon   of  Man, 
died  1701.     William  Russel,  M.D.,   baptist  minister, 
author  of  various  controversial  works,   died   1701-2. 
John  Milner,  vicar  of  Leeds,  author  of  the  Church 
History    of    Palestine,     and    critical     and     contro- 
versial  works,    died    1702.      Vincent  Alsop,  author 
of  numerous  works  in  favour  of  the  protestant  noncon- 
formists, died  1703.     Thomas  Lane,  LL.D.,  a  distin- 
guished advocate,  flourished  1704.     Abraham  de  la 
Pryme,  antiquary  and  natural  philosopher,  died  1704. 
Robert  Cory,  D.D.,  fellow,  archdeacon  of  Middlesex, 
died  1704-5.     Christopher  Nesse,  author  of  a  valuable 
commentary  on  the  scriptures  and   numerous   other 
works,    died   1705.      Titus   Gates,  the  concoctor  of 
the   popish   plot,   died   1705.      John  Sergeant,   alias 
Smith,  a  learned  roman  catholic  writer,   died    1707. 
Joseph  Hill,  minister  at  Middleburgh  and  Rotterdam, 
antiquary  and  lexicographer,    died    1707.      Thomas 
Wolsey,    fellow,    archdeacon   of  Northampton,    died 
1707.      Thomas   Smoult,    D.D.,    fellow,   professor    of 
moral  philosophy,  died    1707.      William   Beveridge, 
fellow,  bishop  of  S.  Asaph,    died   1707-8.     Matthew 
Sylvester,  author  of  the  life  of  Baxter,  died  1707-8. 
Edward  Stillingfleet,  M.D.,  fellow,  Gresham  professor 
of  physic,  died  1708.     Edmund  Hickeringill,  rector 
of  All  Saints',   Colchester,   author  of  various  works, 
and    remarkable    for    his    extravagant   notions   and 


OLLE6E. 

iour,  Ilium   Lloyd,   bishop  of 

Norwich,  died  1709-10.     Sir  Richard  Raines,  LL.D., 
the  admiralty,  died  1710.     Edward 
Villi*  f   Jersey,  a  celebrated    diplom 

and  sometime  secretary  of  state,  died  1711.     IM 

V  M.D.,  fellow',  physician  to  queen  Anrie,  and 

oiral  history  and  ahtiquit 
am  Binckes,  D.D.,  dean  of  LicK 
Henry  Watkinson,  LL.P. 

- 

Fatl  learned  workn,  di-  John 

•on  of  Cardigan,  f 
youth  of 
yer,  M. 

^714-15.   John  Smith, 
op  Wearni 
William  PearsOu, 


tied  1716.' 

.  bisho"p  of  S.  J 

iucs 

18.  'XD., 

i  1717- : 

1718.     Francis  W> 
>rthumberl; 

••i  1718. 


122  s.  JOHN'S  COLLEGE. 

Harris,  D.D.,  canon  of  Rochester,  author  of  Lexicon 
Technicum  a  collection  of  Voyages  and  Travels, 
sermons  and  other  works,  died  1719.  Thomas 
Browne,  fellow,  author  of  various  works  in  defence 
of  the  church  of  England,  flourished  1720.  Sir 
Dudley  Cullum,  an  able  horticulturist,  died  1720. 
Matthew  Prior,  fellow,  poet,  died  1721.  Owen 
Evans,  archdeacon  of  Cardigan,  died  1721.  Valen- 
tine Nalson,  canon  of  Ripon,  an  able  preacher,  died 

1722.  John  Billingsley,  presbyterian  minister,  author 
of  an  exposition  on  Jude,  sermons,  &c.,  died  1722. 
William    Baxter,    antiquary,    and    philologist,    died 

1723.  Thomas   Watson    Wentworth,   M.P.,    memo- 
rable for  his  public  and  private  virtues,  and   muni- 
ficence to  the  church,  died  1723.     Hilkiah  Bedford, 
fellow,  one    of  the   leading    nonjurors,    died    1724. 
Thomas   Bowers,   bishop   of  Chichester,    died   1724. 
John   Lowthorp,   compiler  of  an  abridgment  of  the 
Philosophical     Transactions,     died     1724.       Robert 
Grove,  fellow,  registrary  of  the  university,   1701-26. 
William  Wotton,  D.D.,  fellow,  prebendary  of  Sarum, 
famed  for    his   erudition   and   astonishing   memory, 
died    1726-7.      Robert   Jenkin,    D.D.,    master,    Mar- 
garet  professor   of  divinity,    and   author   of  theolo- 
gical works,  died  1727.     Richard  Hill,  LL.D.,  fellow, 
an    able   and   experienced   diplomatist,    died    1727. 
John   Parry,    archdeacon    of  Cardigan,    died    1727. 
Thomas   Bennett,    D.D.,   fellow,    vicar   of  S.    Giles', 
Cripplegate,    London,    author   of    numerous   contro- 
versial and  other  works,  died  1728.      Edward  Gee, 
D.D.,  fellow,  dean  of  Lincoln,  a  controversial  writer, 
died  1729.     John  Medley,  archdeacon  of  S.  David's, 


s.  JOHN'S  COLLEGE.  123 

died  1731.  Peter  Needham,  D.D.,  fellow,  editor  of 
Theophrastus,  died  1731.  Brook  Taylor,  LL.D.,  a 
distinguished  natural  philosopher  and  mathematician, 
died  1731.  William  Stanley,  D.D.,  dean  of  S.  Asaph 
and  master  of  Corpus  Christi  college,  author  of 
Discourses  against  the  church  of  Rome  and  other 
works,  died  1731.  Marmaduke  Fothergill,  a  learned, 
pious,  and  charitable  divine,  died  1731.  Andrew 
Glen,  rector  of  Hathern,  Leicestershire,  an  excellent 
botanist,  died  1732.  Pawlet  Saint  John,  D.D.,  fellow, 
rector  of  Yelden,  Bedfordshire,  an  eloquent  preacher, 
died  1732.  Narcissus  Luttrell,  a  noted  book  col- 
lector, author  of  an  Historical  Relation  of  State 
Affairs,  (1678-1714), <•>  died  1732.  Robert  Price, 
successively  baron  of  the  exchequer  and  justice  of 
the  common  pleas,  died  1732.  Lancelot  Newton, 
LL.D.,  fellow,  registrary  of  the  university,  died  1734. 
Samuel  Bold,  rector  of  Steeple,  Dorsetshire,  author 
of  many  sermons  and  controversial  works,  died  1737. 
Anthony  Hammond,  M.P.  for  the  university,  wit, 
poet,  and  political  writer,  died  1738.  James  Rey- 
nolds, fellow,  chief  baron  of  the  exchequer,  died 
1738-9.  Thomas  Wentworth,  earl  of  Strafford,  K.G., 
distinguished  as  a  military  commander,  diplomatist, 
and  statesman,  died  1739.  Thomas  Baker,  fellow, 
a  most  excellent  antiquary,  especially  conversant 
with  the  history  of  the  university,  died  1740.  Robert 
Sanderson,  one  of  the  compilers  of  the  Foedera, 
died  1741.  Richard  Bentley,  D.D.,  master  of  Trinity 

(a)  This  work  was  printed  at  Oxford,  6  vols.  8vo.  1857.  When  in 
MS.  it  was  much  quoted  by  lord  Macaulay  in  his  History  of  England. 
Sir  Walter  Scott  also  made  great  use  of  Mr.  Luttrell's  collection  of  the  fugi- 
tive pieces  of  the  reigns  of  Charles  II.,  James  II.,  William  III.  and  Anne. 


124  s.  JOHN'S  COLLEGE. 

college  and  Regius  professor  of  divinity,  the  great 
critic,  died  1742.  Francis  Peck,  antiquary,  editor 
of  Desiderata  Curiosa,  and  author  of  other  esteemed 
works,  died  1743.  James  Brydges,  duke  of  Chandos,. 
died  1744.  Matthew  Postlethwayt,  archdeacon  of 
Norfolk,  died  1745.  William  Broome,  LL.D.,  poet, 
died  1745.  John  Balguy,  vicar  of  Northallerton, 
author  of  sermons,  controversial,  and  other  works, 
died  1748.  Sir  Tancred  Robinson,  M.D.,  physician 
to  George  I.,  and  an  able  natural  philosopher,  died 
1748.  John  Kirkby,  author  of  various  mathematical 
and  miscellaneous  works,  flourished  1748.  Ambrose- 
Phillips,  fellow,  poet,  died  1749.  Philip  Williams, 
D.D.,  fellow,  public  orator,  died  1749.  Thomas 
Watson  Wentworth,  marquess  of  Rockingham,  K.B., 
died  1750.  Baptist  Noel,  earl  of  Gainsborough, (a) 
died  1750-1.  John  Bettesworth,  LL.D.,  dean  of 
the  Arches  and  judge  of  the  Prerogative  court,  died 

1751.  John    Bold,    an    exemplary    parish    priesty 
author    of    esteemed    religious    tracts,    died    1751. 
William  Powell,  D.D.,  dean  of  S.  Asaph,  died  1751. 
Robert     Eyton,    archdeacon     of    Ely,    died    1751. 
Thomas  Stackhouse,  vicar  of  Beenham,  Berks,  author 
of  a  History  of  the  Bible,  and  other  works  of  merit, 
died    1752.      William    Young,    lexicographer,    died 

1752.  Samuel  Croxall,    D.D.,    archdeacon   of  Salop, 
author    of    numerous    works,    died    1752.      George 
Adams,    author  of  translations  from  Sophocles,  ser- 
mons, dissertations,  and  other  works,  flourished  1752. 

(a)  There  is  a  high  character  of  this  nobleman  in  the  sermon  preached 
at  his  funeral,  by  John  Skynner,  M.A.,  fellow  of  this  college,  afterwards 
public  orator. 


s.  JOHN'S  COLLEGE.  125 

Samuel  Drake,  D.D.,  fellow,  antiquary,  died  1753. 
John  Pilgrim,  an  able  greek  scholar,  died  1753. 
Thomas  Mangey,  D.D.,  fellow,  canon  of  Durham, 
editor  of  Philo  Judseus,  and  author  of  various  works 
of  merit,  died  1754-5.  George  Smith,  a  bishop 
amongst  the  nonjurors,  and  an  able  antiquary,  died 
1756.  John  Henley,  (commonly  called  orator  Hen- 
ley) a  very  eccentric  man  of  considerable  attainments, 
died  1756.  Timothy  Neve,  D.D.,  archdeacon  of 
Huntingdon,  died  1757.  Christopher  Hunter,  M.D., 
physician  and  antiquary,  died  1757.  Edmund 
Sawyer,  master  in  chancery,  editor  of  Winwood's 
Memorials,  died  1759.  Egerton  Leigh,  LL.D.,  arch- 
deacon of  Salop,  died  1760.  John  Lynch,  D.D., 
dean  of  Canterbury,  died  1760.  John  Kippax, 
archdeacon  of  Man,  died  1760.  William  Murdin, 
editor  of  a  valuable  collection  of  State  Papers,  died 
1761.  Charles  Talbot  Blayney,  lord  Blayney,  dean 
of  Killaloe,  died  1761.  Robert  Smyth,(0)  rector  of 
Woodstone,  Huntingdonshire,  a  laborious  and  correct 
antiquary,  died  1761.  William  Noel,  justice  of  the 
common  pleas,  died  1762.  James  Tunstall,  D.D., 
fellow,  public  orator,  afterwards  vicar  of  Rochdale, 
an  erudite  divine  and  critic,  died  1762.  Charles 
Churchill,  poet,  died  1764.  Richard  Widmore, 
author  of  the  History  of  Westminster  abbey,  died 
1764.  Richard  Osbaldeston,  bishop  of  London, 
died  1764.  John  Newcome,  D.D.,  master,  dean  of 
Rochester,  and  Margaret  professor  of  divinity,  died 

(a)  From  Mr.  Smyth  was  derived  whatever  is  valuable  in  Edmund 
Carter's  History  of  the  University,  1753.  Unfortunately  Mr.  Smyth's 
peculiar  handwriting  led  Carter  into  not  a  few  preposterous  mistakes. 


126  s.  JOHN'S  COLLEGE. 

1765.  John    Taylor,   LL.D.,   fellow,   archdeacon   of 
Buckingham,  a  learned  critic  and   philologist,    died 

1766.  Samuel  Squire,  fellow,  bishop  of  S.  David's, 
died  1766.     Charles  Balguy,  M.D.,  physician  at  Peter- 
borough, translator  of  Boccacio,  died  1767.      William 
Geekie,  D.D.,  archdeacon  of  Gloucester,  died  1767. 
David   Edwards,    master    in    chancery,    died    about 

1767.  John   Taylor    (commonly    called    chevalier 
Taylor),   a    celebrated    oculist,    died    about    1767. 
Leonard    Chappelow,    fellow,    professor    of    arabic, 
died    1768.     Sir   Eichard  Wrottesly,    dean  of  Wor- 
cester,  died    1769.     Edward  Yardley,  fellow,    arch- 
deacon  of  Cardigan,    author   of  numerous  sermons, 
and   of  valuable   collections   relating  to  the  church 
of  S.   David's,    died    1770.      Mark   Akenside,    poet, 
died    1770.      Francis   Drake,    author   of  Eboracum, 
died    1770.     John    Burton,    author    of    Monasticon 
Eboracense  and  other  works,    died    1771.     William 
Clarke,  fellow,  chancellor  of  the  church  of  Chichester, 
a  learned  divine  and  antiquary,  died  1771.     Thomas 
Rutherforth,    D.D.,   fellow,  Regius   professor   of  divi- 
nity,   an   able    writer,    died    1771.      Adam   Askew, 
M.D.,   a   distinguished   physician  at  Newcastle-upon- 
Tyne,    died    1773.      Thomas   Bedford,    a   nonjuring 
divine,    editor   of    Simeon    of   Durham,    died    1773. 
William   Knowler,    LL.D.,    editor    of    the    Straff ord 
Letters,   died   1774.     William  Samuel  Powell,   D.D., 
master,  archdeacon  of  Colchester,  died  1775.     James 
Bate,  fellow,   author  of  sermons  and  works  against 
the   methodists    and    quakers,    died     1775.      Lewis 
Crusius,  D.D.,  master  of  Charterhouse  school,  author 
of  the  Lives  of  the  Roman  poets,  died  1775.    Stotherd 


s.  JOHN'S  COLLEGE.  127 

Abdy,  archdeacon  of  Essex,  died  1775.  George 
Carr,  author  of  3  vols.  of  sermons,  died  1776. 
William  Gostling,  the  Canterbury  antiquary,  died 

1777.  William  Bowyer,  a  learned  London  printer, 
died   1777.      Arthur    Hele,    prebendary   of    Wells, 
author  of  English   Harmonies   of  the   Gospel,   died 

1778.  Sir    Sidney    Stafford    Smythe,    chief  baron 
of  the  exchequer,  died  1778.     Samuel  Ogden,  D.D., 
fellow,  Woodwardian  professor,  author   of  excellent 
sermons,    died   1778.      William   Worthington,    D.D., 
prebendary  of  York  and  S.  Asaph,  author  of  numerous 
theological  works,  died  1778.     John  Cradock,  fellow, 
archbishop   of    Dublin,    died    1778.      John   Green, 
fellow,  bishop  of  Lincoln,  died  1779.     Richard  Rich- 
mond, bishop  of  Sodor  and  Man,  died  1780.     James 
King,  D.D.,    dean  of  Raphoe,    died  1780.     Edward 
Barnard,  D.D.,   fellow,  provost  of  Eton,  died  1781. 
Charles  Watson  Wentworth,  K.G.,  marquis  of  Rock- 
ingham,  first  lord  of  the  treasury,  died  1782.    George 
Mason,    bishop    of    Sodor    and    Man,    died     1783. 
Richard  Croftes,  M.P.  for  the  university,  died  1783. 
Thomas   Hartley,   a  leading   Swedenborgian  writer, 
died   1784.     Thomas   Constable,   archdeacon  of  the 
east  riding  of  York,  died  1786.     Sir  George  Edward 
Wilmot,    M.D.,  fellow,  physician  to   the  forces,  died 
1786.      Edward   Clarke,    fellow,    rector   of  Buxted, 
author  of  Letters  concerning  the  Spanish  Nation  and 
of  other  works,  died  1786.     Soame  Jenyns,  an  able 
essayist  and  miscellaneous  writer,  died  1787.  Edmund 
Law,  bishop  of  Carlisle,  died  1787.     Zachary  Brooke, 
D.D.,   fellow,    Margaret    professor   of    divinity,    died 
1788.     William   Ludlam,    fellow,   celebrated  for  his 


128  s.  JOHN'S  COLLEGE. 

discoveries  in  mechanics  and  mathematics,  died 
1788.  Fletcher  Norton,  lord  Grantley,  sometime 
speaker  of  the  house  of  commons,  died  1789.  George 
Holcombe,  archdeacon  of  Caermarthen,  died  1789. 
Thomas  Seward,  prebendary  of  Salisbury  and  Lich- 
field,  author  of  political  and  other  works,  and  editor 
of  Beaumont  and  Fletcher,  died  1790.  William 
Dade,  a  laborious  Yorkshire  antiquary,  died  1790. 
John  Hulse,  the  founder  of  the  Hulsean  lectures,  &c. 
died  1790.  Hugh  Boyd,  a  celebrated  political  writer, 
died  1791.  William  Weston,  fellow,  vicar  of  Camp- 
den,  Gloucestershire,  author  of  sermons  and  con- 
troversial works,  died  1791.  Sir  William  Fitzherbert, 
an  able  miscellaneous  writer,  died  1791.  John 
Eoss,  fellow,  bishop  of  Exeter,  died  1792.  Robert 
Clive,  archdeacon  of  Salop,  died  1792.  William 
Cradock,  dean  of  S.  Patrick's,  died  1793.  Francis 
Okely,  a  Moravian,  author  of  mystical  works,  died 
1794.  Michael  Tyson,  fellow,  archdeacon  of  Hun- 
tingdon, died  1794.  Richard  Southgate,  rector  of 
Worksop,  Nottinghamshire,  celebrated  as  a  numis- 
matist and  divine,  died  1795.  Andrew  Saint  John, 
dean  of  Worcester,  died  1795.  Charles  Dodgson, 
bishop  of  Elphin,  died  1795.  Thomas  Balguy,  D.D., 
fellow,  archdeacon  of  Winchester,  an  admirable 
writer,  died  1795.  Sir  William  Burrell,  LL.D.,  chan- 
cellor of  the  diocese  of  Worcester,  author  of  large 
collections  for  the  History  of  Sussex,  died  1796. 
Anthony  Shepherd,  D.D.,  Plumian  professor,  died 
1796.  Thomas  Thynne,  marquess  of  Bath,  died  1796. 
Samuel  Pegge,  LL.D.,  fellow,  prebendary  of  Lichfield 
and  Lincoln,  an  indefatigable  antiquary,  died  1796. 


s.  JOHN'S  COLLEGE.  129 

George  Travis,  archdeacon  of  Chester,  died  1797. 
William  Mason,  poet,  died  1797.  Egerton  Leigh, 
archdeacon  of  Salop,  died  1798.  George  Augustus 
Cowper,  earl  Cowper,  ambassador  at  Florence,  a 
famous  collector  of  pictures,  died  1799.  David 
Simpson,  author  of  a  Plea  for  Religion,  and  many 
other  works,  died  1799. 

William  Stevens,  D.D.,  fellow,  rector  of  Great 
Snoring,  Norfolk,  author  of  3  vols.  of  sermons, 
and  a  treatise  on  human  happiness,  died  1800* 
William  Wilson,  fellow,  author  of  Illustrations  of  the 
New  Testament,  died  1800.  Samuel  Pegge,  antiquary, 
died  1800.  William  Heberden,  M.D.,  fellow,  distin- 
guished as  a  physician  and  author,  died  1801* 
William  Drake,  D.D.,  vicar  of  Isleworth,  antiquary 
and  philologist,  died  1801.  James  Chelsum,  D.D., 
essayist,  and  amateur  of  the  fine  arts>  died  1801. 
Erasmus  Darwin,  poet,  died  1802.  Charles  Peter 
Layard,  D.D.,  fellow,  dean  of  Bristol,  died  1803. 
Joseph  Richardson,  author  of  satirical  and  dramatic 
works,  died  1803.  Charles  Nalson  Cole,  an  able 
legal  antiquary,  died  1804.  John  Skynner,  fellow, 
public  orator,  died  1805.  Charles  Cornwallis, 
marquess  Cornwallis,  K.G.,  a  distinguished  military 
commander,  and  successively  governor  general  of 
India,  and  lord  lieutenant  of  Ireland,  died  1805, 
Thomas  Gisborne,  M.D.,  fellow,  president  of  the 
college  of  physicians,  died  1806.  John  Hutton, 
fellow,  vicar  of  Burton  in  Kendal,  antiquary  and 
philologist,  died  1806.  Henry  Kirke  White,  poet, 
died  1806.  John  Symonds,  LL.D.,  professor  of 
modern  history,  died  1807.  George  Downing  Whit- 

VOL.  II.  K 


130  s.  JOHN'S  COLLEGE. 

tington,  author  of  a  survey  of  the  ecclesiastical  an- 
tiquities of  France,  died  1807.     George  Townshend, 
marquess  Townshend,  master  general  of  the  ordnance, 
and  lord  lieutenant  of  Ireland,    died   1807.      John 
Mainwaring,  fellow,  Margaret  professor  of  divinity, 
died  1807.     Thomas   Jones,   a  learned   and  highly 
esteemed  tutor  of  Trinity  college,  died  1807.    William 
Elliston,  D.D.,  master  of  Sidney  college,    died  1807. 
Theophilus    Lindsay,     fellow,     sometime    vicar    of 
Catterick,    a    noted    Unitarian    writer,    died    1808. 
Philip  Yorke,  viscount  Eoyston,  translator  of  Lyco- 
phron,  died  1808.     George  Ashby,  fellow,  rector  of 
Barrow,    Suffolk,     an    able     classical    scholar     and 
antiquary,  died  1808.      John  Kelly,  LL.D.,  a  great 
Celtic  scholar  engaged  in  translating  the  Bible  into 
the  Manks  language,  died  1809.      Thomas  Ludlam, 
author  of  essays  on  moral  and  theological   subjects, 
died  1811.      John  Home  Tooke,  politician  and  phi- 
lologist, died  1812.    Henry  Martyn,  fellow,  a  zealous 
and  devoted  missionary,  and  an  able  oriental  scholar, 
died   1812.      Francis  Annesley,    LL.D.,   first  master 
of  Downing  college,  died  1812.     Sir  Souldern  Law- 
rence, fellow,  justice  of  the  king's  bench,  died  1814. 
Samuel  Whitbread,  a  leading  member  of  the  house 
of   commons,    died    1815.       William    Craven,   D.D., 
master,   professor  of  Arabic,  died   1815.     Sir  Isaac 
Pennington,  M.D.,  fellow,  Regius  professor  of  physic, 
died  1817.      John  Somerville,   lord   Somcrvillc,(a)    a 
celebrated  agriculturist,  died  1819.     Josiah  Thomas, 
archdeacon    of    Bath,    author    of   numerous    works, 
died    1820.       William    Pearce,    D.D.,    fellow,    dean 

(a)  See  his  character  in  Sir  Walter  Scott's  Miscellaneous  Prose  Works. 


s.  JOHN'S  COLLEGE.  131 

of  Ely,  and  master  of  Jesus  college,  died  1820, 
Thomas  Dunham  Whitaker,  LL.D.,  author  of  the 
History  of  Whalley  and  other  excellent  topographical 
works,  died  1821.  John  Henniker,  lord  Henniker, 
author  of  archaeological  essays,  died  1821.  Edmund 
Outram,  D.D.,  fellow,  archdeacon  of  Derby,  and 
sometime  public  orator,  died  1821.  Thomas  Kipling, 
D.D.,  fellow,  dean  of  Peterborough,  died  1822. 
William  Stuart,  archbishop  of  Armagh,  died  1822. 
Robert  Stewart,  marquess  of  Londonderry,  K.G., 
secretary  of  state,  died  1822.  Cornelius  Neale,(o) 
fellow,  an  exemplary  and  pious  divine,  died  1823. 
Edward  Cliristian,  fellow,  Downing  professor  of  law 
and  editor  of  Blackstone's  Commentaries,  died  1823. 
Thomas  Villiers,  earl  of  Clarendon,  died  1824. 
Richard  Beadon,  fellow,  bishop  of  Bath  and  Wells, 
died  1824.  Samuel  Parr,  LL.D.,  a  great  classical 
scholar,  died  1825.  John  Fisher,  fellow,  bishop  of 
Salisbury,  died  1825.  John  Lens,  serjeant-at-law, 
a  lawyer  of  great  ability  and  extensive  practice,  died 
1825.  Sir  Frederick  Henniker,  traveller  in  the  East, 
died  1825.  Henry  Frederick  Thynne  Carteret,  lord 
Carteret,  died  1826.  Hugh  Owen,  archdeacon  of 
Salop,  one  of  the  authors  of  the  History  of  Shrews- 
bury, died  1827.  Robert  Stanser,  bishop  of  Nova 
Scotia,  died  1829.  Folliot  Herbert  Walker  Corne^ 
wall,  fellow,  bishop  of  Worcester,  died  1831.  James 
Fawcett,  fellow,  Norrisian  professor  of  divinity,  died 
1831.  Fearon  Fallows,  fellow,  astronomer  royal 

(a)  His  remains  consisting  of  Sermons,  Notes,  and  various  other  compo- 
sitions in  prose  and  verse,  with  a  memoir  by  William  Jowett,  M.A.,  sometime 
fellow  of  this  college ;  privately  printed,  Lond.  8vo.  1833. 

K2 


132  s.  JOHN'S  COLLEGE. 

at  the  cape  of  Good  Hope,  died  1831.  Thomas 
Hyde  Villiers,  secretary  of  the  board  of  controul, 
died  1832.  Richard  Ryder,  secretary  of  state,  died 
1832.  Lord  John  Townshend,  sometime  M.P.  for 
the  university,  died  1833.  Rowland  Hill,  a  popular 
preacher  amongst  the  dissenters,  author  of  numerous 
works,  died  1833.  William  Wilberforce,  the  cele- 
brated opponent  of  slavery,  died  1833.  Charles 
Philip  Yorke,  successively  secretary  at  war  and 
secretary  of  state,  died  1834.  James  Stanier  Clarke, 
LL.D.,  canon  of  Windsor,  historiographer  royal, 
author  and  editor  of  numerous  works,  died  1834. 
Henry  Ryder,  bishop  of  Lichfield  and  Coventry, 
died  1836.  Richard  le  Poer  Trench,  earl  of  Clan- 
carty,  G.C.B.,  sometime  ambassador  at  the  Hague, 
died  1837.  John  Charles  Villiers,  earl  of  Clarendon, 
died  1838.  John  Newling,  fellow,  canon  residen- 
tiary of  Lichfield,  famed  for  extensive  knowledge 
of  heraldry  and  genealogy,  died  1838.  Sir  Gerard 
Noel  Noel,  who  represented  Rutland  for  fifty  years, 
died  1838.  Thomas  Catton,  fellow,  a  distinguished 
astronomer,  died  1838.  James  Wood,  D.D.,  master, 
dean  of  Ely,  an  able  writer  on  algebra,  died  1839. 
Herbert  Marsh,  fellow,  bishop  of  Peterborough,  died 
1839.  Edward  Clive,  earl  Powis,  successively  gover- 
nor of  Madras,  and  lord  lieutenant  of  Ireland,  died 
1839.  Samuel  Butler,  fellow,  head  master  of  Shrews- 
bury school,  and  afterwards  bishop  of  Lichfield  and 
Coventry,  died  1839.  Edward  Berens  Blackburn,  chief 
justice  at  the  Mauritius,  died  1839.  Alleyne  Fitzher- 
bert,  lord  Saint  Helens,  diplomatist,  died  1839. 
Thomas  De  Grey,  lord  Walsingham,  successively 


s.  JOHN'S  COLLEGE.  133 

archdeacon  of  Winchester  and  Surrey,  died  1839. 
George  Peter  Holford,  sometime  secretary  of  the 
board  of  controul,  and  an  active  promoter  of  religious 
and  benevolent  objects,  died  1839.  John  Palmer, 
fellow,  professor  of  Arabic,  died  1840.  Thomas 
Calvert,  D.D.,  fellow,  warden  of  Manchester,  and 
sometime  Norrisian  professor  of  divinity,  died  1840. 
William  Ainger,  D.D.,  fellow,  principal  of  S.  Bees 
college,  and  canon  of  Chester,  died  1840.  Sir 
John  Bayley,  successively  justice  of  the  king's  bench 
and  baron  of  the  exchequer,  died  1841.  James 
Walker,  bishop  of  Edinburgh,  died  1841.  William 
Harrison,  a  distinguished  parliamentary  counsel,  died 
1841.  Sir  Joseph  Littledale,  fellow,  justice  of  the 
king's  bench,  died  1842.  James  Bowstead,  bishop 
of  Lichfield  and  Coventry,  died  1843.  Thomas 
Whytehead,  fellow,  missionary  in  New  Zealand, 
author  of  poems  in  english  and  the  language  of 
New  Zealand,  died  1843.  John  Bacon  Sawrey 
Morritt,  author  of  dissertations  on  classical  anti- 
quities and  translations  from  and  imitations  of 
the  greek  minor  poets,  died  1843.  John  Herman 
Merivale,  commissioner  of  bankruptcy,  a  copious 
contributor  to  periodical  literature,  and  author  of 
poems  original  and  translated,  died  1844.  Francis 
Seymour  Larpent,(a)  fellow,  judge  advocate  of  the 
army  in  the  peninsula,  died  1845.  William 
Heberden,  M.D.,  fellow,  royal  physician,  and  author 
of  professional  and  other  works,  died  1845.  George 

(a)  His  private  Journal,  edited  by  his  brother  sir  George  Larpent, 
was  published  in  3  vols.  1853,  and  there  was  a  second  edition  in  2  vols. 
the  same  year. 


134  s.  JOHN'S  COLLEGE. 

Gordon,  D.D.,  fellow,  dean  of  Lincoln,  died  1845. 
Thomas  Gisborne,  canon  of  Durham,  an  able  and 
voluminous  author,  died  1846.  Thomas  Clarkson, 
philanthropist,  the  determined  opponent  of  slavery, 
died  1846.  Dudley  Ryder,  earl  of  Harrowby,  some- 
time lord  president  of  the  council,  died  1847.  Hugh 
Percy,  duke  of  Northumberland,  K.G.,  lord  lieutenant 
of  Ireland,  and  chancellor  of  the  university,  died  1847. 
Thomas  Smart  Hughes,  fellow,  author  of  numerous 
works,  including  a  History  of  England  in  continuation 
of  Hume  and  Smollet,  died  1847.  Joseph  Holden 
Pott,  successively  archdeacon  of  S.  Alban's  and  of 
London,  and  chancellor  of  the  church  of  Exeter, 
author  of  numerous  sermons,  charges,  and  pamphlets, 
died  1847.  Samuel  Birch,  D.D.,  fellow,  prebendary 
of  S.  Paul's,  and  Gresham  professor  of  geometry, 
died  1848.  Edward  Herbert,  earl  Powis,  K.G., 
celebrated  as  a  champion  of  the  established  church, 
died  1848.  Thomas  Starkie,  Downing  professor  of  law, 
an  able  writer  on  legal  subjects,  died  1849.  Edward 
Stanley,  bishop  of  Norwich,  died  1849.  William 
Wordsworth,  poet,  died  1850.  Daniel  Guilford 
Wait,  LL.D.,  a  distinguished  orientalist,  died  1850. 
Richard  Boyle  Bernard,  D.D.,  dean  of  Leighlin, 
died  1850.  Sir  Lancelot  Shadwell,  fellow,  vice-chan- 
cellor of  England,  died  1850.  Charles  Ewan  Law, 
recorder  of  London,  and  M.P.  for  the  university,  died 

1850.  George  Gough  Calthorpe,  lord  Calthorpe,  died 

1851.  Jelinger  Symons,  rector  of  Radnage  Bucks,  an 
able   botanical  writer,  died  1851.     John   Haviland, 
M.D.,  fellow,  Regius  professor  of  physic,   died  1851. 
Algernon    Frampton,    M.D.,    fellow,    a    distinguished 


s.  JOHN'S  COLLEGE.  135 

London  physician,  died  1851.  Anthony  Hamilton, 
archdeacon  of  Taunton,  died  1851.  G-eorge  Millers, 
author  of  an  admirable  description  of  Ely  Cathedral, 
died  1852.  Thomas  Spencer,  fellow,  perpetual 
curate  of  Hinton  Charterhouse,  celebrated  for  his 
incessant  exertions  to  elevate  the  labouring  classes, 
died  1853.  Henry  Raikes,  chancellor  of  the  diocese 
of  Chester,  an  able  and  judicious  antiquary,  died  1854. 
John  William  Whittaker,  D.D.,  vicar  of  Blackburn, 
author  of  many  controversial  works,  died  1854. 
Thomas  Denman,  lord  Denman,  chief  justice  of  the 
queen's  bench,  died  1854.  Charles  Scott  Luxmoore, 
dean  of  S.  Asaph,  died  1854.  Robert  Henry  Clivc, 
an  active  member  of  parliament,  and  good  antiquary, 
died  1854.  Owen  Emeric  Vidal,  bishop  of  Sierra 
Leone,  died  1854.  Sir  George  Henry  Rose,  diplo- 
matist, editor  of  the  Marchmont  Papers,  died  1855. 
Sir  William  Molesworth,  secretary  of  state,  editor 
of  the  works  of  Thomas  Hobbes,  died  1855.  John 
Hildyard,  commissary  of  the  university,  died  1855. 
William  Selwyn,  author  of  an  esteemed  work  on  the 
law  of  Nisi  Prius  and  of  Law  Reports,  died  1855. 
John  Cowling,  fellow,  an  able  lawyer  in  extensive 
practice,  died  1855.  William  Jowett,  fellow,  an 
active  missionary,  author  of  Christian  Researches 
and  other  works,  died  1855.  John  Charles  Snowball, 
fellow,  author  of  mathematical  works  of  repute, 
died  1855.  William  Williams,  an  extraordinary 
linguist,  and  a  great  encourager  of  Cambrian  litera- 
ture, died  1855.  John  James  Blunt,  fellow,  Margaret 
professor  of  divinity,  an  able  theological  writer,  died 
1855.  Hugh  Percy,  bishop  of  Carlisle,  died  185G. 


136  s.  JOHN'S  COLLEGE. 

Sir  William  Temple,  diplomatist  and  collector  of 
classical  antiquities,  died  1856.  George  Augustus 
Frederick  Percy  Sydney  Smythe,  viscount  Strang- 
ford,  author  of  Historic  Fancies,  died  1857.  Ralph 
Tatham,  D.D.,  master,  sometime  public  orator,  died 

1857.  William  Yates  Peel,  M.P.  for  the  university, 
died    1858.      Sir   William    Cockburn,    D.D.,    fellow, 
dean    of  York,    author    of    numerous    works,    died 

1858.  John     Henry    Browne,    fellow,    archdeacon 
of  Ely,   died  1858.     George  Child  Villiers,    earl  of 
Jersey,    died    1859.     Frederick    Robinson,    earl    of 
Ripon,  sometime  first  lord  of  the  treasury,  died  1859. 
James  Inman,  D.D.,  fellow,  professor  of  mathematics 
at  Portsmouth,  an  able  writer  on  naval  architecture, 
died    1859.      Frederick   William   Hervey,    marquess 
of   Bristol,    diecl  1859.     Thomas    Philip    de    Grey, 
earl  do  Grey,  successively  first  lord  of  the  admiralty, 
and  lord  lieutenant  of  Ireland,  an  excellent  architect, 
and  munificent  patron   of  the  fine   arts,  died  1859. 
Thomas     Carr,    bishop     of    Bombay,     died     1859. 
Charles  Butler  Clough,  dean  of  S.  Asaph,  died  1859. 
Henry  Walter,  fellow,  professor  of  natural  philosophy 
at  Haileybury  college,  author  of  a  History  of  England 
and  other  works,    died    1859.      Richard   Parkinson, 
D.D.,   principal   of  S.    Bees   college,    canon   of  Man- 
chester,   and  author  of  sermons,    poems,    and   other 
works,  died  1859.    Gilbert  Elliot,  earl  of  Minto,  G.C.B., 
sometime   first   lord   of   the    admiralty,    died    1859. 
Francis  Cox  Paget  Reynolds,  archdeacon  of  Bombay, 
died     1859.       George    Pearson,    fellow,     sometime 
Christian    advocate,     editor    of  Coverdalo's    works, 
died  1860. 


stru< 


on 
the 

oVer  gateway 
nd  very  noble 

ited  niche 
t,  beneath 
'mdress 

>,  the   j 


s.  JOHN'S  COLLEGE.  139 

in  consequence  of  her  misfortunes  she  was  only  able 
to  contribute  £2700,  and  the  residue  of  the  expencc 
was  therefore  defrayed  by  the  society.  The  principal 
feature  of  this  spacious  and  handsome  court  is  the 
gateway  tower  on  the  western  side.  Over  this 
gateway  is  a  statue  of  the  countess  of  Shrewsbury, 
presented  to  the  college  by  her  nephew  William 
Cavendish,  the  famous  duke  of  Newcastle. 

The  third  court  which  abuts  westwardly  on  the 
river  is  of  brick  with  stone  ornaments.  It  contains 
on  the  north  side  the  library,  which,  with  the  rooms 
under  it,  was  completed  in  1624.  The  southern(a) 
and  western  sides  were  commenced  in  1669. 
The  total  cost  of  that  portion  of  the  fabric  was 
£5256.  6s.  3|J.,  whereof  £2010.  Is.  Sd.  was  con- 
tributed in  money  and  materials  by  various  bene- 
factors/^ the  balance  of  £3246.  4s.  l\d.  being 

(a)  Mr.  Cole  records  that  Thomas  Baker,  the  historian  of  the  college, 
"  lived  up  one  pair  of  stairs  in  the  third  court  on  the  south  side." 

(b)  We  subjoin  a  list  of  such  contributions  as  do  not  occur  in  our  list 
of  benefactors :    Michael  Adams,  B.D.,  fellow  of  Manchester,  and  rector 
of  Treyton,  Yorkshire,  £10;  William  Allestry,  esq.,  of  Derby,  lead  worth 
£3;    John  Armstrong,  B.D.,  fellow,  £15;    Thomas  Ball,  rector  of  Elton, 
Huntingdonshire,  £20;   Godfrey  Barton,  vicar  of  Stanton  by  Dale,  near 
Derby,  lead  worth  £3  ;  Peter  Barwick,  M.D.,  a  gratuitous   loan  of  £208 
for  many  years ;    Isaac  Basire,  D.D.,  archdeacon  of  Northumberland,  and 
canon  of  Durham,  £20;  Richard  Beresford,  D.D.,  rector  of  North  Wingfield, 
Derbyshire,  £20 ;  Walter  Bernard,  vicar  of  Worksop,  Nottinghamshire,  £5  ; 
Samuel  Bold,  vicar  of  Swarston,  lead  worth   £3;    Robert  Bonner,   vicar 
of  Hartburn,  Northumberland,  £3 ;  Thomas  Brown,  archdeacon  of  Derby, 
and  vicar  of  Wirksworth,  £10  ;  Anthony  Burgess,  rector  of  S.  Bartholomew 
the  great,  London,  £10.  10s.;  John  Burgoyne,  of  Button,  Bedfordshire, 
esq.,   (afterwards  bart.,)    £5 ;    Kichard    Carr,   of  Newcastle  upon  Tyne, 
esq.,  (afterwards  knight,)  £10;   Zachary  Cawdrey,  rector  of  Barthomley, 
Cheshire,    £10;     Thomas   Charlton,  esq.,   of  Chilwell,  Nottinghamshire, 
£3;    John   Cox,  rector   of   Risby,   Suffolk,   £13;    sir    William   Dalston, 
of   Heath  hall    Yorkshire,    £10  ;    Thomas    Davison,    vicar    of    Norton 
co.  Durham,   £10;    Thomcs  Davison,  esq.,  alderman   of  Newcastle  upon 


140  s.  JOHN'S  COLLEGE. 

defrayed  by  the  society.  On  the  western  side  of 
this  court  is  a  small  cloister.  This  side  of  the 
court  and  the  river  front  may  be  characterised  as 
extremely  quaint  and  picturesque. 

Tyne,  £10 ;  Thomas  Dowsing,  gent,  of  Cottenham,  Cambridgeshire,  £5 ; 
Cresheld  Draper,  esq.,  of  Crayford,  Kent,  £20;  Richard  Edwards,  esq., 
of  Arlesey  Bedfordshire,  £10.  10s. ;  Cuthbert  Ellison,  esq.,  of  Newcastle 
upon  Tyne,  £10;  Henry  Eyre,  M.D.,  of  Bramley,  Yorkshire,  £10;  George 
Fothergill,  rector  of  Worksop,  Nottinghamshire,  £10;  Thomas  Gladwyn, 
esq.,  of  Tup  ton,  Derbyshire,  lead  to  the  value  of  £40;  John  Goddard,  rector 
of  Caistor  S.  Edmund,  Norfolk,  £20 ;  George  Gregory,  esq.,  Nottingham, 
£10;  Arthur  Heron,  B.D.,  rector  of  Bardwell,  Suffolk,  £10;  Michael 
Honywood,  D.D.,  dean  of  Lincoln,  £10 ;  Cadwallader  Jones,  rector  of 
Reresby,  Leicestershire,  £10 ;  Robert  King,  esq.,  of  Great  Thurlow, 
Suffolk,  £5  ;  John  Lake,  prebendary  of  York  and  rector  of  Prestwich 
in  Lancashire,  (afterwards  bishop  of  Chichester,)  £5 ;  William  Lewis, 
LL.D.,  sometime  fellow  of  Jesus  college,  £5 ;  John  Manners,  earl  of 
Rutland,  £20 ;  Edward  Mawson,  rector  of  Hunsworth,  Yorkshire,  £o ; 
William  lord  Maynard  of  Easton  and  Wicklow,  £20;  Henry  Miller, 
esq.,  of  Derby,  lead  worth  £3 ;  John  Nicol,  esq.,  alderman  of  London, 
£25;  Dudley,  lord  North,  of  Kirtling,  £10;  sir  Francis  North,  afterwards 
lord  Guildford,  and  lord  keeper,  £10 ;  sir  Henry  North,  bart.,  of  Milden- 
hall,  £5;  William  Osborn,  vicar  of  S.  Peter  Derby,  lead  worth  £3; 
Nicholas  Pasmore,  rector  of  Collyweston,  Northamptonshire,  carriage  of 
stone  to  the  value  of  £4 ;  George  Gilbert  Pierce,  esq.,  of  Maidstone,  £5 ; 
John  Perne,  M.A.,  fellow  of  Peterhouse,  £5;  Francis  Plott,  lead  worth 
£3 ;  sir  Metcalfe  Robinson,  bart.  of  Newby,  £40  ;  Thomas  Rokeby,  esq., 
of  Mortham,  Yorkshire,  £10;  Christopher  Sanderson,  gent,  of  Newcastle 
upon  Tyne,  £10. ;  sir  Thomas  Sclater,  fellow  of  Trinity  college,  a  gratuitous 
loan  of  £200  for  two  years ;  Elizabeth  Seckford,  widow,  of  Seckford  hall, 
Suffolk,  £5 ;  Thomas  Seniour,  gent,  of  Dodsworth,  Yorkshire,  £3 ;  sir 
Robert  Shafto,  of  Newcastle  upon  Tyne,  £10  10s.;  John  Sheldon,  rector 
of  Alphington,  Devon,  £10 ;  William  Soame,  of  Little  Thurlow,  Suffolk, 
£5 ;  John  Stanhope,  esq.,  of  Eliaston  Derbyshire,  lead  worth  £3 ;  Edward 
Trotter,  esq.,  of  Skelton  castle,  Yorkshire,  £10 ;  Godfrey  Watkinson,  gent, 
of  Brampton,  Derbyshire,  lead  worth  £3 ;  Henry  Watkinson,  LL.D.,  chan- 
cellor of  York,  £10;  William  Watson,  LL.D.,  dean  of  Battle,  £10;  John 
Wentworth,  esq.,  of  Wooley,  Yorkshire,  £20 ;  Thomas  White,  rector  of  All- 
hallows  the  Great,  London,  (afterwards  bishop  of  Peterborough),  £5.  5s. ; 
Thomas  Wilson,  vicar  of  Wallsgrave,  lead  worth  £3 ;  Thomas  Wolsey,  D.D., 
archdeacon  of  Northampton,  and  rector  of  Thornhaugh,  £10;  John 
Wood,  gent,  of  Nabs,  Yorkshire,  locks,  &c.  worth  £10;  Richard  Wrench, 
B.D.,  canon  of  Durham,  £13  6s.  8d. 


s.  JOHN'S  COLLEGE. 


APPROACH   TO    THE   BRIDGE   LEADING    TO   THE   FOURTH    COURT. 


The  fourth  or  new  court,  on  the  western  side  of 
the  Cam,  communicates  with  the  other  parts  of  the 
college  by  a  handsome  covered  bridge  of  a  single 
arch.  On  the  southern  side  of  this  court  is  a  vaulted 
cloister,  having  in  the  centre  an  elegant  gateway 
with  a  rich  pendent  roof  in  the  interior,  and  ex- 
ternally a  low  ornamented  gable  with  lofty  pinnacles 
at  the  corners.  In  the  centre  of  the  northern  side 
of  the  court  is  a  massive  lantern  tower  with  angular 
turrets.  The  southern  and  western  fronts  towards 
the  college  walks  are  much  admired,  and  the  eastern 
front  which  abuts  on  the  Cam,  has  a  massive  and 
striking  appearance.  This  court  which  is  fronted 
with  stone  throughout,  was  commenced  in  1827, 
partially  occupied  in  1830,  and  completed  in  1831. 


142 


s.  JOHN'S  COLLEGE. 


INTERIOR    OF   THE    COVERED    BRIDGE. 


The  architects  were  Thomas  Rickman,(a)  and  Henry 
Hutchinson(6)  of  Birmingham. 

(a)  Thomas  Rickman,  born  at  Maidenhead,  Berks,  8th  June,  1 776,  died 
at  Birmingham  in  January,  1841.  His  Treatise  on  Gothic  Architecture 
is  well  known  and  in  high  estimation. 

(6)  Henry  Hutchinson,  born  at  Ticknall,  Derbyshire,  26th  Oct.  1800, 
died  at  Leamington  Priors,  22nd  Nov.  1831.  He  was  buried  at  Hampton 
Lucy  in  Warwickshire,  where  there  is  a  monument  to  his  memory.  The  in- 
scription, which  records  the  principal  works  on  which  he  was  engaged, 
especially  notices  the  buildings  at  this  college. 


s.  JOHN'S  COLLEGE.  143 

THE  CHAPEL((I)  has  still  some  handsome  features, 
although  the  alterations  and  repairs  made  at  succes- 
sive periods  have  detracted  from  the  appearance  it 
must  have  originally  presented.  The  bishop  of  Ely's 
licence  empowering  bishop  Fisher  to  consecrate  the 
chapel  bears  date  26th  of  July,  1516. (b} 

The  whole  length  of  the  building  is  one  hundred 
and  twenty  feet,  of  which  the  choir  occupies  seventy- 
four.  The  breadth  is  twenty-five  feet. 

There  were  formerly  four  chantries  attached. 
Those  of  bishop  Fisher  and  archdeacon  Ashton  on 
the  north  side  will  be  hereafter  noticed.  The  two 
on  the  south  side,  which  have  been  long  demolished, (c) 
were  for  Dr.  Keyton,  and  Dr.  Thompson,  master 
of  Christ's  college. 

On  the  north  side  of  the  ante-chapel,  under  a 
handsomely  ornamented  arch,  is  a  tomb  enclosed 
with  iron  rails,  on  which  is  the  painted  recumbent 
effigy  of  Hugh  Ashton,  archdeacon  of  York,  who 
according  to  the  inscription,  died  9  cal.  Dec.  1522. 
Underneath  is  a  cadaver.  This  monument  is  adorned 
with  the  rebus  or  device  of  the  deceased,  an  ash 
springing  from  a  tun.(d) 

Behind   this   monument,    but    separated   from   it 

(a)  We  have  been  indebted  to  "  Some  account  of  S.  John's  College 
chapel,  Cambridge,  its  history  and  ecclesiology,  being  a  paper  read  be- 
fore the  Cambridge  Architectural  Society,  February  18th,  1848,  by  F.  C. 
Woodhouse,  S.  John's  College."  Camb.  8vo.  1848. 

(6)  There  has  been  much  difference  of  opinion  as  to  whether  the  chapel 
of  the  college  occupies  the  site  of  the  chapel  of  the  hospital ;  but  the  dis- 
tinct traces  of  early  english  work  still  remaining  leaves  little  doubt  that 
this  is  the  case. 

(c)  They  appear  in  Loggan's  view  of  the  college. 

(d)  The  archdeacon  was  buried  here,  but  had  a  similar  tomb  in  York 
minster.    The  inscription  is  inaccurate  as  respects  the  date  of  his  death. 


144 


s.  JOHN'S  COLLEGE. 


MONUMENT    OF    HUGH    ASHTON. 


by  a  modern  partition  of  wood,  is  archdeacon  Ashton's 
chantry.  It  is  nineteen  feet  ten  inches  by  thirteen 
feet  two  inches,  and  is  lighted  by  three  small  square- 
headed  windows,  two  toward  the  north,  and  one 
towards  the  east. 

In  the  ante-chapel,  immediately  opposite  the 
entrance  to  the  choir,  is  a  fine  sitting  statue  of 
James  Wood,  D.D.,  master  and  dean  of  Ely,  by 
E.  H.  Bailey,  R.A. 

There  are  also  in  the  ante-chapel  brasses,  tablets, 
and  inscribed  stones  to  the  memory  of  Christopher 
Jackson,  M.A.,  fellow  and  Linacre  lecturer,  3  Jul. 
1528;  Nicholas  Metcalfe,  master,  1537;  John  Smith, 
D.D.,  canon  of  Durham,  and  rector  of  Bishop's  Wear- 
mouth,  born  at  Lowther  in  Westmorland,  1659, 


146  s.  JOHN'S  COLLEGE. 

The  wood-work  of  the  choir  is  very  good  both 
in  design  and  execution.  There  are  carved  mise- 
reres, and  the  ends  of  the  book-boards  are  ornamented 
with  poppy-heads  and  carved  figures.  Behind  and 
above  the  stalls  the  walls  are  panelled  with  oak, 
neatly  worked. 

The  windows  are  plain,  destitute  of  mouldings, 
and  almost  without  internal  splay.  The  east  window 
has  seven  lights,  with  plain  perpendicular  tracery 
in  the  head. 

In  these  windows  are  the  arms  of  Dr.  Horneby ; 
Alan  Percy,  master;  dean  Wood,  master;  bishop 
Gunning ;  bishop  Pilkington ;  dean  Newcome,  master ; 
Dr.  Craven,  master ;  lord  Burghley ;  Lucius  Gary, 
viscount  Falkland;  cardinal  Morton;  archbishop 
Sandys ;  Thomas  Wentworth,  earl  of  Strafford ; 
Catherine  Brandon,  duchess  of  Suffolk;  Dr.  Butler, 
bishop  of  Lichfield  and  Coventry ;  Dr.  Morton,  bishop 
of  Durham  ;  bishop  Stillingfleet ;  bishop  Dee  ;  bishop 
Marsh ;  bishop  Beveridge ;  William  Platt,  esq. ; 
Thomas  Sutton,  founder  of  Charterhouse;  bishop 
Beadon ;  bishop  Fisher  of  Salisbury ;  sir  Marmaduke 
Constable ;  sir  Isaac  PenningtOn,  M.D.  ;  Mary,  coun- 
tess of  Shrewsbury  ;  bishop  Fisher  of  Rochester ;  the 
foundress ;  Sarah  duchess  of  Somerset ;  archbishop 
Williams ;  Dr.  Bentley ;  Dr.  Linacre ;  lady  Burghley ; 
bishop  Overall;  sir  John  Cheke;  Roger  Ascham; 
Dr.  Lupton;  archdeacon  Johnson;  sir  Ralph  Hare, 
K.B.  ;  Henry  Hebblethwayte ;  Dr.  Dowman ;  rev. 
John  Hulse;  bishop  Lake;  rev.  Thomas  Baker; 
bishdp  Turner ;  William  Lloyd,  bishop  of  Norwich ; 


s.  JOHN'S  COLLEGE.  147 

White,  bishop  of  Peterborough;  and  Dr.  Gower, 
master. (a} 

The  roof  is  modern,  of  plain  oak,  resting  on 
corbels  charged  with  a  rose  and  portcullis  alternately. 

The  organ  which  is  a  fine  instrument,  was  pur- 
chased in  1839  by  a  subscription  of  the  master, 
fellows,  and  other  members  of  the  college. 

On  the  north  side  of  the  altar  is  bishop  Fisher's 
chantry.  Its  dimensions  are  twenty-seven  by  ten 
feet.  It  is  lighted  by  a  single  window  at  the 
west,  and  communicates  with  the  chapel  by  means 
of  three  good  arches  neatly  ornamented  with  panel 
work  and  shafts  at  the  corners.  This  chantry  is  now 
fitted  up  with  seats. 

On  the  altar  is  a  Bible  and  prayer  book  bound 
together  in  crimson  velvet  with  silver  bosses  and 
enrichments,  the  gift  of  Mary  Allott,  widow,  1636, 
also  two  silver  candlesticks  of  elaborate  design.  At  the 
celebration  of  the  Holy  Communion  a  magnificent  altar 
cloth  of  cloth  of  gold  is  used.  The  communion  plate 
consists  of  a  very  large  alms  dish,  two  patens,  four 
chalices  with  covers,  and  two  flagons,  all  of  silver 
gilt.  The  altar-piece,  a  fine  painting  by  Anthony 
Raphael  Mengs,  representing  the  reception  of  the 
body  of  our  Lord  after  it  had  been  taken  down 
from  the  cross,  was  presented  in  1841  by  the  late 
Hon.  Robert  Henry  Clive,  M.P.(J) 

(a)  These  coats  of  arms  which  cost  £5.  5s.  each,  were  set  up  in  1842. 
The  cost  was  defrayed  by  individual  members  of  the  society.  There  are 
also  heraldic  badges  contributed  by  other  members.  These  cost  £2.  2s. 
each. 

(6)  The  previous  altar-piece  was  a  painting  by  sir  Robert  Ker  Porter 
of  S.  John  the  Baptist  preaching  in  the  wilderness. 

L2 


148  s.  JOHN'S  COLLEGE. 

The  eagle  lectern  of  brass(a)  was  given  in  1840 
by  the  late  rev.  Thomas  Whytehead,  then  a  fellow 
of  the  college. 

On  the  south  wall  of  the  choir  is  a  tablet  com- 
memorating Richard  Worsley,  esq.,  student,  (son 
and  heir  of  sir  Richard  Worsley,  bart.,  of  Apple- 
durcomb,  Isle  of  Wight,)  2  March,  1714-15,  set. 
19.  On  the  floor  are  inscriptions  for  Humphrey 
Gower,  D.D.,  master,  Margaret  professor  of  divinity 
and  canon  of  Ely,  27  May,  1711,  set.  74;  John 
Newcome,  D.D.,  master,  dean  of  Rochester,  and  Mar- 
garet professor  of  divinity,  10  Jan.,  1765,  set.  82 ; 
William  Samuel  Powell,  D.D.,  master,  archdeacon 
of  Colchester  and  rector  of  Freshwater,  19  Jan.  1775, 
aet.  58  ;  John  Chevallier,  D.D.,  elected  master,  1  Feb. 
1775,  died  14  March,  1789,  set.  59  ;  William  Cra- 
ven, D.D.,  elected  master,  29  March,  1789,  died  28 
Jan.  1815 ;  James  Wood,  D.D.,  master  and  dean  of 
Ely,  9  cal.  May,  1839. 

There  are  also  on  the  floor  of  the  choir  two 
ancient  brasses.  One  of  large  dimensions  on  which 
are  these  arms  [Gules]  bezantee,  a  canton  [Er- 
mine], and  the  headless  figure  of  an  ecclesiastic 
richly  attired,  is  supposed  to  commemorate  Guido 
do  la  Zouch,  chancellor  of  the  university,  1380,  1382, 
1396,  and  1412.  On  the  other  is  a  small  and  much 
worn  figure  of  an  ecclesiastic. 

Choral  service  is  performed  in  this  chapel  on 
Sundays,  and  on  the  evenings  of  Saturdays,  saints' 
days,  and  their  eves. 

(a)  The  pedestal  is  copied  from  that  of  the  lectern  in  Ramsey  church 
in  Huntingdonshire  with  the  finials  restored.  The  work  was  executed  by 
Sidey,  founder,  London. 


founder,  Lor 


jom- 

t,    (son 
art.,    of  Apple- 

"14-15, 
lor    Humphrey 

a-t. 


,  1765, 


vcn.  (I  28 

uid  deu 


- 


s.  JOHN'S  COLLEGE.  151 

1539,  which  belonged  to  Thomas  Cromwell,  earl  of 
Essex. 

The  books  bequeathed  by  Matthew  Prior,  Thomas 
Baker,  and  Dr.  Newcome  are  especially  interesting. 

A  descriptive  catalogue  of  the  manuscripts  and 
scarce  books  in  this  library  by  the  Rev.  Morgan 
Cowie,  M.A.,  fellow,  was  published  by  the  Cambridge 
Antiquarian  Society,  4to.  1842-3. 

There  are  several  portraits  in  the  library.  One 
which  represents  William  Bendlowes,  serjeant-at-law, 
has  this  inscription:  "  W.  B.  solus  ad  legem  serviens 
set.  suse  49  et  sui  gradus  anno  nono  1564." 

Amongst  many  curiosities  deposited  here  we 
may  specify  the  engraved  lodging-scutcheon  of  the 
late  duke  of  Northumberland,  which  contains  eight 
hundred  and  ninety-two  quarterings,  some  roman 
remains(a)  found  in  Lancashire  and  given  by  the 
late  Rev.  Thomas  Dunham  Whitaker,  LL.D.,  and 
a  vast  old  song  book  or  service  (as  Evelyn  has 
termed  it). 

In  a  smaller  room  under  the  western  end  of  the 
principal  library  are  kept  the  valuable  mathema- 
tical books  given  to  the  college  by  Dr.  Wood, 
master,  and  other  works. 

THE  MASTEE'S  LODGE  which  occupies  part  of  the 
first  court  and  the  first  floor  of  the  northern  side 
of  the  second  court,  contains  several  good  apartments 
richly  wainscoted.  Amongst  numerous  portraits  here 
deposited  we  may  mention  those  of  the  foundress ; 

(a)  See  Whitaker's  Richmondshire,  ii.  213,  459,  462.  A  roman  altar 
also  given  by  J)r.  Whitaker  is  deposited  at  the  foot  of  the  covered  bridge 
leading  to  the  fourth  or  ne\v  court. 


152  s.  JOHN'S  COLLEGE.. 

William  lord  Maynard ;  Henry  earl  of  Southampton ; 
bishop  Gunning  (two);  king  James  I. ;  king  Charles  I. 
(one  when  duke  of  York,  one  when  prince  of  Wales, 
and  one  when  king) ;  George  Villiers  first  duke  of 
Buckingham ;  Anne  queen  of  James  I. ;  lord  Burghley ; 
John  fourth  duke  of  Somerset;  Sarah  his  duchess; 
Thomas  Edwards,  esq.,  (Tho.  Murray,  pinx.  1712); 
rev.  Tho.  Baker;  queen  Henrietta  Maria;  Thomas 
Thurlin,  D.D.  ;  bishop  Lake ;  archbishop  Neile ; 
Morton,  bishop  of  Durham ;  Dr.  Heberden ;  Dr.  Beale, 
master;  Dr.  Whitaker,  master;  Dr.  Jenkin,  master; 
Dr.  Fogg,  dean  of  Chester;  bishop  Grove;  bishop 
Stillingfleet ;  bishop  Turner;  Dr.  Balguy;  Dr. 
Playfere,  (set.  35,  1597);  William  Platt,  esq.;  Dr. 
Shorten,  master ;  Abraham  Cowley;  count  Gondomar; 
Dr.  Wood,  master ;  bishop  Fisher, (a)  (by  Holbein) ;  Dr. 
Gower,  master ;  Dr.  Newcome,  master ;  John  Garnett, 
bishop  of  Clogher ;  Dr.  Lambert,  master ;  John  Henry 
viscount  Palmerston;  the  earl  of  Jersey  (two,  one 
when  Mr.  Villiers) ;  lord  chief-justice  Heath ;  the  late 
duke  of  Northumberland  (two,  one  when  earl  Percy) ; 
Matthew  Prior(6);  lord  Falkland;  the  countess  of 
Shrewsbury;  the  earl  of  Strafford;  James  earl  of 
Salisbury ;  Henry  prince  of  Wales ;  queen  Elizabeth ; 
Robert  earl  of  Salisbury;  the  Infanta  of  Spain; 
and  the  lord  keeper  Egerton. 

A  large  richly  carved  chair  which  is  in  one  of 
the  apartments  is  supposed  to  have  been  made  for  the 
use  of  king  Charles  II.  when  he  visited  this  college. 

(a)  It  is  very  doubtful  whether  this  portrait  really  represents  bishop 
P'isher. 

(i)   In  the  dress  he  wore  at  Versailles  by  R.  Hyacinthe  Rigaud. 


s.  JOHN'S  COLLEGE.  153 

PLATE. — The  college  possesses  a  large  and  valuable 
collection  of  plate.  We  may  specify  as  deserving 
especial  notice  a  noble  and  richly  chased  gilt  cup  and 
cover ;  another  gilt  cup  and  cover  of  large  dimensions 
with  Chinese  figures  thereon,  given  by  James  earl  of 
Salisbury;  an  elegant  gilt  rose  water  ewer  and 
dish,  presented  in  1671  by  Edward  Villiers,  afterwards 
earl  of  Jersey;  a  soup  tureen,  the  gift  in  1780  of 
Dudley  Ryder,  afterwards  earl  of  Harrowby;  a 
salver,  the  gift  of  the  earl  of  Gainsborough,  1738 ; 
and  a  gilt  cup  presented  by  Soame  Jenyns,  fellow- 
commoner,  1725. 

FELLOWSHIPS  AND  SCHOLARSHIPS. — There  are  fifty-six 
fellowships,  a  divinity  studentship,  sixty  foundation 
scholarships,  eight  minor  scholarships,  and  numerous 
exhibitions  both  open  and  appropriated  to  particular 
schools.  About  £910  per  annum  is  paid  to  deserv- 
ing students  called  Wood's  and  Hare's  exhibitioners. 
There  are  also  forty-one  exhibitions  of  different 
value,  in  the  appointment  to  which  a  preference 
is  given  to  particular  schools.  If  no  candidates 
from  the  favoured  schools  of  sufficient  merit  offer 
themselves  for  the  exhibitions,  the  master  and  seniors 
may  throw  the  same  open  to  competition.  The 
sizars  of  the  college  are  elected  annually  by  a 
competitive  examination.  Nine  of  them  called 
proper  sizars  on  Dr.  Dowman's  foundation  have 
their  commons  free  and  usually  hold  exhibitions. 
About  £6200  per  annum  is  set  apart  from  the  re- 
venues of  the  college  for  scholarships,  exhibitions, 
and  other  emoluments  tenable  by  persons  in  statu 
pupillari. 


154  s.  JOHN'S  COLLEGE. 

The  government  of  the  society  is  vested  in  the 
master  and  the  eight  senior  fellows. 

On  queen  Elizabeth's  visit  to  the  university  in 
August,  1564,  the  college  consisted  of  the  master, 
forty-three  fellows,  of  whom  eighteen  were  bachelors 
of  arts,  eleven  pensioners  in  fellows  commons,  sixty- 
two  scholars,  of  whom  twelve  were  bachelors  of  arts, 
forty-three  pensioners,  of  whom  one  was  a  doctor 
and  three  were  bachelors  of  arts,  nine  sizars  and 
fifteen  sub-sizars :  in  all  one  hundred  and  eighty-four. 

Dr.  Caius,  referring  to  1573,  gives  the  numbers 
at  this  college  as  follows :  the  master,  fifty-one  fellows, 
seventy-eight  scholars,  six  ministers  [officers],  eighty- 
nine  pensioners,  forty-six  scholars:  in  all  two  hun- 
dred and  seventy-one. 

In  1621  there  were  the  master,  fifty-four  fellows , 
and  eighty-four  scholars,  these  together  with  non- 
foundation  students,  &c.  making  a  total  of  three 
hundred  and  seventy. 

Fuller  informs  us  that  in  1634  there  were  the 
master,  fifty-four  fellows,  and  eighty-eight  scholars, 
besides  officers  and  servants  of  the  foundation :  in  all 
one  hundred  and  eighty-two. 

In  August,  1641,  two  hundred  and  eighty  mem- 
bers of  this  college  paid  £31.  10s.  Qd.  to  a  poll-tax. 

In  1672  the  society  consisted  of  the  master,  fifty- 
two  fellows,  and  ninety-two  scholars,  besides  officers 
and  servants  of  the  foundation,  with  many  other 
students:  being  in  all  three  hundred  and  seventy- 
two. 

According  to  Edmund  Carter  there  were,  in  or 
about  1753,  the  master,  fifty-nine  fellows,  and  one 


s.  JOHN'S  COLLEGE.  155 

hundred  scholars:  the  whole  number  of  members 
being  three  hundred.  The  number,  he  adds,  was 
seldom  less  but  often  more. 

PATRONAGE. — The  college  nominates  to  the  master- 
ships of  the  grammar-schools  of  Shrewsbury,  Pock- 
lington,  and  Sedbergh,  and  has  limited  rights  as 
respects  the  appointment  of  the  masters  of  Stamford, 
Rivington,  and  Aldenham  schools. 

The  following  benefices  are  in  the  gift  of  the 
college :  the  rectories  of  Houghton  Conquest  cum 
Houghton  Gildaple,  Marston  Mortaine,  and  Mepper- 
shall  in  Bedfordshire ;  the  vicarages  of  Aldworth  and 
Sunninghill  in  Berkshire ;  the  rectories  of  Brinkley  and 
Fulbourn  S.  Vigors,  and  the  chaplaincy  of  Horning- 
sea,  in  Cambridgeshire;  the  rectory  of  Aberdaron 
in  Caernarvonshire ;  the  rectory  of  Morton  in  Derby- 
shire ;  the  rectory  of  Marwood  in  Devonshire ;  the 
rectory  of  Rampisham  cum  Wraxall  in  Dorsetshire ; 
the  rectories  of  Black  Notley,  Frating  cum  Thoring- 
ton,  Lawford,  Moreton,  Great  Oakley,  and  Great 
Warley  in  Essex ;  the  rectories  of  Little  Hormead 
and  Lilly,  and  the  vicarage  of  Great  Hormead  in 
Hertfordshire ;  the  rectory  of  Freshwater,  Isle  of 
Wight  in  Hampshire;  the  rectories  of  Murston  and 
Staplehurst,  and  the  vicarages  of  Higham  and  Os- 
pringe  in  Kent;  the  rectory  of  Medbourne  cum 
Holt,  and  the  vicarage  of  Barrow  on  Soar  in  Leices- 
tershire; the  vicarage  of  Minting  in  Lincolnshire; 
the  rectories  of  Thursford  cum  Snoring,  Holt,  Ditch- 
ingham,  Forncet  S.  Mary,  Forncet  S.  Peter,  Starston, 
South  cum  North  Lopham  and  Alburgh,  and  the 
vicarage  of  Cherry  Marham  in  Norfolk ;  the  rectory 


156  s.  JOHN'S  COLLEGE. 

of  Ufford  cum  Bainton  in  Northamptonshire;  the 
rectory  of  Soulderne,  the  vicarage  of  North  Stoke, 
and  the  perpetual  curacy  of  Stoke  Row  in  Oxford- 
shire ;  the  rectory  of  S.  Florence  in  Pembrokeshire ; 
the  rectories  of  Barrow,  Cockfield,  and  Layham  in 
Suffolk ;  the  rectory  of  Wootton  Rivers  in  Wiltshire ; 
and  the  rectories  of  Brand  esburton  and  Holme  on 
Spalding  Moor,  and  the  vicarage  of  Marton  cum 
Grafton  in  Yorkshire.  It  must  be  observed,  that  as 
regards  the  rectories  of  Morton  in  Derbyshire  and 
Wootton  Rivers,  the  college  has  only  alternate  pre- 
sentations, and  that  five  of  the  Norfolk  benefices  are 
in  external  patronage,  although  they  must  be  given 
to  fellows  of  this  society. 


tern 
an 
proceed    to    j 


conege,  A 
of    the    river    l 
foundation,    of    which 
account. 

s  made  in  1337  by  pope  Benedict 
the  observance  of  the  monks  of  the  great 
commo-  led   black  monks, 

twenty  monks   one 
should  be  sent  to  the  university  v. 
his  co'  -sions  •<•. 


PART    OF    THE    FIRST    COURT. 


S.  MARY  MAGDALEN  COLLEGE. 

THIS  college,  which  is  situate  entirely  on  the  western 
side  of  the  river  Cam,  occupies  the  site  of  an 
older  foundation,  of  which  we  proceed  to  give 
some  account. 

By  regulations  made  in  1337  by  pope  Benedict 
XII.  for  the  observance  of  the  monks  of  the  great 
Benedictine  order,  commonly  called  black  monks, 
it  was  decreed  that  for  every  twenty  monks  one 
apt  to  learn  should  be  sent  to  the  university  with 
a  pension  from  his  convent.  These  pensions  were 
to  be  as  follows:  a  master  of  theology  sixty  small 


158  S.    MARY  MAGDALEN   COLLEGE. 

turin  pounds, (a)  a  bachelor  or  scholar  of  theology 
forty,  a  doctor  of  canon  law  fifty,  and  a  bachelor 
or  scholar  of  that  faculty  thirty-five. 

The  english  Benedictine  monasteries  sent  monks 
to  both  Oxford  and  Cambridge.  In  Cambridge  the 
monks  of  Ely  had  for  some  time  a  separate  house, 
but  this  was  ultimately  absorbed  in  Trinity  hall. 
The  monks  of  Norwich  were  allowed  to  study  in 
Gonville  hall,  but  the  greater  part  of  the  Benedictine 
monks  who  were  sent  to  Cambridge  lodged  in  towns- 
men's houses.  All  the  monks  of  the  order  studying 
in  Cambridge  were  however  under  the  controul  of 
a  prior.  In  a  general  chapter  of  the  order  held 
at  Northampton  in  July,  1423,  John  de  Bardenay, 
prior  of  the  students  of  the  order  in  Cambridge, 
complained  that  the  abbat  of  Colchester  had  without 
reasonable  cause  withdrawn  a  scholar  of  his  monas- 
tery from  the  university  and  obstinately  persisted 
in  so  doing.  The  prior  therefore  prayed  that  he 
might  be  fined.  He  also  besought  the  chapter  to 
provide  a  certain  sum  with  which  a  house  of  religion 
might,  with  the  king's  licence,  be  assigned  to  the 
students  of  the  order  in  Cambridge.  His  requests 
were  approved  by  the  presidents  of  the  chapter  as 
redounding  to  the  honour  and  advantage  of  the 
order.  In  another  chapter  of  the  order  held  at 
Northampton  in  July,  1426,  John  Sudbury,  prior 
of  the  students  of  the  order  in  Cambridge,  represented 
the  detriment  which  arose  from  the  scholars  of  the 
order  in  Cambridge  dwelling  in  the  houses  of  laymen 
scattered  about  the  town,  and  earnestly  prayed  that 

(a)  A  turin  pound  was  the  fourth  of  the  english  pound. 


S.    MARY   MAGDALEN    COLLEGE,  161 

COLLEGE.  It  has  been  said  that  it  acquired  the  name 
from  Edward  Stafford  the  last  duke  of  Buckingham 
of  that  family.  This  could  not  have  been  the  case, 
although  it  is  not  unlikely  that  it  was  so  termed 
in  compliment  to  his  father  Henry  Stafford,  duke  of 
Buckingham,  who  may  have  been  an  eminent  bene- 
factor to  the  Benedictine  students. 

But  little  appears  to  be  known  respecting 
Buckingham  college.  John  de  Wisbech,  abbat  of 
Croyland  (1470-1476),  built  convenient  apartments 
in  the  college  for  the  scholars  sent  from  his 
monastery.  In  1465,  Richard  Thylbury,  monk 
of  S.  Mary's,  York,  held  the  office  of  prior  of 
the  Benedictine  students  at  Cambridge.  William 
Peblyngton,  a  monk  of  the  same  house  was 
subsequently  collated  to  the  office  of  prior  by  Thomas, 
abbat  of  S.  Alban's  and  president  of  the  black 
monks  in  England.  Anthony  Overton,  B.D.,(a)  a 
monk  of  Croyland,  was  afterwards  prior.  Henry 
Eands,  alias  Holbeach,  D.D.,  also  a  monk  of  Croyland 
(who  ultimately  became  bishop  of  Lincoln)  occurs 
as  prior  in  1535,  and  was  probably  the  last  occupant 
of  the  office.  Thomas  Cromwell,  chancellor  of  the 
university  and  the  king's  vicegerent  in  matters 
ecclesiastical,  in  or  about  October,  1535,  issued 
certain  injunctions  for  the  reformation  of  the  uni- 
versity. By  these  Buckingham  college  was  required 
to  found  and  continue  for  ever  two  daily  public 
lectures,  the  one  of  greek,  the  other  of  latin.  It 

(a)  He  was  created  D.D.,  1517.  His  name  occurs  to  the  acknowledgment 
of  the  king's  supremacy  by  the  abbat  and  convent  of  Croyland,  29  July, 
1531. 

VOL.  H.  M 


162  S.    MARY   MAGDALEN   COLLEGE. 

seems  that,  latterly  at  least,  others  besides  monastics 
studied  in  the  house.  On  the  suppression  of  the 
greater  monasteries  Buckingham  college,  as  part  of 
the  possessions  of  the  abbey  of  Croyland,  escheated 
to  the  crown,  but  it  was  soon  afterwards  refounded 
as  S.  MAKY  MAGDALEN  COLLEGE  by  Thomas  lord 
Audley,  K.G.,  lord  high  chancellor  of  England. 

THE  FOUNDER. — Thomas  Audley,  born  at  the 
Hay-house  in  Earl's  Colne,  Essex,  in  1488,  is  believed 
to  have  had  some  education  in  Buckingham  college. 
He  afterwards  became  a  member  of  the  Inner  Tem- 
ple, and  was  elected  town  clerk  of  Colchester  about 
1516.  He  was  steward  or  chancellor  to  the  duke  of 
Suffolk,  and  was  in  1523  returned  for  Essex  to  the 
house  of  commons,  where  he  strongly  advocated  the 
measures  of  the  court.  In  July,  1525,  he  was  con- 
stituted a  counsellor  attendant  on  the  person  of  the 
princess  Mary,  and  commissioner  in  the  parts  of 
Wales  and  marches  of  the  same.  He  was  Autumn 
reader  of  the  Inner  Temple,  1526,  and  delivered 
eleven  readings  on  the  statute  4  Hen.  VII.  on  Aids. 
In  November,  1529,  he  was  elected  speaker  of  the 
house  of  commons,  being  as  it  is  said,  at  the  same 
time  chancellor  of  the  duchy  of  Lancaster.  He  was 
called  to  the  degree  of  serjeant  at  law  in  Michaelmas 
term,  1531,  and  by  patent  dated  14th  November 
in  the  same  year,  was  constituted  king's  serjeant. 
On  20th  May,  1532,  he  was  knighted  and  made 
lord-keeper  of  the  great  seal,  being  advanced  to 
the  dignity  of  lord  chancellor,  26th  January  follow- 
ing. He  was  created  lord  Audley  of  Walden,  29th 
November,  1538,  and  elected  a  knight  of  the  garter, 


S.    MARY  MAGDALEN   COLLEGE.  163 

23rd  April,  1540.  He  received  extensive  grants  of 
monastery  lands,  including  the  sites  and  precincts 
of  the  abbey  of  Walden  and  the  priory  of  Christ 
Church,  London.  On  21st  April,  1544,  he  resigned 
the  great  seal  on  account  of  ill  health.  It  was  com- 
mitted to  the  temporary  custody  of  sir  Thomas 
Wriothesley,  lord  Audley  retaining  the  title  of  lord 
chancellor  till  his  death,  which  occurred  at  his 
house  in  London,  on  the  30th  of  the  same  month. 
He  was  buried  in  the  church  of  Saffron  Walden, 
where  there  is  an  altar-tomb  of  black  marble  with 
the  following  inscription : 

The  stroke  of  Deathe's  inevitable  dart 

Hath  now  Alas  of  lyfe  beraft  the  hart 

Of  Syr  Thomas  Audeley,  of  the  Garter  knight 

Late  Chancellour  of  England  under  our  Prince  of  might 

Henry  Theight  wyrthy  high  renowne 

And  made  by  him  Lord  Audeley  of  this  Town. 

Obiit  ultimo  die  Aprilis  Anno  Domini  1544 
Regni  Eegis  Henrici  8.  36.  Cancellariatus 
sui  13. et  suae  setatis  56. 

He  is  represented  to  have  had  much  learning  and 
undoubtedly  displayed  great  capacity  for  business, 
but  he  proved  himself  a  submissive  tool  of  his 
tyrannical  master,  and  is  generally  regarded  as  a 
mean,  crafty,  sordid,  and  unprincipled  politician. 
He  was  instrumental  in  the  judicial  murders  of  sir 
Thomas  More,  bishop  Fisher,  the  marquess  of  Exeter, 
and  lord  Montagu;  sanctioned  the  divorce  of  three 
queens  and  the  execution  of  two  of  them  on 
the  scaffold ;  the  dissolution  of  the  monasteries  and 
the  dispersion  of  their  possessions ;  the  act  of  the 
six  articles;  and  the  law  giving  royal  proclamations 

M2 


164  S.    MARY   MAGDALEN   COLLEGE. 

the  force  of  parliamentary  enactments.  It  does  not 
however  appear  that  any  censure  of  his  conduct  as 
an  equity  judge  has  been  recorded.  Lord  Audley 
married  first  a  daughter  of  sir  Thomas  Barnadiston 
of  Keddington  in  Suffolk,  and  secondly  the  lady 
Elizabeth  Grey,  daughter  of  Thomas  second  mar- 
quess of  Dorset.  She  survived  him  many  years 
and  bore  him  two  daughters,  Mary  who  died  young, 
and  Margaret  who  married  first,  lord  Henry  Dudley, 
and  secondly,  Thomas  Howard,  fourth  duke  of 
Norfolk. 

THE  FOUNDATION. — King  Henry  VIII.  by  letters 
patent  dated  Westminster,  3rd  April,  1542,  at  the 
request  of  lord  Audley,  empowered  him,  his  heirs, 
executors  or  assigns,  to  found,  erect,  and  establish 
on  the  site  of  Buckingham  college,  a  college  con- 
sisting of  a  master  and  eight  fellows,  which  college 
he  willed  should  for  ever  be  called  S.  Mary  Magdalen 
college.  The  master  and  fellows  were  incorporated 
and  empowered  to  hold  lands,  and  to  implead 
and  be  impleaded.  He  also  granted  to  them  the 
soil,  land,  site,  and  precinct  of  the  college  lately 
called  Buckingham  college,  and  all  the  buildings 
of  the  same,  as  also  two  gardens  or  parcels  of 
land  with  pools  called  two  pondyards  to  the  said 
late  college  belonging,  empowering  them  to  acquire 
other  lands  not  exceeding  the  annual  value  of 
£100.  He  also  granted  that  whenever  the  office  of 
master  of  the  college  should  be  vacant  by  death, 
cession,  resignation  or  other  cause,  lord  Audley, 
his  heirs  and  assigns,  lords  of  the  late  monastery 
of  Walden,  should  nominate  another  master  by 


S.    MAKY    MAGDALEN    COLLEGE.  165 

letters  under  seal,  and  that  whensoever  any  fel- 
lowship should  be  vacant,  the  mastef  and  fellows 
should  elect  another  person  thereto  according  to 
statutes,  ordinances,  and  provisions  to  be  made  and 
established  by  lord  Audley,  his  heirs  and  executors. 
The  master  and  fellows  were  also  empowered  from 
time  to  time  to  make,  according  to  their  sound 
discretion,  as  to  them  should  seem  expedient,  rules, 
ordinances,  and  statutes  for  the  good  government  of 
the  college  and  of  the  master,  fellows,  and  others 
whomsoever  dwelling  and  studying  therein. 

According  to  the  survey  made  in  February, 
1545-6,  by  Matthew  Parker,  D.D.,  John  Redman,  D.D., 
and  William  Mey,  LL.D.,  the  king's  commissioners, 
the  college  consisted  of  the  master,  who  had  for 
stipend  and  commons  £8  per  annum;  four  fellows 
who  had  each  £4  annually  for  stipend  and  commons ; 
and  one  scholar  who  had  the  annual  stipend  of 
£2.  13s.  4:d.  It  is  stated  that  the  revenues  did  not 
suffice  for  the  maintenance  of  the  full  number  of 
eight  fellows,  and  that  two  fellowships  in  the 
nomination  of  the  king  were  then  vacant.  The 
college  estates  consisted  of  the  two  pondyards  in 
Cambridge;  an  annual  rent  of  £20  issuing  out  of 
certain  manors  in  Essex ;  messuages  and  lands  in 
Clynock,  Boddelgiffart,  and  Ruck  in  Caernarvonshire, 
and  in  Llangadwall  in  Anglesey;  the  rectory  of 
S.  Catharine  Creechurch  in  London,  and  a  garden 
without  Aldgate  in  that  city,  called  the  great  garden 
of  Christ  church.  The  clear  yearly  value  of  all  the 
college  possessions  was  £43.  18s.,  which  exceeded  the 
annual  expenccs  by  £10.  7s.  Id. 


166         S.  MAEY  MAGDALEN  COLLEGE. 

Statutes  for  the  government  of  the  college  were 
made  by  Elizabeth  lady  Audley,  (who  is  styled 
foundress),  Edward  lord  North,  sir  Thomas  Pope,(a) 
knight,  Thomas  Barber  and  Edmund  Martin,  esquires, 
executors  of  lord  Audley,  on  the  16th  of  February, 
1553-4,  in  pursuance  of  powers  given  to  them  for 
that  purpose  by  lord  Audley's  will. 

By  an  act  of  parliament  passed  in  1571,  the 
colleges  in  the  universities  were  prohibited  from 
granting  their  lands  except  for  twenty-one  years 
or  for  three  lives,  but  on  the  13th  of  December, 
1574,  the  master  and  fellows  of  this  college  granted 
their  estate  in  the  parish  of  S.  Botolph,  Aldgate 
in  London,  to  queen  Elizabeth,  her  heirs,  and 
successors  for  ever,  at  the  yearly  rent  of  £15, 
with  a  proviso  for  making  void  the  grant  if  the 
queen  should  not,  before  the  1st  of  April  following, 
by  letters  patent  under  the  great  seal,  convey  and 
assure  the  premises  unto  Benedict  Spinola,  merchant 
of  Genoa,  and  his  heirs.  On  the  29th  of  January, 
1574-5,  the  queen  by  letters  patent  granted  the 
premises  to  Spinola  (who  was  then  a  free  denizen) 
and  his  heirs.  Spinola  subsequently  conveyed  the 
property  to  Edward  de  Vere,  earl  of  Oxford,  and 
his  heirs,  and  about  1584  one  Broughton  and  his 
wife  levied  a  fine  with  proclamations  to  the  earl,  who 
granted  leases  of  the  premises  upon  which  the  lessees 
erected  one  hundred  and  thirty  houses  at  a  cost 
of  £10,000. 

In  1604,  Dr.  Barnabas  Goche  became  master  of 
the  college.  He  was  a  skilful  lawyer,  and  a  bold  and 

(«)  The  munificent  founder  of  Trinity  college,  Oxford. 


S.    MAEY   MAGDALEN   COLLEGE.  167 

courageous  man,  and  determined  to  take  steps  to 
set  aside  the  grant  of  1574  as  illegal.  In  1607 
legal  proceedings  were  taken,  but  were  restrained 
for  some  time,  in  consequence  of  an  information 
being  exhibited  in  the  court  of  wards  and  liveries, 
on  the  ground  that  Henry  earl  of  Oxford,  who 
was  a  ward  of  the  crown,  was  interested.  About 
1612  the  court  of  wards  ordered  a  trial  at  law.  It 
accordingly  took  place,  a  special  verdict  was  returned, 
and  the  case  was  fully  argued  in  the  court  of  king's 
bench  by  lawyers  of  high  eminence.  That  court 
in  Easter  term  1615  gave  judgment  for  the  college. 
A  writ  of  error  was  brought,  but  the  judgment  of 
the  court  of  king's  bench  was  affirmed. 

Pending  the  proceedings  at  law,  a  bill  in  chancery 
was  filed  by  the  earl  of  Oxford,  and  Thomas  Wood, 
against  the  college.  Dr.  Goche  the  master,  and 
John  Smith  one  of  the  fellows,  excepted  to  the 
jurisdiction  of  the  court.  Their  demurrer  and 
plea  being  referred  to  sir  John  Tindall  and  Mr. 
Woolridge,  they  reported  that  they  thought  it  meet 
that  the  cause  should  proceed  to  a  hearing.  Dr. 
Goche  and  Mr.  Smith,  however,  persisting  in  their 
refusal  to  answer,  were  committed  to  the  Fleet  by 
lord  Ellesmere  the  lord  chancellor,  on  the  21st  of 
October,  1615.  Dr.  Goche  made  an  unsuccessful 
application  for  his  liberation  to  the  court  of  king's 
bench  in  the  following  Michaelmas  term.  On  6th 
of  March  1616-17,  the  lord  chancellor,  treating  the 
allegations  in  the  bill  as  confessed,  decreed  the 
possession  to  the  plaintiffs.  Some  doubts  appear 
however  to  have  been  entertained  with  respect  to 


168  S.    MAKY   MAGDALEN    COLLEGE. 

the  validity  of  this  decree,  as  in  Easter  term  1619, 
the  earl  of  Oxford  presented  a  petition  to  the  king, 
which  induced  him  to  refer  the  case  to  the  then 
lord  chancellor  Bacon,  the  two  chief  justices,  and 
chief  baron,  who  were  to  call  the  parties  before  them 
and  effect  a  mediation,  or  otherwise  certify  their 
opinions  and  proceedings.  They  accordingly  cited 
the  parties,  but  Dr.  Goche  and  his  counsel  were  not 
informed  of  the  petition  till  it  was  read  in  the  lord 
chancellor's  chamber.  The  petition  and  bill  in  chancery 
being  opened  by  the  counsel  for  the  petitioners, 
Dr.  Goche  denied  the  bill  and  petition  to  be  true 
in  any  material  point,  but  the  referees,  without 
further  hearing  or  any  offer  of  mediation,  certified 
to  the  king  that  it  was  fit  and  just  that  the  decree  of 
the  late  lord  chancellor  should  be  confirmed,  and 
that  it  would  be  a  great  security  to  the  earl  of 
Oxford  and  his  assigns,  if  the  king  would  signify 
his  pleasure  by  a  letter  under  the  privy  seal  to  the 
then  lord  chancellor  that  the  decree  should  stand 
inviolable.  His  majesty  accordingly  sent  sucli  a 
letter,  and  in  obedience  thereto,  on  10th  December, 
1619,  the  former  decree  was  confirmed  and  ratified, 
and  it  was  further  decreed  that  no  bill  or  petition 
to  reverse,  alter,  or  review  the  same,  should  be 
admitted  in  the  court  of  chancery  at  any  time  there- 
after, nor  any  other  means  used  to  impeach  the 
same. 

Dr.  Goche  and  Mr.  Smith  lay  long  in  prison. 
Various  bills  were  introduced  into  parliament  to 
settle  the  question,  but  none  of  them  passed. 

Dr.    Henry    Smith   who    became   master   on   the 


'Y    MAGDALEN   CO 

term 

;>rd  pr<  ro  the  king, 

>  refoj  *se  to  the  then 

of  justices,  and 

olrief  baron,  .a rties  before 

*  awch 

accordingly  . 
•unsel  wer< 
oad  in  the  lord 

el    foi 


• 


MIA.  ©•32.A.!IiI5STS   3  ffl  JUHtTSi  ©-IB « 
tJii    Streft 


S.    MAKY   MAGDALEN   COLLEGE.  171 

bishop  of  Carlisle,  master,  James  Howard,  earl  of 
Suffolk,  and  sir  Robert  Sawyer,  attorney  general,  were 
benefactors  to  the  library;  the  rev.  Drue  Drury,  of 
Rlddlesworth  hall,  Norfolk,  gave  in  1698  the  im- 
propriate  rectory  of  Steeple  Ashton  in  Wilts.,  for 
the  foundation  of  a  fellowship ;  Samuel  Pepys,  esq., 
sometime  secretary  of  the  admiralty,  and  president 
of  the  royal  society,  bequeathed  a  most  valuable 
and  curious  library ;  Gabriel  Quadring,  D.D.,  master, 
and  Richard  Cumberland,  bishop  of  Peterborough, 
were  benefactors  to  the  library;  Thomas  Milner, 
vicar  of  Bexhill  in  Sussex,  in  1722  gave  £1,000 
to  found  three  scholarships ;  James  Saunderson, 
earl  of  Castleton,  was  a  benefactor  to  the  library; 
John  Millington,  D.D.,  vicar  of  Kensington  and  some- 
time fellow,  in  1724  founded  a  fellowship(a)  and 
four  exhibitions  ;  William  North,  lord  North  and 
Grey,  was  a  benefactor  to  the  library ;  James 
Millington,  in  1734  founded  two  scholarships;  Mrs. 
Milner,  in  1736  gave  £200  to  found  a  scholar- 
ship; Arthur  Annesley,  earl  of  Anglesea,  and  Charles 
Seymour,  duke  of  Somerset,  were  benefactors  to  the 
library ;  John  Groome,  vicar  of  Childerditch  in  Essex, 
in  1760  founded  five  scholarships;  Margaret  Dong- 
worth,  of  Old  Elvet  in  the  county  of  Durham, 
spinster,  gave  in  1775  a  considerable  legacy  to 
augment  certain  fellowships ;  Peter  Peckard,  D.D., 
master,  and  dean  of  Peterborough,  in  1797  increased 
the  incomes  of  the  master  and  of  certain  fellows, 


(a)  An  additional   Millington  fellowship  has  recently  been  established 
from  accumulations  of  the  trust  funds. 


172  S.    MARY   MAGDALEN   COLLEGE. 

established  two  scholarships,  and  gave  a  large  and 
valuable  collection  of  books ;  Eichard  Aldworth 
Neville  lord  Braybrooke,  in  his  lifetime  gave 
£1,000  arising  from,  the  sale  of  the  copyright  of 
Pepys's  diary.  This  sum  was  appropriated  towards 
the  liquidation  of  the  college  debt,  subject  to  the 
payment  of  £50  yearly  to  deserving  poor  scholars 
appointed  by  the  master. 

EMINENT  MEN. — Sir  Robert  Rede,  (<z)  chief  justice 
of  the  common  pleas,  died  1518-19.  John  Reeve 
alias  Melford,(a)  abbat  of  S.  Edmunds  Bury,  died 
1540.  Henry  Rands  alias  Holbeach,(a)  bishop  of 
Lincoln,  died  1551.  Thomas  Cranmer,(o)  archbishop 
of  Canterbury,  martyred  1555-6.(6)  Robert  Evans, (a) 
master,  dean  of  Bangor,  died  1570.  Roger  Kelke,(rt) 
D.D.,  master,  archdeacon  of  Stow,  died,  1575-6.  Thomas 
Ithell,(a)  LL.D.,  fellow,  chancellor  of  the  diocese  of  Ely, 
and  master  of  Jesus  college,  died  1579.  Edmund 
Grindal,(o)  archbishop  of  Canterbury,  died  1583. 
Geoffrey  Whitney,  author  of  a  Choice  of  Emblemes, 
(1586.)  Rowland  Thomas,  LL.D.,  dean  of  Bangor, 
died  1588.  Stephen  Limbert,  master  of  Norwich 
school,  a  good  latin  poet,  died  1589.  Sir  Christopher 
"VVray,  chief  justice  of  the  queen's  bench,  died  1592. 
Thomas  Gataker,  rector  of  Christ  church,  London,  a 
noted  puritan,  died  1593. 

John  Kearney,  treasurer  of  S.  Patrick's,   Dublin, 

(a)  These  are  noticed  in  Athenae  Cantabrigienses,  vol.  I. 

(6)  All  the  preceding  were  of  Buckingham  college,  as  was  Dr.  Rowland 
Thomas.  Cranmer  after  his  first  marriage  lived  with  his  wife  at  the  Dolphin 
inn,  in  Cambridge,  and  became  a  common  reader  in  Buckingham  college. 
His  wife  died  in  childbed  within  a  year  of  his  marriage,  and  he  was  imme- 
diately afterwards  re-elected  a  fellow  of  Jesus  college. 


S.  MARY  MAGDALEN  COLLEGE.          173 

translator  of  the  New  Testament  into  Irish,  died  1600. 

Eichard  Rowland,  master,  bishop  of  Peterborough, 

died   1600.      Cyprian   de  Valera,  fellow,   translator 

of  the  Bible  into   Spanish,  flourished   1603.      John 

Palmer,  D.D.,  master,  dean  of  Peterborough,  died  1607. 

William  Chaderton,   bishop  of  Lincoln,    died    1608. 

John  Albright,  fellow,  dean  of  Raphoe,    died  1609. 

Richard   Clayton,   D.D.,   master  successively   of  this 

college  and  of  S.  John's,  and  dean  of  Peterborough, 

died  1612.     Hugh  Broughton,  the  great  rabbinical 

scholar,    died    1612.      Murtogh  O'Brien-arra,   bishop 

of  Killaloe,  died  1613.     Henry  Usher,  archbishop  of 

Armagh,  died  1613.     George  Lloyd,  fellow,  bishop  of 

Chester,  died  1615.    Thomas  Neville,  D.D.,  successively 

master  of  this  college  and  of  Trinity  college,  and  dean 

of  Canterbury,  died  1615.     Barnabas  Groche,  LL.D., 

master,   chancellor   of  the    dioceses   of   Exeter  and 

Worcester,  and  M.P.  for   the   university,   died  1625. 

Rowland   Lynch,    bishop    of    Clonfert,    died   1625. 

Sir  William  Ingram,  LL.D.,  master  in  chancery,  and 

author  of  collections  relating  to  the  university,    died 

1625.      Thomas  Barret,  archdeacon  of  Exeter,  died 

1633.      Henry  Thurcross,  archdeacon  of  Cleveland, 

died  about  1635.    Theophilus  Howard,  earl  of  Suffolk, 

died  1640.     John  Bois,  a  learned  greek  scholar,  one 

of  the  translators  of  the  Bible,  died  1643.     William 

Hellier,   D.D.,  archdeacon  of  Barnstaple,  died  1645. 

John    Saltmarsh,    author    of   numerous    theological 

works,  principally  controversial,    died    1647.      John 

Bridgman,    bishop    of    Chester,    died    1652.      John 

Merryweather,     fellow,     translator    of    sir    Thomas 

Browne's  Religio  Medici  into  latin,  flourished  1653. 


174          S.  MARY  MAGDALEN  COLLEGE. 

Richard  Vines,  master  of  Pembroke  hall,  and  one 
of  the  assembly  of  divines,  died  1655-6.  Thomas 
Bailey,  D.D.,  author  of  various  works  in  support  of 
Roman  catholic  doctrines,  died  about  1657.  Henry 
Dunster,  president  of  Harvard  college,  New  England, 
died  1659.  Thomas  Palmer,  B.D.,  fellow,  sequestred 
vicar  of  S.  Bride's,  London,  famed  as  a  preacher 
and  for  his  charities,  died  1659.  Adrian  Scroop, 
executed  as  a  regicide,  1660.  Brian  Walton,  bishop 
of  Chester,  died  1661.  Isaac  Ambrose,  ejected 
vicar  of  Garstang  in  Lancashire,  author  of  various 
theological  works,  died  1664.  Samuel  Eaton,  a 
famous  presbyterian  minister  in  New  England  and 
in  Cheshire,  died  1664-5.  Samuel  Hammond,  fellow, 
preacher  successively  at  S.  Giles',  Cambridge,  New- 
castle upon  Tyne,  and  Stockholm,  author  of  various 
works,  died  1666.  Stephen  Ludington,  D.D.,  arch- 
deacon of  Stow,  died  1667.  Thomas  Bayly,  bishop 
of  Killala,  died  1670.  John  Pullen,  fellow,  chancellor 
of  the  church  of  Lincoln,  and  chaplain  to  bishop 
Sanderson,  died  1670.  Timothy  Thurcross,  D.D., 
archdeacon  of  Cleveland,  died  1671.  Richard 
Perinchiefe,  D.D.,  fellow,  archdeacon  of  Huntingdon, 
editor  of  the  works  of  Charles  I.,  died  1673.  John 
Sadler,  master  of  this  college,  master  in  chancery, 
and  author  of  curious  works,  died  1674.  Sir  Orlando 
Bridgman,  lord  keeper  of  the  great  seal,  died  1674. 
Simon  Gunton,  canon  of  Peterborough,  the  learned 
historian  of  that  church,  died  1676.  Arthur  Dacres, 
M.D.,  fellow,  Geometry  professor  at  Gresham  college, 
died  1678.  Robert  Mossom,  bishop  of  Deny,  died 
1679.  James  Duport,  D.D.,  master,  dean  of  Peter- 


S.    MARY   MAGDALEN   COLLEGE.  175 

borough,  a  famous  greek  scholar,  died  1679.  Hezekiah 
Burton,  D.D.,  fellow,  canon  of  Norwich,  a  celebrated 
preacher,  died  1681.  Herbert  Astley,  LL.D.,  dean  of 
Norwich,  died  1681.  William  Howell,  LL.D.,  chancellor 
of  the  diocese  of  Lincoln,  author  of  elaborate 
historical  works,  died  1683.  William  Bell,  a  learned 
nonconformist,  author  of  various  religious  treatises, 
died  1683.  Edward  Eainbow,  master,  bishop  of 
Carlisle,  died  1684.  John  Knowles,  a  celebrated 
preacher  both  in  America  and  England,  died  1685. 
Richard  Thompson,  D.D.,  dean  of  Bristol,  died  1685. 
William  Erskine,  D.D.,  master  of  Charterhouse,  died 
1685.  John  Peachel,  D.D.,  master,  archdeacon  of 
Colchester,  died  1690.  Sir  Robert  Sawyer,  fellow, 
attorney  general  and  M.P.  for  the  university,  died 
1692.  Payne  Fisher,  a  noted  latin  poet,  died  1693. 
William  Payne,  D.D.,  fellow,  author  of  sermons 
and  theological  tracts,  died  1694.  Sir  Samuel 
Mori  and,  fellow,  author  of  the  History  of  the 
churches  of  Piedmont,  and  an  admirable  mathema- 
tician, died  1695.  Sir  Robert  Howard,  author  of 
poems,  plays,  and  political  tracts,  died  1698.  James 
Torre,  the  celebrated  Yorkshire  antiquary,  died  1699. 
John  Burton,  D.D.,  archdeacon  of  Cleveland,  died 
1700.  Walter  Leightonhouse,  prebendary  of  Lincoln, 
a  celebrated  preacher,  author  of  several  printed 
sermons,  died  1701.  Samuel  Pepys,  sometime 
secretary  of  the  admiralty  and  president  of  the 
royal  society,  celebrated  for  his  extraordinary  col- 
lection of  books  and  curious  diary, (0)  died  1703. 

(a)  An  account  of  Mr.  Pepys's  library  with  some  particulars  respecting 
the  publication  of  his  diary  will  be  found  in  a  subsequent  page. 


17  ,  S.    MAKY   MAGDALEN   COLLEGE. 

John  Northleigh,  M.D.,  physician  at  Exeter,  author 
of  Exercitationes  Philologies  and  other  works,  died 
1704.  Anthony  Radcliffe,  D.D.,  canon  of  Christ 
church,  Oxford,  a  munificent  benefactor  to  that 
college,  died  1705.  John  Spademan,  a  learned 
presbyterian  divine,  sometime  pastor  of  the  english 
church  at  Rotterdam,  died  1708.  Francis  Tallents, 
fellow,  ejected  vicar  of  S.  Mary's,  Shrewsbury, 
author  of  chronological  and  theological  works,  died 
1708.  Henry  James,  D.D.,  president  of  Queens' 
college  and  Regius  professor  of  divinity,  died 
1715-16.  Richard  Cumberland,  fellow,  bishop  of 
Peterborough,  died  1718.  Samuel  Grascome,  a 
noted  nonjuror,  author  of  numerous  works,  died 
1718.  James  Saunderson,  earl  of  Castleton,  died 
1723.  John  Johnson,  author  of  the  Unbloody 
Sacrifice,  died  1725.  Robert  Comyn,  archdeacon 
of  Salop,  died  1725.  John  Slater,  sometime  vicar 
of  Chatteris,  a  learned  nonjuror,  died  1726-7. 
John  Disney,  vicar  of  S.  Mary's,  Nottingham,  author 
of  numerous  publications  in  support  of  morality, 
and  of  meditations,  and  poems,  died  1729-30. 
William  North,  lord  North  and  Grey,  died  1734. 
Arthur  Annesley,  fellow,  earl  of  Anglesea,  high 
steward  of  the  university,  an  excellent  classical 
scholar,  died  1737.  Thomas  Johnson,  fellow,  editor 
of  Puffendorf,  died  1737.  Richard  Cumberland, 
archdeacon  of  Northampton,  died  1737.  Peter 
Newcome,  vicar  of  Hackney,  author  of  a  catechetical 
course  of  sermons,  died  1738.  John  Hollings,  M.D., 
royal  physician,  died  1739.  Daniel  Waterland,  D.D., 
master,  a  profound  theologian,  died  1740.  Robert 


, 

,h,  M.D.,  physician  at  Exeter,  author 
ionca  1  <md  other  works,  died 

of   (.' 

. 

.leman,    a   lea 

• 

Francis  '' 

i 

i 

i 

'     Hegi 

Richaril  nd,    fellow 

fi,    dio<:l     1718.       Samuel    G; 
•   of   nvmieroi! 
:t,rl    of    • 
-uthor    of 

t    Corny vi,    archdeacon 
John  '  otime  vicar 

» 


..rd  } 

:i,    high 
client    cla,- 
11,  fellov 

•,[ 

1737. 

VT.D., 
D.D., 


S.    MARY    MAGDALEN    COLLEGE.  179 

Richard  Grenville  Nugent  Temple  Brydges  Chandos, 
duke  of  Buckingham,  K.G.,  died  1839.  Francis  Wrang- 
ham,  archdeacon  of  Cleveland,  a  celebrated  classical 
scholar,  author  of  numerous  works,  died  1842.  John 
Hewlett,  rector  of  Hilgay,  Norfolk,  author  of  Com- 
mentaries and  Disquisitions  on  the  Holy  Scriptures, 
died  1844.  Charles  Januarius  Edward  Acton,  car- 
dinal, died  1847.  Thomas  Dikes,  minister  of  S.  John's 
Hull,  an  exemplary  and  public  spirited  clergyman, 
died  1847.  Thomas  Steele,  a  celebrated  irish  patriot, 
died  1848.  John  Lodge,  fellow,  university  librarian, 
died  1850.  Philip  Stanhope  Dodd,  fellow,  rector 
of  Penshurst,  and  for  many  years  a  popular  preacher 
in  London,  died  1852.  George  Neville  Grenville, 
master,  dean  of  Windsor,  died  1854.  Richard  Aid- 
worth  Neville,  lord  Braybrooke,  author  of  the  History 
of  Audley  end,  and  editor  of  Pepys's  Diary  and  other 
historical  works,  died  1858. 

THE  BUILDINGS. — Traces  of  the  ancient  Bucking- 
ham college  are  yet  discernible  in  some  portions  of 
the  structure. 

The  front  towards  the  street  does  not  present  an 
imposing  appearance. 

Internally  the  college  consists  of  two  courts.  The 
first  which  adjoins  the  street  is  a  hundred  and  ten 
feet  long  by  seventy-eight  feet  in  breadth.  The 
second  court  has  on  the  east,  what  is  even  yet  com- 
monly denominated  the  new  building.  It  is  of  stone, 
and  was  erected  in  or  about  1688.  Its  general 
appearance  is  pleasing,  although  the  rules  of  archi- 
tecture have  not  been  rigidly  followed.  Over  the 
windows  are  the  arms  of  Samuel  Pepys,  esq.,  sir 

N2 


180  S,    MARY  MAGDALEN   COLLEGE. 

Christopher  Wray,  and  Dr.  Peckard,  properly  em- 
blazoned. On  a  scroll  is  written  in  gilt  letters 
Mr.  Pepys's  motto: 

Mens  cujusque  is  est  quisque. 

and  underneath  is  the  following  inscription  also  in 
gilt  letters  : 

BlBLIOTHECA  PEPYSIANA   1724. 

THE  CHAPEL,  which  stands  on  the  north  side  of 
the  principal  court,  is  fifty  feet  in  length  by  eighteen 
in  breadth.  It  has  undergone  many  changes  at  suc- 
cessive periods. 

William  Dowsing  thus  notes  his  proceedings  here  : 
MADLTN  COLLEDGE,  Dec.  30,  1643. 

We  break  downe  about  40  Superstitious  Pictures,  Joseph 
&  Mary  stood  to  be  espoused  in  the  Windowes. 

Mr.  Blomefield  records  that  in  his  time  one  of 
the  windows  contained  the  arms  of  Neville  impaling 
those  of  Corbett,  and  that  in  another  window  was 
inscribed  : 


to  tlje  Sorb*  ant)  i^tag*  foftlj  t&e  f^eattc  ant) 

In  1847,  an  entire  restoration  of  the  structure  was 
effected.  The  ceiling  and  three  sets  of  rooms  over 
it  were  removed,  and  the  original  roof  exposed  to 
view.  The  east  window  which  had  been  bricked  up 
since  1752  was  opened,  and  woodwork  of  ancient 
design  was  substituted  for  that  which  then  existed.  (0) 
In  removing  the  panelling  at  the  east  end  were 
discovered  the  remains  of  four  richly  decorated  niches 
with  canopies.  These  have  been  restored. 

(a)  Our  engraving  represents  the  chapel  as  it  appeared  before  the 
restoration. 


JE4MB. 


ly  em- 

. 


1o  ip 


«ncl 
ttod  r 


SJHAJP3EE,,  XCA.G3DA3UEH  COILJUE ©3K . 


S.    MARY   MAGDALEN    COLLEGE.  183 

lord  high  treasurer ;  Henry  Howard,  earl  of  Suffolk, 
born  1706,  died  1745  (given  by  Sarah  his  wife,  and 
painted  by  Gibson) ;  Samuel  Pepys,  esq.  (by  Lely) ; 
John  lord  Howard  and  Braybrooke,  K.B.  ;  and  the 
hon.  and  rev.  George  Neville  Grenville,  master  of 
this  college  and  dean  of  Windsor. 

In  the  windows  are  the  arms  of  the  hon.  and 
rev.  George  Neville  Grenville ;  John  Oust,  viscount 
Alford,  M.A.,  1833 ;  John  Lodge,  M.A.,  president, 
1829  ;  William  Waud,  M.A.,  president,  1836;  Stephen 
Glas  Fawcett,  M.A.,  dean,  1837;  John  Nathaniel 
Micklethwait,  fellow,  1837;  Percy  Crutchley,  1827; 
C.  B.  Wynne,  fellow  commoner,  1839;  Cavendish 
Hervey  Foster,  1841 ;  T.  Cunliffe  Lister,  fellow 
commoner,  1843 ;  William  James  Stracey,  1839 ; 
W.  Lowther,  1839;  William  Somerset,  1841;  Ralph 
Neville,  M.A.,  1837;  C.  Lisle  Phillipps,  1831;  Francis 
Hopkinson,  fellow  commoner,  1841  ;  and  William 
Fulke  Lucy,  1843. 

On  the  wall  at  the  upper  end  are  painted  the 
royal  arms,  the  arms  of  lord  Audley ;  sir  Christopher 
Wray ;  Howard,  earl  of  Suffolk ;  and  Stafford,  duke 
of  Buckingham. 

A  handsome  staircase  at  the  lower  end  of  the 
Hall  leads  to  the  Combination  room,  over  the  door 
of  which  are  carved  the  coloured  arms  of  Edward 
Lucas. (a) 

(a)  Edward  Lucas  -was  admitted  of  Corpus  Christi  college,  in  this  uni- 
versity, in  1574,  but  took  no  degree.  He  glazed  one  of  the  windows 
in  the  old  hall  of  that  college  in  1582.  In  that  window  his  arms  were 
often  repeated,  and  there  were  inscriptions  wherein  he  was  designated 
as  of  London,  gentleman.  It  is  not  known  in  what  way  he  was  connected 
with  Magdalen  college. 


184         S.  MARY  MAGDALEN  COLLEGE. 

THE  COMBINATION  ROOM,  situate  south  of  the  Hall 
and  approached  therefrom,  is  a  handsome  and  com- 
fortable apartment.  It  contains  portraits  of  Thomas 
Busby,  MUS.D.,  born  Dec.  1755,  died  May,  1838, 
(presented  by  his  daughter  and  painted  by  Lonsdale) ; 
the  rev.  Thomas  Kerrich,  M.A.  ;  the  rev.  professor 
Farish;  and  the  rev.  John  Lodge.  There  are  also 
engravings  of  the  rev.  Edward  Warter,  M.A.  ;  Richard 
lord  Braybrooke,  and  sir  Isaac  Newton. 

THE  COLLEGE  LIBRARY,  which  was  formerly  kept  in 
a  chamber  over  the  chapel,  now  occupies  two  hand- 
some apartments,  communicating  with  each  other  on 
the  ground  floor  westward  of  the  chapel  on  the 
north  side  of  the  front  court. 

At  the  upper  end  is  an  altar-piece  of  plaster  of 
Paris  coloured  to  resemble  oak,  representing  the 
two  Marys  at  the  sepulchre.  It  was  executed  by 
Mr.  Collins,  and  removed  from  the  chapel  at  the 
period  when  that  structure  was  restored  and  re- 
fitted. 

THE  PEPYSIAN  LIBRARY. — Under  the  will  of  Samuel 
Pepys,  esq.,  the  college  after  the  death  of  his  nephew 
John  Jackson,  which  occurred  in  or  about  1724, 
became  entitled  to  his  rare  and  valuable  collection 
of  manuscripts  and  printed  books,  prints,  and  draw- 
ings. The  following  testamentary  paper  explains 
the  terms  on  which  these  literary  and  pictorial  trea- 
sures were  received : 

For  the  further  settlement  and  preservation  of  my  said 
library,  after  the  death  of  my  nephew,  John  Jackson,  I  do  hereby 
declare,  that  could  I  be  sure  of  a  constant  succession  of  heirs 
from  my  said  nephew,  qualified  like  himself  for  the  use  of  such 


N  ROOM,  aituat*  of  the  Hall 

d  therefrom,  is  ud  com- 

aits  of  Thomas 
•-.id  May,    1838, 

its  daughter  1  by  Lonsdalo) ; 

the  rev.  prof* 

Tliere  are  also 
Wurter,  M.A.  ;  Richard 
•11. 

occupies 

• 

of  the 


-     • 


ik,    representing   the 
!  by 


heirs 


S.    MARY   MAGDALEN    COLLEGE.  187 

The  manuscript  was  then  submitted,  together  with  the  key, 
to  the  rev.  John  Smith/")  by  whose  industry  and  perseverance 
the  Diary  was  at  length  completely  decyphered.  Its  publication 
being  resolved  on,  lord  Braybrooke  undertook  the  task  of 
editing  it,  and  added  much  valuable  information  in  the  shape 
of  notes.  The  first  edition  appeared  in  2  vols.  4to.  1825. 
The  work  was  at  once  hailed  as  highly  entertaining,  and 
affording  important  additions  to  our  knowledge  of  the  times 
to  which  it  relates/6)  A  second  edition  appeared  in  5  vols. 
8vo.  1828.  The  third  edition  published  in  5  vols.  12mo. 
1848,  9/c)  is  more  voluminous  than  either  of  the  former,  such 
parts  only  being  reserved  as  are  entirely  unfit  for  publication. 
A  fourth  edition  in  4  vols.  8vo.  appeared  in  1854. 

Papers  of  State,  3  vols.  fo.  In  the  first  of  these  volumes 
are  the  extraordinary  letters  between  lord  Robert  Dudley, 
afterwards  earl  of  Leicester,  and  Thomas  Blount,  relative 
to  the  death  of  Amy  Robsart.W 

The  Maitland  Manuscripts,  2  vols.  fo.  and  4to.  Ancient 
Scottish  poems  collected  by  sir  Richard  Maitland  of  Lethington, 
who  died  1586.  John  Pinkerton  in  1786  published  a  selection 
from  these  poems,  2  vols.  8vo. 

The  relation  of  the  escape  of  king  Charles  II.  from 
Worcester,  dictated  to  Mr.  Pepys  by  the  king  at  Newmarket, 
3  and  5  Oct.,  1680.  This  has  been  printed. 

The  original  Libro  de  Cargos,  as  to  the  provision,  ammuni- 
tion, &c.  of  the  Provedor  of  the  Spanish  Armada.  2  vols.  fo. 

Account  of  the  family  of  Carew,  decorated  with  numerous 
and  beautifully  emblazoned  coats  of  arms. 

History  of  Christ's  hospital  in  London,  fo. 

History  of  Milford  Haven.     4to. 

(a)  Mr.  Smith  who  is  of  S.  John's  was  formerly  deputy  esquire  bedel. 
He  now  holds  the  rectory  of  Baldock  in  Hertfordshire.  In  1841  he  pub- 
lished in  2  vols.  8vo.  Mr.  Pepys's  Correspondence  and  Voyage  to  Tangier. 

(6)  See  Francis  Jeffrey's  notice  of  the  work  in  the  Edinburgh  Keview 
for  September,  1825,  in  Jeffrey's  Contributions  to  the  Edinburgh  Iteview, 
ed.  1853,  p.  224. 

(c)  Some  copies  have  the  date  1851. 

(d)  Printed  in  the  Appendix  of  the  first  vol.  to  the  third  edition  of 
Pepys's  Diary,  381 — 388,  and  more  accurately  in  Bartlett's  Historical  and 
Descriptive  account  of  Cumnor  Place,  39 — 57. 


188  8.    MAKY   MAGDALEN    COLLEGE. 

Poetry  by  Chaucer,  unpublished. 

Ovid's  Metamorphoses:  printed  by  Mr.  Hibbert  for  the 
Eoxburghe  club. 

Collections  of  Caligraphy. 

Prints  and  drawings  illustrative  of  the  history,  antiquities, 
and  topography  of  London,  2  vols.  fo.,  including  considerable 
additions  made  by  Mr.  Jackson. 

Engraved  portraits  and  miscellaneous  prints,  4  vols.  fo. 

Books  printed  by  Caxton,  De  Worde,  Pynson,  and  other 
early  english  printers.  Many  of  these  books  are  very  rare. 
The  following  are  supposed  to  be  unique : — Here  begyneth  a 
lyttel  treatise  that  sheweth  how  every  man  and  woman  oughte 
to  faste  and  absteyne  them  from  fleshe  on  the  Wednesday, 
4to.  n.  d.  The  foundacyon  of  the  chapel  of  Walsingham,  4to. 
n.  d.  (in  verse).  Douatus  pro  pueris,  4to.  n.  d.  The  epitaffe  of 
the  most  noble  and  valyaunt  Jaspar,  late  Duke  of  Beddeforde, 
4to.  (in  verse).  Ordinale  Sarum  (De  Worde),  1503,  4to.  The 
Boke  named  the  Royall,  1507.  Here  begyneth  the  Justes  of 
the  moneth  of  May  parfurnyshed  and  done  by  Charles  Brandon, 
Thomas  Kynuet,  Willy  am  Hussy,  and  Gyles  Capell.  The 
xxii  yere  of  the  reygne  of  our  Souerayne  lorde  Kynge  Henry  the 
seventh,  4to.  (in  verse).  Here  begyneth  the  Justes  and  tourney 
of  the  moneth  of  June,  parfurnyshed  and  done  by  Richard  Graye, 
erle  of  Kent,  by  Charles  Brandon  wyth  theyr  two  aydes  agaynst 
all  comers.  The  xxii  yere  of  the  reygne  of  our  Souerayne 
Lorde  Kynge  Henry  vii,  4to.  (in  verse).  Foedus  Matrimonii 
inter  Carolum  Maximiliani  Imperatoris  filiam,  et  Mariam 
Henrici  vn.  Regis  Anglise  filiam,  4to.  1508.  The  Rote  or 
Myrror  of  Consolatyon  and  comforte,  4to.  1509.  A  vellum 
copy  of  Pynson's  Missale  ad  usum  insignis  et  preclare  ecclesie 
Sarum,  1520.  The  worthie  hysteric  of  the  most  noble  and 
valyaunt  Knight  Plasidas,  otherwise  called  Eustas,  who  was 
martyred  for  the  profession  of  Jesus  Christ.  Gathered  in 
English  verse  by  John  Partridge,  in  the  yere  of  our  Lord  1566, 
12mo.  The  most  famouse  and  worthie  historic  of  the  worthy 
Lady  Panduola,  daughter  to  the  mighty  Paynim,  the  great 
Turke,  1566,  12mo.  (in  verse).  The  goodli  history  of  the  most 
noble  and  beautifull  Ladyc  Lucres  of  Sicne  in  Tuskan,  and 


S.  MARY  MAGDALEN  COLLEGE.          189 

of  her  lover  Eurialus,  vcrje  plcsaunt  and  delectable  unto  the 
reder,  1567,  12mo.  The  northern  mother's  blessing.  The  way 
of  thrift.  Written  nine  years  before  the  death  of  G.  Chaucer, 
1597,  12mo.  (poetry). 

Early  english  ballads,  5  vols.  fo.  This  collection  which 
was  commenced  by  the  illustrious  John  Selden,  was  of  great 
use  to  bishop  Percy  in  the  compilation  of  his  Keliques,  and 
to  Thomas  and  R.  II.  Evans  in  their  collection  of  old  ballads. 

A  copy  of  Dr.  Davies's  Cambrobrytanicae  Cymrascaeque  linguae 
Institutiones,  (London,  fo.  1592)  presented  by  the  celebrated 
James  Howell  to  Ben  Jonson,  kal.  Jan.  1634.  On  the  fly-leaf 
is  a  latin  letter  Howellus  Johnstono,  at  the  foot  whereof  is 
written  "  To  THE  poett  Mr.  Benjamin  Johnston  upon  Dr.  Davis 
Welsh  Grammar." 

Sir  Francis  Drake's  pocket  tables  neatly  drawn  on  a  small 
folding  piece  of  vellum  bearing  his  autograph. 

Tracts  on  short  hand,  4  vols.  4to. 

Sea  Tracts,  4  vols.  4to. 

London  Gazette,  1665—1703. 

News  pamphlets,  1659—1666. 

Liturgical  Controversies,  5  vols. 

Convocation  Pamphlets,  12  vols. 

Consutilia,  12  vols.  Single  sermons  of  the  most  celebrated 
presbyterian  and  independent  preachers,  1640 — 1660. 

Tracts  on  the  Popish  plot,  6  vols.  fo. 

Old  Plays,  4  vols.  4to. 

Vulgaria,  4  vols.  4to.  The  most  noted  pieces  of  chivalry, 
art,  pastime,  devotion,  and  poetry  in  vogue  with  the  english 
populace. 

Penny  Merriments. 

Penny  Witticisms. 

Penny  Compliments. 

Penny  Godlinesses. 

Tliis  library  was  for  many  years  kept  in  the 
front  part  of  the  new  building.  It  was  then  removed 
to  the  rooms  in  which  the  college  library  is  now 
placed,  and  afterwards  to  the  present  Master's  Lodge. 


190  S.  MARY   MAGDALEN   COLLEGE. 

It  is  now  deposited  in  apartments  in  the  rear  of 
the  new  building. 

According  to  the  existing  regulations,  this  library 
can  only  be  consulted  in  the  presence  of  the  master 
or  one  of  the  four  fellows  on  the  old  foundation, 
but  the  master  has  the  privilege  of  taking  a  limited 
number  of  volumes  to  his  lodge. 

THE  MASTER'S  LODGE  formerly  occupied  the  north- 
west angle  of  the  principal  court. 

The  present  Lodge  erected  on  land  which  had 
belonged  to  the  bishop  of  Ely,  as  impropriate  rector 
of  the  parish  of  S.  Giles,  is  north  of  the  principal 
court,  and  is  surrounded  by  spacious  gardens  and 
ornamental  grounds. 

The  first  stone  was  laid  8th  July,  1835  by  his 
royal  highness  prince  Greorge  of  Cambridge  (now 
duke  of  Cambridge.) 

The  Lodge  contains  a  very  fine  painting  of 
S.  Mary  Magdalen  (by  sir  Martin  Archer  Shee, 
P.R.A.,  and  presented  to  the  college  by  lord  de 
Dunstanville).  There  are  also  several  portraits  of 
the  family  of  Ferrar  and  other  portraits  of  historical 
interest,  including  one  of  Edward  Stafford,  duke 
of  Buckingham,  given  to  the  college  by  that  noted 
antiquary  Browne  Willis,  and  engraved  by  Hou- 
braken. 

The  northern  side  of  the  grounds  is  occupied  by 
a  terrace,  said  to  have  been  formed  from  the  earth- 
works which  bounded  the  old  roman  station  at 
Cambridge. 

MASTERSHIP,  FELLOWSHIPS,  AND  SCHOLARSHIPS. — The 
mastership  is  in  the  patronage  of  the  visitor,  the 


S.  MARY    MAGDALEN    COLLEGE.  191 

owner  of  the  estate  of  Audley  end  (the  site  of  the 
dissolved  abbey  of  Walden.)  The  government  of  the 
society  is  vested  exclusively  in  the  master  and  the 
four  fellows  of  the  original  foundation.  There  are 
thirteen  bye-fellowships,  and  nearly  fifty  scholarships 
and  exhibitions.  Under  the  new  regulations,  which 
will  come  into  operation  after  the  termination  of 
vested  rights,  the  bye-fellowships  will  be  abolished, 
and  the  society  will  consist  of  the  master  and  eight 
foundation-fellows. 

According  to  Dr.  Caius,  there  were  in  1573  the 
master,  five  fellows,  three  ministers,  twenty-three 
pensioners,  and  seventeen  sizars,  in  all  forty-nine. 

In  1621,  there  were  the  master,  ten  fellows  and 
twenty  scholars;  these  with  students,  &c.  making  a 
total  of  ninety. 

Fuller,  referring  to  1635,  states  that  there 
were  a  master,  eleven  fellows,  twenty-two  scholars, 
besides  officers  and  servants  of  the  foundation, 
with  other  students,  being  in  all  one  hundred  and 
forty. 

In  August,  1641,  ninety-six  members  of  this 
college  contributed  £5  to  a  poll-tax. 

In  1672,  there  were  the  master,  fifteen  fellows, 
and  thirty-one  scholars,  besides  officers  and  servants 
of  the  foundation  with  other  students,  being  in  all  one 
hundred  and  eighteen. 

Carter  in  his  History  of  the  University,  published 
1753,  says  that  the  members  of  this  college  were  the 
master,  sixteen  fellows,  and  twenty-five  scholars  and 
exhibitioners,  and  that  the  total  number  usually  of 
the  college  was  forty  or  upwards. 


192  S.    MAEY   MAGDALEN   COLLEGE. 

PATEONAGE.  —  The  rectory  of  Longstanton  S. 
Michael  in  Cambridgeshire ;  the  rectory  of  Anderby 
cum  Comberworth,  and  the  perpetual  curacy  of  Grain- 
thorpe,  in  Lincolnshire ;  the  vicarage  of  S.  Catharine 
Cree  in  London ;  the  rectory  of  Great  Fransham  in 
Norfolk;  the  rectory  of  Aldrington  in  Sussex;  and 
the  vicarage  of  Steeple  Ashton  in  Wiltshire. 


THE   BRIDGE,    TRINITY    COLLEGE. 


TRINITY  COLLEGE. 

THIS  college,  by  far  the  most  important  in  the  uni- 
versity, was  formed  by  the  consolidation  and  extension 
of  the  two  foundations  of  King's  hall  and  Michael- 
house,  accounts  of  which  are  subjoined. 

KING'S  HALL.(<I) — King  Edward  II.  supported  at 
Cambridge  certain  scholars  under  the  government 
of  a  master  or  warden.  We  believe  that  the  earliest 
notice  of  the  matter  is  to  be  found  in  the  fragment 
of  a  writ  to  the  sheriff  of  Cambridgeshire,  tested  at 
Buckby,  7th  of  July,  10  Edw.  II.  [1316].  At  that 

(a)  It  will  be  seen  by  what  follows  that  King's  hall  was  a  more  ancient 
institution  than  Michaelhouse,  although  probably  the  latter  sooner  acquired 
a  complete  collegiate  form. 

VOL.  II.  O 


194  TRINITY   COLLEGE. 

period  John  de  Baggeshote  was  the  master,  and  the 
number  of  the  scholars,  who  were  children  of  the 
king's  chapel,  was  only  twelve.  They  were  however 
increased  during  that  reign  to  thirty-two, (a)  and  John 
de  Baggeshote  was  succeeded  in  the  mastership  by 
Simon  de  Bury,  to  whom  the  king  gave  certain  books 
of  the  laws  and  canons.  These  were  taken  away 
from  him  by  command  of  queen  Isabella,  and  in 
October,  1332,  we  find  Edward  III.  giving  £10 
to  Simon  de  Bury  as  compensation  for  the  loss  of 
these  books. 

During  the  reign  of  Edward  II.,  the  king's  scholars 
resided  in  hired  houses,  and  although  that  monarch 
did  not  live  to  carry  out  his  intention  of  erecting 
a  hall  for  their  reception  he  was  regarded  as  the 
founder  of  the  institution,  and  is  so  designated  in  the 
ancient  university  statute,  de  exequiis  annuatium 
celebrandis,  under  which  his  exequies  were  performed 
on  the  fifth  of  May  annually,  with  a  mass  of  requiem 
on  the  morrow. 

On  2nd  of  April,  6  Edw.  III.  [1332],  Ralph  de 
Nevill,  Richard  de  Bury,  and  others  were  appointed 
by  the  king  to  remove  from  the  university  such  of 
the  scholars  supported  there  by  him  as  were  suffi- 
ciently beneficed,  and  also  those  who  were  unfit  to  pro- 
ceed in  the  university ;  and  on  the  4th  of  February, 
7  Edw.  III.  [1332-3]  a  writ  issued  for  the  payment  by 
the  sheriff  of  Cambridgeshire,  to  John  de  Langetoft, 
warden  of  the  king's  eleemosinary  scholars  in  this 

(a)  There  is  a  writ  to  the  sheriff  of  Cambridgeshire  for  payment  of 
arrears  to  the  king's  scholars  studying  in  this  university  and  also  of  their 
future  allowance,  14  Dec.  20  Edw.  II.  [1327]. 


TRINITY   COLLEGE. 


195 


TEIVTIVS  9OWARDVS  FAMA  SVPER^THERA  n.OTVs| 


STATUE    OF    EDWARD    III.    OX    NORTH    TOWER    OF    THE    GREAT    COURT. 


university,  of  the  arrears  due  to  liim  for  the  rent  of  the 
houses  which  they  had  inhabited  for  the  last  two 
years. (a)  In  a  writ  for  payment  of  the  wages  of  the 
scholars,  issued  26th  of  January,  9  Edw.  III.  [1334-5] 
Thomas  Powis  is  styled  master  and  warden  of  the 
thirty-two  boys  whom  the  king  supported  in  this 
university. 

By  letters  patent  dated  at  the  Tower  of  London, 
7th  of  October,  in  the  eleventh  year  of  his  reign 
[1337],  Edward  III.,  to  the  honour  of  God,  of  Mary 
the  virgin  his  mother,  and  all  saints,  and  for  the 
soul  of  the  Lord  Edward  his  father,  late  king  of 

(a)  Like  writs,  7th  April,  and  9th  August,  7  Edw.  III.  [1333],  specify 
the  amount  then  in  arrear  for  the  two  years  as  ten  marks. 

02 


196  TRINITY    COLLEGE. 

England,  of  famous  memory  who,  in  tender  consider- 
ation that  thirty-two  scholars  should  in  the  university 
of  Cambridge  have  leisure  for  study,  provided 
them  with  necessaries  for  that  purpose,  also  for  the 
wealth  of  his  soul,  and  the  souls  of  Philippa,  queen  of 
England,  his  most  dear  consort,  and  of  his  children 
and  progenitors,  ordained,  erected,  and  established, 
for  all  time  to  endure,  a  certain  college  of  thirty-two 
scholars,  continually  studying  in  the  university 
aforesaid,  whom  he  willed  to  dwell  together  in  his 
mansion  near  the  hospital  of  S.  John,  in  the  parish 
of  the  church  of  All  Saints',  Cambridge,  which  he 
had  purchased  of  Master  Robert  de  Croiland,(o)  and 
that  mansion  to  be  called  the  hall  of  the  king's 
scholars  of  Cambridge,  and  he  appointed  such  college 
to  be  governed  by  a  warden,  and  preferred  master 
Thomas  Powys  to  the  wardenship,  and  gave  and 
granted  the  mansion  aforesaid  to  the  warden  and 
scholars  of  the  said  college  and  their  successors 
for  ever,  in  free,  pure  and  perpetual  alms ;  together 
with  the  advowson  of  the  church  of  S.  Peter  of 
Northampton,  and  the  chapels  to  that  church  annexed, 
giving  licence  to  appropriate  that  church  with  the 
chapels  aforesaid. 

The  king  on  16th  of  October  in  the  eleventh  year 
of  his  reign  [1337],  addressed  a  letter  to  the  pope  to 

(a)  Robert  de  Croyland,  rector  of  the  church  of  Undele,  on  26th  October, 
10  Edw.  III.,  [1336],  granted  to  the  king,  a  messuage  with  its  appurtenances 
in  the  parish  of  All  Saints',  Cambridge,  between  the  tenement  of  Edmund  de 
Walsingham  and  William  Atte  Conduit  on  the  east  part,  and  the  place 
called  Cornhyth  upon  the  running  water  on  the  west  part.  In  the  same 
year  his  majesty  empowered  Thomas  Lacy,  William  the  son  of  John  Muschet 
and  John  de  Coupland  to  give  seizin  to  Thomas  Powys  of  his  (the  king's) 
house  late  of  Robert  Crouland. 


TRINITY   COLLEGE.  197 

confirm  the  foundation,    also   a  letter  to   P.  bishop 
Penestr.  to  influence  the  pope. 

By  letters  patent  24th  of  February,  12  Edw.  III. 
[1337-8],  the  king  granted  to  the  warden  fourpence 
a  day,  and  to  each  of  the  thirty-two  scholars  twopence 
a  day,  till  he  should  make  some  other  order  for  their 
support.  The  warden  had  also  an  allowance  of  eight 
marks  a  year  for  two  robes,  and  the  scholars  were 
provided  with  robes  according  to  their  scholastical 
degrees.  These  were  in  the  first  instance  supplied 
from  the  royal  wardrobe,  but  ultimately  pecuniary 
allowances  were  substituted. 

On  12th  of  March,  12  Edw.  III.  [1337-8],  the  king 
granted  to  the  warden  and  scholars  the  advowson 
of  Fakenham  in  Norfolk,  in  lieu  of  S.  Peter's, 
Northampton,  he  having  forgotten  that  he  had 
previously  granted  the  latter  church  to  the  hospital 
of  S.  Catharine,  near  the  Tower  of  London. 

On  23rd  of  April,  in  the  thirteenth  year  of  his  reign 
[1339],  the  king  commanded  the  sheriff  of  Cambridge- 
shire to  provide  the  warden  with  carriage  for  timber 
for  repairing  and  building  houses  for  the  habita- 
tion of  the  scholars,  and  on  the  10th  of  May  following, 
the  sheriff  was  commanded  to  cause  to  be  cut  and 
carried  to  Cambridge  and  delivered  to  Thomas  Powys, 
master  of  the  scholars,  six  oaks  which  queen  Philippa 
had  given  from  her  forest  of  Sappele,  and  four 
oaks  which  Elizabeth  de  Burgh  had  given  from 
her  park  of  Hundone. 

The  prior  of  the  chapel  of  S.  Edmund  in 
Cambridge,  of  the  order  of  Sempringham,  on  1st 
of  November,  13  Edw.  III.  [1339],  demised  to  the 


198  TRINITY   COLLEGE. 

warden  and  scholars  for  five  years,  a  garden  in  the 
parish  of  All  Saints',  between  the  garden  formerly 
of  Edmund  de  Walsingham  on  the  one  part,  and 
the  lane  near  the  garden  of  the  hospital  of  S.  John 
on  the  other  part,  abutting  against  the  west  on 
the  king's  ditch  and  against  the  east  upon  the 
messuage  of  Amabilia  Pyke.(0) 

Edward  III.,  by  letters  patent  dated  at  the  Tower 
of  London  the  17th  of  January,  in  the  fourteenth 
year  of  his  reign  [1340-1],  reciting  that  he  had 
lately  acquired  in  fee  of  divers  men  of  the  town 
of  Cambridge,  one  messuage  and  certain  places, 
with  the  appurtenances, (6)  to  wit,  one  messuage  with 
the  appurtenances,  in  the  parish  of  the  church  of 
All  Saints'  of  Cambridge,  of  Master  Edward  de 
Walsingham, (c)  and  one  garden  of  Henry  de  Gretford, 
which  was  formerly  of  the  prior  of  the  chapel  of 

(a)  On  6th  September,  5  Hen.  V.  [1417],  this  garden  was  leased 
by  the  then  prior  of  S.  Edmund's  to  King's  hall  for  99  years  at  the 
annual  rent  of  I2d.,  and  on  5th  April,  23  Hen.  VII.  [1508],  Roger 
Felton,  prior  of  S.  Edmund's,  demised  this  garden  to  Geoffrey,  bishop  of 
Chester,  [Lichfield  and  Coventry]  master,  and  the  scholars  of  King's  hall 
for  99  years  at  3s.  4rf.  per  annum,  with  a  clause  of  renewal.  In  this 
lease  the  garden  is  stated  to  abut  on  the  tenement  of  Michaelhouse,  called 
Grammer  hostel,  in  the  tenure  of  Thomas  Ayer,  clerk,  then  part  of 
King's  hall. 

(6)  The  king  on  20th  March,  1338-9,  commissioned  the  mayor  of  the 
town  of  Cambridge  and  Thomas  Powys,  jointly  and  severally  to  purchase 
all  such  houses  and  places  in  the  said  town,  which  they  should  deem 
necessary  and  fit  for  the  enlargement  of  the  mansion  of  the  warden  and 
clerks  in  his  hall  of  Cambridge,  by  his  alms  sustained. 

(c)  On  30th  November,  12  Edw.  III.  [1338],  the  king  by  writ  em- 
powered Richard  Twylet,  mayor  of  the  town  of  Cambridge,  to  take  seizin 
on  his  behalf  of  a  messuage,  with  the  appurtenances,  in  Cambridge, 
contiguous  to  the  mansion  of  the  warden  and  scholars  of  the  King's 
hall,  which  messuage  the  king  had  purchased  of  master  Edmund  de 
Walsingham. 


TRINITY   COLLEGE.  199 

S.  Edmund  of  Cambridge, (a)  and  one  place  of  land 
at  Damenicolesheth  in  the  same  town,  of  Bartholomew 
Peryn,  and  one  place  of  land  with  the  appurtenances 
in  the  same  town,  of  Robert  de  Syggesford,  and 
one  place  of  land  with  the  appurtenances,  at 
Damenicolesheth  in  the  said  town  of  Cambridge, 
of  John  the  son  of  William  de  Comberton  of 
Cambridge,  and  one  place  with  the  appurtenances, 
at  Damenicolesheth  in  the  same  town,  of  William 
de  Glacton,  and  one  place  of  land  with  the  appurten- 
ances, at  Damenicolesheth  in  the  same  town,  of 
Stephen  the  son  of  Bartholomew  Morys  of  Cambridge, 
as  by  the  charters  thereupon  to  him  made  would 
more  fully  appear;  he  gave  and  granted  to  the 
warden  and  scholars  of  his  hall  in  the  said  town 
of  Cambridge,  the  aforesaid  messuage  and  places 
with  the  appurtenances,  to  have  and  to  hold  to 
them  and  their  successors  for  the  enlargement  of 
their  mansion  there,  of  him  and  his  heirs,  quit  of 
that  which  to  him  pertained,  and  of  the  other  lords 
of  those  fees  by  the  services  thence  due  and 
accustomed  for  ever.  Also  he  pardoned  to  the  same 
warden  and  scholars  the  trespasses  which  they  had 
committed  in  acquiring  to  them  and  their  successors, 
and  entering  (his  licence  not  obtained)  upon  a  certain 
part  of  a  certain  lane,  between  the  garden  of  the 
hospital  of  S.  John  the  evangelist  and  the  tenement 

(a)  Henry  de  Gretford,  3rd  January,  14  Edw.  III.  [1340-1],  granted  to 
the  king  a  garden  in  the  parish  of  All  Saints',  Cambridge,  between  the 
garden  of  Edmund  de  Walsingham  on  the  one  part,  and  the  lane  formerly 
near  the  garden  of  the  hospital  of  S.  John  on  the  other  part,  abutting  on 
the  garden  of  Amabilia  Pyke  towards  the  east,  and  the  other  upon  the 
river. 


200  TRINITY    COLLEGE. 

formerly  of  the  prior  of  S.  Edmund  of  Cambridge, 
which  part  of  a  lane  extended  itself  from  the  house 
of  the  aforesaid  prior,  opposite  the  church  of  All 
Saints'  of  Trumpington  ward  unto  the  end  of  the 
same,(o)  also  one  waste  place  at  the  Cornheth  with 
the  appurtenances  in  the  same  town  of  Cambridge, 
called  the  king's  ditch,  containing  in  itself  two 
hundred  feet  in  length  and  fourteen  feet  in  breadth. 

On  24th  of  May,  in  the  sixteenth  year  of  his 
reign  [1342],  the  king  empowered  his  chancellor,  his 
treasurer,  the  keeper  of  the  privy  seal,  the  steward 
of  the  royal  chamber,  the  master  of  the  rolls,  and 
the  royal  confessor  and  almoner,  to  order,  dispose, 
and  appoint  the  foundation  of  this  hall,  and  to 
assign  to  the  warden  and  scholars  at  the  king's 
expense,  the  church  of  Fakenham  and  other  churches, 
sufficient  for  their  food,  clothing,  and  the  support 
of  their  house ;  also  to  ordain  a  rule  for  the  conduct 
of  the  scholars,  and  the  use  and  advantage  of  the 
college,  and  to  grant  them  by  letters  patent  such 
liberties  as  the  king  had  granted  to  the  college 
of  chaplains,  founded  at  Stratford-upon-Avon,  by 
John  archbishop  of  Canterbury.  Certain  grants  of 
money  theretofore  made  were  to  cease.  On  25th  of 
July  following  he  granted  to  the  warden  and  scholars 
the  advowson  of  the  church  of  Felmersham,  with 
the  chapel  of  Pavenham  annexed  in  the  county  of 

(a)  In  13  Edw.  III.  the  prior  of  the  chapel  of  S.  Edmund  remised  and 
released  to  the  warden  and  scholars  of  King's  hall,  all  his  right  in  a  certain 
lane  near  the  garden  of  the  hospital  of  S.  John,  he  having  before  the  right 
of  going  and  returning  by  the  same  lane  from  his  messuage  in  the  parish 
of  All  Saints',  between  the  messuage  of  Amabilia  Pyke  on  the  one  part 
and  the  messuage  of  John  Godyn  on  the  other  to  the  river. 


' 

•rom  the  house 

church  of  All 

-.he  end  of  the 

fie    Cornheth   with 

wn  of  Cambridge, 

aining    in   itself   two 

rteen  feet  in  breadth. 

sixteenth  year  of  his 

o  priv\ 

ister  of     '.-• 
'•noner,   to 

of    this   hull, 

at   the   king's 

nd  other  churches, 

"iid  the  support 


_ 

. 


right 


9  a 


0*   S 

BI 


TRINITY   COLLEGE.  203 

before  his  council  at  Westminster,  on  the  quindene 
of  Easter,  when  they  appeared  before  Simon  bishop 
of  London,  John  bishop  of  Ely,  John  Knyvet 
the  king's  chancellor,  and  others  of  the  council,  to 
whom  submitting  themselves  concord  was  estab- 
lished. 

Thomas  Sturniyn,  and  Thomas  de  Badburgham, 
apothecary,  burgess  of  Cambridge,  in  50  Edw.  III. 
granted  to  the  warden  and  scholars,  a  messuage  in 
the  parish  of  All  Saints',  between  the  tenement  of 
King's  hall  on  the  one  part,  and  the  lane  called 
King's  childer  lane  on  the  other,  one  head  abutting 
on  the  High  street,  which  messuage  was  formerly  of 
William  Atte  Conduit. 

Under  a  licence  from  Oliver  Sutton,  bishop  of 
Lincoln,  dated  25th  of  May,  1377,  the  churches  of 
Grendon  Underwood,  and  Fleet  Marston  in  the 
county  of  Buckingham,  were  for  the  term  of  three 
years  appropriated  to  the  warden  and  scholars  of 
this  hall. 

Richard  II.  on  5th  of  March,  in  the  third  year  of 
his  reign  [1379-80],  gave  a  code  of  statutes  for  the 
government  of  this  house.  These  he  directed  to  be 
read  thrice  a  year.  Two  stewards{a)  were  to  be 
elected  annually  from  amongst  the  scholars,  and  mass 
was  to  be  said  on  every  Sunday  for  the  souls  of 
Edw.  II.,  Edw.  III.,  and  the  king's  father,  and  for  the 
good  estate  of  the  king  and  realm.  The  scholars,  who 
were  to  have  a  common  table,  were  to  be  fourteen 
years  of  age,  sufficiently  instructed  in  the  rules  of 

(a)  There  were  usually  six  stewards,  two  for  the  commons,  two  to  take 
care  of  the  fabric,  and  two  to  oversee  the  estates. 


204  TRINITY   COLLEGE. 

grammar,  to  be  fit  to  study  dialectics,  and  their 
scholarships  were  to  be  avoided  by  entering  into 
religion,  or,  at  the  end  of  a  year  after  obtaining  a 
benefice  ecclesiastical  of  the  annual  value  of  ten  marks 
or  temporal  possessions  of  the  annual  value  of  £5, 
or  immediately  on  obtaining  a  benefice  or  temporal 
possession  of  the  annual  value  of  £40.  They  were 
always  to  speak  latin,  or  at  least  french. 

Thomas  Arundel,  bishop  of  Ely,  was  commissioned 
by  Richard  II.  on  14th  of  July,  in  the  seventh  year 
of  his  reign  [1383],  to  visit  the  college  of  the  king's 
poor  scholars  in  Cambridge.  Complaint  had  been  made 
to  the  king,  that  the  master  had  negligently  permitted 
the  buildings  to  run  to  ruin  and  decay,  that  he 
had  wasted  some  of  the  estates  and  possessions,  dis- 
sipated and  lost  the  books,  plate,  and  other  goods 
belonging  to  the  college,  and  diminished  the  number 
of  the  scholars  instituted  by  the  royal  founder. 

King's  hall  was  prepared  for  the  reception  of 
Richard  II.,(a)  when  he  held  a  parliament  at  Cam- 

(a)  This  monarch,  by  letters  patent,  dated  19th  November,  in  the  seven- 
teenth year  of  his  reign,  [1393],  gave  licence  to  the  abbat  and  convent  of  SS. 
Sergius  and  Bacchus  in  Normandy,  to  sell  to  the  prior  and  convent  of  the  house 
of  S.  Anne  of  the  Carthusian  order  near  Coventry,  the  manors  of  Swavesey 
and  Dry  Drayton  in  Cambridgeshire,  and  the  advowson  of  the  church  of 
Swavesey,  to  hold  to  their  proper  use  for  ever  in  free,  pure,  and  perpetual 
alms ;  saving  nevertheless  sixty-five  marks  sterling,  which  the  said  prior  and 
convent  should  be  bound  to  pay  annually  after  the  end  of  six  years  then  next 
to  the  warden  and  scholars  of  this  hall.  But  by  other  letters  patent  dated  21st 
May,  in  the  twenty-second  year  of  his  reign  [1399J,  he  released  the  prior 
and  convent  from  payment  of  the  sixty-five  marks,  upon  condition  that  they 
found  and  sustained  within  their  house  twelve  poor  clerks  from  seven  years 
old  to  seventeen,  there  to  pray  for  the  good  estate  of  him  and  his  consort 
during  their  lives,  and  afterwards  for  the  health  of  their  souls,  as  also  for  the 
soul  of  Anne  late  queen  of  England,  and  for  the  souls  of  his  father  and 
mother,  and  all  the  faithful  departed. 


TRINITY    COLLEGE.  205 

bridge,  in  August,  1388,  but  it  seems  that  he  lodged 
in  the  priory  of  Barn  well,  where  the  parliament 
assembled. 

Henry  IV.,  on  8th  of  October,  in  the  first  year  of 
his  reign  [1399],  confirmed  the  charter  of  foundation 
and  other  grants  made  to  this  house  by  Edw.  III. 
and  Rich.  II. 

Buildings  were  in  progress  here  in  1420,  when 
the  warden  and  scholars  preferred  a  complaint  against 
the  bailiffs  of  Cambridge  for  exacting  toll  from 
the  carriers  of  timber  and  other  materials  for  the 
construction  of  the  college. 

Richard  Holme,  warden,  canon  of  York,  and 
Sarum,  who  died  in  1424,  was  an  eminent  benefactor. 
He  gave  money  to  build  the  library,  and  furnished 
it  with  many  books.  By  an  instrument  dated  20th 
May,  1425,  the  society  ordained  that  yearly  on  the 
vigil  of  S.  George  the  martyr,  all  the  scholars  of 
the  college  then  in  the  town,  should  meet  in  the 
church  of  All  Saints',  in  the  Old  Jewry  in  Cambridge, 
and  there  solemnly  celebrate  his  exequies  with  mass 
on  the  morrow. 

The  mayor,  bailiffs,  aldermen,  and  commonalty  of 
the  town  of  Cambridge,  on  8th  of  April,  1 1  Hen.  VI. 
[1433],  granted  to  the  master  and  scholars,  in  aug- 
mentation of  the  mansion  of  the  college,  a  certain 
parcel  of  a  common  lane  in  the  parish  of  All  Saints' 
in  the  Jewry,  near  King's  hall  or  college  on  the 
south  part,  and  the  tenement  formerly  of  the  prior 
and  convent  of  Chicksand,  and  the  tenement  formerly 
of  the  prior  of  the  chapel  of  S.  Edmund  of  Cambridge 
on  the  north  part,  and  extending  in  length  from  the 


206  TRINITY   COLLEGE. 

king's  way  leading  from  the  aforesaid  hall  or  college, 
against  the  college  of  S.  Michael  from  the  west  head 
unto  the  king's  way,  called  the  High  street  of  Cam- 
bridge towards  the  west,  paying  there  for  one  red 
rose  yearly  at  the  feast  of  the  nativity  of  S.  John  the 
Baptist.  On  the  10th  of  the  same  month,  the  master 
and  scholars  of  Michaelhouse,  granted  to  the  warden 
and  scholars  of  King's  hall  in  augmentation  of  their 
mansion,  a  certain  parcel  of  land  situate  on  the  south 
part  of  the  same  hall,  against  the  residue  of  the 
garden  of  Michaelhouse  pertaining  to  their  tenement, 
situate  in  the  north  part  of  S.  Michael's  lane,  near 
the  tenement  which  the  said  master  and  scholars 
had  then  lately  purchased  of  the  master  and  brethren 
of  the  hospital  of  S.  John  on  the  west  part,  and  the 
tenement  of  the  prior  of  S.  Edmund  on  the  east  part, 
containing  in  length  against  the  south,  from  the  land 
of  King's  hall  unto  the  residue  of  their  garden, 
sixty  feet,  and  in  breadth  thirty-seven  feet  from 
east  to  west. 

Henry  VI.  by  letters  patent  dated  2nd  of  May, 
in  the  eighteenth  year  of  his  reign  [1440],  granted 
to  the  master  and  scholars  the  advowson  of  the  church 
of  Chesterton  in  the  county  of  Cambridge. 

On  31st  of  May,  in  the  nineteenth  year  of  his  reign 
[1441],  Henry  VI.  pardoned  the  master  and  scholars 
the  transgression  committed  by  them  in  acquiring 
without  his  licence  a  piece  of  ground  contiguous  to 
their  hall,  entering  upon  it,  inclosing  it,  and  taking 
the  king's  aqueduct  there  to  their  use,  and  he  further 
granted  to  them  and  their  successors  for  ever  the  said 
piece  of  land  and  soil,  and  the  watercourse  aforesaid. 


TRINITY    COLLEGE.  207 

On  24th  of  January,  26  Hen.  VI.  [1446-7],  the 
king  commissioned  the  provosts  of  King's  college, 
and  Eton  college,  to  visit  this  hall.  The  two 
provosts  were  also  empowered  to  nominate  to  the 
wardenship  and  the  scholarships  of  this  hall.  On 
the  accession  of  king  Edw.  IV.  this  grant  was 
resumed  and  the  crown  thenceforth  continued  patron 
of  the  wardenship,  and  of  all  the  scholarships. 

Henry  VI.  by  letters  patent  dated  8th  of  May,  in 
the  twenty-seventh  year  of  his  reign  [1449],  granted 
to  the  warden  and  scholars  of  this  hall  an  acre  of 
land  in  Downefield  of  Hinton,  a  certain  messuage, 
with  its  apurtenances,  situate  and  lying  in  the 
parish  of  All  Saints'  in  the  Jewry  of  Cambridge, 
between  the  tenement  of  the  prior  of  the  chapel 
of  S.  Edmund  of  Cambridge  on  the  north  part, 
and  the  tenement  of  the  college  of  Corpus  Christi 
and  Blessed  Mary  on  the  south  part,  and  abutting 
at  the  east  head  upon  the  king's  way,  and  at  the  west 
head  upon  the  tenement  of  the  master  and  scholars 
of  the  house  of  S.  Michael,  which  messuage,  with 
its  appurtenances,  he  lately  had  of  the  gift  and 
grant  of  Richard  Pyghtesley(o)  of  Cambridge,  clerk, 
and  another  messuage  situate  in  Cambridge,  in  the 
aforesaid  parish  of  All  Saints',  between  the  messuage 
of  the  vicar  of  the  parish  church  of  All  Saints' 
aforesaid  on  the  one  part,  and  one  messuage  of 
Richard  Bussh  on  the  other  part,  and  abutting  at 
one  head  upon  the  king's  way,  and  at  the  other 
head  upon  the  tenement  late  in  the  tenure  of  Stephen 
Skynkyl,  which  messuage  he  lately  had  of  the  gift 

(a)  His  grant  to  the  king  was  dated  9th  May,  27  Henry  VI.  [1449]. 


208  TRINITY    COLLEGE. 

and  grant  of  Richard  Cawdray,  John  Garlond, 
Nicholas  Druet,  and  Richard  Pightesley  of  Cam- 
bridge, clerks,  as  by  their  charter  to  him  thereof 
made(0)  more  fully  would  appear.  Moreover  he  granted 
and  licence  gave  to  the  said  warden  and  scholars, 
that  they  and  their  successors  by  themselves,  or 
their  ministers,  might  dig  the  said  acre  of  land  in 
Downefield,  and  the  stone  or  rock  there  found  extract 
and  carry  away  to  their  use,  and  for  the  building  his 
hall  aforesaid. 

Edward  IV.  on  3rd  of  February,  in  the  first  year 
of  his  reign  [1461-2],  confirmed  and  amplified  the 
charters  of  this  house. 

Henry  VIII.  in  the  thirty-second  year  of  his  reign, 
granted  to  the  master  and  scholars  the  rectories  of 
Bottisham  and  Arlington,  in  the  county  of  Cambridge. 

In  or  soon  after  1534,  the  possessions  of  this  college 
were  valued  for  first-fruits  and  tenths  at  £211.  12s.  8J<£, 
and  Geoffrey  Blythe,  the  master  or  warden,  was 
charged  at  £8.  7s.  4^.,  thirty-one  fellows  at  £5.  4s.  Qd. 
each,  one  at  £4.  9s.  Qd.,  and  Edward  Cousyn,  the 
bible  clerk,  at  £2.  8s.  Qd. 

By  the  king's  injunctions  to  the  university  in 
1535,  this  college  was  required  to  found  and  continue 
two  daily  public  lectures,  the  one  of  greek,  the 
other  of  latin. 

From  the  survey  made  by  Matthew  Parker,  D.D., 
John  Redman,  D.D.,  and  William  Mey,  LL.D.,  in 
February,  1545-6,  it  appears  that  the  master  or 
warden  had  annually  £5.  6s.  8d.  for  stipend  and 
livery,  and  £3.  6s.  8d.  for  commons,  twenty-five 

(a)  Dated  20th  May,  27  Hen.  VI.  [1449]. 


• 


. 

<1    Cawdray,  rarlond, 

Richard   Pightesley  of   Cam- 
to  him 

i  appear.    Moreover  he  granted 
1  he  said  warden  and  scholars, 

>rs   by   themselves,    or 
said  acre   of  land  in 
or  rock  there  found  ex 
and  for  the  building  his 

•'f  February 
'firmed  an^ 

H.(  i  L  in  the  thirty-second  y< 

and  scholars  t 
n,  in  the  county  of  Cat 

In  tlic  possessions  of  this  col, 

i  ts  and  tenths  at  £2 


fellr 


and 
-five 


8 


H 

f-*  v 


TRINITY   COLLEGE.  211 

October  3rd,  Richard  Holme,  LL.B.  ;  1424,  July  6th, 
Eobert  Fitzhugh,  LL.D.  ;  1431,  July  2nd,  Richard 
Cawdrey;  1439,  Robert  Ayscough,  LL.D.;  1448, 
Richard  Scroope ;  1463,  December  12th,  Thomas 
Saint  Just,  MUS.D.  ;  1467,  September  30th,  John 
Gunthorp,  B.D.  ;  1475,  Roger  Rotheram ;  1477, 
October  2nd,  Henry  Bost,  B.D.  ;  1483,  Christopher 
Urswyke,  LL.D.  ;  1488,  April  24th,  John  Blythe,  LL.D.; 
1498,  February  llth,  Geoffrey  Blythe,  LL.D.;  1528, 
Geoffrey  Blythe,  LL.D.  ;  1542,  John  Redman,  D.D. 

The  eminent  men  of  King's  Hall,  (exclusively 
of  those  who  became  members  of  Trinity  college) 
were :  Thomas  de  Hetherset,  LL.D.,  master,  chancellor 
of  the  university,  and  archdeacon  of  Sudbury,  died 
1405.  Richard  de  Dereham,  D.D.,  master,  chancellor 
of  the  university,  dean  of  S.  Martin's  le  Grand,  and 
archdeacon  of  Norfolk,  died  1417.  Ralph  Selby,  LL.D., 
master,  archdeacon  of  Buckingham  and  Norfolk,  died 
1420.  John  Stone,  master,  secretary  to  Henry  V., 
and  dean  of  S.  Martin's  le  Grand,  died  about  1422. 
Richard  Holme,  master,  canon  of  York  and  Sarum, 
and  employed  on  several  embassies  to  Scotland,  died 
1424.  Robert  Fitzhugh,  master,  bishop  of  London, 
and  chancellor  of  the  university,  died  1435-6.  Robert 
Ayscough,  LL.D.,  master,  chancellor  of  the  university, 
and  archdeacon  of  Colchester  and  Dorset,  died  1448. 
Richard  Cawdrey,  master,  chancellor  of  the  university, 
dean  of  S.  Martin's  le  Grand,  archdeacon  of  Bedford, 
Lincoln,  and  Norwich,  and  ambassador  to  Rome,  died 
1458.  Thomas  Saint  Just,  MUS.D.,  master,  archdeacon 
of  Chester,  died  1467.  Richard  Scroope,  master, 
bishop  of  Carlisle,  and  chancellor  of  the  university, 

P2 


212  TRINITY   COLLEGE. 

died  1468.  Roger  Rotheram,  master,  archdeacon  of 
Leicester  and  Rochester,  died  1477.  John  Gunthorpe, 
master,  dean  of  Wells,  and  ambassador  to  Spain,  died 

1498.  John  Ely  the,  master,  bishop  of  Salisbury,  died 

1499.  Henry  Bost,  master,  provost  of  Eton  college, 
and  Queens'  college,  Oxford,  died  1502-3.    Sir  Robert 
Rede,  fellow,  chief-justice  of  the  common  pleas,  died 
1518-19.     Christopher  Urswyke,   LL.D.,  master,  dean 
of  Windsor,    and     ambassador    to    France,    Spain, 
Burgundy,    Scotland,  Sicily,    and  Rome,  died  1521. 
William  Rokeby,  fellow,  archbishop  of  Dublin,  and 
lord   chancellor    of   Ireland,     died    1521.     Geoffrey 
Blythe,     LL.D.,    master,     bishop     of    Lichfield    and 
Coventry,  died  1530.    Geoffrey  Blythe,  LL.D.,  master, 
archdeacon  of  Stafford,  died  1541-2.     Rowland  Lee, 
bishop    of    Lichfield    and    Coventry,    died    1542-3. 
William  Buckmaster,  D.D.,  fellow,  Margaret  professor 
of  divinity,  died  1545.     Cuthbert  Tunstal,  bishop  of 
Durham,  died  1559.     Griffin  Trygan,    LL.D.,   fellow, 
a  distinguished  civilian,  died  about  1562. 

Three  fellow-commoners  were  matriculated  in  May, 
1544,  but  no  subsequent  matriculations  of  members 
of  this  house  are  recorded. 

MICHAELHOUSE. — King  Edward  II.,  by  letters  patent 
dated  1st  June,  in  the  seventeenth  year  of  his  reign, 
[1324J,  to  the  honour  of  God,  and  in  augmentation  of 
divine  learning,  granted  and  licence  gave  to  his  beloved 
clerk  and  liege  Hervey  de  Stanton, (a)  that  he  might 

(a)  Hervey  de  Stanton,  son  of  Nicholas  de  Stanton,  was  a  native  of 
Stanton  in  Suffolk.  In  1301,  he  was  presented  by  the  bishop  of  Ely 
to  the  rectory  of  East  Dereham  in  Norfolk.  In  1302,  he  was  one  of  the 
justices  itinerant  in  the  county  of  Cornwall,  as  he  was  in  the  follow- 
ing year  in  the  county  of  Durham.  On  12  cal.  Feb.  1303-4,  being  then 


TKINITY    COLLEGE.  213 

institute  and  found  for  all  time  to  endure  in  a  certain 
messuage  with  the  appurtenances  in  Cambridge, 

only  an  acolite,  he  was  instituted  to  the  rectory  of  Warkton,  in  the 
county  of  Northampton.  In  the  parliament  held  at  Westminster,  in 
September,  1305,  he  was  one  of  those  who  were  appointed  to  receive 
and  answer  petitions  from  Ireland  and  Guernsey.  On  20th  April,  130f, 
he  was  constituted  one  of  the  justices  of  the  common  pleas.  In  the  following 
year  he  was  one  of  the  justices  assigned  to  take  the  assizes  in  ten 
different  counties.  On  the  accession  of  Edw.  II.  he  was  re-appointed  a 
justice  of  the  common  pleas,  being  summoned  1307-8  to  attend  the  coro- 
nation. In  1308,  he  was  in  a  commission  for  repair  of  the  sea  banks  in 
Norfolk,  as  he  was  in  the  following  year  in  a  like  commission  for  Suffolk. 
In  1311,  he  was  summoned  to  parliament  as  one  of  the  king's  council.  In 
6  Edw.  II.,  he  occurs  as  farmer  of  the  king's  manor  of  Soham  in  Cambridge- 
shire. In  1313,  he  and  Walter  bishop  of  Lichfield  and  Coventry,  were 
commissioned  to  view  the  banks  and  sewers  in  Marshland.  In  7  Edw.  II. 
he  and  the  other  justices  of  the  common  pleas,  as  executors  of  Henry 
de  Geldeford  (called  le  Mareschal),  clerk,  founded  a  chantry  in  the 
church  of  S.  Paul,  London.  In  1314,  he  was  one  of  the  justices 
itinerant  in  Kent.  On  28th  September  in  that  year,  he  became  one 
of  the  barons  of  the  exchequer.  In  1316,  he  was  instituted  to  the 
rectory  of  North  Creake  in  Norfolk.  On  22nd  June  in  that  year,  he 
was  constituted  chancellor  of  the  exchequer,  and  on  20th  October  follow- 
ing, was  admitted  prebendary  of  Flixcon  in  the  church  of  Lichfield.  He 
held  also,  but  at  what  particular  time  we  are  not  informed,  a  prebend  in  the 
church  of  Wells,  and  in  1319  obtained  the  prebend  of  Husthwait  in  the 
church  of  York.  In  14  Edw.  II.,  he  Mras  a  justice  itinerant  in  London- 
In  1323,  he  was  raised  to  the  dignity  of  chief-justice  of  the  king's  bench, 
which  office  he  resigned  21st  March,  1323-4,  being  five  days  afterwards 
reappointed  chancellor  of  the  exchequer,  which  office  he  held  till  18th  July, 
1326,  when  he  became  chief-justice  of  the  common-pleas.  He  was  lord  of 
the  manor  of  Peperharrow  in  Surrey,  and  patron  of  the  church  there, 
and  of  the  churches  of  Roxham,  Fordham  and  West  Riston  in  Norfolk, 
he  was  also  a  benefactor  to  the  abbey  of  Bury  S.  Edmunds,  and  the  hospital 
of  S.  Nicholas  there.  His  death  occurred  at  York,  on  or  shortly  after 
the  31st  October,  1327,  and  he  was  buried  with  much  state  in  the  church  of 
S.  Michael,  Cambridge.  His  will  bears  date  6th  August,  1327.  On  31st 
October  following,  he  gave  directions  for  the  completion  of  the  college  and 
for  his  interment  in  the  midst  of  the  choir  of  S.  Michael's  church  amongst 
his  scholars.  His  heir  was  sir  Alexander  de  Walsham,  knight,  the  son  of 
his  sister  Amice.  There  was  a  suit  in  the  Arches  court  by  Hervey  de  Stanton, 
rector  of  Elm  in  Cambridgeshire,  against  John  de  Illegh  and  John  Waryn. 
executors  of  Hervey  de  Stanton,  deceased,  and  sir  Alexander  de  Walsham, 
his  heir.  In  this  suit  objection  was  made  to  the  amount  expended  on  his 


214  TRINITY   COLLEGE. 

which  he  had  acquired  to  himself  in  fee,  a  certain 
house  of  scholars,  chaplains,  and  others  under  the 
name  of  the  house  of  scholars  of  S.  Michael  of 
Cambridge,  to  be  ruled  by  a  certain  master  of  the 
same  house,  according  to  the  ordinance  of  him,  the 
same  Hervey.  And  that  the  said  Hervey  might 
give  and  assign  the  messuage  aforesaid,  with  the 
appurtenances,  to  the  aforesaid  master  and  scholars : 
and  also  give  and  assign  to  them  the  advowson 
of  the  church  of  S.  Michael  of  Cambridge,  with  the 
appurtenances,  to  have  and  to  hold  to  them  and 
their  successors  for  ever,  so  that  they  might  appro- 
priate the  same  church,  and  hold  it  appropriated, 
in  aid  of  their  sustentation. 

Hervey  de  Stanton,  by  a  charter  dated  Thursday 
before  the  feast  of  S.  Michael,  1324,  18  Edw.  II.,(a) 
after  reciting  the  king's  licence,  and  a  licence  from 
John,  bishop  of  Ely(6)  the  diocesan,  with  the  consent 
of  his  chapter, (c)  founded  a  house  of  scholars  in 
veneration  of  the  holy  and  undivided  Trinity,  blessed 
Mary  (mother  of  our  Lord  Jesus  Christ)  ever  virgin, 
S.  Michael  the  archangel,  and  All  Saints  under  the 
name  of  the  house  of  scholars  of  S.  Michael.  He 
constituted  master  Walter  de  Buxton  priest  the 

funeral.  The  executors  replied,  that  it  was  according  to  the  laudable  and 
meritorious  custom  of  the  realm  touching  the  interment  of  magnates.  His 
arms  were  Vaire  argent  and  sable.  The  founder  of  Michaelhouse  has  been 
often  confounded  with  the  rector  of  Elm  of  the  same  name,  and  occasion- 
ally with  Hervey  Aunger  de  Stanton. 

(a)  Attested  by  Fule,  prior  of  Barnwell,  Robert  Dunning,  mayor  of 
Cambridge,  and  many  others. 

(6)  Dated  at  Glemsford,  prid.  kal.  Sept.  1324. 

(c)  The  consent  of  John  de  Crauden  prior  of  Ely  and  the  chapter  of 
that  church,  is  dated  1st  September,  1324. 


TRINITY    COLLEGE.  215 

master,  and  master  Robert  de  Mildenhall,  master 
Thomas  de  Kyningham,  and  Henry  de  Langham, 
priests,  Thomas  de  Trumpeshale,  and  Edmund  de 
Mildenhall,  priests,  and  Roger  de  Honynge,  sub- 
deacon,  scholars,  and  granted  and  assigned  to  the 
master  and  scholars,  and  their  successors,  a  place 
of  habitation  in  his  messuage  with  the  appurtenances 
situate  in  the  parish  of  S.  Michael,  in  the  street  called 
Milnestrete,  which  he  had  purchased  of  Master  Roger 
the  son  of  the  lord  Guy  Buttetourte(a)  for  ever.  He 
by  the  same  charter  made  ordinances  and  statutes 
for  the  government  of  the  college.  All  the  scholars 
were  to  be  priests,  or  at  least  in  holy  orders 
within  a  year  from  the  time  of  their  admission, 
and  the  chaplains  and  scholars  were  on  all  the 

(a)  On  Wednesday  next  after  the  Ascension,  22  Edw.  I.  [1291],  Robert 
Gernon  de  Boudon  and  Adam  de  Boudon  his  brother,  granted  to  Roger 
Buttetourte  and  Robert  his  brother  the  messuage  which  they  had  of  the 
feoffement  of  their  father  at  Henney  in  the  parish  of  S.  Michael,  between 
the  messuage  of  John  de  Wells  chaplain,  on  the  one  part,  and  the  king's 
way  on  the  other,  and  extending  from  the  king's  way  which  led  against 
Dame  Nichols'  hythe  in  length,  unto  the  river  of  the  lord  the  king. 

On  28th  May,  34  Edw.  I.  [1306],  the  king  gave  licence  to  Roger  and 
Robert  Boutetourt  to  take  in  the  lane  at  the  south  part  of  their  house. 

Roger,  son  of  the  noble  man  the  lord  Guy  Buttetourte,  by  a  charter 
dated  Itith  March,  17  Edw.  II.  [1323-4],  gave  and  granted  to  Hervey  de 
Stanton,  parson  of  the  church  of  Eastderham,  his  messuage  in  the  town  of 
Cambridge,  in  the  parish  of  S.  Michael  of  the  same  town,  with  the  build- 
ings, garden,  key  and  rents,  to  hold  to  him  his  heirs  and  as>igns  for  ever, 
of  the  chief  lords  of  that  fee  by  the  services  of  the  aforesaid  tenement  or  the 
appurtenances  thereof  due  and  accustomed.  On  the  same  day  he  acknow- 
ledged his  charter  in  the  king's  chancery  at  Westminster. 

On  the  morrow  of  the  Ascension,  17  Edw.  II.  [1324],  a  fine  was  levied 
in  the  common  pleas  at  Westminster,  between  Hervey  de  Stanton,  parson 
of  the  church  of  Eastderham,  plaintiff,  and  Master  Roger,  the  son  of  Guy 
de  Botetourte,  deforciant,  of  one  messuage  with  the  appurtenances  in 
Cambridge,  the  plaintiff  giving  to  the  deforciant  100  marks  of  silver  for 
his  concession. 


216  TRINITY   COLLEGE. 

greater  feasts  to  assemble  in  S.  Michael's  church, 
and  sing  at  matins  and  other  canonical  hours,  and 
to  celebrate  at  the  mass  of  the  day.  In  all  masses 
they  were  to  pray  for  the  health  of  the  lord  the  king, 
the  lady  Isabella  the  queen,  the  lord  Edward  the 
king's  first-born  son,  and  all  other  the  king's  children, 
the  bishop  of  Ely,  the  prior  and  convent  of  the 
same  place,  himself,  master  Roger  Buttetourte, 
Dora  de  Madingle,(a)  and  all  his  parents,  friends 
and  benefactors,  and  for  their  souls  when  they  should 
have  departed  this  life,  and  for  the  souls  of  all 
the  kings  of  England,  and  especially  for  the  souls 
of  the  lords  Ralph  de  Walpole,  and  Robert  de 
Oreford,  formerly  bishops  of  Ely,  John  de  Northwolde, 
formerly  abbat  of  S.  Edmund's,  John  de  Werwyck, 
Henry  de  Guldeford,  John  de  Vivon,  Adam  de 
Ikelingham,  Geoffrey  de  Kyngeston,  John  de  Ely, 
his  parents  and  benefactors,  and  all  the  faithful 
deceased. 

On  the  morrow  of  S.  Martin,  18  Edw.  II.,  [1324], 
a  fine  was  levied  in  the  common  pleas  at  Westminster, 


(a)  On  15th  September,  17  Edw.  II.  [1323],  Dera,  widow  of  Robert  de 
Maddingley,  burgess  of  Cambridge,  granted  to  Hervey  de  Stanton  a  mes- 
suage in  the  parish  of  S.  Michael,  having  on  the  south  side  a  tenement  of 
the  prior  of  Anglesey,  and  on  the  north  one  of  Adam  de  Trumpington, 
parson  of  the  church  of  S.  Michael,  abutting  east  on  the  High  street  leading 
from  the  bridge  to  S.  Mary's,  and  west  on  the  house  of  John  de  Cambridge, 
justice. 

On  the  morrow  of  the  Ascension,  17  Edw.  II.  [1324],  a  fine  was  levied 
in  the  common  pleas  at  Westminster,  between  Hervey  de  Stanton,  parson 
of  the  church  of  Eastderham,  plaintiff,  and  Dera,  who  was  the  wife  of 
Robert  de  Maddyngle,  deforciant,  of  one  messuage  with  the  appurtenances 
in  Cambridge,  and  the  advowson  of  the  church  of  S.  Michael  of  the  same 
town,  the  plaintiif  giving  to  the  deforciant  100  marks  of  silver  for  her 
concession. 


••.?l's   church, 
'1  other  canonical  hours,    and 

iay.     In  all  m. 
iic  health  of  the  lord  the  ! 

the  lord  Edv 

I  all  other  the  king's  children, 
i.'rior  and   con 

!•     Tfcog«     ,  'lit'1. 

i    all   his    |  f-nds 

.  and  for  their  soul  - 
tfe,  and  i<< 
•  -id,   and  espe. 
•talph    de    Walpo 

T  Ely,  John  de 
imd's.  John  d» 

.• 

JJcnry   de    Guldeford,    John   de  •    de 

Ikelingli  10  Kyi: 

ul    all 

» 


who  ww 

nriessuRt'*    » 

' 
riant  100  marks  ,r  her 


TRINITY   COLLEGE.  219 

and  Crishall  for  the  foundation  of  two  additional 
fellowships,  and  of  a  priest  to  celebrate  daily  in  the 
church  of  S.  Michael.  The  revenues  falling  short, 
a  papal  dispensation  was  obtained,  by  which  only 
the  fellowships  were  retained,  the  society  being 
bound  to  commemorate  their  benefactor  in  a  collect 
specially  added  to  the  mass  of  the  blessed  virgin. 

John  de  Illegh,  Thomas  de  Keningham,  and  John 
de  Trelmingham,  on  28th  September,  11  Edw.  III. 
[1337],  granted  to  the  master  and  scholars  a  house 
called  Crouched  hall,  in  the  parish  of  S.  Michael, 
between  the  messuage  of  Adam  de  Ayremine  arch- 
deacon of  Norwich  on  the  south,  and  the  lane 
leading  towards  Dame  Nichols'  hythe  on  the  north, 
one  head  abutting  on  the  king's  way  leading  to- 
wards the  said  lane.(a) 

In  June,  1346,  the  college  was,  on  the  applica- 
tion of  the  society,  visited  by  Richard  Lyng,  D.D. 
chancellor  of  the  university. 

Edward  III.,  on  24th  July,  in  the  twenty-second 
year  of  his  reign  [1348],  granted  to  the  master  and 

[1329],  granted  to  John  de  Illegh  and  Thomas  de  Trumpeshawe  two 
messuages  in  the  parish  of  S.  Michael,  the  scholars  of  Michaelhouse  against 
the  north,  and  the  tenement  of  John  de  Cambridge  called  Henneys  against 
the  south,  abutting  on  the  king's  way  against  the  east,  and  upon  the  stream 
of  water  against  the  west.  By  another  deed  of  that  date,  Galliena,  formerly 
wife  of  William  Ovyng  of  Barton,  released  her  dower  in  these  two  messuages, 
and  on  Friday  after  S.  Thomas  Apostle  in  the  same  year,  a  fine  of  the 
premises  was  levied  in  the  court  of  the  town  of  Cambridge,  between  John 
de  Illegh  and  Thomas  de  Trumpeshagh,  plaintiffs,  and  John  de  Kalveton 
and  Alicia  his  wife,  and  Geoffrey  Kussell  of  Barton  and  Agnes  his  wife 
deforciants. 

(a)  This  messuage  was  conveyed  to  the  above  grantors,  by  Christina 
daughter  of  Walter  de  Fulburne,  fisherman  of  Cambridge,  6th  of  May, 
10  Edw.  III.  [1336.] 


220  TRINITY   COLLEGE. 

scholars,  that  when  the  house  should  happen  to  be 
vacant  the  king's  escheators,  sheriffs,  or  bailiffs, 
should  not  interfere  with  the  manors  of  Barrington 
and  Ickleton,  but  in  the  beginning  of  the  vacancy 
should  take  one  simple  seizin  of  the  manors  in  the 
king's  name,  and  then  immediately  retire.  A  similar 
grant  was  made  by  the  same  monarch  on  15th  April, 
in  the  twenty-eighth  year  of  his  reign  [1354]. 

Joan,  widow  of  John  Refham,  burgess  of  Cam- 
bridge, by  her  will,  made  14th  of  June,  1349,  and 
proved  on  the  22nd  of  the  same  month,  constituted 
Ralph  de  Langley,  Thomas  de  Sutton,  John  de 
Clippesby,  and  Roger  de  Tyrrington,  scholars  of 
this  house,  her  executors,  to  whom  she  devised,  for 
the  use  of  this  house,  her  capital  messuage  in  the 
parish  of  S.  Michael,  and  a  tenement  in  Millstreet, 
in  the  parish  of  S.  John.(a  About  the  same  period 
Amicia,  widow  of  John  de  Denford  of  Cambridge, 
gave  to  the  college  a  messuage  with  four  shops  in 
the  parish  of  S.  Mary  [the  great]. 

Walter  de  Waney,  clerk,  in  1353  gave  an  acre 
of  land  and  the  advowson  of  the  church  of  Grun- 
disburgh,  in  Suffolk,  which  was  appropriated  to  the 
college. 

(a)  De  Langley,  De  Sutton,  and  De  Clippesby  in  pursuance  of  the  royal 
licence,  7th  December,  26  Edw.  III.  [1352],  on  3rd  February,  27  Edw.  III. 
[1352-3],  conveyed  to  the  college  two  messuages,  and  the  remainder  in 
another  messuage,  which  Amicia  widow  of  John  de  Denford  held  for  her 
life.  One  messuage  was  formerly  of  Robert  de  Elseflet,  archdeacon  of  Nor- 
wich, near  the  mansion  of  the  house  of  S.  Michael  on  the  north  part,  and 
extended  from  the  king's  way  towards  the  east  to  the  river  towards  the 
west.  Another  was  formerly  of  John  de  Denford,  near  the  cemetry  of  the 
church  of  S.  Michael,  and  another  was  of  John  Refham,  and  passed  to  the 
grantors  by  the  will  of  Joan  his  wife. 


TRINITY    COLLEGE.  221 

William  de  Gotham,  D.D.,  master,  gave  in  1365 
a  large  number  of  books,  £55  to  the  common 
chest,  and  a  house  sufficiently  large  for  three 
scholars.  He  also  gave  two  fair  vestments  with 
tunicles,  and  expended  £130  in  building  twelve 
chambers  and  a  kitchen.  In  1387,  he  by  his 
exertions  recovered  lands,  of  which  the  college  had 
been  dispossessed  by  some  powerful  persons. 

In  1374  Dame  Alice,  widow  of  Sir  Thomas  de 
Heselarton,  knight,  gave  to  the  college  the  manor 
of  Heselarton  in  Barrington,  and  lands  and  tene- 
ments in  Harston,  Hauxton,  Newton,  Babraham,  and 
Hinxton,  for  the  endowment  of  two  chaplains  serv- 
ing in  S.  Michael's  church,  and  another  who  was 
to  officiate  in  the  church  of  Barrington. 

In  1375  the  executors  of  sir  Robert  Thorpe  gave 
forty  marks  to  the  college. 

The  earliest  notice  of  the  practice  of  acting 
plays  in  the  colleges  here  occurs  in  an  accompt 
roll  of  Michaelhouse  for  1386,  wherein  are  charges 
for  an  embroidered  pall  or  cloak,  and  six  visors 
and  six  beards  for  the  comedy. 

The  college  ordinarily  used  S.  Michael's  church  as 
their  place  of  worship,  but  on  7th  March,  1392-3,  John 
Fordham,  bishop  of  Ely,  granted  a  licence  to  the 
master  and  fellows,  that  they  might,  during  his 
pleasure,  celebrate  divine  service  in  a  chapel  or 
other  honest  place  within  their  house,  and  there 
hear  divine  service  by  fit  chaplains  in  their  presence. 

Michael    de    Causton,(n)    D.D.,     who    died    1395, 

(a)  Some  call  him  master  of  this  college,  but  it  is  doubtful  whether  he 
held  the  office.  He  was  probably  president  or  vice-master. 


222  TRINITY   COLLEGE. 

gave  a  legacy  to  this  and  the  other  colleges  in  the 
university. 

Henry  Granby,  afterwards  master  of  the  college, 
and  John  Wesenham  one  of  the  bedels  of  the  uni- 
versity, on  30th  of  September,  20  Rich.  II.  [1396], 
granted  to  the  college  the  hostel  of  S.  Margaret, (o) 

(a)  On  12  cal.  May,  [20th  April,]  22  Edw.  III.  [1348],  Thomas  de 
Morley,  parson  of  the  church  of  Brakene,  granted  to  Adam  de  Wikemere, 
Edward  Blumle,  parson  of  the  church  of  Brom,  and  Walter  parson  of  the 
church  of  Little  Dunham,  a  messuage  in  the  parish  of  S.  Michael,  between 
the  messuage  of  the  canons  of  Sempringham  or  of  S.  Edmund  of  Cambridge 
towards  the  south,  and  the  messuage  which  was  of  William  de  Poplington 
on  the  north  part,  and  abutting  towards  the  east  upon  the  garden  which 
was  of  John  Coombe,  and  towards  the  west  upon  the  street  called  S.  Michael's 
street. 

On  13th  June,  28  Edw.  III.  [1354],  Adam  de  Wigmore,  rector  of  the 
church  of  Hokewold,  and  Edward  de  Blumle,  parson  of  the  church  of  Brom, 
granted  to  Richard  de  Betelee,  bedel  of  the  university  of  Cambridge,  a 
messuage  between  the  messuage  of  S.  Edmund  at  the  north,  and  the  mes- 
suage of  John  Poplington  at  the  south,  abutting  at  the  east  on  a  garden 
formerly  of  John  Refham. 

On  6lh  February,  1368,  Richard  de  Betelee  and  Juliana  his  wife  granted 
to  John  de  Burgh  the  said  messuage  described  as  abutting  towards  the 
south,  on  the  tenement  of  Geoffrey  de  Lenne. 

On  23rd  March,  1368,  John  de  Burgh  granted  the  said  messuage  to 
Henry  Granby  and  John  Wesenham. 

The  writ  of  ad  quod  damnum,  relative  to  the  grant  of  Granby  and 
Wesenham  to  this  college,  is  dated  8th  December,  15  Rich.  II.  [1391], 
and  an  inquisition  thereon  was  taken  at  Cambridge  on  4th  March,  15 
Rich.  II.,  [1391-2].  The  king's  licence  is  dated  26th  April,  15  Ric.  II. 
[1392],  Juliana  Bedell  was  commemorated  as  having  given  to  this  college 
S.  Margaret's  hostel  and  S.  Margaret's  schools,  and  Richard  Bedell  was 
one  whose  exequies  were  annually  celebrated  in  this  house. 

On  20th  June,  38  Hen.  VI.  [1460],  William  Ayscough,  master  of  the 
house  of  S.  Michael  and  the  fellows  of  the  same,  demised  to  Robert  Beighton, 
gent.,  a  messuage  called  Margaret's  hostel  in  the  parish  of  S.  Michael,  with 
a  garden,  &c.,  for  twelve  years  from  Michaelmas  then  next,  rendering 
yearly  13s.  4d.,  and  repairing  the  buildings. 

On  20th  March,  7  Edw.  IV.  [1466-7],  Edward  Story,  keeper  of  the 
house  of  S.  Michael  and  the  scholars  of  the  same,  granted  to  Master 
Thomas  Bolayn,  clerk,  keeper  of  the  college  or  hall  of  the  Annunciation  of 
the  Blessed  Mary,  commonly  called  Gonville  hall,  a  messuage  or  hostel 


TRINITY    COLLEGE.  223 

and  two  places  of  land  with  the  houses  and  schools 
thereupon  built,  whereof  they  had  one  of  the  feoff- 
ment  of  William  Gotham,  late  keeper  of  this  house. 

The  master  and  fellows,  in  1397  made  a  sup- 
plementary statute  requiring  the  master  on  his 
admission  to  take  an  oath  to  defend  the  goods, 
possessions,  and  rights  of  the  house,  and  to  apply 
the  rents  and  profits  to  the  sustentation  of  himself 
and  the  fellows.  It  was  also  provided  that  within  two 
months  of  his  admission  there  should  be  made  and 
deposited  in  the  common  chest,  an  inventory  of 
the  goods  of  the  house,  made  by  three  or  four  of 
the  fellows  assigned  for  the  purpose.  This  statute 
was  ratified  by  Eudo  la  Zouch,  LL.D.,  chancellor  of 
the  university,  at  S.  Mary's  church,  on  the  llth  of 
April;  in  that  year. 

This  college  was  visited  by  the  commissioners 
of  Thomas  Arundel,  archbishop  of  Canterbury,  19th 
of  September,  1401. 

William  Colville,  master  of  this  house,  who  died 
in  or  about  1410,  was  an  eminent  benefactor,  as  was 
Richard  Holme,  master  of  King's  hall,  who  died  1424. 

In  12  Hen.  IV.,  John  Poynton,  vicar  of  Barring- 
ton,  gave  a  tenement  in  the  parish  of  S.  John  the 

called  S.  Margaret's  hostel  then  enclosed  with  walls  in  the  parish  of 
S.  Michael,  between  Fisshewick  hostel  on  the  south  part  and  a  void  piece 
of  ground  pertaining  to  King's  hall  on  the  north  part,  one  head  abutting 
upon  their  tenement  called  the  Angel,  and  the  other  upon  the  king's  high- 
way towards  the  west,  which  messuage  William  Colville,  keeper  of  the  house 
of  S.  Michael  and  the  scholars  of  the  same  had  of  the  gift  of  Henry  Granby 
and  John  Wessenham,  bedel,  20  Ric.  II. 

It  seems  probable  that  when  Gonville  hall  obtained  a  grant  of  S.  Mar- 
garet's hostel,  it  was  added  to  Fisshewick's  hostel,  and  passed  to  Hen.  VJII. 
by  the  surrender  thereof. 


224 


TRINITY   COLLEGE. 


Baptist,     Cambridge,    and    John    Chaundler   a   rent 
of  7s.  per  annum. 

Sir  Robert  Turke,  knight,  about  1415  founded 
two  bible  clerkships.  Henry  Ghranby,  master,  in  1415 
gave  £20,  which  was  deposited  in  a  chest.  In  1418 
he  gave  a  messuage  at  Orwell,  a  rood  of  land  there 
and  the  advowson  of  the  church  of  that  parish. 

On  the  morrow  of  S.  Michael,  2  Hen.  VI.,  [1423], 
John  Warwyk,  mayor  of  the  town  of  Cambridge, 
Stephen  Neel,  William  Weggewode,  Roger  Kythe 
and  Thomas  Page,  bailiffs,  and  all  the  commonalty 
of  the  town,  granted  to  John  Oteryngham,  master, 
and  the  fellows  of  this  college,  that  they  might 
make  a  ditch  on  the  waste,  containing  in  length 
from  the  common  ditch  on  the  west  part  of  the 
garden  of  the  college  including  unto  the  high 
river  of  the  lord  the  king,  and  in  breadth  twelve  feet 
more  or  less,  by  which  ditch  they  might  carry  in 
and  out  firewood  and  other  things,  freely  and  lawfully 
for  one  hundred  years,  with  a  proviso  that  the  ditch 
might  be  common  to  all  the  burgesses ;  and  that 
the  master  and  fellows  would  pay  annually  to  the 
treasurers  of  the  town  for  the  term  aforesaid,  6d. 
The  master  and  fellows  covenanted  to  make  a  bridge, 
and  it  was  provided  that  the  nearest  part  of  the 
ditch  should  be  distant  from  the  nearest  part  of 
the  wall  of  the  King's  college  or  hall  eighty  feet. 

On  8th  of  May,  8  Hen.  VI.  [1430],  the  mayor, 
bailiffs,  and  burgesses  of  the  town  of  Cambridge, 
granted  to  the  master  and  scholars  of  this  college 
a  parcel  of  waste  land  of  the  same  town,  extend- 
ing in  length  from  the  soil  of  a  tenement  of  the 


TRINITY    COLLEGE.  225 

master  and  scholars,  called  the  Garyght  hostell, 
and  partly  from  the  soil  of  a  tenement  of  the  prior 
of  Anglesey,  called  the  Henne  abbey,  unto  the 
river  of  the  town,  extending  in  breadth  to  the 
east  end  from  the  common  ditch,  being  on  the 
north  part  of  the  garden  of  the  college  [hall]  of 
the  Holy  Trinity,  for  thirty  feet  on  the  waste  of 
the  town  towards  the  north,  and  on  the  west  end 
from  the  aforesaid  ditch,  twenty-four  feet  towards 
the  north,  saving  to  the  burgesses  the  right  of 
pasturage,  and  to  put  and  store  their  firewood  and 
the  profits  of  any  willows  there  planted :  to  hold 
for  a  thousand  years  at  the  rent  of  12d. 

John  Oteringham,  master,  who  died  in  or  about 
1433,  was  a  faithful  guardian  of  the  rights  of  the 
house,  and  did  good  service  by  compiling  a  collection 
of  documents  relating  thereto,  which  is  still  pre- 
served. He  also  gave  £60,  a  messuage  in  Cambridge, 
books,  gilt  plate  and  vestments.  His  exequies  were 
solemnly  celebrated  annually,  on  the  second  of  the 
ides  of  May,  with  mass  on  the  morrow,  or  within 
four  days  afterwards. 

In  or  shortly  before  1433,  the  master  and  fellows 
purchased  from  the  master  and  brethren  of  S.  John's 
hospital,  a  messuage  in  or  near  S.  Michael's  lane. 

Henry  VI.  in  1441,  exempted  this  college  from 
contributing  to  the  subsidies  of  the  clergy  for  the 
space  of  twenty  years,  and  empowered  the  master 
and  fellows  to  acquire  lands  to  the  value  of  £20 
per  annum. 

On  the  22nd  of  April,  in  the  21st  year  of  his  reign 
[1443],  he  granted  to  this  house  the  reversion  of  the 

VOL.  II.  Q 


226  TKINITY    COLLEGE. 

priory  of  Wenghale  in  Lincolnshire,  after  the  death 
of  sir  Thomas  Comberworth,  knight,  in  exchange 
for  certain  messuages  in  School  lane,  which  had 
been  granted  to  the  king  by  the  master  and  fellows 
for  the  site  of  King's  college.  The  same  monarch 
granted  to  this  college  part  of  the  garden  called 
Henabbey,  adjoining  the  college  garden,  abutting 
at  one  end  on  Milnestreet,  and  at  the  other  upon 
the  king's  ditch, (a)  and  on  the  19th  of  August,  in  the 
37th  year  of  his  reign  [1459],  he  granted  thirty- 
four  acres  of  land  in  Barrington. 

Robert  Sigo,  priest,  sometime  fellow  of  the  college, 
devised  an  estate  in  Mildenhall  for  founding  an 
additional  fellowship,  but  the  estate  being  insufficient, 
the  society  in  1  Rich.  III.  agreed  with  his  executors, 
with  the  consent  of  the  university,  that  two  addi- 
tional bible  clerkships  should  be  established. 

William  Skelton,  treasurer  of  the  church  of 
Lincoln,  who  died  in  1501,  gave  gilt  plate;  William 
Thompson,  D.D.,  dean  of  Auckland,  sometime  fellow, 
gave  a  suit  of  silk  vestments,  a  cope,  and  a  gilt 
chalice ;  John  Yotton,  D.D.,  master,  gave  200  books, 
twenty  marks,  and  a  gilt  monstrance  for  the  sacra- 
ment; and  John  Fisher  during  his  mastership 
expended  £110  on  buildings  and  repairs.  In  the 
mastership  of  his  successor  John  Fotehede,  the 
college  acquired  additional  lands  in  Cambridge, 
Foxton,  Harlton,  Hinton,  Mildenhall,  Grantchester, 
Stilton,  and  Foxworth. 

(a)  In  an  indenture  20th  of  November  24  Hen.  VI.,  [1445],  between 
John  Langton,  chancellor  of  the  university,  and  another,  and  Richard 
Wright,  mayor  of  the  town,  it  is  stated  that  the  said  chancellor  had  granted 
parcel  of  the  ground  called  Henabbey  to  the  master  of  Michaelhouse, 
"  for  the  enlarging  of  garit  hostel,  as  hit  is  now  staked  out." 


TRINITY    COLLEGE.  227 

Robert  Burton,  vicar  of  Ickleton  in  the  county 
of  Cambridge,  by  will  dated  1st  of  Sept.  1527,  gave 
to  the  college  for  reparations  of  the  same  place  all 
the  debts  owing  to  him  as  delivered  in  a  letter  with 
his  hand  written  to  William  Nicolson  the  president.(a) 

The  possessions  of  this  house  were  in  or  about  1534, 
valued  for  first-fruits  and  tenths  at  £124.  15s.  6d.  per 
annum. 

This  was  one  of  the  colleges  required  by  the 
king's  injunctions  issued  in  1535,  to  establish  public 
lectures  in  greek  and  latin. 

On  the  1st  of  August,  34  Hen.  VIII.  [1542],  the 
mayor,  bailiffs,  and  burgesses  of  the  town,  granted 
to  the  master  or  keeper,  fellows  and  scholars  of 
this  college  (in  exchange  for  two  acres  of  land  in 
Newnham  Crofts,  in  Grantchester)  one  void  ground 
or  garden,  commonly  called  Myllestones, (6)  in  Cam- 
bridge, lying  betwixt  the  ort  yard  of  the  college 
on  the  south,  and  the  common  lane  equal  with  the 
sestroll  pertaining  unto  the  King's  hall  cundyk  on 
the  north;  the  one  head  abutting  upon  a  piece  of 
the  common  of  the  town  called  Myllestones  hill 
towards  the  west,  and  the  garden  ground  pertain- 

(a)  Thomas  Masham,  vicar  of  Great  Bardfield,  Essex,  gave  two  silver 
salts,  and  £6.  8s.  4c?.  Robert  AValker  gave  £10.  Richard  Nelson,  fellow, 
and  John  Redford,  fellow,  each  gave  £6.  Rs.  4d. ;  Henry  Crosley,  gave  a 
hehrew  Bible;  William  Stubbes,  chaplain,  gave  £10;  Edward  Story, 
bishop  of  Chichester,  master,  gave  £40,  and  Moralium  Gregorii,  2  vols. ; 
Margaret  Carlisle  gave  gilt  plate,  and  two  books,  one  being  the  life  of 
Jesus  Christ.  Hugh  Neale,  Thomas  Bradelield,  Richard  Baston,  William 
Bolton,  Thomas  de  Castro  Bernardi,  Mathew  Chambers,  John  Church, 
fellow,  Robert  Cutler,  fellow,  Robert  Lewsay,  Richard  the  manciple  of 
the  college,  and  John  Wardell,  are  also  named  as  benefactors. 

(i)  The  college  took  Myllestones  on  lease  from  the  town  at  the  rent 
of  20d.  in  or  about  1435. 

Q2 


228  TRINITY    COLLEGE. 

ing  to  the  master  and  fellows,  then  lately  called 
Newmarket  hostel(a)  towards  the  east,  which  void 
ground  or  garden  contained  in  length  from  east  to 
west  six  perches,  and  in  breadth  from  north  to 
south  five  perches,  and  the  said  common  lane  was 
in  breadth  at  the  west  end  16  feet,  and  at  the  east 
end  of  the  said  void  ground  14  feet. 

In  1542  the  college  purchased  of  Henry  VIII.  for 
£200  the  manor  at  Barrington,  called  Berested, 
otherwise  Spalding's,  parcel  of  the  possessions  of  the 
late  monastery  of  Chatteris. 

From  the  survey  made  in  February,  1545-6, 
by  Matthew  Parker,  D.D.,  John  Redman,  D.D.,  and 
William  Mey,  LL.D.,  it  appears  that  the  college 
consisted  of  the  master,  who  had  for  stipend  and 
commons  £6.  135.  4c?.  per  annum ;  six  fellows  on 
the  original  foundation,  each  of  whose  stipend, 
commons,  and  emoluments  amounted  to  somewhat 
more  than  £7.  6s.  2d.  per  annum ;  two  fellows  on 
the  foundation  of  John  de  Illegh,  who  had  each 
£5  per  annum ;  three  chaplains  on  the  foundation 
of  lady  Alice  Heselarton  (one  of  whom  celebrated 
at  Barrington),  who  had  £5  per  annum  each ;  and 
four  Bible  clerks,  who  had  each  for  stipend  and 
livery  £2.  10s.  per  annum.  £6  per  annum  was 
paid  for  the  liveries  of  the  master  and  fellows. 
The  auditor's  fee  was  20s.  a  year,  and  the  follow- 

(a)  Newmarket  hostel  is  mentioned  in  the  records  of  the  court  of  pleas 
of  the  town  of  Cambridge  on  Tuesday  after  the  exaltation  of  the  Holy 
Cross,  11  Rich.  II.,  when  William  Copelond  sued  John  Hairoman  of 
Trumpington,  for  the  non-delivery  of  42  quarters  of  wheat  at  the  time 
agreed  upon,  whereby  the  plaintiff  disappointed  his  customers,  namely,  the 
hostels  of  S.  Nicholas,  Newmarket,  Crouched  and  S.  Catharine. 


TUINITY    COLLEGE.  229 

ing  sums  were  paid  annually  for  wages :  cook, 
£2.  65. ;  butler,  £2s.  6s.  ;  barber,  6s.  Sd. ;  laundress, 
85.  The  exequies  of  the  founder  and  benefactors 
amounted  to  £16.  12s.  Id.  a  year.  Communibus 
annis,  the  anniversary  feast  cost  £1.  13s.  ±d. ;  the 
extraordinary  expences  were  £6.  6s.  8^7. ;  and  the 
repairs  £20. 

The  college  estates  were  situate  at  Cambridge, 
Barrington,  Ickleton,  Hinxton,  Foxton,  Hasling- 
field,  Harlton,  Grantchester,  and  Orwell,  in  Cam- 
bridgeshire; Chesterford,  in  Essex;  Wenghale,  in 
Lincolnshire ;  Mildeiihall,  in  Suffolk ;  and  at  London. 

The  clear  annual  value  of  these  estates  was 
£141.  13s.  If d.,  and  the  yearly  expences  exceeded 
the  revenues  by  £2.  4s.  W^d. 

This  house  with  all  its  revenues  and  possessions 
was  on  the  26th  of  October,  38  Hen.  VIII.  [1546], 
surrendered  to  the  king  by  Francis  Mallet,  D.D., 
the  master  and  the  fellows  who  on  the  17th  of 
December  following  acknowledged  the  surrender  in 
his  majesty's  chancery  at  Westminster.  The  fol- 
lowing annual  pensions  were  granted :  Dr.  Mallet, 
master,  £20 ;  Henry  Stansby,  fellow,  £5 ;  William 
Thompson,  William  Bernardson,  Lawrence  Bowyer, 
Henry  Manne,  John  Aungel,  Thomas  Talke,  Simon 
Bagot,  and  Hugh  Rawlins,  fellows,  £2.  3s.  4J. 
each. 

The  masters  of  this  college  were :  1324,  Walter 
de  Buxton,  B.D.  ;  1328,  Robert  de  Mildenhall,  D.D.  ; 
1346,  Thomas  de  Kenningham ;  13...,  John  de 
Reepham;  1354,  Richard  de  Langley,  D.D.  ;  1359, 
William  de  Gotham,  D.D.  ;  1395,  William  Colville; 


230  TRINITY    COLLEGE. 

1410,  Henry  Granby;  1423,  John  Oteringham ; 
1433,  William  Ayscough;  1450,  Edward  Story; 
1477,  Richard  Smith;  1493,  John  Yotton,  D.D.  ; 
149..,  William  de  Melton,  D.D.  ;  1495,  John  Fisher, 
D.D.  ;  1505,  John  Fotehede,  B.D.  ;  1520,  Thomas 
Stackhouse,  D.D.  ;  1533,  Nicholas  Wilson,  D.D.  ;  1542, 
Sept.  4,  Francis  Mallet,  D.D. 

Amongst  the  eminent  members  of  this  college  we 
may  mention :  Robert  de  Mildenhall,  D.D.,  master, 
successively  of  this  college  and  of  Peterhouse,  chan- 
cellor of  the  university,  1334 ;  William  de  Gotham, 
master,  chancellor  of  the  university,  1366  and  1376  ; 
William  Colville,  master,  chancellor  of  the  university, 
1388,  1390,  1391,  1394 ;  Michael  de  Causton,  D.D., 
chancellor  of  the  university  and  dean  of  Chichester, 
died  1395  ;  John  de  Reepham,  master,  archdeacon 
of  Northumberland,  died  about  1405 ;  William 
Ayscough,  master,  bishop  of  Salisbury,  murdered 
1450 ;  William  Thompson,  D.D.,  fellow,  dean  of 
Auckland,  died  1511 ;  John  Yotton,  D.D.,  master, 
dean  of  Lichfield,  died  1512;  Henry  Horneby,  D.D., 
fellow,  dean  of  Wimborne,  master  of  Peterhouse,  and 
author  of  various  theological  treatises,  died  1517-18; 
Robert  Bekinsawe,  D.D.,  fellow,  dean  of  Stoke  by 
Clare,  and  president  of  Queens'  college,  died  1525-6  ; 
William  de  Melton,  D.D.,  master,  author  of  commen- 
taries on  scripture,  sermons,  and  other  works,  died 
1528 ;  John  Fisher,  master,  bishop  of  Rochester,  and 
chancellor  of  the  university,  executed  1535  ;  Nicholas 
Metcalfe,  D.D.,  archdeacon  of  Rochester  and  the 
first  master  of  S.  John's  college,  died  1537;  Nicholas 
Wilson,  D.D.,  master,  archdeacon  of  Oxford  and  dean 


TRINITY   COLLEGE.  231 

of  Wimborne,  a  learned  writer  against  the  divorce 
of  Henry  VIII.,  died  1548 ;  John  Aungel,  fellow, 
chaplain  to  queen  Mary,  and  a  learned  roman  catholic 
writer,  flourished  1557;  Francis  Mallet,  D.D.,  master, 
confessor  to  queen  Mary,  and  dean  of  Lincoln,  died 
1570;  Henry  Joliffe,  fellow,  dean  of  Bristol,  a  writer 
against  bishops  Ridley  and  Hooper,  died  1573-4. 
Thomas  Norton,  dramatist  and  politician,  died 
1583-4.  Some  of  the  eminent  members  of  Trinity 
college,  whom  we  shall  hereafter  mention,  were  of 
Michaelhouse  before  its  dissolution. 

Forty-eight  members  of  this  college  were  matri- 
culated between  May,  1544,  and  November,  1546, 
viz.,  fellow-commoners  (one  being  M.A.)  seven ; 
pensioners  twenty ;  sizars  eighteen ;  scholars  ser- 
vants three.  Of  the  whole  number  ten  were  of 
immature  age.  Twelve  of  these  matriculations  were 
after  the  date  of  the  surrender  to  the  king. 

THE  FOUNDER. — Henry,  the  second  son  of  king 
Henry  VII.  and  Elizabeth  of  York,  was  born  at 
Greenwich,  28th  of  June,  1491,  and  on  the  31st 
of  October,  1494,  was  created  duke  of  York. 
On  the  death  of  his  elder  brother  Arthur,  which 
occurred  2nd  of  April,  1502,  he  became  heir  to 
the  crown,  and  in  the  following  year  was  created 
prince  of  Wales  and  earl  of  Chester.  He  ascended 
the  throne  22nd  of  April,  1509,  died  at  West- 
minster, 28th  of  January,  1546-7,  and  was  buried  at 
Windsor,  16th  of  February  following.  The  history 
of  his  long  and  eventful  reign  is  well  known,  and 
an  unfavourable  judgment  has  long  been  passed  upon 
his  character.  We  shall  therefore  merely  advert 


232 


TRINITY    COLLEGE. 


STATUE    OF    HENRY    VIII.,    ON    THE    GRAND    ENTRANCE    TOWER. 


to  one  redeeming  point — his  learning  and  patronage 
of  literature. 

It  is  said  that  during  his  brother  Arthur's  life 
he  was  bred  to  the  church  with  a  view  to  his  becom- 
ing archbishop  of  Canterbury. 

He  was  author  of  the  following  amongst  other  works : 

1.  Assertio     septem     Sacramentorum     adversus     Martyn 
Lutherum,   edita    ab   invictissimo   Angliae,  &   Francise   Rege, 
&  Do.  Hybernise  Henrico  ejus  Nominis,  octavo,  Lond.  4to.  1521. 

2.  Literarum,    quibus     invictissimus     Princeps     Henricus 
octavus  efcc.,  respondit  ad  quandam  Epistolam  Martini  Lutheri 
ad  se  missam,  &  ipsius  Lutheranae  quoque  Epistolam  Exemplum, 
Lond.  1525,  1527. 

3.  An  Epistle  of  Henry  the  eighth,  supreme  Head  of  the 
Church   of  England,  to  the  Emperor,  to  all  Christen  Princes, 


232 


'int — hi  and  pi. 


.  the 
ices. 


TRINITY    COLLEGE.  235 

be  sent  to  Oxford  and  half  to  Cambridge,  and  every 
student  was  to  have  £10  a  year,  except  those 
from  Chester  and  Dunstable  who  were  to  have  but 
£6.  13s.  4J.  each  annually. 

In  1540  he  established  in  each  of  the  universities 
of  Oxford  and  Cambridge,  five  professorships  of 
divinity,  law,  physic,  hebrew,  and  greek. 

Although  honoured  as  the  founder  of  Christ 
church  Oxford,  the  merit  of  that  foundation  is 
really  due  to  cardinal  Wolsey. 

THE  FOUNDATION. — There  seems  good  reason  to 
believe,  that  the  establishment  of  this  college  origin- 
ated from  suggestions  of  Dr.  John  Redman,  one 
of  the  king's  chaplains,  the  last  master  of  King's 
hall,  and  the  first  master  of  this  college.  The 
foundation  was  determined  upon,  and  the  structure 
commenced  some  time  before  the  date  of  the  charter, 
for,  on  the  20th  of  May,  1546,  the  site  of  the 
dissolved  house  of  grey  friars  in  Cambridge,  was 
surveyed  by  Robert  Chester,  the  king's  surveyor, 
who  thus  records  the  result :  "  The  Church  and 
Cloysters  with  all  other  the  Houses  thereupon  bilded, 
bine  defaced  and  taken  towards  the  bilding  of  the 
King's  Majesties  New  College  in  Cambridge,  and 
therefore  valued  Nothing." 

Henry  VIII.  by  letters  patent  dated  the  19th  of 
December,  in  the  thirty-eighth  year  of  his  reign 
[1546],  to  the  glory  and  honour  of  Almighty  God, 
and  the  Holy  and  Undivided  Trinity,  for  the 
amplification  and  establishment  of  the  Christian 
and  true  religion,  the  extirpation  of  heresy  and 
false  opinion,  the  increase  and  continuance  of  divine 


236  TRINITY   COLLEGE. 

learning,  and  all  kinds  of  good  letters,  the  knowledge 
of  the  tongues,  the  education  of  youth  in  piety, 
virtue,  learning,  and  science,  the  relief  of  the  poor 
and  destitute,  the  prosperity  of  the  church  of  Christ, 
and  the  common  good  and  happiness  of  his  kingdom 
and  subjects,  founded  and  established  (on  the  soil, 
ground,  sites,  and  precincts  of  the  late  hall  and 
college,  commonly  called  the  King's  hall,  and  of 
a  certain  late  college  of  S.  Michael,  commonly  called 
Michaelhouse,  and  also  of  a  certain  house  and  hostel 
called  Fyswicke  or  Fysecke  hostel, {0)  and  of  another 
house  and  hostel,  commonly  called  Hovinge  Inn,(6) 
and  of  one  lane(c)  lying  and  being  between  the  said 
late  college  called  Mychell  house  on  the  one  part, 
and  the  said  house  or  hostel  called  Fyswycke  other- 
wise Fysycke  hostel  on  the  other  part,  and  leading 
towards  the  south  from  the  corners  of  the  same 
college  called  Michaelhouse,  and  of  the  hostel 
called  Fyswycke  otherwise  Fysicke  hostel  unto  the 
gate  of  the  aforesaid  late  college  called  the  King's 
hall,  and  thence  leading  towards  the  west  unto  the 
river  there  running  near  the  same  late  college  called 
the  King's  hall,  with  their  appurtenances,  situate 
and  being  in  the  town  and  in  the  university  of 
Cambridge)  a  college  of  literature,  the  sciences, 

(a)  Physwick  hostel,  which  had  belonged  to  Gonville  hall  (see  vol.  I. 
105,  106),  was  granted  to  Henry  VIII.  by  John  Sturmyn,  D.D.,  master,  and 
the  fellows  of  that  house,  29  Oct.  1546. 

(6)  Hovyngs  or  Ovings  inn,  in  the  parish  of  S.  Michael,  is  said  to  have 
received  its  name  from  John  Ovinge,  clerk,  who  bought  its  site  (then  a 
vacant  place)  of  the  prioress  and  convent  of  S.  Rhadegund  in  1316. 
See  pp.  218,  219. 

(c)  This  lane  was  called  Foul  lane,  and  is  said  to  have  been  granted 
to  the  king  by  the  mayor,  bailiffs,  and  burgesses  of  the  town  of  Cambridge. 


TRINITY    COLLEGE.  237 

philosophy,  good  arts,  and  sacred  theology,  for  all 
time  to  endure,  of  one  master  and  sixty  fellows  and 
scholars,  to  be  called:  "  Trynitie  College,  within 
the  Towne  and  Universitie  of  Cambridge,  of  Kynge 
Henry  the  Eights  Fundacion." 

Of  this  college  he  constituted  John  Redman,  D.D., 
his  chaplain,  the  first  master,  and  named  as  the 
first  fellows  and  scholars,  one  doctor  in  divinity, 
ten  bachelors  in  divinity,  and  forty-nine  masters, 
bachelors,  and  scholars  in  arts. 

He  willed  that  the  master,  fellows,  and  scholars 
should  be  governed  by  ordinances,  rules,  and  statutes 
by  him  thereafter  to  be  made ;  that  they  should 
be  a  body  corporate  to  plead  and  be  impleaded, 
and  to  acquire  and  dispose  of  lands ;  and  that  they 
should  have  a  common  seal ;  and  he  granted  that 
the  college  should  be  for  ever  united,  annexed,  and 
incorporated  with  the  university,  and  become  part, 
parcel,  and  member  thereof,  and  enjoy  all  privileges, 
immunities,  franchises,  and  liberties  granted  to  the 
university  by  him  or  his  progenitors. 

He  further  granted  to  the  master,  fellows,  and 
scholars  the  site  and  buildings  of  King's  hall, 
Michaelhouse,  Fyswicke  otherwise  Fhisicke  hostel, 
and  Hovyng's  inn,  and  the  said  lane,  as  also  all  the 
lead,  glass,  bells,  vessels,  jewels,  utensils,  goods, 
chattels,  and  implements  of  King's  hall  and  Michael- 
house  :  to  hold  of  him,  his  heirs,  and  successors  in 
pure  and  perpetual  alms. 

The  letters  patent  conclude  with  a  saving  of  the 
right  of  the  king  and  his  successors  to  nominate 
from  time  to  time,  as  vacancies  should  occur,  the 


238  TRINITY   COLLEGE. 

master  of   the   college   and    all    the    poor    persons 
therein  to  be  maintained  by  the  royal  bounty. 

On  the  24th  of  December  following,  by  what 
is  termed  the  charter  of  dotation,  he  granted  certain 
manors,  rectories,  advowsons,  and  lands  to  the  college. 
The  following  is  a  summary  of  the  value  of  these 
estates  as  set  forth  in  the  charter,  with  the  names 
of  the  former  proprietors : 

£.      s.       d. 

The  dissolved  college  of  King's  hall      .         .         .     85  12     7 
The  dissolved  college  of  Michaelhouse  .         .         .  144     3     1£ 
The  dissolved  priory  of  Chixsande  in  the  county  of 

Bedford 39  12     0 

The  dissolved  monastery  of  Caldwell  in  the  county 

of  Bedford 38     0     0 

The    dissolved   monastery    of    Elmestowe   in   the 

county  of  Bedford 66     0     0 

The  dissolved  priory  of  Newenham  in  the  county 

of  Bedford 66     7     8 

The  dissolved  house   of  friars   minors,  commonly 

called  grey  friars,  within   the  university  and 

town  of  Cambridge       .         .         .         .         .468 
The  dissolved  monastery  of  Beauchief  in  the  county 

of  Derby 26  13     4 

The  dissolved  monastery  of  Barkyng  in  the  county 

of  Essex 35     9     4 

The  dissolved  monastery  of  Ramsey  in  the  county 

of  Huntingdon 33     6     8 

The  dissolved  priory  of  Carthusians  in  the  isle  of 

Axholme  in  the  county  of  Lincoln          .  94     5     1^ 

The   dissolved  priory   of   nuns   of   Grymsbye    in 

the  county  of  Lincoln 16  11     2 

The  late  monastery  of  S.  Peter,  Westminster          .     37  16     8 
The  dissolved  priory  of   Halywell  in  the  county 

of  Middlesex 23  10     0 

The    dissolved    priory    or    hospital    of    S.    John 

Jerusalem  in  England 84     0     0 


TRINITY   COLLEGE.  239 

£.      a.       d. 

The  dissolved  priory  of  Newstead  in  the  county 

of  Nottingham       ......     40  13     1^ 

The  dissolved  priory  of  Thurgarton  in  the  county 

of  Nottingham       ......     48  15     1 

The  dissolved  priory  or  monastery  of  Blythe  in 

the  county  of  Nottingham     .         .         .         .     46  15     5£ 
The  dissolved  priory  of  Worsoppe  in  the  county 

of  Nottingham       ......     23  19     3^ 

The  dissolved  abbey  of  Welbeck  in  the  county 

of  Nottingham       ......     12  11     8 

The  dissolved  monastery  of  Shene  in  the  county 

of  Surrey      .......     40     0     0 

The  dissolved  monastery  of  Merton  in  the  county 

of  Surrey      .......     20    0     0 

The  dissolved  priory  of  Bremmer  in  the  county 

of  Southampton    ......     29  10     0 

Prebend  of  Massham    ......  207     2  10 

The   dissolved  monastery    of    S.   Oswald    in   the 

county  of  York     ......     30     9     4 

The   dissolved    monastery    of    Coverham    in    the 

archdeaconry   of    Richmond   in    the     county 

of  York         .......     50     0     0 

The  dissolved  priory  of    S.  Leonard  in  the  city 

of  York         .         ......     32     0     0 

The  dissolved  priory  of  Newburgh  in  the  county 

of  York         .         ......     31   18     6 

The  dissolved   monastery  of   S.   Mary,  near  the 

walls  of  the  city  of  York  .  .  .  .  82  10  4 
Purchased  by  the  king  of  Edward  earl  of  Derby  12  4  5 
Purchased  by  the  king  of  Thomas  lord  Audley  of 

Walden,  lord  high  chancellor  of  England  .  28  0  0 
Purchased  by  the  king  of  sir  Thomas  Darcy,  knight  12  0  0 
Purchased  by  the  king  of  sir  Edward  Aston,  knight  761 
Rent  reserved  on  the  king's  grant  of  the  manor  of 

Berngham  in  the  county  of  Suffolk         .         .     26  13     4 


£1678     3     9J 


240  TRINITY   COLLEGE. 

All  these  estates  were  to  be  held  of  the  king 
and  his  successors  in  pure  and  perpetual  alms,  the 
college  rendering  £19.  Is.  lid.  per  annum  for  certain 
tenths,  and  also  an  annual  rent  of  £19.  Is.  lO^J.,  in 
full  recompense  of  all  services,  rents,  tenths,  and 
first  fruits. 

The  king  moreover  granted  that  the  prebend  of 
Massham,  and  the  rectories  of  Shitlington  in  Bed- 
fordshire, and  Over  in  Cambridgeshire,  should  be 
appropriated  to  the  college,  whereto  he  also  granted 
a  fountain  head(a)  in  the  waste  or  common  of  the 
town  of  Cambridge,  with  the  subterranean  water- 
course therefrom  to  the  college,  in  like  manner  as 
the  master,  fellows,  and  scholars  of  King's  hall,(J) 
or  the  warden  and  convent  of  the  house  of  friars 
minors  had  enjoyed  the  same;  and  he  empowered 
the  college,  whenever  it  should  be  necessary,  to 
enter  on  all  intermediate  lands  to  view  or  repair 
the  leaden  pipes  conducting  the  water  from  such 
fountain  head  to  the  college. 

In  the  first  instance  the  members  of  the  college 
were  provided  for  by  payments  from  the  court  of 
augmentations,  for  in  January,  1546-7,  the  treasurer 
of  that  court  paid  Dr.  Redman  £590,  "towards 
the  Exhibition  of  the  King's  Scolers  in  Cambridge." 

Edward  VI.  gave  a  code  of  statutes  for  the 
government  of  the  college,  and  these  appear  to 
have  been  amended  by  the  visitors  of  the  university 
in  July,  1549. 

(a)  In   the   parish    of    S.  Giles  about  a  mile  from  the  town.     The 
conduit  in  the  midst  of  the  great  court  of  the  college  derives  a  copious 
supply  of  excellent  water  from  this  source. 

(b)  See  p.  206. 


240 


. 

minors  h 
the 


.  -  :.-. 

• 

•    i    i 
' 

:holars  of 
tvent  of  the  I, 
"  same;    and  I 
. 

' 


con 


The 

'•pious 


ilk. 


TRINITY    COLLEGE.  243 

Elizabeth,  by  the  Grace  of  God  of  Englande  Fraunce 
and  Irelande  Quene  Defender  of  the  Faythe,  &c.,  to  all  and 
singuler  our  Justices  of  Peax  Mayors  Shereffs  Baylyffs 
Constables,  and  all  other  our  Officers  Ministers  and  Subjectes 
to  whome  these  presentes  shall  come,  Greting.  Whereas, 
within  the  College  of  the  holye  Trinitie,  within  our  Universitie 
of  Camebrige,  of  the  Foundacion  of  our  most  Noble  Father, 
of  famouse  Memorie,  Kinge  Henry  th'  Eight,  there  was  a 
Chappie  and  Library  lately  begone  in  the  tyme  of  our  late 
dere  Sister  Quene  Marie,  which  remayneth  at  this  present 
unfynished,  We  therefore,  being  desirous  to  have  the  same 
perfitted  and  done  in  suche  Ordre  and  forme  as  by  the  Dis- 
crescion  of  the  Master  and  Felowes  of  the  said  College  shal 
be  thought  convenient,  to  whom  the  Charge  thereof  is  com- 
mytted,  and  for  the  better  furtheraunce  of  there  doings  therin, 
We  lett  youe  wyt,  that  We  have  auctorised  and  appoynted, 
and  by  these  presentes  do  gyve  full  Power  and  Auctoritie  to, 
our  welbeloved  George  Redman  Esquier,  Thomas  Barwike, 
Roger  Lee,  Richarde  Burton,  Oliver  Grene,  John  Bruster, 
Carpenter,  and  John  Bruster  his  Sonne,  Humfrey  Carter  Free- 
Mason,  and  Robert  Pers  Bricklayer,  and  to  every  of  them 
sufficient  Deputie  or  Deputies  of  them  and  every  of  them,  the 
Bearer  or  Bearers  hereof,  to  take  up  and  provide  in  all  places, 
aswell  within  the  Liberties  as  without,  for  the  onely  Use  of 
the  said  Chappie  and  Library,  all  manner  of  Tymbre  Bourde 
Planck  Waynscott  Lead  Iron-worke  Nayles  Glasse  Stone 
Bricke  Tile  Lyme  Sande  Lath,  and  all  other  Stufe  and 
Necessaires  mete  and  convenient  for  the  said  Workes.  And 
also  to  take  Masons  Carpenters  Joyners  Plumers  Bricklayers 
Tylers,  and  other  Workemen  and  Laborers  for  the  better 
Furtheraunce  of  the  said  Worke.  And  all  manner  of  Carnages 
by  Land  and  Water  for  reasonable  and  readye  Money  to 
be  payde  in  that  behalfe ;  Wherefore  We  wooll  and  coniaunde 
youe  and  every  of  youe,  by  these  Presentes,  to  be  aydyng 
helping  and  assisting  the  said  George  Redman,  Thomas 
Barwicke,  Roger  Lee,  Richard  Burton,  Oliver  Grene,  John 
Bruster  Carpenter,  John  Bruster  his  Sonne,  Humfrey  Carter 
and  Robert  Pers,  and  the  Deputie  and  Deputies  of  them  and 
every  of  them,  the  Bearor  or  Bearors  hereof,  in  the  due  Exe- 

R-2 


244  TRINITY    COLLEGE. 

cucion  hereof,  as  ye  and  every  of  you  tendre  our  Pleasure 
and  will  answere  to  the  contrary  at  your  Parills.  In  witnesse 
whereof,  &c.  Witnes  our  selfe  at  Westminster,  the  xiv  Daye 
of  Decembre. 

Per  ipsam  Reginatn. 

The  college  acquired  extraordinary  reputation 
during  the  mastership  (1567-77)  of  Dr.  John  Whitgift 
afterwards  archbishop  of  Canterbury. 

Dr.  Thomas  Neville  who  became  master  in  1593, 
effected  a  great  alteration  in  the  appearance  of  the 
college  by  forming  the  great  court, (a)  and  making 
other  improvements. 

In  March,  1612-13,  prince  Charles  and  his  brother- 
in-law  Frederick  prince  elector  palatine  of  the 
Rhine,  were  entertained  in  the  master's  lodge  of 
this  college.  On  the  night  of  the  3rd,  the  latin 
comedy  of  Adelphe  was  performed  before  them(i)  in 

(a)  The  state  of  the  college  buildings  previously  to  Dr.  Neville's  im- 
provements, appears  in  the  rude  bird's-eye  view  in  the  map  of  Cambridge, 
1574,  dedicated  to  archbishop  Parker,  and  found  in  some  copies  of  Dr. 
Caius's  History  of  the  University. 

(b)  We  have  before  alluded  to  the  celebrity  of  the  dramatic  perfor- 
mances at  this  college. 

The  tragedy  of  Roxana,  written  in  latin  by  William  Alabaster,  fellow, 
was  acted  at  this  college  in  1590,  and  about  the  same  time  was  performed 
here  the  latin  comedy  of  Pedantius  by  Anthony  Wingfield,  fellow. 

Two  comedies  and  a  tragedy  were  acted  here  at  the  bachelors'  com- 
mencement, 1594-5,  which  was  graced  with  the  presence  of  the  earls  of 
Shrewsbury,  Rutland,  and  Essex,  and  other  noblemen,  with  many  knights 
and  gentlemen.  The  master  and  seniors  had  previously  written  to  lord 
Burghley  to  borrow  certain  attire  for  the  tragedy  from  the  office  of  robes  in 
the  Tower.  In  this  letter  they  refer  to  a  similar  indulgence  having  been 
granted  them  upon  a  former  occasion. 

In  February,  1600-1,  an  attack  was  made  by  certain  scholars  of  this 
college  upon  the  fellows  and  scholars  of  S.  John's  who  came  here  to  see  the 
comedies.  A  complaint  was  made  by  the  latter  to  the  Vice-chancellor's  court. 
Sixty  witnesses  were  examined,  and  the  assault  was  clearly  proved  to  have 
been  premeditated,  but  the  result  of  the  proceedings  does  not  appear. 


TRINITY  COLLEGE.  245 

the  college  hall.  The  representation  occupied  seven 
hours  or  more.  The  prince  elector  slept  during 
the  greater  part  of  this  period.  Prince  Charles  was 
very  attentive,  but  on  their  return  to  Newmarket, 
both  princes  complained  of  the  immoderate  length 
and  stupidity  of  the  play.  On  the  night  of  the 
4th,  the  latin  pastoral  of  Scyros,  written  by  Samuel 
Brooke,  fellow,  afterwards  master,  was  performed. 

By  an  indenture  made  23rd  of  March,  1612-13, 
the  mayor  bailiffs  and  burgesses  of  the  town,  con- 
veyed to  the  college  a  parcel  of  pasture  and  meadow 
which  theretofore  did  lie  in  common  at  all  times  of 
the  year  in  Cambridge  west  field,  containing  by 
estimation  eight  acres,  lying  west  of  the  river  or 
high  stream,  between  a  causey  which  led  from  the 
bridge  called  Garret  hostel  bridge  unto  the  field 
on  one  side,  and  the  ground  appertaining  to  S.  John's 
college  on  the  other ;  also  one  other  parcel  of  pasture 
ground  lying  on  the  back  side  of  this  college  next 
the  same  towards  the  east,  and  adjoining  the  river 
towards  the  west,  and  which  theretofore  was  parcel 
of  a  common  green  called  Garret  hostel  green,  and 
was  then  lately  divided  with  a  great  ditch  from  the 
residue  of  that  green. (a)  The  college  paid  the  town 

A  latin  comedy,  called  Leander,  was  acted  here  at  the  bachelors'  com- 
mencement, 1602-3,  and  at  or  about  the  same  time,  the  latin  comedy  of 
Labyrinthus,  by  Walter  Hawkesworth,  fellow,  was  performed  in  this  college. 

(a)  A  treaty  for  the  acquisition  of  this  land  by  the  college,  was  pending 
as  early  as  1547,  and  was  renewed  on  several  subsequent  occasions. 

On  the  morrow  of  S.S.  Simon  and  Jude,  1578,  the  corporation  deputed 
the  mayor  and  others  to  commune  with  the  master  and  fellows  of  this 
college,  for  the  exchange  of  a  piece  of  common  ground  on  the  west  side  of 
the  river  at  Garret  hostel,  and  a  part  of  the  common  called  Garret  green  on 
the  east  side  of  the  river  at  the  back  of  the  college  for  the  site  of  the  Grey 
friars,  where  it  was  proposed  to  erect  a  hospital  for  the  poor  of  the  town. 


246  TRINITY   COLLEGE. 

£50,  and  also  granted  in  exchange  a  capital  mes- 
suage called  Michaelhouse  grange  in  the  parish  of 
S.  Andrew  the  Great  and  certain  lands  in  Cam- 
bridge.(fl) 

King  James  I.  and  Charles,  prince  of  Wales, 
during  their  visit  to  Cambridge,  7th  to  llth  March, 
1614-15,  lodged  at  this  college.  In  the  hall,  where 
it  is  said  above  two  thousand  spectators  were  con- 
veniently placed,  the  following  plays  were  performed : 
on  the  first  night  ^Emilia,  a  latin  comedy  by 
Thomas  Cecil,  fellow  of  S.  John's  college ;  on  the 
second,  the  famous  latin  comedy  of  Ignoramus,  by 
George  Ruggle,  fellow  of  Clare  hall,  but  sometime 
a  member  of  this  society ;  on  the  third,  the  english 
comedy  of  Albumazar,  by  Thomas  Tomkis,  a  fellow 
of  this  house;  on  the  fourth,  the  latin  pastoral  of 
Melanthe,  by  Samuel  Brooke,  fellow,  afterwards 
master  of  this  college. (6) 

On  Saturday  the  13th  of  May,  1615,  king  James  I. 
was  again  entertained  at  this  college.  The  comedy 

The  final  arrangement  was  made  by  James  Robson,  alderman,  on  the 
part  of  the  town,  and  Gregory  Milner,  fellow,  on  the  part  of  the  college. 

The  acquisition  of  this  land  by  Trinity  college  was  for  a  long  time 
opposed  by  the  master  and  fellows  of  S.  John's,  who  ultimately  gave  their 
consent  on  three  conditions :  1.  that  a  walk  sixteen  feet  broad  should  be 
reserved  to  S.  John's;  2.  that  an  annual  acknowledgement  should  be  paid 
by  Trinity  to  S.  John's ;  3.  that  S.  John's  college  should  have  liberty  to  take 
water  to  supply  a  conduit  which  they  intended  to  form  in  their  second 
court. 

(a)  Part  of  these  lands  constitute  the  common  now  called  Parker's  piece, 
so  designated  from  Edward  Parker,  the  cook  of  the  college,  who  16th  of 
Dec.  30  Eliz.  had  a  lease  of  the  greater  part  thereof,  as  also  of  Michaelhouse 
grange. 

(6)  A  fifth  play  Sicelides,  a  piscatory  by  Phineas  Fletcher,  fellow  of 
King's  college  was  also  prepared.  It  was  acted  at  the  author's  own  college 
on  the  evening  of  the  day  on  which  the  king  left  Cambridge. 


TRINITY    COLLEGE.  247 

of  Ignoramus  was  repeated  on  this  occasion  with 
great  applause.  It  began  about  eight  in  the  evening 
and  ended  about  one  in  the  morning.  On  Sunday 
the  14th  his  majesty  attended  morning  service  in  the 
college  chapel,  where  a  sermon  ad  clerum  was  preached 
by  Edward  Simpson,  B.D.,  one  of  the  fellows.  On 
Monday  the  15th,  a  divinity  act  was  celebrated 
before  his  majesty  in  the  college  chapel.  The  dis- 
putants were  William  Roberts,  B.D.,  fellow  of  this 
college ;  Edward  Bigland,  B.D.,  fellow  of  Queens' 
college ;  Thomas  Comber,  B.D.,  fellow  of  this  college 
and  afterwards  master,  and  William  Chappell,  B.D., 
fellow  of  Christ's  college,  afterwards  bishop  of  Cork. 
Thomas  Cecil,  B.D.,  fellow  of  S.  John's  college  was 
the  moderator. 

The  judges  of  assize  have  for  above  two  centuries 
lodged  in  this  college.  When  the  practice  first  com- 
menced we  know  not.  The  earliest  instance  which 
we  have  met  with  is  at  the  summer  assizes  1616, 
when  Mr.  baron  Altham  and  Mr.  justice  Dodderidge 
had  their  lodgings  here.(a) 

The  latin  comedy  of  Fraus  Honesta,  by  Edmund 
Stubbe,  B.A.,  fellow,  was  first  performed  in  this  col- 
lege in  1616. 

On   the   25th   of  February,    1622-3,   the   ambas- 

(a)  There  is  an  interesting  passage  in  lord  Clarendon's  life,  from  which 
it  appears  that  in  the  summer  of  1628  he  rode  the  circuit  with  his  uncle, 
sir  Nicholas  Hyde,  lord  chief  justice  of  the  king's  bench,  who  with  his 
colleague,  Mr.  justice  Harvey,  lodged  in  Trinity  college.  Young  Hyde, 
being  dangerously  ill,  and  apprehensions  of  the  small-pox  being  entertained, 
he  was  removed  from  the  college  to  the  Sun  inn  over  against  the  college 
gate,  where  he  was  put  under  the  care  of  John  Crane,  the  famous  apothe- 
cary, who  was  in  much  greater  practice  than  any  physician  in  the 
university. 


248  TRINITY   COLLEGE. 

sadors  of  Spain  and  Austria  were  entertained  at 
this  college  with  great  magnificence,  and  on  the 
12th  of  March  following  king  James  I.  again  came 
to  Cambridge  and  took  up  his  abode  in  this  col- 
lege, where,  after  dinner,  was  performed  in  his 
presence  the  latin  comedy  of  Loila,  by  John 
Hacket,  fellow,  afterwards  bishop  of  Lichfield  and 
Coventry.  The  hall  was  darkened  for  the  occasion, 
and  by  the  king's  order  the  play  was  abbreviated 
from  six  or  seven  hours  to  four  or  five. 

In  December,  1624,  king  James  I.  visited  Cam- 
bridge for  the  fourth  time,  and  again  took  up  his 
abode  in  this  college,  where  he  kept  his  court. 
His  son,  Charles  prince  of  Wales,  accompanied 
him,  and  on  the  12th  his  majesty  signed  here  a 
ratification  of  the  treaty  with  France  respecting  the 
marriage  of  the  prince  of  Wales  to  the  princess 
Henrietta  Maria.  During  his  visit  the  king  was 
confined  with  the  gout  in  his  hands  and  arms.  A 
letter  from  him  to  the  university  bears  date  at  his 
court  in  Trinity  college  in  Cambridge  on  the  17th 
of  December. 

The  duke  of  Buckingham,  chancellor  of  the  uni- 
versity, accompanied  by  bishop  Laud  and  many 
noblemen  and  gentlemen  of  distinction,  visited  the 
university  in  March,  1626-7,  when  he  was  enter- 
tained at  dinner  in  this  college. 

In  September,  1629,  the  french  ambassador,  the 
earl  of  Holland,  chancellor  of  the  university,  and 
his  brother  the  earl  of  Warwick,  were  entertained  at 
dinner  in  this  college,  where  the  comedy  of  Fraus 
Honesta  was  afterwards  performed  before  them. 


248  LLEGE. 

sado?  d   at 

•.front   -•  the 

<-ame 

his 
John 


king  J  ara- 


here  a 
the 

a   the   princess 
the   king  was 
and  armtf,      A 

ie  on  the  17th 


>f  the  uni- 
•d  the 


nd   ii 


!  raus 


TKINITY   COLLEGE.  251 

be  expended  upon  the  college  library,  either  for 
books  or  desks,  or  for  the  fabric  and  structure  of 
the  library." 

Charles  II.  on  his  visit  to  the  university  on  the 
4th  of  October,  1671,  dined  at  this  college,  the 
dinner  being  served  by  regent  masters  of  arts  in 
their  habits.  After  dinner  his  majesty  knighted 
Charles  Caesar,  esq.,  who  brought  up  the  first  dish. 
A  comedy  was  then  acted,  at  which  the  king  ex- 
pressed himself  well  pleased. 

In  1676  the  present  magnificent  library  of  the 
college  was  commenced  in  connection  with  the  com- 
pletion of  the  northern  and  southern  sides  of  Neville's 
court.  The  famous  Dr.  Isaac  Barrow  was  then 
master,  and  the  works  were  continued  in  the  time 
of  his  successors  Dr.  North  and  Dr.  Montagu. 

Charles  II.  again  visited  this  college  on  the  27th  of 
October,  1681,  being  accompanied  by  the  queen.  Their 
majesties  went  to  view  the  library  then  in  course 
of  erection.  In  Neville's  court  an  address  to  the 
queen  in  english  verse,  was  spoken  by  Richard  Duke, 
B.A.,  one  of  the  fellows. 

King  William  III.  visited  the  university  on  the 
30th  of  September,  1689.  In  the  first  court  of  this 
college  a  congratulatory  speech  was  made  to  him 
by  Dr.  Montagu  the  master,  and  in  Neville's  court 
another  speech  was  made  by  William  Norres,  esq., 
M.A.,  one  of  the  fellows.  In  the  library,  then  nearly 
completed,  he  was  presented  with  english  verses. 
His  majesty  dined  in  the  hall  at  the  charge  of 
the  university.  Prince  George  of  Denmark,  the 
Spanish  and  dutch  ambassadors,  and  other  foreign 


252  TRINITY   COLLEGE. 

ministers,    and   a    great    number    of    noblemen   and 
gentlemen  also  partook  of  the  entertainment. 

Queen  Anne  visited  this  college  when  she  came  to 
Cambridge  on  the  16th  of  April,  1705.  Dr.  Bentley, 
the  master,  received  her  with  a  speech,  and  her 
majesty  conferred  the  honour  of  knighthood  on  the 
illustrious  Newton.  She  subsequently  dined  in  the 
hall  at  the  expence  of  the  university,  and  after  dinner 
viewed  the  college  library. 

George  I.  on  visiting  Cambridge  on  the  6th  of 
October,  1717,  was  received  at  this  college  by 
Dr.  Bentley,  the  master, (a)  visited  the  library,  and 
dined  at  the  master's  lodge  with  a  select  company 
of  ten  noblemen,  the  duke  of  Somerset,  chancellor 
of  the  university,  with  the  royal  retinue  being  at 
the  same  time  entertained  in  the  college  hall. 

George  II.  was  entertained  at  dinner  in  the  hall 
on  the  24th  of  April,  1728.  A  throne  with  six  steps 
was  erected  at  one  end,  and  the  king  was  waited  upon 
by  twelve  of  the  fellow-commoners.  At  the  sides  of 
the  hall  were  scaffolds  for  the  ladies,  and  in  the 
middle  tables  for  the  nobility,  gentry,  and  doctors. 
There  were  above  eight  hundred  dishes.  Whilst  at 
dinner  Dr.  Bentley,  the  master,  stood  on  his  majesty's 
right  hand,  and  discoursed  with  him  very  freely. 

(a)  The  king  came  here  from  King's  college,  but  a  distressing  mistake 
occurred.  Mr.  Grigg  the  vice-chancellor,  anxious  that  his  majesty  should 
see  his  own  college  of  Clare  hall,  led  him  by  that  house  to  the  Queen's 
gate  of  Trinity.  No  intimation  had  been  given  of  Grigg's  design,  and  his 
majesty's  arrival  being  of  course  expected  at  the  King's  gate,  the  master 
and  the  college  were  drawn  up  there.  The  Queen's  gate  had  been  closed 
to  prevent  the  irruption  of  the  populace,  and  some  time  elapsed  before  the 
king  could  get  admission ,  standing  meanwhile  in  the  lane,  which  is  described 
to  have  been  at  that  time  "  a  most  dirty  filthy  place." 


TRINITY   COLLEGE.  253 

On  the  27th  of  April,  1734,  Dr.  Thomas  Greene, 
bishop  of  Ely,  as  visitor  in  that  behalf,  convicted 
Dr.  Richard  Bentley,  master  of  this  college,  of 
having  dilapidated  the  goods  of  the  college,  and 
violated  its  statutes,  and  accordingly  adjudged  that 
he  should  be  deprived  of  his  office.  We  subjoin 
a  succinct  narrative  of  the  extraordinary  proceedings 
against  Dr.  Bentley,  which  were  continued  in  an 
infinite  variety  of  forms  for  above  twenty-eight  years. 

On  the  6th  of  February,  1709-10,  thirty  of  the 
fellows  presented  a  petition  against  Dr.  Bentley, 
the  master,  to  Dr.  Moore,  then  bishop  of  Ely.  On 
the  llth  of  July,  1710,  thirty-seven  of  the  fellows 
presented  to  bishop  Moore,  fifty-four  articles  against 
Dr.  Bentley.  In  August  the  bishop  sent  Dr.  Bentley 
a  copy  of  these  articles,  and  on  the  21st  of  November, 
peremptorily  required  his  answer  by  the  18th  of 
December.  Before  that  day  Dr.  Bentley  presented 
a  petition  to  the  queen,  representing  that  her  majesty 
was  the  real  visitor  of  the  college,  and  that  the 
bishop  of  Ely  in  assuming  the  visitatorial  style  and 
functions,  was  invading  the  rights  of  the  crown. 
Secretary  St.  John  wrote  to  the  attorney  and  solicitor- 
general,  to  report  their  opinion  thereon  with  all 
convenient  speed,  and  the  attorney-general  was 
directed  to  signify  to  the  bishop,  that  the  queen 
had  taken  the  affair  into  her  own  cognizance,  and 
enjoin  his  lordship  to  stay  all  further  proceedings 
till  her  majesty's  pleasure  were  known.  The  bishop 
in  his  reply  submitted  to  her  majesty's  pleasure. 

On  the  29th  of  May,  1711,  the  attorney  and 
solicitor-general  reported  that  the  master  of  the 


254  TRINITY    COLLEGE. 

college  was  subject  to  the  bishop's  jurisdiction, 
adding  that  if  the  queen  or  Dr.  Bentley  thought 
fit  to  contest  this  opinion,  the  matter  might  be 
judicially  determined  on  a  motion  for  a  prohibition. 
On  the  12th  of  July,  Dr.  Bentley  wrote  to  the  earl 
of  Oxford,  lord  treasurer,  who  thereupon  directed 
the  opinion  of  the  attorney  and  solicitor-general  to 
be  submitted  to  the  crown  lawyers,  with  certain 
questions  as  to  the  legality  of  the  queen  taking 
the  whole  visitation  of  the  college  into  her  own 
hands.  Meantime  the  bishop  was  directed  to  stay 
all  proceedings.  The  crown  lawyers  on  the  9th  of 
January,  1711-12,  reported  that  they  deemed  the 
queen  to  be  general  visitor  of  the  college,  but  that 
the  bishop  of  Ely  had  power  to  decide  upon  the 
charges  against  the  master.  They  added  that  it 
was  in  her  majesty's  power  to  alter  the  visitatorial 
authority,  provided  such  alteration  met  with  the 
acceptance  of  the  college.  It  must  be  observed, 
however,  that  sir  Joseph  Jekyll  thought  that  the 
bishop  was  general  visitor. 

The  fellows  in  Easter  term,  1713,  obtained  from 
the  court  of  queen's  bench,  a  rule,  whereby  the 
bishop  was  called  upon  to  shew  cause  why  a  man- 
damus should  not  issue  to  compel  him  to  proceed 
on  the  articles  against  Dr.  Bentley.  On  the  18th 
of  April,  the  secretary  of  state  wrote  to  the  bishop, 
giving  him  the  queen's  permission  to  proceed  in 
the  cause,  as  far  as  by  law  he  was  empowered. 
The  petition  and  articles  being  again  subscribed 
by  the  fellows,  Dr.  Bentley,  on  the  13th  of  June, 
sent  his  answer  to  the  articles.  The  fellows  replied, 


TRINITY    COLLEGE.  255 

Dr.  Bentley  rejoined,  the  fellows  sur-rejoined,  and 
depositions  in  support  of  the  charge  were  pre- 
pared. 

The  trial  before  the  bishop  commenced  at  Ely 
house  in  Holborn,  in  May,  1714.  It  continued  six 
weeks,  and  the  bishop  was,  it  is  said,  about  to  pro- 
nounce sentence  of  deprivation  when  he  caught  a 
cold,  from  which  illness  ensued,  which  terminated 
fatally  on  the  31st  of  July. 

Dr.  Fleetwood  succeeded  to  the  see  of  Ely,  and 
Serjeant  Miller  in  the  name  and  on  behalf  of  many 
of  the  fellows  presented  to  him  fresh  articles  against 
Dr.  Bentley,  but  the  bishop  declined  taking  cogni- 
zance of  the  accusation. 

On  the  16th  of  May,  1716,  seventeen  of  the 
fellows  petitioned  the  king  to  ascertain  the  visitatorial 
power,  either  by  a  new  grant  or  confirmation  of  it 
to  the  bishop  of  Ely,  or  by  authorizing  such  persons 
to  execute  the  same  as  to  his  majesty  should  seem 
fit.  On  the  26th  of  October  this  petition  was  read 
in  council,  and  referred  to  the  attorney-general. 

On  the  26th  of  May,  1719,  the  petition  was 
referred  by  the  lords  justices  to  a  committee  of 
the  privy  council.  Pending  this  reference  bishop 
Fleetwood  refused  to  act  as  visitor. 

Dr.  Greene,  who  succeeded  Dr.  Fleetwood  in  the 
see  of  Ely,  having  consented  to  act  as  visitor,  the 
fellows  were  preparing  fresh  articles  against  Dr. 
Bentley,  when,  on  the  10th  of  August,  1728,  he 
procured  the  college  seal  to  be  affixed  to  a  petition 
to  the  king,  praying  his  majesty  would  determine 
the  disputes  in  the  society.  The  prosecutors  drew 


256  TRINITY    COLLEGE. 

up  counter-petitions,  and  on  the  6th  of  November 
the  bishop  petitioned  that  he  might  be  heard  in 
behalf  of  the  rights  of  his  see.  A  committee  of  the 
privy  council  was  appointed  to  consider  the  merits 
of  the  case.  The  committee  after  hearing  all  parties 
by  counsel,  decided  in  March,  1728-9,  that  they  could 
not  advise  his  majesty  to  interfere,  and  that  the  bishop 
was  at  liberty  to  proceed  as  he  thought  proper. 

Robert  Johnson,  B.D.,  one  of  the  fellows  in  1729, 
presented  to  bishop  Greene  articles  against  Dr. 
Bentley,  and  on  the  1st  of  April,  the  bishop  cited 
the  master  to  appear  and  answer  at  Ely  house  on 
the  5th. -of  May.  On  the  3rd  of  May,  Dr.  Bentley 
applied  to  the  king's  bench  for  a  prohibition ;  a  rule 
nisi  was  granted  on  the  7th,  but  on  cause  being 
shown  the  rule  was  discharged.  On  the  2nd  of  June 
Dr.  Bentley  appeared  at  Ely  house,  and  excepted 
to  the  articles.  These  exceptions  were  heard  on  the 
9th,  and  overruled  by  the  bishop  who,  however, 
directed  some  alterations  to  be  made  in  the  articles, 
and  appointed  a  day  for  the  promoter  to  present 
them  in  a  corrected  form.  On  the  21st  of  June, 
Dr.  Bentley  again  applied  to  the  king's  bench  for 
a  prohibition.  A  rule  nisi  was  granted  and  made 
absolute  on  the  10th  of  November. 

In  Michaelmas  term,  1730,  the  pleadings  in  the 
action  of  prohibition  were  argued  in  the  king's  bench, 
but  the  decision  was  postponed  till  Trinity  Term, 
1731,  when  the  court  decided  upon  continuing  the 
prohibition  on  the  ground  of  an  inaccurate  descrip- 
tion of  the  bishop's  visitatorial  power.  After  this 
decision,  fresh  articles  were  prepared  against  Dr. 


VIEW  KKllM  THE  S.E  ANGLE    OK  TIIE   CT.OISTERS. 


TRINITY    COLLEGE.  257 

Bentley,  who  petitioned  the  king  to  command  the 
attorney-general  to  issue  a  fiat  prohibiting  the 
bishop's  visitation.  This  petition  was  referred  to 
the  attorney  and  solicitor-general,  who  after  argu- 
ment, decided  on  the  4th  of  August,  that  the  fiat 
prayed  for  by  Dr.  Bentley  would  be  illegal  and 
unprecedented.  Subsequently  a  writ  of  error  against 
the  decision  of  the  king's  bench,  was  brought  in 
the  house  of  lords,  who  on  the  15th  of  February, 
1732-3,  reversed  the  decision  of  the  king's  bench, 
as  to  twenty  of  the  sixty-four  articles,  condemning 
the  bishop  as  plaintiff  in  error  in  £100  costs. 

On  the  31st  of  May,  1733,  the  writ  of  consultation 
was  sent  to  the  bishop,  who  cited  Dr.  Bentley  to 
appear  at  Ely  house,  on  the  13th  of  June,  as  he 
accordingly  did  by  his  proctor  who  put  in  a  negative 
plea.  Witnesses  were  subsequently  examined  both 
for  the  prosecution  and  defence,  and  after  many 
hearings  before  the  bishop  and  his  assessors,  the 
result  was  the  before  mentioned  sentence  of  depri- 
vation. 

As  soon  as  the  bishop  had  pronounced  this  sen- 
tence, he  transmitted  one  copy  to  Dr.  Bentley, 
ordered  another  to  be  affixed  to  the  college  gates, 
and  sent  a  third  to  Dr.  John  Hacket,  the  vice- 
master,  with  a  mandate  requiring  him  to  execute  it. 
Dr.  Hacket  returned  for  answer  that  he  would  take 
legal  advice  for  his  conduct.  On  the  17th  of  May, 
Dr.  Hacket  resigned  the  office  of  vicemaster,  to 
which  Dr.  Richard  Walker,  a  devoted  adherent  of 
Dr.  Bentley,  was  appointed.  Dr.  Walker  of  course 
took  no  steps  for  the  deprivation  of  his  friend. 
VOL.  n.  s 


258  TRINITY    COLLEGE. 

In  January,  1734-5,  the  bishop  sent  his  mandate 
to  Dr.  Walker,  requiring  him  immediately  to  deprive 
the  master  agreeably  to  his  sentence.  To  this  no 
attention  was  paid.  In  Trinity  term,  1735,  a  motion 
was  made  in  the  king's  bench,  for  a  mandamus  to 
compel  the  vicemaster  to  give  effect  to  the  bishop's 
sentence.  The  court  granted  a  writ,  to  which  in 
Michaelmas  term,  Dr.  Walker  made  a  special  return, 
which  being  argued,  the  court  quashed  the  writ.  A 
rule  was  then  obtained  for  a  mandamus  requiring 
the  bishop  as  general  visitor  to  do  his  duty  in 
compelling  the  vicemaster  to  the  execution  of  his 
sentence.  This  rule  was  discharged  on  the  22nd  of 
April,  1738,  and  the  death  of  bishop  Greene,  which 
occurred  on  the  18th  of  May  in  the  same  year,  put 
an  end  to  the  affair,  Dr.  Bentley  dying  in  the 
undisturbed  possession  of  the  mastership,  on  the 
14th  of  July,  1742.  Notwithstanding  his  violent, 
arbitrary,  and  capricious  conduct,  he  improved  the 
buildings  and  walks,  restored  the  discipline  of  the 
college,  and  much  enhanced  its  literary  reputation. (a) 

His  highness  William  Frederick   duke   of  Glou- 
cester, on  his  installation  as  chancellor  of  the  university, 


(a)  The  Life  of  Dr.  Bentley,  by  James  Henry  Monk,  D.D.,  late  bishop  of 
Gloucester  and  Bristol,  sometime  fellow  of  this  college,  is  a  work  of  high 
repute,  and  contains  a  full  account  of  all  the  proceedings  connected  with  the 
charges  against  Dr.  Bentley.  In  the  first,  or  4to.  edition,  are  some 
documents  which  were  omitted  in  the  second,  or  8vo.  edition.  Some  addi- 
tional light  has  been  thrown  upon  the  conduct  of  Dr.  Bentley,  and  his 
contemporaries,  by  the  publication  of  the  Diary  of  Edward  Rud,  D.D.  To 
this  work,  edited  for  the  Cambridge  Antiquarian  Society,  by  the  rev. 
H.  R.  Luard,  M.A.,  fellow  and  tutor  of  this  college,  (Camb.  8vo.  I860,) 
are  subjoined  some  letters  of  Dr.  Bentley  and  his  wife,  which  had  not 
previously  been  published. 


TRINITY    COLLEGE.  259 

on  the  29th  of  June,  1811,  gave  a  sumptuous  dinner 
to  nearly  one  thousand  persons  in  the  cloisters  of 
Neville's  court,  a  temporary  awning  being  erected 
on  the  eastern  side.  In  the  evening  he  gave 
a  collation  in  the  cloisters,  the  company,  which 
exceeded  three  thousand,  being  entertained  with  a 
brilliant  display  of  fireworks.  On  the  1st  of  July 
he  held  a  levee  in  the  master's  lodge.  In  the  evening 
a  grand  dinner  was  given  in  the  hall,  by  the  master 
and  fellows.  On  the  3rd  of  July,  Mr.  Sadler  ascen- 
ded in  an  air  balloon  from  the  great  court,  and  a 
public  breakfast  was  given  in  the  cloisters,  to  fifteen 
hundred  ladies  and  gentlemen. 

His  royal  highness  the  duke  of  Gloucester,  chan- 
cellor of  the  university,  visiting  Cambridge  at  the 
commencement  1819,  was  entertained  by  this  society 
with  great  magnificence  in  the  hall  on  the  5th  of 
July.  On  the  following  day  a  public  breakfast 
was  given  in  the  cloisters,  upwards  of  one  thousand 
persons  being  present. 

On  the  12th  of  August,  1823,  (being  the  birth- 
day of  George  IV.)  the  first  stone  of  a  new  court 
was  laid  by  the  right  honourable  Charles  Manners 
Sutton,  speaker  of  the  house  of  commons,  (deputed  by 
the  king  to  represent  him  on  the  occasion)  attended 
by  the  vice-chancellor,  high  steward,  noblemen,  heads 
of  houses,  doctors,  professors,  proctors,  and  other 
officers  and  members  of  the  university  who  came 
in  procession  from  the  senate-house,  as  also  by  the 
master,  fellows,  scholars,  and  students  of  this  society. 
This  court  properly  called  the  King's  court,  but 
more  generally  known  as  the  New  court,  cost  up- 


260 


TRINITY    COLLEGE. 


GATEWAY    TO    THE    NEW    COURT,    LEADING   TO    THE    WALKS. 


wards  of  £50,000,  whereof  £1000  was  contributed 
by  his  majesty. 

On  the  24th  of  August,  1823,  the  mayor,  bailiffs, 
and  burgesses  of  the  town  of  Cambridge,  conveyed 
to  the  master,  fellows,  and  scholars  five  several 
parcels  of  ground  at  the  back  of  the  college.  These 
had  been  previously  held  by  the  college  of  the 
corporation  on  lease.(a) 

The  marquess  of  Camden,  after  his  installation 
as  chancellor  of  the  university,  on  the  7th  of  July, 
1835,  was  entertained  at  dinner  in  the  hall  of  this 
college.  On  the  9th  there  was  a  public  breakfast 
in  Neville's  court,  of  which  nearly  two  thousand 

(a)  The  last  leases  (respectively  for  999  years)  were  dated  22nd  June, 
1791,  and  23rd  March,  1802.  Portions  of  the  King's  or  new  court  stand 
on  some  part  of  the  above  mentioned  property. 


TRINITY    COLLEGE.  261 

persons  partook,  and  which  was  followed  by  a  grand 
display  of  fireworks. 

Her  majesty  queen  Victoria,  accompanied  by  her 
illustrious  consort,  H.E-.H.  prince  Albert,  visited 
the  university  on  the  25th  of  October,  1843.  They 
were  received  at  this  college,  by  Dr.  Whewell, 
master  and  vice-chancellor  of  the  university.  Her 
majesty  having  partaken  of  refreshment  at  the 
master's  lodge,  proceeded  to  hold  a  court  in  the 
hall,  at  the  upper  end  whereof  a  throne  was  erected. 
Here  addresses  of  congratulation  were  presented  by 
the  university  to  her  majesty  and  prince  Albert. 
In  the  evening  her  majesty  and  the  prince  visited 
the  college  chapel,  the  queen  retiring  to  the  master's 
lodge,  whilst  the  prince,  accompanied  by  Dr. 
Whewell,  viewed  the  college  library  by '  torchlight. 
Her  majesty,  who  had  a  private  dinner  party  in 
the  lodge  and  afterwards  held  a  levee  there,  left 
Cambridge  on  the  following  day. 

On  the  24th  of  February,  1844,  queen  Victoria, 
upon  the  petition  of  the  society,  gave  her  sanction 
to  a  revised  code  of  statutes. 

Her  majesty  again  honoured  this  college  with  a 
visit  in  July,  1847,  when  H.R.H.  prince  Albert 
was  installed  as  chancellor  of  the  university.  She 
received  an  address  from  the  university  in  the  hall. 
On  the  6th,  her  majesty  and  the  prince  attended  a 
grand  banquet  in  the  hall,  after  which  she  held  a 
levee  in  the  master's  lodge,  where  on  the  next  day 
the  prince  chancellor  held  his  levee.  On  that  day 
a  grand  public  breakfast  was  given  in  Neville's  court, 
and  in  the  grounds  of  this  college  and  S.  John's. 


262  TKINITY    COLLEGE. 

It  was  attended  by  three  thousand  five  hundred  and 
eighty-eight  persons,  and  honoured  with  the  presence 
of  her  majesty  and  the  prince. 

Statutes  for  the  government  of  the  society, 
framed  by  the  university  commissioners,  passed  their 
common  seal  on  the  1st  of  July,  1859.  Under  this 
code  the  society  consists  of  a  master,  sixty  fellows 
at  least,  seventy- two (a)  scholars  at  least,  sixteen  sizars 
at  least,  four  chaplains,  a  librarian,  three  professors 
of  divinity,  greek,  and  hebrew  respectively,  and 
twenty-four  poor  men. 

A  new  and  elegant  stone  building,  at  present 
called  the  master's  court,  situate  on  the  eastern 
side  of  Trinity  street,  immediately  opposite  the 
principal  gate  of  the  college,  was  erected  in  1860, 
at  the  sole  charge  of  Dr.  William  Whewell,  the 
present  master  of  the  college. 

BENEFACTOES. — William  Filey,  D.D.,  principal  of 
Physwick  hostel,  in  1549  left  many  books  of 
value ;  Thomas  Allen,  rector  of  Stevenage,  by 
will  dated  May,  1558,  gave  to  the  college  lands 
in  the  counties  of  Leicester,  Kent,  Hertford,  and 
Stafford,  subject  to  annual  payments  to  the  schools 
of  Uttoxeter,  Stone,  and  Stevenage,  and  for  other 
benevolent  purposes ;  John  Christopherson,  bishop  of 
Chichester,  master,  gave  many  books  both  printed 
and  manuscript  to  the  library,  also  hangings  and 
other  goods  to  his  successors  in  the  mastership ; 


(a)  Viz.  forty  for  the  founder,  twenty  for  queen  Mary,  two  for  the  rev. 
Thomas  Allen,  five  for  lady  Bromley,  one  for  lady  Jermyn,  one  for 
Mr.  Newman,  one  for  Mr.  Martin,  one  for  Mrs.  Whewell,  and  one  for 
Mr.  John  Brown. 


TRINITY   COLLEGE.  263 

William  Bill,  D.D.,  master,  by  will  dated  6tli  May, 
1561,  bequeathed  100  marks  for  the  fabric  of  the 
chapel,  and  £10  for  poor  students,  he  also  gave 
one-fourth  of  his  books  to  the  library;  Francis 
Russell,  earl  of  Bedford,  and  sir  William  Cecil, 
afterwards  lord  Burghley,  gave  stone  for  the  con- 
struction of  the  chapel;  Robert  Beaumont,  D.D., 
master,  by  will  in  1567,  gave  £40  for  stalling 
and  glazing  the  library,  also  divinity  books  and 
pictures,  and  £10  to  poor  students ;  Frances  Jermyn 
(daughter  of  sir  Ambrose  Jermyn),  by  will  10th 
September,  1581,  founded  a  scholarship ;  John 
Whitgift,  archbishop  of  Canterbury,  sometime  master, 
gave  one  hundred  and  fifty-one  MSS.  to  the  library, 
also  plate ;  Richard  Cosin,  LL.D.,  sometime  fellow, 
bequeathed  £16  per  annum  for  two  poor  scholars; 
Thomas  Skeffington,  LL.D.,  fellow,  gave  a  good  col- 
lection of  books  to  the  library ;  Anne  Cox,  of 
London,  widow,  left  an  annuity  to  poor  scholars 
of  this  house  for  seventeen  years ;  Godfrey  Golds- 
borough,  bishop  of  Gloucester,  Matthew  Hutton, 
archbishop  of  York,  William  Redman,  bishop  of 
Norwich,  all  sometime  fellows,  and  John  Still, 
bishop  of  Bath  and  Wells,  sometime  master,  gave 
100  marks  each;  sir  Edward  Stanhope,  LL.D.,  some- 
time fellow,  gave  £100  to  complete  the  library  and 
bequeathed  £700  to  endow  the  office  of  librarian, 
he  also  gave  books  to  the  library,  and  £40  to  poor 
scholars;  Peter  Shaw,  D.D.,  rector  of  Bury,  Lan- 
cashire, sometime  fellow,  in  1608  left  many  books 
to  the  library;  Robert  West,  D.D.,  senior  fellow, 
and  rector  of  Fakenham  and  Snoring,  in  1610  be- 


264  TRINITY    COLLEGE. 

queathed  £50;  Thomas  Neville,  D.D.,  master,  and 
dean  of  Canterbury,  lent  £3000  for  new  buildings,  and 
afterwards,  at  his  own  charge,  erected  a  great  part 
of  the  court  called  after  his  name,  he  also  gave 
good  MSS.  and  printed  books  to  the  library ;  George 
Palyn,  citizen  and  girdler  of  London,  gave  £300  to 
buy  lands  for  exhibition  to  poor  scholars ;  Elizabeth, 
widow  of  Geoffrey  Elwes,  alderman  of  London, 
in  1615,  left  £6  a  year  for  an  exhibition;  Thomas 
Hopes,  rector  of  North  Runcton  in  Norfolk,  some- 
time scholar,  by  will  in  1615,  left  a  small  annuity 
for  an  exhibition  at  this  college,  to  which  he  devised 
the  advowson  of  the  rectory  of  North  Runcton, la) 
with  a  preference  to  the  vicemaster;  Lady  Anne 
Bromley,  in  1618  endowed  five  additional  scholar- 
ships; Roger  Jeston,  in  1622  charged  certain  lands 
in  London,  given  by  him  to  the  Haberdashers' 
company,  with  payment  of  £20  annually  to  three 
students  in  divinity  in  this  college ;  Anne  lady 
Weld,  widow  of  sir  Humphrey  Weld,  in  1623  left 
£32  a  year  for  exhibitions;  sir  Ralph  Hare,  K.B., 
gave  £100;  John  Richardson,  D.D.,  master,  in  1625 
left  £300  by  will ;  George  Willmer,  esq.,  in  or  about 
1626  gave  some  excellent  MSS.  to  the  library;  sir 
Michael  Stanhope  gave  a  good  collection  of  books 
to  the  library;  Robert  Bankworth,  D.D.,  sometime 
fellow,  lent  the  college  a  large  sum  free  of  interest; 
Silvius  Elwes,  M.A.,  chaplain,  gave  a  good  collection 
of  books  to  the  library;  Baptist  Hicks,  viscount 
Campden,  who  died  in  1629,  and  was  sometime  a 

(a)  Exchanged  in  1840  for  the  rectory  of  Reepham  with  Kerdiston  in 
the  same  county. 


264 
quefl 


Proi 

ships';    Roger  Jetton. 

u-ith  p; 

^ir  Humpli 


the  same  c- 


.v.  :.::••:         :.         .  •-.       ... 


TRINITY   COLLEGE.  267 

Isaac  Barrow,  D.D.,  master,  £100;  Isaac  Barrow,  bishop  of 
S.  Asaph,  £50 ;  Peter  Bashford,  M.A.,  £10 ;  Edward  Bathurst, 
M.A.,  £20 ;  John  Battely,  D.D.,  £32.  10s. ;  Nicholas  Battely,  M.A., 
£10  ;  Roger  Beckwith,  esq.,  £10.  15s. ;  William  Beckwith,  esq., 
£10 ;  John  Bedford,  M.A.,  rector  of  S.  Gerran's,  Cornwall,  £25 ; 
John  Bee  of  Nottingham,  £5  ;  sir  Charles  Berkeley,  £20 ;  Richard 
Beuskin,  B.A.,  £10.  15s.;  col.  Richard  Binns,  £10.  15s.; 
William  Bispham,  M.A.,  £10;  William  Blamore,  B.A.,  £5; 
Mr.  Blendel,  fellow  commoner,  £10;  Samuel  Blithe,  D.D., 
master  of  Clare  hall,  £10;  Thomas  Blomer,  D.D.,  £50; 
Edmund  Boleworth  of  London,  £10.  15s. ;  Valentine  Booth, 
rector  of  Claycoton,  Northamptonshire,  £5 ;  Thomas  Boteler, 
M.A.,  £30 ;  Matthew  Boucheret,  M.A.,  £52.  10s. ;  Reuben 
Bowen,  M.A.,  £32.  10s.;  John  Bowes,  D.D.,  £20;  William 
Bowes,  esq.,  of  Streatlam,  £30 ;  Samuel  Bowles,  M.A.,  fellow  of 
Trinity  hall,  £10.  15s. ;  Thomas  Bowyer,  rector  of  Denham 
Bucks,  £10;  Daniel  Brattell,  D.D.,  £100;  Francis  Bridge,  D.D., 
£50 ;  Mr.  Bridger,  fellow  commoner,  £5  ;  Clement  Breton,  H.A., 
£30 ;  William  Briggs,  citizen  of  Norwich,  £5.  7s.  6d. ;  Francis 
Brokesby,  B.D.,  £20 ;  Obadiah  Brokesby,  M.A.,  £5 ;  John  Brook- 
bank,  LL.D.,  £10 ;  Robert  Bruce,  earl  of  Ailesbury,  £21.  10s. ; 
Henry  Brunsel,  LL.D.,  canon  of  Ely,  £25 ;  —  Buck,  (father  of 
Dr.  Buck,)  £50;  John  Budgen,  M.D.,  £10;  William  Burrell, 
M.A.,  £20 ;  Joshua  Burton,  M.A.,  £10.  15s. ;  Richard  Byuns 
D.D.,  £5.  7s.  Qd. ;  sir  Charles  Caesar,  £20 ;  Robert  Callow,  M.A., 
£20;  Edward  Carleton,  vicar  of  Narburgh,  Norfolk,  £10  ;  John 
Castell,  D.D.,  rector  of  great  Greeiiford,  £55 ;  William  Castell, 
£5;  John  Castilion,  D.D.,  dean  of  Rochester,  £10;  George 
Chaniberlaine,  D.D.,  vicemaster,  £100;  Thomas  Chamberlaine, 
M.D.,  £10 ;  Mr.  Chamberlaine,  fellow  commoner,  £10 ;  Thomas 
Chambers,  citizen  of  London,  £6.  9s. ;  George  Chare,  M.A.,  £30  ; 
Philip  Chandler  of  Woodbridge,  £10.  15s. ;  Edward  Chester, 
M.A.,  £25;  sir  Thomas  Chicheley,  £140;  Edward  Clifford, 
vicar  of  Cratfield,  Suffolk,  £20;  sir  William  Clifton,  £50; 
Patrick  Cock,  M.A.,  £20;  Nathaniel  Coga,  D.D.,  master  of 
Pembroke  hall,  £10 ;  Joseph  Coke,  M.B.,  £15  ;  Edward  Colbournc 
of  the  Dolphin  tavern,  Cambridge,  £5 ;  Edward  Coleman,  esq., 
M.A.,  £50 ;  Mr.  Collard,  fellow  commoner,  £10 ;  Charles  Cooke, 
esq.,  £5.  7s.  6(7. ;  William  Cook,  LL.D.,  fellow  of  Jesus  college, 


268  TRINITY    COLLEGE. 

£20 ;  Mr.  Conliffe,  £2.  3*. ;  William  Corker,  M.A.,  £50 ;  Corpus 
Christi  college,  Cambridge,  £5.  Is.  6d.  ;  John  Copleston,  D.D., 
provost  of  King's  college,  £10.  15s. ;  John  Cory,  fellow  of  Corpus 
Christi  college,  £5.  7*.  6d. ;  sir  John  Cotton,  £50  ;  Mr.  Thomas 
Cotton  of  Cheshire,  £5 ;  Peter  Courthope,  esq.,  £20 ;  John 
Courtman,  B.D.,  £10;  Francis  Crane,  esq.,  £50;  Thomas 
Crawley,  D.D.,  £40 ;  —  Cressar,  (father  of  Stephen  Cressar,  D.D.,) 
£10 ;  hon.  John  Crew,  £20 ;  Nathaniel  lord  Crew,  bishop  of 
Durham,  £53.  15s.;  Robert  Creyghton,  D.D.,  £80;  James 
Crompton,  M.A.,  fellow  of  Jesus  college,  £5.  7s.  6d.  ;  Ralph 
Cudworth,  D.D.,  master  of  Christ's  college,  £40;  Richard 
Culverwell,  M.A.,  rector  of  Grundisburgh,  £10 ;  Isaac  Dalton, 
£20;  Marmaduke  Darcy,  esq.,  £40;  Richard  Darley,  esq.,  of 
Abdy,  £20;  James  Davie,  rector  of  Watlington,  Norfolk, 
£5.  7s.  Gd. ;  John  Davies,  £10 ;  Mutton  Davies,  esq.,  £10 ; 
William  Davies,  M.A.,  £20;  John  Delahay,  M.A.,  £20; 
Simon  Delboe,  M.A.,  £10;  sir  Thomas  Delves,  bart.,  £50; 
Peter  Dent,  M.B.,  £10 ;  Henry  Dickinson,  LL.B.,  £5.  7s.  Bd. ; 
John  Dickinson,  £40 ;  Thomas  Docwray,  £100 ;  Henry  Dove, 
D.D.,  £40 ;  sir  George  Downing,  bart.,  £100 ;  Oliver  Doiley, 
LL.D.,  fellow  of  King's  college,  £20 ;  Mr.  Drake,  steward  of 
the  college  courts,  £28 ;  Jonathan  Dryden,  M.A.,  £20 ;  James 
Duport,  D.D.,  dean  of  Peterborough,  £200 ;  —  Eachard  (father 
of  Dr.  Eachard,  master  of  Catherine  hall,)  £10 ;  sir  Richard 
Edgecumbe,  K.B.,  £40 ;  Henry  Edmonds,  esq.,  of  Wortsburgh, 
Yorkshire,  £10.  15s.;  Alexander  Ekius,  M.A.,  rector  of  Orling- 
bury,  Northamptonshire,  £10 ;  John  Ekins,  M.A.,  £30 ;  John 
Ellys,  M.A.,  fellow  of  Caius  college,  £10 ;  Jeremy  Elwes,  esq., 
£20;  sir  James  Etheridge,  £5.  7s.  &d. ;  Laurence  Eusden,  M.A., 
£45;  George  Evans,  D.D.,  canon  of  Windsor,  £10;  sir  Thomas 
Exton,  £21. 10s. ;  Mr.  Eyton,  fellow  commoner,  £10 ;  Mr.  Fage, 
£10.  15s.;  Thomas  Firmin,  mercer,  £20;  Basil  Firebrace, 
merchant,  £46.  4s. ;  Henry  Firebrace,  D.D.,  £20 ;  sir  Richard 
Fisher  of  Hammersmith,  £53.  15s.;  Mr.  Forrest,  £50;  Francis 
Fox,  M.A.,  £20 ;  Charles  Fraiser,  M.D.,  £25 ;  Thomas  Gale, 
D.D.,  dean  of  York,  £60 ;  Thomas  Garford,  £5.  7s.  Gd. ;  Joseph 
Gascoigne,  D.D.,  £40 ;  Mr.  Gerard,  £5 ;  Thomas  Gipps,  M.A., 
£60 ;  Christopher  Glasscock  of  Felstead,  £5.  7s.  Gd. ;  John 
Glover,  D.D.,  fellow  of  Peterhouse,  £10 ;  George  Goodman,  M.A.? 


TRINITY    COLLEGE.  269 

£20 ;  John  Goodwin,  M.A.,  £25 ;  William  Greaves,  alderman  of 
Nottingham,  £10 ;  Anthony  Grey,  earl  of  Kent,  £100 ;  Reginald 
Greyham,  esq.,  £5  ;  John  Gostling,  M.D.,  fellow  of  Caius  college, 
£31.  10s.;  William  Gostwyke,  M.A.,  £20;  John  Greenell,  M.A., 
£5 ;  Abraham  Gregory,  D.D.,  canon  of  Gloucester,  £5 ;  Henry 
Greswould,  M.A.,  £20 ;  Richard  Gulston,  esq.,  £50 ;  Peter 
Gunning,  bishop  of  Ely,  £50 ;  William  Hale,  esq.,  £50 ;  John 
Harris  of  Badford,  Devon,  £10 ;  John  Harrison,  D.D.,  £70 ;  John 
Hawkins,  B.D.,  £70 ;  John  Hawkins,  (steward  to  sir  John  Barring- 
ton,)  £2;  William  Hawkins,  D.D.,  canon  of  Winchester,  £10; 
Mr.  Herveinge,  £5  ;  sir  John  Hewley,  bart.,  £50 ;  Tobias  Hewytt, 
B.A.,  £5  ;  sir  Robert  Hildyard,  £50  ;  Robert  Hitch,  D.D.,  dean  of 
York,  £100 ;  William  Holder,  D.D.,  £20 ;  John  Holland,  M.A., 
minister  of  Guildford,  £40;  sir  John  Holman,  £50;  JohnHowarth, 
M.A.,  £20 ;  captain  Hunt,  £20 ;  sir  Edward  Hussey,  bart., 
£40 ;  John  Hussey  of  Oakhampton,  £5 ;  Henry  James,  D.D., 
£5.  7s.  Gd. ;  Edmund  Jefferies,  £5.  7s.  6d. ;  William  Jennings, 
£5 ;  John  Jones,  D.D.,  dean  of  Bangor,  £20 ;  Richard  Kelham, 
B.A.,  £5;  John  Kendall,  esq.,  £10;  Gregory  Kent,  £10;  Key 
and  Maulden,  glaziers,  £5  ;  sir  John  Knatchbull,  bart.,  £40 ; 
Matthew  Kirby,  D.D.,  fellow  of  King's  college,  £10;  Thomas 
Kirby  of  London,  £10 ;  John  Knight,  esq.,  £5 ;  Mr.  Knipe, 
£10;  a  lady  (by  Dr.  Barrow,)  £21.  10s.;  John  Lake,  bishop 
of  Chichester,  £75  ;  Richard  Lakeland,  B.A.,  £6  ;  Henry  Lane, 
M.A.,  £20;  Mr.  Langston,  fellow  commoner,  £10;  William 
Leake,  barrister,  £40 ;  Gervase  Lee,  M.A.,  £10 ;  William  Lewis, 
LL.D.,  fellow  of  Jesus  college,  £10 ;  James  Linfeild,  M.A.,  £20 ; 
Thomas  Lynford,  D.D.,  fellow  of  Christ's  college,  £5.  7s.  Gd. ; 
John  Lister,  esq.,  of  Linton,  Yorkshire,  £50 ;  William  Lynnett, 
D.D.,  £128 ;  James  Manfield,  M.A.,  £20 ;  John  Manners,  earl 
(afterwards  duke)  of  Rutland,  £50 ;  John  Mapletoft,  M.D.,  £20 ; 
Hugh  Mapletoft,  M.A.,  £10;  Sir  Robert  Markham,  £10; 
Anthony  Marshall,  D.D.,  rector  of  Bottesford,  £150  ;  —  Marshall, 
barber  to  the  college,  £5 ;  Thomas  Maulyverer,  M.A.,  £10;  William 
Mayer,  M.A.,  £40;  Richard  Meggott,  D.D.,  canon  of  Windsor, 
£10;  sir  William  Meredith,  bart.,  £20;  John  Middleton  of 
Stradishall,  Suffolk,  £l ;  sir  Thomas  Middleton,  £20;  Edmund 
Miller,  alderman  of  Cambridge,  £5.  7s.  Gd. ;  Philip  Milward,  esq., 
£50;  Richard  Milward,  D.D.,  canon  of  Windsor,  £20 ;  George 


270  TRINITY   COLLEGE. 

Modd,  M.A.,  £20 ;  Christopher  Monk,  duke  of  Albemarle,  £100 ; 
Charles  Montagu,  earl  (afterwards  duke)  of  Manchester,  £50; 
hori.  Charles  Montagu,  M.A.,  chancellor  of  the  diocese  of  Dur- 
ham, £50 ;  hon.  Charles  Montagu  (afterwards  earl  of  Halifax) 
£15 ;  Edward  Montagu,  second  earl  of  Sandwich,  £100 ; 
Edward  Montagu,  viscount  Hinchinbrooke  (afterwards  third  earl 
of  Sandwich)  £50 ;  hon.  John  Montagu,  D.D.,  master,  £228  • 
hon.  Richard  Montagu,  £50 ;  hon.  Sidney  Wortley  Montagu, 
£50 ;  sir  William  Montagu,  lord  chief  baron  of  the  exchequer, 
£10.  15s. ;  Charles  Mordaunt,  lord  Mordaunt,  afterwards  earl 
of  Peterborough,  £26.  15s. ;  Charles  Morden,  £20;  John 
Morden,  £10;  Richard  Moore,  esq.,  of  Lindley,  Salop,  £5; 
Henry  More,  D.D.,  fellow  of  Christ's  college,  £20;  Robert 
Moyle,  B.D.,  £40;  —  Moyle  (father  of  Robert  Moyle,  B.D.) 
£60 ;  Thomas  Murgatroyd,  M.A.,  £10 ;  hon.  Byron  Needham, 
M.A.,  £50;  Samuel  Needham,  M.A.,  £10;  Walter  Needham, 
M.D.,  £20 ;  Robert  Nalson,  esq.,  £10 ;  Clement  Neville,  M.A., 
£150 ;  Mr.  Newman,  student,  £10 ;  Isaac  Newton,  M.A.,  £40 ; 
John  Newton,  esq.,  £10 ;  Samuel  Newton,  alderman  of  Cam- 
bridge and  registrar  of  the  college,  £30 ;  Thomas  Nixon,  D.D., 
£20 ;  Baptist  Noel,  viscount  Campden,  £50 ;  sir  Francis  North, 
lord  chief-justice,  £20 ;  sir  Henry  North,  bart.,  £5 ;  hon.  John 
North,  D.D.,  master,  £100.  10s. ;  hon.  Roger  North,  £5;  Richard 
Nurse,  M.A.,  £20;  Gabriel  Offley,  D.D.,  £20;  Barnabas  Oley, 
archdeacon  of  Ely,  £5 ;  Henry  Oscland,  M.A.,  £5 ;  Adam 
Ottley,  D.D.,  (afterwards  bishop  of  S.  David's)  £20 ;  sir  John 
Otway,  £100;  William  Owtram,  D.D.,  £10;  sir  James  Oxenden, 
bart.,  £50;  John  Packer,  £10;  Philip  Packer,  esq.,  £10; 
Edward  Paget,  M.A.,  £12.  10s.;  Justinian  Paget,  esq.,  £5.  7s.  6f?.; 
Edward  Palmer,  esq.,  M.A.,  £50;  John  Palmer,  M.A.,  £20; 
John  Palmer,  archdeacon  of  Northampton,  £10 ;  Thomas 
Palmer,  M.A.,  £16.  16s. ;  Henry  Paman,  LL.D.,  £5.  7s.  Qd. ; 
George  Parish,  D.D.,  £100 ;  Henry  Parker  (secretary  to  the 
bishop  of  London)  £10 ;  Thomas  Pawlett,  M.A.,  £30 ;  Michael 
Payne,  M.A.,  £20 ;  Stephen  Paynter,  M.A.,  petty  canon  of  Nor- 
wich, £5 ;  John  Pearson,  bishop  of  Chester,  sometime  master, 
£228 ;  Edward  Polling,  D.D.,  £50 ;  William  Pennynge,  M.A., 
£10 ;  Roger  Pepys,  esq.,  of  Inipington,  £20 ;  William  Perry, 
M.A.,  £20;  Valentine  Petit,  M.A.,  £30;  Edward  Pickering, 


TRINITY    COLLEGE.  271 

csq.,  of  Swavesey,  £40 ;  Mr.  Plummer,  fellow  commoner,  £5 ; 
Arthur  Pomeroy,  D.D.,  dean  of  Cork,  £70 ;  Daniel  Price,  M.A., 
£10 ;  Thomas  Price,  of  London,  goldsmith,  £25 ;  sir  Henry 
Newton  Puckering,  £21.  10s.;  Benjamin  Pulleyn,  B.D.,  £40; 
Eobert  Pulleyn,  £10 ;  John  Pyke,  M.A.,  £10  ;  John  Kant,  esq., 
of  Cambridge,  barrister,  £5.  7s.  6d. ;  Nathaniel  Kashleigh,  M.A., 
£25;  John  Kay,  M.A.,  £10;  Kiehard  Kay,  M.A.,  £10.  15s.; 
sir  Charles  Croft  Kead,  £21.  10s.;  sir  Kobert  Keve,  of  Thwaite, 
Suffolk,  £20 ;  captain  Kobert  Reynolds  of  Bury,  £6.  9s. ; 
Osmund  Rhodes,  M.A.,  vicar  of  Bcdingfield,  £10  ;  Paul  Kicaut, 
£5 ;  sir  William  Rich,  £10 ;  Purbeck  Richardson,  M.A.,  £10 ; 
William  Robson,  M.A.,  £50 ;  Thomas  Rogers,  D.D.,  prebendary 
of  Hereford,  £20 ;  Jonathan  Rose,  vicar  of  Sedbergh,  £5.  7s.  6d.  • 
Thomas  Rotheram,  M.A.,  £20 ;  William  Russell,  earl  (after- 
wards duke)  of  Bedford,  £100 ;  William  Russell,  lord  Russell, 
£50 ;  Peter  Samways,  D.D.,  £40 ;  William  Sancroft,  archbishop 
of  Canterbury,  £100;  Samuel  Sanders  of  Ireton,  Derbyshire, 
£5  ;  Mr.  Scabler,  £50  ;  Anthony  Scattergood,  D.D.,  £50 ;  John 
Scattergood,  M.A.,  £5 ;  Samuel  Scattergood,  M.A.,  £20 ;  sir 
Thomas  Sclater,  bart,  £28  ;  Robert  Scott,  B.D.,  £50 ;  Matthew 
Scrivener,  vicar  of  Haslingfield,  £10.  7s.  Qd. ;  Obadiah  Sedg- 
wich,  rector  of  Rarnpton,  £30 ;  Mrs.  Sedgwick,  £10 ;  George 
Seignior,  D.D.,  £40 ;  George  Settwell,  £10;  Charles  Seymour, 
duke  of  Somerset,  £500 ;  sir  John  Shaw,  £30 ;  Charles  Shaw, 
M.A.,  £5;  William  Sherman,  M.A.,  £10;  Richard  Sheldrake, 
B.D.,  of  Corpus  Christi  college,  £5.  7s.  6d. ;  John  Sherret,  M.A., 
£20;  William  Sill,  M.A.,  £20;  Daniel  Skinner,  M.A.,  £20  • 
Stephen  Skinner,  M.A.,  £20;  sir  Philip  Skipton,  £10;  lady 
Shipwith,  £10;  Joseph  Smart  of  London,  £5;  Jonathan  Smith, 
M.A.,  £25 ;  John  Snow,  rector  of  Diddinghurst,  Essex,  £5 ; 
Nicholas  Spencer,  B.D.,  £30 ;  William  Spencer,  D.D.,  £10 ; 
John  Stagg,  M.A.,  £21.  10s.;  Ralph  Staunton,  M.A,  £20; 
Richard  Stcdman,  B.D.,  £60 ;  Richard  Sterne,  archbishop  of 
York,  £100;  Christopher  Stone,  D.D.,  of  York,  £30;  John 
Stones,  rector  of  Barnadiston,  Suffolk,  £5 ;  Mr.  Stonestreet  of 
London,  £21.  10s.;  William  Stonestreet,  M.A.,  £20 ;  William 
Strawson,  minister  of  Stickney,  Lincolnshire,  £5 ;  Thomas 
Street,  M.A.,  £30;  Henry  Stubbe  of  Chedle,  £10;  Josiah 
Stubbe,  M.A.,  £10;  Edmund  Stubbe,  M.A.,  £10;  Wolfran 


272  TRINITY    COLLEGE. 

Stubbe,  D.D.,  £100;  Mr.  Suckling,  £20;  sir  John  Sudbury, 
bart,  £20;  Mr.  Symson,  £21.  10s.;  John  Taylor,  schoolmaster 
of  Stafford,  £10 ;  John  Templer,  D.D.,  £40 ;  William  Thursby, 
esq.,  of  the  Temple,  £50;  Sigismund  Trafford,  esq.,  £21.  10s.; 
Bernard  Turner,  £10 ;  Francis  Turner,  I>.D.,  afterwards  bishop 
of  Ely,  £20 ;  John  Turner  of  Lynn  Kegis,  merchant,  £25  ;  Mr. 
Turner,  vicar  of  Blythe,  £5 ;  Robert  Uvedale,  D.D.,  £50 ; 
Nathaniel  Vincent,  D.D.,  fellow  of  Clare  hall,  £5 ;  Nathaniel 
Viner,  M.A.,  £20;  William  Walker,  B.D.,  rector  of  Colsterworth, 
£20;  Eobert  Walpole,  esq.,  £30;  Thomas  Watson,  D.D., 
afterwards  bishop  of  S.  David's,  £20 ;  Benjamin  Watts,  £10 ; 
lady  Wendy,  £20 ;  Leonard  Welsted,  M.A.,  £10 ;  Robert  West, 
M.A.,  £50;  Willoughby  West,  £10;  Joseph  Weld,  M.A.,  £10; 
Thomas  Weld,  M.A.,  £10.  15s. ;  Benjamin  Whichcot,  D.D., 
sometime  provost  of  King's  college,  £10 ;  sir  Paul  Whichcot, 
£5.  7s.  %d. ;  John  Wickins,  M.A.,  £30 ;  lady  Williamson,  £40 ; 
Mr.  Willoughby,  £20;  Richard  Winde  of  S.  Ives,  sometime 
fellow  of  Queens'  college,  £10 ;  sir  George  Wineve,  £5 ; 
Catharine  Winstanley,  £5 ;  Joseph  Withers,  M.A.,  £15 ;  sir 
Francis  Withins,  justice  of  the  king's  bench,  £5.  7s.  6d. ;  William 
Wollaston,  esq.,  of  Strenton,  Leicestershire,  £30;  sir  Philip 
Woodhouse,  bart.,  £10 ;  lady  Wright  of  Dagenham,  Essex,  £10 ; 
Roger  Wye,  M.A.,  £10;  Christopher  Wyvill,  D.D.,  £22.  10s.; 
John  Yardley,  M.D.,  £10;  Benjamin  Young,  M.A.,  £15. 

Francis  Crane,  esq.,  of  Stoke  park  in  Northampton- 
shire, in  1678  gave  the  advowson  of  the  rectory 
of  Loughton  in  Buckinghamshire ;  Thomas  Docwra, 
in  1678  left  £100  to  augment  the  scholarship  founded 
by  Frances  Jermyn ;  George  Chamberlaine,  D.D.,  vice- 
master,  in  1681  gave  the  advowson  of  the  rectory  of 
Dickleburgh  in  Norfolk,  with  a  preference  to  the  vice- 
master  for  the  time  being;  William  Lewis,  D.D.,  rector 
of  Allhallows  by  the  wall,  London,  by  will  in  1681 
gave  money  to  buy  lands  for  the  exhibition  of  four 
students ;  sir  Thomas  Sclater,  bart.,  sometime  fellow, 


272 

:?0;  sir  J 
npler,  D.D.,  £40;  William  Th 


M.A., 

of  King's  c 


Icge,    £.. 
Wiaatanley,   £5 ;    . ' 

ie  king's  bench,  j.. 
i'  8trenton,  Loicestershir. 
£10;  lady  Wright  of  Dagenliam,  K 
>i.A.,  £10;  ( 
rdfej,  w.. 


C©I= 


TRINITY    COLLEGE.  275 

latin  declamation;  Porter  Thompson,  esq.,  M.A.,  gave 
in  his  lifetime  above  five  hundred  volumes  to  the 
library;  Roger  Gale,  esq.,  M.A.,  sometime  fellow, 
gave  to  the  library  a  valuable  collection  of  MSS. 
formed  by  him  and  his  father  Dr.  Thomas  Gale, 
dean  of  York,  who  was  also  a  fellow  of  the  college ; 
Beaupre  Bell,  esq.,  M.A.,  of  Beaupre  hall  in  Norfolk, 
in  1745  left  a  choice  collection  of  books  and  medals 
and  100  guineas  to  the  library,  with  other  marks 
of  his  affection  to  the  society;  John  Colbatch,  D.D., 
senior  fellow  and  professor  of  moral  philosophy,  in 
1749  left  his  books  to  the  library;  sir  John  Cotton 
of  Stratton,  bart.,  in  1756  gave  a  collection  of  roman 
monuments  brought  from  the  Picts'  wall  by  his  an- 
cestor sir  Robert  Cotton  ;  Francis  Hooper,  D.D.,  senior 
fellow,  left  in  1763  an  estate  at  Barrington  to  found 
three  annual  prizes  for  english  declamations,  also  £1000 
to  rebuild  or  alter  the  combination  room  and  £180 
for  plate;  Richard  Walker,  D.D.,  vicemaster,  in  1764 
left  £10  per  annum  for  one  or  more  poor  scholars,  and 
a  farm  at  Swavesey  subject  to  the  payment  of  £50 
a  year  to  the  Botanic  garden,  he  also  gave  many 
books  to  the  library ;  Robert  Smith,  D.D.,  master, 
in  1768  gave  £2000  stock  to  be  applied  by  the 
master  and  seniors  to  public  uses,  also  his  books 
to  the  library,  and  busts  and  pictures  to  the  master's 
lodge ;  Walter  Titley,  esq.,  sometime  senior  fellow, 
and  for  more  than  thirty  years  envoy  extraordinary 
to  the  court  of  Denmark,  left  by  will  in  1768  £1000; 
Henry  Davis,  D.D.,  senior  fellow,  in  1770  left  £200 
for  augmenting  one  of  the  small  college  livings ; 
John  Porter,  formerly  butler  of  the  college,  left 

T'2 


276  TRINITY    COLLEGE. 

£300;  Edward  Capel,  esq.,  in  1779  gave  to  the 
library  a  valuable  collection  of  books  principally 
relating  to  Shakspere  and  his  times ;  William 
Greaves,  esq.,  M.A.,  commissary  of  the  university 
and  many  years  auditor  of  the  college,  gave  in 
his  lifetime  100  guineas,  and  by  will  left  £100  the 
interest  to  be  applied  as  a  prize  for  the  best  english 
dissertation  on  the  character  and  memory  of  king 
William  III. ;  John  Hinchliffe,  bishop  of  Peter- 
borough, master,  gave  the  picture  over  the  altar  in 
the  chapel,  and  by  will  bequeathed  numerous  books 
to  the  library;  Moore  Meredith,  B.D.,  vicemaster,  in 
1789  left  £2000  stock  for  improving  and  embellishing 
the  college;  James  Backhouse,  B.D.,  senior  fellow, 
by  will  in  1790  left  £200  to  augment  the  vicarage 
of  Withybroke;  John  Montagu,  earl  of  Sandwich, 
gave  a  collection  of  curiosities  brought  from  the 
South  sea  islands  by  captain  Cook;  Thomas  Post- 
lethwaite,  D.D.,  master,  in  1798  bequeathed  £2000 
stock;  the  rev.  John  Pigott,  M.A.,  sometime  fellow, 
gave  in  his  lifetime  in  1811  £12,000  for  augmenting 
the  poorer  vicarages  in  the  gift  of  the  society,  to 
which  he  left  by  will  the  advowson  of  the  rec- 
tory of  Gilling  idi  the  north  riding  of  Yorkshire ; 
the  rev.  Peter  Paul  Dobree,  M.A.,  fellow,  Regius 
professor  of  greek,  in  1825  bequeathed  one  thousand 
volumes  to  be  selected  by  the  college  out  of  his 
very  valuable  library;  the  rev.  Robert  Hole,  M.A., 
senior  fellow,  left  in  1825  a  cabinet  of  choice  books 
to  the  number  of  five  hundred  volumes ;  the  rev. 
Robert  Wilson  Evans,  M.A.,  fellow,  in  1825  gave  above 
five  hundred  volumes  to  the  library ;  Edward 


TRINITY    COLLEGE.  277 

Hellish,  M.A.,  dean  of  Hereford,  left  £200  in  1830 ; 
the  rev.  Edward  Yeats,  M.A.,  sometime  fellow,  in 
1830  bequeathed  £5000  for  the  augmentation  of  the 
vicarages  of  Kendal,  Kirby  Lonsdale,  and  Sedbergh, 
and  £500  for  the  foundation  of  two  annual  prizes  of 
£10  each ;  Jonathan  Raine,  esq.,  M.A.,  sometime 
fellow,  left  in  1831  a  valuable  collection  of  early  edi- 
tions of  the  classics  principally  collected  by  his  brother 
Matthew  Raine,  D.D.,  master  of  Charterhouse  and 
also  a  fellow  of  the  college;  Daniel  Pettiward,  M.A., 
rector  of  Onehouse  in  Suffolk,  left  to  the  library 
all  his  books,  prints,  pictures,  and  works  of  art, 
as  also  £100  to  purchase  books;  Christopher  Words- 
worth, D.D.,  master,  gave  in  his  lifetime  £500  in 
augmentation  of  the  Pigott  fund,  and  to  his  zealous 
exertions,  seconded  by  a  corresponding  liberality  in 
many  friends  of  the  college, (a)  the  society  are  mainly 

(a)  The  principal  contributors  were:  king  George  IV.  £1000;  H.R.H. 
Augustus  Frederick,  duke  of  Sussex,  £52.  10s. ;  H.R.H.  William  Frederick, 
duke  of  Gloucester,  chancellor  of  the  university,  £100;  Christopher 
Wordsworth,  D.D.,  master,  £210;  Montagu  Farrer  Ainslie  £105;  Gerrard 
Andrewes,  D.D.,  dean  of  Canterbury,  £52.  10s. ;  William  John  Bankes,  esq., 
M.P.,  £105;  Henry  Vincent  Bayley,  archdeacon  of  Stow,  £52.  10s. ;  right 
hon.  John  Beckett  £52.  10s.;  John  Bell,  esq.,  of  Lincoln's  inn,  £52.  10s.; 
James  Blackburn,  vicar  of  Gainford,  £100;  sir  Francis  Lynch  Blosse,  bart., 
£100;  Charles  James  Blomfield,  D.D.,  (afterwards  bishop  of  London), 
£52.  10s.;  rev.  Charles  Ffrench  Bromhead  £31.  10s.;  rev.  John  Brown 
£105 ;  rev.  George  Adam  Browne  £52.  10s. ;  Charles  Harcourt  Chambers 
£31.  10s.;  rev.  William  Clark,  professor  of  anatomy,  £31.  10s.  5  rev.  Henry 
Coddington  £31.  10s.;  sir  John  Singleton  Copley  (now  lord  Lyndhurst) 
£52.  10s. ;  John  Cust,  earl  Brownlow,  £50;  rev.  Peter  Debary,  £105; 
Henry  Venn  Elliott  £31.  10s.;  rev.  Edward  Bishop  Elliott,  £31.  10s.;  rev. 
Robert  Wilson  Evans  £52.  10s. ;  Henry  Petty  Fitz-Maurice,  marquess 
of  Lansdowne,  £100;  George  Henry  Fitzroy,  duke  of  Grafton,  £100; 
William  Albin  Garratt  £100 ;  Thomas  Gilbank,  B.D.,  rector  of  Dickleburgh, 
Norfolk,  £100;  right  hon.  Henry  Goulburn  £52.  10s. ;  sir  Robert  Graham, 
baron  of  the  exchequer,  £52.  I  Os. ;  rev.  Robert  Hodgson  Greenwood 


278  TRINITY    COLLEGE. 

indebted  for  the  erection  of  the  third  court,  and 
also  for  the  institution  of  the  vicarage  and  Domus 
fund  connected  therewith;  Francis  Wrangham,  M.A., 
archdeacon  of  the  east  riding  of  Yorkshire,  gave 
to  the  library  in  1842  a  collection  of  pamphlets 
bound  in  one  thousand  volumes,  also  £100  to  found 
an  annual  prize;  John  Robert  Brodrick,  M.A.,  some- 

£52.  10s.;  John  Hailstone,  vicar  of  Trumpington,  £52.  10s.;  Julius  Charles 
Hare  £31.  10s.;    Jonathan  Hatfield  £50;    rev.  Henry  Horace  Hayes  of 
Swainswick  £50;  Frederick  William  Hervey,  lord  Hervey,  (now  marquess 
of  Bristol)  £105;  rev.  John  Phillips  Higman  £52.  10s.;  rev.  Robert  Hole 
£52.  10s. ;    John  Hudson,  vicar  of  Kendal,  £50 ;   rev.   James    Devereux 
Hustler   £52.  10s. ;    Abraham  Jobson,  D.D.,   vicar  of  Wisbech  S.  Peter, 
£100;  rev.  William  George  Judgson  £52.  10s.;  rev.  William  Lax,  Lown- 
dean  professor,  £50;  William  Lowther,  earl  of  Lonsdale,  £100;  William 
Lowther,   viscount  Lowther,    (now   earl  of  Lonsdale)  £50 ;   rev.  George 
Macfarlan  £31.  10s.;  Spencer  Madan,  D.D.,  canon  of  Peterborough,  £50; 
Benjamin  Heath  Malkin,  LL.D.,  £52.  10s.;  John  Henry  Manners,  duke  of 
Rutland,  £100;  James  Henry  Monk,  D.D.,  (afterwards  bishop  of  Gloucester 
and  Bristol)  £52.  10s. ;  rev.  Thomas  Musgrave  (afterwards  archbishop  of 
York)  £42;  Charles  Norris,  canon  of  Canterbury,  £100;  Henry  Handley 
Norris,    prebendary  of  Llandaff,    £50 ;  rev.  George  Peacock    £52.   10s. ; 
Charles  George  Perceval,  lord  Arden,  £100;  Thomas  Pell  Platt  £52.  10s.; 
Robert  Beresford  Podmore,  vicar  of  Monks  Kirby,  Warwickshire,  £100; 
Frederick  Pollock  (now  chief  baron  of  the  exchequer)   £52.  10s.;  John 
Jeffries  Pratt,  marquess  Camden,  £100;  rev.  Matthew  Morris  Preston  of 
Walthamstow  £50;  Jonathan  Raine  £52.  10s.;  rev.  John  Henry  Renouard, 
vicemaster,   £105;    rev.   John   Rippon   £52.    10s.;    rev.   Joseph   Romilly 
£31.  10s.;   Richard  Sheepshanks  £105;   William    Smith,  esq.,  £52.  10s. ; 
Charles  John  Spencer,  earl  Spencer,  £100;  rev.  Richard  Sykes  of  West 
Ella- hall  £50;  John  Taylor,  esq.,  of  Spring  grove,  Bewdley,  £50;  Henry 
John  Temple,  viscount  Palmerston,  M.P.,  £105;    Giles  Templeman,  esq., 
of  the  Temple,  London,  £30;  Connop  Thirlwall  (now  bishop  of  S.  David's) 
£31. 10s. ;  Thomas  Thorp  £31.  10s.;  Nicholas  Conyingham  Tindal  (after- 
wards chief-justice  of  the  common  pleas)  £52.  10s.;  Edward  Tumor,  esq., 
of  Stoke  Rochford,  £52.   10s.;    George   Waddington,  vicar  of  Tuxford, 
£100;  William  Sidney  Walker  £31.  10s.;  Jonathan  Walton,  B.D.,  rector 
of  Birdbrook,  Essex,  £52.  10s.;    Joshua  Watson,  esq.,  of  Clapton,  £50; 
rev.  George  Edis  Webster  £31.  10s. ;  rev.  William  Whewell  (now  master) 
£52.  10s.;   sir  Robert  Wigram,  bark,  £52.  10s.;  John   Wingfield,  D.D., 
canon  of  Worcester,  £50;  rev.  Edward  Yeats  £100. 


TRINITY    COLLEGE.  279 

time  scholar,  gave  in  his  lifetime  (1843)  £1000  stock 
for  augmenting  the  small  livings  in  the  patronage 
of  the  college ;  Robert  Beresford  Pod.rn.ore,  M.A.,  vicar 
of  Monk's  Kirby,  in  1842  bequeathed  £1000  to  found 
an  exhibition  ;  the  rev.  Peter  Leigh,  M.A.,  in  1848 
gave  £515  stock  to  augment  the  Wrangham  prize; 
the  rev.  Francis  Martin,  M.A.,  senior  bursar,  in 
1850  gave  land  at  Barrington  for  the  endowment 
of  a  scholarship ;  the  rev.  John  Brown,  M.A.,  vice- 
master,  in  1850  bequeathed  £1000  with  which  an 
additional  scholarship  has  been  established;  the 
friends  of  William  Dealtry,  D.D.,  archdeacon  of 
Winchester,  sometime  fellow,  in  1850  founded  two 
annual  prizes  of  15  guineas  each;  Mrs.  Whewell 
gave  during  her  lifetime  £500  for  founding  a 
scholarship,  and  left  such  directions  in  her  will  as 
shewed  her  deep  interest  in  the  most  important 
objects  of  the  society;  Julius  Charles  Hare,  arch- 
deacon of  Chichester,  sometime  fellow,  in  1855, 
bequeathed  a  large  collection  of  valuable  books  to 
the  library. 

EMINENT  MEN. — Paul  Fagius,  hebrew  reader  to  the 
university,  a  famous  rabbinical  scholar,  died  1549. 
Martin  Bucer,  D.D.,  Regius  professor  of  hebrew,  a 
divine  of  great  erudition,  died  1550-1.  John  Red- 
man, D.D.,  master,  Margaret  professor  of  divinity 
and  archdeacon  of  Taunton,  a  celebrated  divine, 
died  1551.  James  Haddon,  fellow,  dean  of  Exeter, 
1552.  Thomas  Sedgwick,  D.D.,  fellow,  Regius  pro- 
fessor of  divinity,  1557.  William  Glynn,  fellow, 
bishop  of  Bangor,  died  1558.  John  Christopherson, 
master,  bishop  of  Chichester,  died  1558.  Edmund 


280  TEINITY    COLLEGE. 

Cosyn,  fellow,  master  of  Catharine  hall,  1553-8. 
Thomas  Redman,  fellow,  master  of  Jesus  college, 
1558.  William  Bill,  D.D.,  master,  dean  of  West- 
minster and  provost  of  Eton  college,  died  1561. 
Robert  Beaumont,  D.D.,  master,  Margaret  professor 
of  divinity  and  archdeacon  of  Huntingdon,  died 
1567.  Nicholas  Carr,  M.D.,  fellow,  Regius  professor 
of  greek,  died  1568.  Edward  Godsalve,  fellow, 
professor  of  divinity  at  Antwerp,  flourished  1568. 
Martin  Parkinson,  fellow,  archdeacon  of  the  east 
riding  of  York,  died  1569.  Francis  Newton,  D.D., 
fellow,  dean  of  Winchester,  died  1572.  Thomas 
Wakefield,  fellow,  Regius  professor  of  hebrew,  died 
1575.  Thomas  Aldrich,  fellow,  master  of  Corpus 
Christi  college,  died  1576-7.  George  Gascoigne, 
poet,  died  1577.  Nicholas  Wendon,  LL.D.,  arch- 
deacon of  Suffolk,  flourished  1577.  Thomas  Ashton, 
fellow,  head  master  of  Shrewsbury  school,  died  1578. 
Thomas  Tusser,  author  of  Five  Hundred  Points  of 
Good  Husbandry,  died  1580.  Stephen  Nevynson, 
LL.D.,  fellow,  chancellor  of  the  dioceses  of  Canterbury 
and  Norwich,  died  1580.  John  Young,  D.D.,  fellow, 
Regius  professor  of  divinity  and  master  of  Pembroke 
hall,  died  1580.  John  Barret,  M.D.,  fellow,  author 
of  an  Alvearie  or  Quadruple  Dictionarie,  died  about 
1580.  John  Rugg,  archdeacon  of  Wells,  died 
1581-2.  Nicholas  Abithel,  D.D.,  professor  of  divinity 
at  Douay,  died  about  1586.  Nicholas  Morton,  D.D., 
fellow,  a  noted  roman  catholic  emissary,  flourished 
1586.  Robert  Jacob,  M.D.,  fellow,  physician  to  the 
court  of  Russia,  flourished  1586.  Henry  Berkeley, 
LL.D.,  master  in  chancery,  died  1587.  Nicholas 


TKINITY    COLLEGE.  281 

Shepperd,  D.D.,  fellow,  archdeacon  of  Northampton 
and  master  of  S.  John's  college,  died  1587.  Luke 
Gilpin,  fellow,  archdeacon  of  Derby,  died  1587. 
John  Studley,  fellow,  translator  of  Seneca's  trage- 
dies, died  about  1587.  Thomas  Penny,  M.D.,  fellow, 
botanist  and  entomologist,  died  1589.  Anthony 
Wingfield,  fellow,  public  orator,  1581-9.  Sir  Roger 
Townshend,  naval  commander,  died  1590.  Thomas 
Hood,  M.D.,  fellow,  mathematician,  flourished  1590. 
John  Copeot,  D.D.,  fellow,  master  of  Corpus  Christi 
college,  died  1590.  John  Stubbe,  a  noted  political 
character,  died  about  1591.  Giles  Wigginton,  fellow, 
a  leading  puritan,  flourished  1591.  Henry  Wilkin- 
son, fellow,  head  master  of  Merchant  Taylors' 
school,  1586-92.  John  Udall,  a  celebrated  puritan, 
author  of  works  on  hebrew  literature  and  theo- 
logy, died  1592.  John  Sadler,  fellow,  translator 
of  Vegetius,  died  about  1595.  Thomas  Bedwell, 
fellow,  mathematican  and  military  engineer,  died 
1595.  Bartholomew  Dodington,  fellow,  Regius 
professor  of  greek,  died  1595.  William  Whita- 
ker,  D.D.,  fellow,  Regius  professor  of  divinity  and 
master  of  S.  John's  college,  a  theologian  of  great 
repute,  died  1595.  Richard  Fletcher,  bishop  of  Lon- 
don, died  1596.  Robert  Ramsden,  D.D.,  fellow,  arch- 
deacon of  the  west  riding  of  York,  died  1596.  Charles 
Home,  latin  poet,  flourished  1596.  Richard  Cosin, 
LL.D.,  fellow,  dean  of  the  arches,  died  1597.  James 
Rowland,  archdeacon  of  Northampton,  died  1597-8. 
Edmund  Hound,  D.D.,  master  of  Catharine  hall,  died 
1598.  Peter  Baro,  D.D.,  Margaret  professor  of  divinity, 
died  1599. 


282  TRINITY   COLLEGE. 

John  James,  M.D.,  fellow,  physician  to  the  royal 
household,  died  1600-1.  Robert  Devereux,  earl  of 
Essex,  E.G.,  executed  1600-1.  Anthony  Bacon,  an 
elegant  scholar,  died  1601.  Thomas  Smith,  registrary 
of  the  universary  1591-1601.  William  Redman,  fellow, 
bishop  of  Gloucester,  died  1602.  John  Sanderson, 
D.D.,  fellow,  canon  of  Cambray,  author  of  Institutiones 
Dialecticse,  died  1602.  George  Boleyn,  D.D.,  dean 
of  Lichfield,  died  1602-3.  Sir  John  Rogers,  LL.D., 
fellow,  ambassador  to  Flanders,  flourished  1603.  Sir 
John  Townshend,  naval  commander,  died  1603. 
Thomas  Cartwright,  fellow,  an  able  theological 
writer  and  the  leader  of  the  puritans,  died  1603. 
John  Whitgift,  master,  archbishop  of  Canterbury, 
died  1603-4.  Godfrey  Goldsborough,  fellow,  bishop 
of  Gloucester,  died  1604.  Hugh  Gray,  D.D.,  fellow, 
divinity  professor  at  Gresham  college,  died  1604. 
Adam  Loftus,  archbishop  of  Dublin  and  lord  chan- 
cellor of  Ireland,  died  1605.  Edward  Lively,  fellow, 
Regius  professor  of  hebrew,  one  of  the  translators 
of  the  Bible,  died  1605.  George  Clifford,  earl  of 
Cumberland,  famed  for  naval  enterprise,  died  1605. 
Thomas  Muffet,  M.D.,  entomologist,  died  about 
1605.  Matthew  Hutton,  fellow,  archbishop  of  York, 
died  1605-6.  Walter  Hawkesworth,  fellow,  latin 
dramatist,  died  1606.  Richard  Reynolds,  M.D.,  author 
of  a  treatise  on  rhetoric  and  other  works,  died  1606. 
William  Dakins,  fellow,  professor  of  divinity  at  Gres- 
ham college,  one  of  the  translators  of  the  Bible,  died 
1606-7.  Thomas  Legge,  LL.D.,  fellow,  master  of 
Caius  college,  latin  dramatist,  died  1607.  Thomas 
Patenson,  archdeacon  of  Chichester,  died  1607.  John 


TRINITY   COLLEGE.  283 

Still,  master,  bishop  of  Bath  and  Wells,  died  1607-8. 
John  Sterne,  suffragan  bishop  of  Colchester,  died 
1607-8.  Sir  Edward  Stanhope,  LL.D.,  fellow,  chan- 
cellor of  the  diocese  of  London,  died  1607-8.  John 
Dee,  LL.D.,  fellow,  mathematician  and  alchemist, 
died  1608.  Richard  Bird,  D.D.,  fellow,  archdeacon 
of  Cleveland,  died  1609.  Sir  Ambrose  Forth,  LL.D., 
master  in  chancery  and  judge  of  the  prerogative  in 
Ireland,  died  1609-10.(o)  Gervase  Babington,  fellow, 
bishop  of  Worcester,  died  1610.  William  Farrand, 
LL.D.,  fellow,  master  in  chancery,  died  about  1610. 
Sir  Vincent  Skinner,  fellow,  one  of  the  secretaries 
to  the  great  lord  Burghley,  died  about  1611.  Jeremy 
Radcliffe,  D.D.,  fellow,  one  of  the  translators  of  the 
Bible,  died  1612.  Sir  Michael  Hicks,  fellow,  one  of 
lord  Burghley's  secretaries,  died  1612.  Sir  John 
Gibson,  LL.D.,  fellow,  judge  of  the  prerogative  court, 
died  1612-13.  Anthony  Rudd,  fellow,  bishop  of 
S.  David's,  died  1614-5.  Timothy  Bright,  M.D., 
medical  writer  and  inventor  of  short-hand,  died  1615. 
Andrew  Oxenbridge,  fellow,  public  orator,  died  1615. 
Thomas  Neville,  D.D.,  master,  dean  of  Canterbury, 
died  1615.  Thomas  Tomkis,  fellow,  dramatist, 
flourished  1615.  Luke  Chaloner,  D.D.,  fellow,  pro- 
fessor of  divinity  at  Dublin,  died  1615.  Philip 
Stubbe,  author  of  the  Anatomy  of  Abuses  and  other 
works,  died  about  1616.  Peter  Muffet,  fellow,  rector  of 
Fobbing,  Essex,  author  of  scriptural  commentaries, 
died  1617.  John  Hammond,  M.D.,  fellow,  physician 
to  James  I.,  flourished  1617.  Robert  Bennet,  fellow, 

(a)  Notices  of  the  foregoing  will  be  found  in  A  thence  Cantabrigienses, 
vols.  I.  and  II. 


284  TKINITY    COLLEGE. 

bishop  of  Hereford,  died  1617.  Robert  Tighe,  D.D., 
archdeacon  of  Middlesex,  one  of  the  translators  of 
the  Bible,  died  1617.  John  Layfield,  D.D.,  fellow, 
one  of  the  translators  of  the  Bible,  died  1617.  John 
Hunt,  LL.D.,  fellow,  master  in  chancery,  1592-1617. 
Anthony  Maxey,  D.D.,  dean  of  Windsor,  died  1618. 
Sir  Matthew  Carew,  LL.D.,  archdeacon  of  Norfolk  and 
master  in  chancery,  died  1618.  Ralph  Tunstal, 
fellow,  archdeacon  of  Northumberland,  died  1618-9. 
Charles  Fotherby,  D.D.,  fellow,  dean  of  Canterbury, 
died  1619.  John  Overall,  fellow,  bishop  of  Norwich, 
died  1619.  Martin  Fotherby,  fellow,  bishop  of  Salis- 
bury, died  1619-20.  Robert  Scott,  D.D.,  fellow,  dean 
of  Rochester  and  master  of  Clare  hall,  died  1620.  John 
Stanhope,  lord  Stanhope,  died  1620.  Richard  Carew, 
the  historian  of  Cornwall,  died  1620.  George  Ruggle, 
latin  dramatist,  died  1621.  Cuthbert  Norris,  D.D., 
fellow,  archdeacon  of  Sudbury,  died  1621.  John 
Bill,  D.D.,  fellow,  archdeacon  of  S.  Alban's,  died  1622. 
Giles  Fletcher,  fellow,  poet,  died  1623.  Richard 
Milbourne,  bishop  of  Carlisle,  died  1624.  Christopher 
Hampton,  fellow,  archbishop  of  Armagh,  died  1624-5. 
Robert  Johnson,  archdeacon  of  Leicester,  died  1625. 
Sir  William  Ingram,  LL.D.,  master  in  chancery  and 
author  of  collections  relative  to  the  university,  died 
1625.  Edward  Zouch,  lord  Zouch,  died  1625.  John 
Richardson,  D.D.,  master,  Regius  professor  of  divinity, 
one  of  the  translators  of  the  Bible,  died  1625. 
Abraham  Holland,  poet,  died  1625-6.  Francis  Bacon, 
viscount  S.  Albans,  lord  chancellor,  one  of  the  greatest 
of  philosophers,  died  1626.  Richard  Senhouse,  bishop 
of  Carlisle,  died  1626.  Henry  Holland,  author  of 


TRINITY    COLLEGE.  285 

Heroologia  and  other  works,  flourished  1626.  Sir 
John  Suckling,  comptroller  of  the  royal  household, 
died  1627.  Edward  Somerset,  earl  of  Worcester, 
lord  privy  seal,  died  1627-8.  John  Cotta,  M.D., 
physician  at  Northampton,  author  of  several  curious 
works,  flourished  1628.  Edmund  Suckling,  D.D.,  dean 
of  Norwich,  died  1628.  George  Villiers,  duke  of 
Buckingham,  K.G.,  lord  high  admiral  and  chancellor 
of  the  university,  assassinated  1628.  Leonard  Mawe, 
master,  bishop  of  Bath  and  Wells,  died  1629.  Thomas 
Dove,  archdeacon  of  Northampton,  died  1629.  Mat- 
thew Sutcliffe,  LL.D.,  fellow,  dean  of  Exeter,  an  able 
controversialist,  and  founder  of  Chelsea  college,  died 
1629.  Baptist  Hicks,  viscount  Campden,  died  1629. 
Sir  Eubule  Thelwall,  master  in  chancery  and  principal 
of  Jesus  college  Oxford,  died  1630.  Michael  Rabbet, 
one  of  the  translators  of  the  Bible,  died  1630.  Sir 
Thomas  Lake,  secretary  of  state,  died  1630.  Thomas 
Goldfinch,  fellow,  latin  poet,  died  1630.  Sir  Robert 
Bruce  Cotton,  antiquary,  died  1631.  John  Donne,  D.D., 
dean  of  S.  Paul's,  died  1631.  Samuel  Brooke,  D.D., 
master,  archdeacon  of  Coventry,  died  1631.  Thomas 
Harrison,  vicemaster,  one  of  the  translators  of  the 
Bible,  died  1631.  William  Hinton,  D.D.,  fellow, 
archdeacon  of  Coventry,  died  1631.  William  Bed- 
well,  fellow,  a  great  arabic  scholar  and  one  of  the 
translators  of  the  Bible,  died  1632.  Francis  Aungier, 
lord  Aungier,  master  of  the  rolls  in  Ireland,  died 

1632.  George   Herbert,    fellow,    sacred   poet,    died 
1632-3.     Nicholas  Steward,  LL.D.,   chancellor  of  the 
diocese  of  Norwich,  and  M.P.  for  the  university,  died 

1633.  Hugh  Holland,  poet  and  traveller,  died  1633. 


286  TRINITY    COLLEGE. 

Sir  Edward  Coke,  lord  chief-justice  of  the  king's 
bench,  died  1634.  Thomas  Randolph,  fellow,  poet, 
died  1634-5.  Sir  Robert  Naunton,  secretary  of  state, 
author  of  Fragmenta  Regalia,  died  1634-5.  Walter 
Travers,  fellow,  provost  of  Trinity  college,  Dublin, 
died  1636.  Philemon  Holland,  M.D.,  fellow,  famous 
for  his  numerous  translations,  died  1636.  John 
Holies,  earl  of  Clare,  died  1637.  Sir  Henry  Calthorpe, 
recorder  of  London,  author  of  Law  reports,  died 
1637.  John  Bowles,  fellow,  bishop  of  Salisbury, 
died  1637.  Richard  Hunt,  D.D.,  dean  of  Durham, 
died  1638.  Greorge  Horsey,  fellow,  dean  of  Ross, 
died  about  1639.  William  Alabaster,  D.D.,  fellow, 
hebrew  scholar  and  latin  dramatist,  died  1640.  Sir 
Henry  Spelman,  antiquary,  died  1641.  Sir  Robert 
Chester,  author  of  Love's  Martyr  and  other  poems, 
died  1641.  Thomas  Vincent,  fellow,  latin  dramatist, 
flourished  1641.  William  Warre,  D.D.,  fellow,  arch- 
deacon of  Leicester,  died  1641.  Sir  John  Suckling, 
poet,  died  about  1642.  Josias  Shute,  archdeacon  of 
Colchester,  author  of  numerous  sermons,  died  1643. 
Thomas  Mallory,  D.D.,  dean  of  Chester,  died  1644. 
Sir  John  Burroughs,  Garter  king  at  arms,  died  1644. 
Sir  John  Cooke,  secretary  of  state  and  M.P.  for  the 
university,  died  1644.  Lord  John  Stuart,  slain  at 
Brandene  righting  for  Charles  I.,  1645.  Lord  Ber- 
nard Stuart,  slain  at  Chester  fighting  for  Charles  I., 

1645.  Francis  Meres,   rector  of  Wing  in  Rutland, 
collector  of  Wit's  Commonwealth,  England's  Helicon, 
&c.,  died  1646.     Thomas  Howard,  earl  of  Arundel, 
the  great  collector  of  antiquities  and  works  of  art,  died 

1646.  Sir  Robert  Filmer,  political  writer,  died  1647. 


TEINITY    COLLEGE.  287 

Thomas  Coleman,  rector  of  S.  Peter  Cornhill,  Hebrew 
scholar  and  one  of  the  assembly  of  divines,  died  1 647. 
Thomas  Edwards,  author  of  Gangrsena,  died  1647. 
Robert  Sibthorpe,  fellow,  bishop  of  Limerick,  died 
1649.  John  Craven,  lord  Craven  of  Ryton,  founder 
of  the  classical  scholarships  at  Cambridge  and  Oxford, 
died  1650.  Edward  Simpson,  D.D.,  fellow,  rector 
of  Pluckley,  Kent,  author  of  various  classical  and 
theological  works,  died  1650.  Thomas  May,  poet  and 
historian  of  the  long  parliament,  died  1650.  Henry 
Peacham,  author  of  The  Complete  Gentleman  and 
numerous  other  works,  died  1650.  Sir  Richard  Lane, 
lord-keeper,  died  1650.  Sir  Richard  Weston,  baron 
of  the  exchequer,  died  1650-1.  William  Beale,  D.D., 
master  of  S.  John's  college,  died  1651.  Sir  Thomas 
Cademan,  M.D.,  physician  to  queen  Henrietta  Maria, 
died  1651.  Robert  Metcalfe,  D.D.,  fellow,  Regius  pro- 
fessor of  hebrew,  died  1652.  Theophilus  Buckworth, 
fellow,  bishop  of  Dromore,  died  1652.  Sir  Francis 
Nethersole,  fellow,  diplomatist  and  sometime  public 
orator,  died  1652.  Thomas  Hill,  D.D.,  master,  suc- 
cessively of  Emmanuel  and  this  college,  and  one  of 
the  assembly  of  divines,  died  1652.  John  Cotton, 
the  pious  minister  of  Boston  in  New  England,  and 
author  of  numerous  theological  works,  died  1652. 
Wolfgang  Meier,  professor  of  divinity  at  Basle,  died 
1653.  Thomas  Comber,  D.D.,  master,  dean  of  Carlisle, 
died  1653-4.  Abraham  Wheelock,  professor  of  arabic 
and  anglo-saxon,  died  1654.  Anthony  Topham, 
D.D.,  fellow,  dean  of  Lincoln,  died  1655.  James 
Stuart,  duke  of  Lenox  and  Richmond,  K.G.,  died  1655. 
Godfrey  Goodman,  fellow,  bishop  of  Gloucester,  died 


288  TRINITY    COLLEGE. 

1655-6.  William  Nicholls,  D.D.,  dean  of  Chester, 
died  1657.  Abraham  Colfe,  vicar  of  Lewisham  and 
founder  of  the  grammar  school  there,  died  1657.  John 
Hilton,  MUS.B.,  composer  of  sacred  and  secular  music, 
died  about  1658.  John  Arrowsmith,  D.D.,  master, 
successively  of  S.  John's  and  this  college  and  Regius 
professor  of  divinity,  died  1658-9.  Edward  Hyde, 
D.D.,  fellow,  author  of  several  theological  works,  died 
1659.  Edmund  Stubbe,  D.D.,  fellow,  latin  dramatist 
died  1659.  William  Fuller,  D.D.,  dean  successively 
of  Ely  and  Durham,  died  1659.  Hugh  Peters,  a 
well  known  political  character,  executed  1660.  George 
Fetter,  fellow,  author  of  a  Commentary  on  S.  Mark 
and  lectures,  died  about  1660.  Philip  Tenison,  D.D., 
archdeacon  of  Norfolk,  died  1660-1.  William  Peterson, 
D.D.,  fellow,  dean  of  Exeter,  died  1661.  Henry 
Feme,  master,  bishop  of  Chester,  died  1661-2. 
John  Middleton,  archdeacon  of  Gloucester,  died 
1661-2.  Jerome  Weston,  earl  of  Portland,  died 
1662.  Nathanael  Eaton,  first  president  of  Harvard 
college,  New  England,  flourished  1662.  John  Sher- 
man, D.D.,  fellow,  theologian  and  oriental  scholar, 
died  1663.  John  Quarles,  archdeacon  of  North- 
ampton, died  1664.  James  Valentine,  fellow,  Regius 
professor  of  greek,  died  1664.  Lord  Lodovick  Stuart, 
cardinal,  died  1665.  John  Carter,  D.D.,  fellow,  arch- 
deacon of  Chester,  died  1666.  Sir  Thomas  Rawdon, 
military  commander  and  diplomatist,  died  1666. 
Samuel  Winter,  D.D.,  provost  of  Trinity  college, 
Dublin,  died  1666.  Arthur  Jackson,  ejected  minister 
of  S.  Faith's,  London,  author  of  Annotations  on  the 
Bible,  died  1666.  Francis  Wilford,  D.D.,  fellow, 


* 


288 
16." 


dean   of  Che 
of  Lewisham 
.  died  1657.    John 

i 


and  I; 


id  Re 
•d  B 

' 


• 


and  lectures,  died  abo 

archdeacon  of  Norfolk,  died  rson, 

D.D.,    follow,   dean   of  Exeter,  .died    16 

Fem  ushop    of    Chester,    died    1661-2. 

John  'MidcUeton,     archdeacon    of   Glon 


Iftfi 


earl    o; 


of  8 
Bib 


on  thft 


TRINITY   COLLEGE.  201 

university,  executed  1685.  John  Pell,  D.D.,  mathe- 
matician, died  1685.  James  Manfield,  university 
librarian,  died  1685-6.  John  Pearson,  master,  bishop 
of  Chester,  died  1686.  David  Clarkson,  author  of 
works  in  defence  of  independency,  died  1686.  John 
Loosemore,  MUS.B.,  a  famous  organ  builder,  died 
1686.  Benjamin  Pulleyn,  fellow,  Regius  professor 
of  greek,  1674-86.  Charles  Cotton,  poet,  died  1687. 
Thomas  Jacomb,  D.D.,  ejected  minister  of  S.  Martin's 
Ludgate,  author  of  numerous  sermons,  died  1687. 
George  Villiers,  duke  of  Buckingham,  K.G.,  sometime 
chancellor  of  the  university,  died  1687.  Anthony 
Scattergood,  D.D.,  rector  of  Winwick  and  Yelvertoft, 
and  prebendary  of  Lincoln  and  Lichfield,  author  of 
scriptural  annotations  and  sermons,  died  1 687.  Chris- 
topher Monk,  duke  of  Albermarle,  E.G.,  chancellor 
of  the  university,  died  1688.  Nathaniel  Hodges,  M.D., 
an  able  physician,  author  of  a  latin  treatise  on  the 
plague,  died  1688.  Peter  Dent,  M.B.,  botanist,  died 
1689.  Thomas  Mace,  author  of  Musick's  Monument, 
died  about  1690.  Nathaniel  Lee,  poet,  died  1690. 
Walter  Needham,  M.D.,  physician  to  Charterhouse, 
a  great  anatomist,  died  1691.  Henry  Wells,  fellow, 
divinity  professor  at  Gresham  college,  1686-91. 
James  Arderne,  dean  of  Chester,  died  1691.  Payne 
Fisher,  poet,  died  1693.  Peter  Sam  ways,  D.D.,  fellow, 
rector  of  Bedale  and  Wath,  an  able  theologian,  died 
1693.  John  Templer,  D.D.,  fellow,  rector  of  Balsham, 
author  of  various  theological  treatises,  flourished  1694. 
Henry  Dove,  D.D.,  fellow,  archdeacon  of  Richmond, 
died  1694-5.  John  Allen,  fellow,  archdeacon  of 
Chester,  died  1695.  Michael  Payne,  fellow,  Regius 


292  TRINITY   COLLEGE. 

professor  of  greek,  died  1695.  Henry  Rider,  bishop 
of  Killaloe,  died  1695-6.  William  Perry,  fellow, 
professor  of  music  at  Gresham  college,  died  1696. 
Samuel  Scattergood,  fellow,  vicar  of  Blockley,  Wor- 
cestershire, author  of  numerous  sermons,  died  about 
1696.  Edward  Villiers,  brigadier-general,  died  1697. 
Sir  Thomas  Chicheley,  master-general  of  the  ordnance, 
died  1698.  Matthew  Barker,  ejected  minister  of 
S.  Leonard's  Eastcheap,  author  of  a  treatise  on 
natural  theology  and  of  other  works,  died  1698. 
William  Lynnett,  D.D.,  fellow,  latin  poet,  died  1699. 
William  Banks,  classical  scholar,  died  1699. 

Sir  Paul  Ricaut,  traveller,  diplomatist,  and  histo- 
rian, died  1700.  John  Ayloffe,  poet,  flourished  1700. 
Sir  Cresswell  Levinz,  justice  of  the  common  pleas, 
died  1700-1.  Roger  Meredith,  fellow,  master  in 
chancery  and  professor  of  law  at  Gresham  college, 
died  1700-1.  John  Dryden,  poet,  died  1701.  Sir 
William  Norres,  fellow,  ambassador  to  the  Great 
Mogul,  died  1702.  Thomas  Gale,  D.D.,  fellow,  dean 
of  York,  classical  scholar  and  antiquary,  died  1702. 
Oliver  Heywood,  author  of  numerous  theological 
works,  died  1702.  Anthony  Grey,  earl  of  Kent, 
died  1702.  William  Richard  George  Stanley,  earl 
of  Derby,  died  1702.  Sir  George  Oxenden,  LL.D., 
master  of  Trinity  hall  and  vicar-general  of  the  pro- 
vince of  Canterbury,  died  1702-3.  Edward  Jones, 
fellow,  bishop  of  S.  Asaph,  died  1703.  Samuel 
Pepys,  secretary  of  the  admiralty,  the  famous  book 
collector  and  diarist,  died  1703.  Samuel  Johnson, 
noted  for  his  political  writings  and  his  sufferings, 
died  1703.  Edward  Chamberlaine,  LL.D.,  author  of 


TRINITY    COLLEGE.  293 

Anglise  Notitia  and  other  works,  died  1703.  Sir 
Thomas  Millington,  M.D.,  president  of  the  college 
of  physicians,  died  1703-4.  Nicholas  Battely,  anti- 
quary, died  1704.  John  Ray,  fellow,  the  great 
naturalist,  died  1704-5.  Sir  Bevil  Granville,  governor 
of  Barbadoes,  died  1706.  Daniel  Price,  fellow,  dean 
of  S.  Asaph,  died  1706.  Thomas  Salmon,  author 
of  various  works  on  music,  died  1706.  John  Cutts, 
lord  Cutts,  military  commander,  died  1706-7.  Francis 
Gregory,  D.D.,  rector  of  Hambledon,  Bucks,  author 
of  theological  and  other  works,  died  1707.  Jeremiah 
White,  chaplain  to  Oliver  Cromwell,  died  1707. 
George  Stepney,  diplomatist  and  poet,  died  1707. 
Edward  Browne,  M.D.,  president  of  the  college  of 
physicians,  traveller  and  classical  scholar,  died  1708. 
John  Battely,  D.D.,  fellow,  archdeacon  of  Canterbury, 
antiquary,  died  1708.  Samuel  Collins,  M.D.,  fellow, 
author  of  a  treatise  on  anatomy,  died  1710.  Chris- 
topher Wyvill,  D.D.,  fellow,  dean  of  Ripon,  died 
1710-11.  Richard  Duke,  fellow,  poet,  died  1710-11. 
Charles  Wright,  D.D.,  fellow,  arabic  professor,  died 
1711.  Nicholas  Hookes,  poet,  died  1712.  John 
Laughton,  university  librarian,  died  1712.  Henry 
Sike,  LL.D.,  Regius  professor  of  hebrew,  died  1712. 
Samuel  Cobb,  master  of  Christ's  hospital,  poet,  died 
1713.  Edward  Wetenhall,  bishop  of  Kilmore,  died 
1713.  John  Francis  Vigani,  professor  of  chemistry, 
died  1713.  William  Spencer,  D.D.,  fellow,  editor 
of  Origen,  died  1713-4.  Walter  Pope,  M.D.,  poet 
and  classical  scholar,  died  1714.  Edward  Fowler, 
bishop  of  Gloucester,  died  1714.  Francis  Brokesby, 
fellow,  a  noted  nonjuror  and  able  writer,  died  1714. 


294  TRINITY    COLLEGE. 

Robert  Nelson,  a  learned  and  devout  writer,  died 
1714-5.  Charles  Montagu,  earl  of  Halifax,  fellow, 
statesman  and  poet,  died  1715.  Arthur  Pomeroy, 
D.D.,  fellow,  dean  of  Cork,  died  1716.  Roger 
Cotes,  fellow,  Plumian  professor,  a  great  mathe- 
matician and  astronomer,  died  1716.  Edward 
Felling,  D.D.,  fellow,  rector  of  Petworth  and  canon 
of  Westminster,  author  of  sermons  and  controver- 
sial works,  died  1718-9.  Wolfran  Stubbe,  D.D., 
fellow,  Regius  professor  of  hebrew,  died  1719.  John 
Turner,  D.D.,  vicar  of  Greenwich,  a  celebrated 
preacher,  died  1720.  Morris  Drake  Morris,  author 
of  collections  for  Athenae  Cantabrigienses,  died  about 
1720.  Charles  Montagu,  duke  of  Manchester,  high 
steward  of  the  university,  died  1721.  John  Mapletoft, 
D.D.,  a  learned  physician  and  divine,  died  1721. 
Charles  Montagu,  temporal  chancellor  of  Durham, 
died  1721.  John  Billingsley,  dissenting  minister 
in  London,  author  of  expositions  of  scripture  and 
sermons,  died  1722.  Edward  Montagu,  viscount 
Hinchinbrooke,  died  1722.  Robert  Uvedale,  D.D., 
fellow,  botanist,  died  1722.  Sir  James  Montagu, 
chief  baron  of  the  exchequer,  died  1722.  Anthony 
Grey,  earl  of  Harold,  died  1723.  Adam  Ottley, 
bishop  of  S.  David's,  died  1723.  John  Brookbank, 
LL.D.,  chancellor  of  the  diocese  of  Durham,  died 
1724.  John  Mandeville,  D.D.,  dean  of  Peter- 
borough, died  1724-5.  Henry  Boyle,  lord  Car- 
leton,  secretary  of  state,  died  1724-5.  Charles 
Whitworth,  lord  Whitworth,  fellow;  ambassador  to 
Russia,  died  1725.  Sir  Isaac  Newton,  fellow,  the 
great  philosopher,  died  1726-7.  Augustine  Bryan, 


TRINITY    COLLEGE.  295 

editor  of  Plutarch,  died  1727.  John  Rastrick, 
ejected  vicar  of  Kirkton  in  Holland,  Lincolnshire, 
and  afterwards  preacher  at  Lynn,  theologian  and 
antiquary,  died  1727.  Nathaniel  Spinckes,  a  bishop 
amongst  the  nonjurors,  and  author  of  devotional  and 
controversial  works,  died  1727.  John  Jones,  D.D., 
dean  of  Bangor,  died  1727.  John  Thane,  D.D., 
archdeacon  of  Chester,  died  1727.  John  Montagu, 
D.D.,  master,  dean  of  Durham,  died  1727-8.  Hugh 
Chamberlen,  M.D.,  a  celebrated  practitioner  in  mid- 
wifery, died  1728.  James  Talbot,  D.D.,  fellow, 
Regius  professor  of  hebrew,  died  1728.  William 
Ayloffe,  LL.D.,  fellow,  public  orator,  died  1728. 
Timothy  Goodwin,  archbishop  of  Cashel,  died  1729. 
Edmund  Miller,  fellow,  baron  of  the  exchequer  in 
Scotland,  died  1730.  Laurence  Eusden,  fellow,  poet, 
died  1730.  John  Han  way,  latin  and  english  poet, 
flourished  1730.  David  Humphreys,  D.D.,  fellow, 
author  of  an  historical  account  of  the  society  for 
the  propagation  of  the  gospel,  and  of  other  works, 
flourished  1730.  Samuel  Hadderton,  fellow,  university 
librarian,  1721-31.  Thomas  Parker,  earl  of  Maccles- 
field,  lord  high  chancellor,  died  1732.  Thomas  Rud, 
antiquary  and  grammarian,  died  1732-3.  Abraham 
Francke,  D.D.,  fellow,  antiquary,  died  1733.  Robert 
Creyghton,  fellow,  prebendary  of  Wells,  an  able 
composer  of  sacred  music,  died  1733-4.  John  Mor- 
gan, fellow,  professor  of  anatomy,  died  1733-4. 
George  Granville,  lord  Lansdown,  poet,  died 
1734-5.  George  Cuthbert,  fellow,  professor  of  ana- 
tomy, 1734-5.  Thomas  Loxdale,  vicar  of  Leek, 
Staffoiylshire,  author  of  large  collections  for  the 


296  TRINITY   COLLEGE. 

history  of  that  county,  flourished  1735.  William 
Thomas,  D.D.,  fellow,  historian  of  the  church  of 
"Worcester,  died  1738.  John  Durant  Breval,  fellow, 
diplomatist,  traveller  and  poet,  died  1738-9.  Francis 
Lockier,  D.D.,  fellow,  dean  of  Peterborough,  died 
1740.  Sir  Thomas  Parkyns,  author  of  a  treatise 
on  wrestling,  died  1740-1.  Thomas  Dibben,  D.D., 
latin  poet,  died  1741.  John  Walker,  D.D.,  fellow, 
archdeacon  of  Hereford,  classical  scholar,  died  1741. 
John  Blackbourne,  a  bishop  amongst  the  nonjurors, 
antiquary  and  controversialist,  died  1741.  John 
Le  Neve,  antiquary,  died  about  1741.  Thomas 
Bentley,  LL.D.,  fellow,  classical  scholar,  died  1742. 
Richard  Bentley,  D.D.,  master,  the  great  critic,  died 
1742.  William  Byrche,  LL.D.,  fellow,  chancellor  of 
the  diocese  of  Worcester,  died  about  1742.  William 
Shippen,  patriot,  died  1743.  Roger  Gale,  fellow, 
antiquary,  died  1744.  Algernon  Coote,  earl  of  Mon- 
traith,  died  1744.  Walter  Taylor,  fellow,  Regius 
professor  of  greek,  died  1744-5.  Beaupre  Bell, 
antiquary,  died  1745.  Nicholas  Clagett,  bishop  of 
Exeter,  died  1746.  Samuel  Knight,  D.D.,  the  bio- 
grapher of  Colet  and  Erasmus,  died  1746.  Leonard 
Welstead,  poet,  died  1746-7.  Vincent  Bourne,  fellow, 
latin  poet,  died  1747.  Robert  Butts,  bishop  of  Ely, 
died  1747-8.  Samuel  D'Oyly,  fellow,  one  of  the 
translators  of  Calmet's  Dictionary  of  the  Bible,  died 
1748.  Francis  Say,  royal  librarian,  an  accomp- 
lished scholar,  died  1748.  Charles  Seymour,  duke 
of  Somerset,  K.G.,  chancellor  of  the  university,  died 
1748.  Edward  Milward,  M.D.,  a  learned  writer  on 
the  history  of  medical  science,  flourished  1748. 


296  ,-JE. 

hist  1'ied   1735.      William 

Francis 
h,    died 
f  a  treatise 
n,  D.D., 


antiqu 


Richard  Berkley,  D.D.,  mr«  died 

1742.     William   BpoL 

the  diocJese  of  Worcester,  died  about  174 

Shippen,  .patriot,   died    1743.      Roger  Gale,  fellow, 

antiquary  f  di^d  1744.     Algernon  Coote,  earl  of 

traith,    died    if  44. 

|)rof( 

; 


'like 

1748.     i  i  'writer  on 

the    histor  :ied    1748. 


TRINITY    COLLEGE.  299 

Pearce,  fellow,  bishop  of  Rochester,  died  1774. 
Denison  Cumberland,  bishop  of  Kilmore,  died  1774. 
James  Kent,  organist  successively  of  this  college 
and  Winchester  cathedral,  a  good  composer  of  sacred 
music,  died  1776.  John  Allen,  fellow,  rector  of 
Torporley,  Cheshire,  antiquary,  died  1778.  William 
Fraigneau,  fellow,  Regius  professor  of  greek,  died 
1778.  Thomas  Newton,  fellow,  bishop  of  Bristol, 
died  1782.  Richard  Jackson,  founder  of  the  Jack- 
sonian  professorship,  died  1782.  Richard  Bentley, 
fellow,  dramatist  and  classical  scholar,  died  1782. 
Philip  Yonge,  fellow,  bishop  of  Norwich,  died  1783. 
Stephen  Whisson,  fellow,  university  librarian,  died 
1783.  Thomas  Francklin,  D.D.,  fellow,  Regius  pro- 
fessor of  greek,  translator  of  Sophocles,  Lucian,  and 
Phalaris,  died  1784.  Charles  Collignon,  M.D.,  pro- 
fessor of  anatomy,  died  1785.  Richard  Bentley,  D.D., 
fellow,  rector  of  Nailstone,  Leicestershire,  classical 
scholar,  died  1786.  Thomas  Brome,  fellow,  professor 
of  music  at  Gresham  college,  died  1786.  Thomas 
Robinson,  lord  Grantham,  diplomatist  and  statesman, 
died  1786.  William  Cooper,  D.D.,  fellow,  archdeacon 
of  the  west  riding  of  York,  died  1786.  James  Six, 
fellow,  classical  scholar,  linguist  and  poet,  died  1786. 
Robert  Garnham,  fellow,  master  of  the  school  at 
Bury  S.  Edmund,  biblical  critic,  died  1787.  John 
Baynes,  fellow,  politician,  biographer  and  antiquary, 
died  1787.  Paul  Henry  Maty,  fellow,  secretary  of 
the  royal  society,  critic  and  miscellaneous  writer, 
died  1787.  Charles  Manners,  duke  of  Rutland,  lord 
lieutenant  of  Ireland,  died  1787.  Thomas  Green, 
Woodwardian  professor,  died  1788.  William  Preston, 


300  TEINITY   COLLEGE. 

fellow,  bishop  of  Leighlin  and  Ferns,  died  1789. 
Michael  Lort,  D.D.,  fellow,  Regius  professor  of  greek, 
classical  scholar  and  antiquary,  died  1790.  Martin 
Madan,  chaplain  of  the  Lock  hospital,  a  celebrated 
preacher  and  writer,  died  1790.  Edmund  Burton, 
fellow,  translator  of  Persius  and  editor  of  Manilius, 
flourished  1790.  Samuel  Peck,  fellow,  antiquary, 
died  1791.  John  Montagu,  earl  of  Sandwich,  first 
lord  of  the  admiralty,  died  1792.  John  Sharp,  D.D., 
fellow,  archdeacon  of  Northumberland,  died  1792. 
Edward  Emily,  dean  of  Derry,  died  1792.  Sir 
William  Fordyce,  M.D.,  a  celebrated  London  physi- 
cian, author  of  various  professional  works,  died  1792. 
Benjamin  Cooke,  MUS.D.,  organist  of  Westminster 
abbey,  composer  of  sacred  and  secular  music,  died 
1793.  Thomas  Lloyd,  D.D.,  dean  of  Bangor,  died 
1793.  John  Hinchliffe,  master,  bishop  of  Peterborough, 
died  1794.  James  Bentham,  the  historian  of  the 
church  of  Ely,  died  1794.  Sir  Clifton  Wintringham, 
royal  physician,  a  learned  medical  author,  died  1794. 
Henry  Zouch,  antiquary,  poet,  and  writer  on  social 
science,  died  1795.  Samuel  Hayes,  fellow,  poet, 
died  about  1795.  John  Bampfylde,  poet,  died  1796. 
Anthony  Shepherd,  D.D.,  Plumian  professor,  died 
1796.  William  Henry  Lambton,  M.P.  for  Durham, 
died  1797.  Owen  Salusbury  Brereton,  antiquary, 
died  1798.  John  Tweddell,  fellow,  an  accomplished 
scholar  and  traveller,  died  1799. 

John  Warner,  D.D.,  classical  scholar  and  celebrated 
preacher,  died  1800.  Robert  Fowler,  fellow,  arch- 
bishop of  Dublin,  died  1801.  Sir  John  William 
Rose,  recorder  of  London,  died  1803.  William 


TRINITY    COLLEGE.  301 

Collier,  fellow,  Regius  professor  of  Hebrew,  died  1803. 
Richard  Pepper  Arden,  lord  Alvanley,  fellow,  master 
of  the  rolls,  died  1804.  Charles  Cooper,  D.D.,  fellow, 
archdeacon  of  the  west  riding  of  York,  died  1804. 
Hugh  Moises,  master  of  the  school  of  Newcastle 
upon  Tyne,  died  1805.  H.R.H.  William  Henry 
duke  of  Gloucester,  K.G.,  died  1805.  George  Cotton, 
LL.D.,  dean  of  Chester,  died  1805.  Thomas  Pownall, 
sometime  governor  of  South  Carolina,  antiquary  and 
political  economist,  died  1805.  William  Disney, 
D.D.,  fellow,  Regius  professor  of  hebrew,  died  1807. 
George  Atwood,  fellow,  mathematician  and  financier, 
died  1807.  Samuel  Smith,  LL.D.,  fellow,  master  of 
Westminster  school,  died  1808.  Richard  Person, 
fellow,  Regius  professor  of  greek,  the  great  classical 
scholar,  died  1808.  Edmund  Ayrton,  MUS.D.,  com- 
poser of  sacred  music,  died  1808.  Sir  Elijah  Impey, 
fellow,  chief-justice  of  Bengal,  died  1809.  Nevil 
Maskelyne,  D.D.,  fellow,  astronomer  royal,  died  1811. 
Richard  Cumberland,  fellow,  dramatist  and  essayist, 
died  1811.  Matthew  Raine,  D.D.,  fellow,  master  of 
Charterhouse  school,  classical  scholar,  died  1811. 
Henry  Revell  Reynolds,  M.D.,  a  celebrated  London 
physician,  died  1811.  Robert  Lucas,  D.D.,  rector 
of  Ripple,  Northamptonshire,  classical  scholar  and 
author  of  sermons,  died  1812.  Robert  Willan,  M.D., 
fellow,  a  distinguished  London  physician,  author  of 
professional,  theological,  and  antiquarian  works,  died 
1812.  Spencer  Perceval,  first  lord  of  the  treasury, 
assassinated  1812.  Thomas  Robinson,  fellow,  vicar 
of  S.  Mary's,  Leicester,  author  of  Scripture  Characters 
and  other  works,  died  1813.  John  Garnett,  D.D., 


302  TRINITY   COLLEGE. 

fellow,  dean  of  Exeter,  died  1813.  Spencer  Madan, 
fellow,  bishop  of  Peterborough,  died  1813.  James 
Scott,  D.D.,  fellow,  rector  of  Simonbourn,  political 
writer  and  poet,  died  1814.  John  Ord,  fellow,  master 
in  chancery,  died  1814.  Robert  Hudson,  MUS.B., 
composer  of  church  services  and  hymns,  died  1815. 
Thomas  Zouch,  D.D.,  fellow,  canon  of  Durham,  bio- 
grapher and  classical  scholar,  died  1815.  William 
Vincent,  D.D.,  fellow,  dean  of  Westminster,  author 
of  works  on  ancient  geography,  died  1815.  George 
Hardinge,  chief  justice  of  Brecon,  political  and  mis- 
cellaneous writer,  died  1816.  Richard  Watson,  fellow, 
bishop  of  Llandaff,  died  1816.  John  Davies,  fellow, 
university  librarian,  died  1817.  George  Ponsonby, 
sometime  lord  chancellor  of  Ireland,  died  1817.  John 
Fitzpatrick,  earl  of  Upper  Ossory,  died  1818.  John 
Strachey,  LL.D.,  fellow,  archdeacon  of  Suffolk,  editor 
of  the  Rolls  of  Parliament,  died  1818.  John  Porter, 
fellow,  bishop  of  Clogher,  died  1819.  George  Gretton, 
D.D.,  fellow,  dean  of  Hereford,  died  1820.  Edward 
Topham,  essayist,  dramatist,  and  biographer,  died 
1820.  William  Lort  Mansel,  master,  bishop  of 
Bristol,  died  1820.  Sir  Home  Riggs  Popham, 
admiral,  died  1820.  John  Henry  Smyth,  M.P.  for 
the  university,  died  1822.  Thomas  Lewis  O'Beirne, 
bishop  of  Meath,  died  1823.  Richard  Relhan,  botanist, 
died  1823.  James  Lambert,  fellow,  Regius  professor 
of  greek,  died  1823.  Thomas  Erskine,  lord  Erskine, 
lord  high  chancellor,  died  1823.  George  Gordon 
Noel  Byron,  lord  Byron,  poet,  died  1824.  Gerrard 
Andrewes,  D.D.,  fellow,  dean  of  Canterbury ,  died  1825. 
Peter  Paul  Dobree,  fellow,  Regius  professor  of  greek, 


TEINITY    COLLEGE.  303 

died  1825.  John  Wingfield,  D.D.,  fellow,  master  of 
Westminster  school,  died  1825.  John  Hellins,  vicar 
of  Potters  Pury,  Northamptonshire,  mathematician 
and  astronomer,  died  1827.  Legh  Richmond,  rector 
of  Turvey,  Bedfordshire,  author  of  the  Annals  of  the 
Poor,  died  1827.  William  Crawford,  D.D.,  fellow, 
archdeacon  of  Caermarthen,  died  1827.  Edward 
William  Barnard,  poet,  died  1828.  John  Joshua 
Proby,  earl  of  Carysfort,  died  1828.  Sir  Charles 
Harcourt  Chambers,  fellow,  chief  justice  of  Bom- 
bay, died  1828.  Edward  Dodwell,  author  of  a 
magnificent  work  on  Greece,  died  1828.  Roger 
Wilbraham,  fellow,  antiquary,  naturalist  and  book 
collector,  died  1829.  Edmund  Turnor,  antiquary, 
died  1829.  John  Crewe,  lord  Crewe,  died  1829. 
Edward  Thomas  Vaughan,  fellow,  rector  of  Foston 
and  vicar  of  S.  Mary's,  Leicester,  a  celebrated 
preacher,  died  1829.  Lord  Charles  Fitzroy,  military 
commander,  died  1829.  George  Walker,  fellow, 
master  of  Leeds  school,  died  1830.  Frederick  Malkin, 
fellow,  author  of  a  History  of  Greece,  died  1830. 
John  Ashburnham,  earl  Ashburnham,  died  1830. 
Edward  Mellish,  dean  of  Hereford,  died  1830. 
Henry  Lloyd,  D.D.,  fellow,  Regius  professor  of  he- 
brew,  died  1831.  Jonathan  Raine,  fellow,  justice  of 
North  Wales,  died  1831.  John  Clowes,  fellow,  Swe- 
denborgian  writer,  died  1831.  Sir  William  Anglin 
Scarlett,  chief  justice  of  Jamaica,  died  1831.  Samuel 
Matthews,  MUS.B.,  musical  composer,  died  1831. 
George  Crabbe,  poet,  died  1832.  Richard  Allott, 
D.D.,  fellow,  dean  of  Raphoe,  died  1832.  Edward 
Valpy,  master  of  Norwich  school,  died  1832.  Sir 


304  TRINITY   COLLEGE. 

Everard  Home,  a  distinguished  surgeon,  author  of 
numerous  professional  works,  died  1832.  John 
Brasse,  D.D.,  fellow,  editor  of  a  greek  Gradus  and 
plays  of  Sophocles,  died  1833.  George  Lamb,  trans- 
lator of  Catullus,  died  1834.  Joseph  Drury,  D.D., 
master  of  Harrow  school,  died  1834.  George  Heald, 
a  distinguished  equity  lawyer,  died  1834.  George 
John  Spencer,  earl  Spencer,  E.G.,  first  lord  of  the 
admiralty,  died  1834.  H.R.H.  William  Frederick 
duke  of  Gloucester,  K.G.,  chancellor  of  the  university, 
died  1834.  Thomas  James  Mathias,  fellow,  author 
of  The  Pursuits  of  Literature  and  other  works  in 
english  and  Italian,  died  1835.  William  Charles 
Wentworth-Fitzwilliam,  viscount  Milton,  died  1835. 
John  Bell,  fellow,  a  celebrated  equity  lawyer,  died 
1836.  John  Clarke  Whitfield,  MUS.D.,  professor  of 
music,  an  able  composer,  died  1836.  William  Frere, 
LL.D.,  master  of  Downing  college,  died  1836.  Edward 
Smedley,  poet,  historian,  biographer,  and  editor  of 
Encyclopedia  Metropolitana,  died  1836.  William 
Thomas  Petty-Fitzmaurice,  earl  of  Kerry,  died  1836. 
John  Pond,  astronomer  royal,  died  1836.  Sir 
Robert  Graham,  fellow,  baron  of  the  exchequer,  died 
1836.  William  Lax,  fellow,  Lowndean  professor, 
died  1836.  William  Owen,  fellow,  a  distinguished 
equity  lawyer,  died  1837.  Sir  Benjamin  Heath 
Malkin,  fellow,  judge  of  the  supreme  court,  Calcutta, 
died  1837.  Sir  William  Rough,  chief  justice  of 
Ceylon,  died  1838.  Hugh  James  Rose,  a  dis- 
tinguished preacher  and  theologian,  died  1838. 
Laurence  Dundas,  earl  of  Zetland,  died  1839. 
Edmund  Henry  Barker,  classical  scholar,  died  1839. 


surgeon,  autho 
died     1832. 
jk  Graduy 

h  Drury,  D.D., 
orge  Heald, 


he 


lie   Pursuits  of  Lite; 
eaglish    and   it; 

Wentworth-pitzwilimiL  $5 . 

John  Bell,- fellow,  a  celebrated  eqi 
1836.      John  Clarke ^Wliitnel4,  MUS.D.,  p 
music,  an;)al)le  composer,  died  1836.     William  Fr< 
LL.D.,  ma$&r  of  Downing  college,  died  1836.    Edward 
Smedley ,  «p6et, .  1 :  of 

183<> 


• 

a    dis- 
.1    1838. 

Laurence     LKmrt;**.    is.  d     1839. 

Edmund  Hi-  died  1839. 


TRINITY    COLLEGE.  307 

treasury,  died  1848.  Sir  Thomas  Coltnian,  fellow, 
justice  of  the  common  pleas,  died  1849.  William 
Makepeace  Thackeray,  M.D.,  a  celebrated  physician  at 
Chester,  died  1849.  James  Devereux  Hustler,  fellow, 
mathematician,  died  1849.  Walter  Davies,  welsh 
scholar,  died  1849.  John  Martin  Frederick  Wright, 
mathematician,  died  about  1849.  John  Mirehouse, 
common  serjeant  of  London,  died  1850.  John  Lodge, 
university  librarian,  died  1850.  Thomas  Kidd,  classical 
scholar,  died  1850.  Joshua  Eyland  Marshman,  pro- 
fessor of  law  at  University  college,  London,  died 

1850.  Spencer  Joshua  Alwyne  Compton,  marquess 
of  Northampton,  president  of  the  royal  society,  died 

1851.  Charles  Christopher  Pepys,  earl  of  Cottenham, 
lord    high    chancellor,     died     1851.      Bartholomew 
Frere,  plenipotentiary  at  Constantinople,  died  1851. 
Edward  Smith  Stanley,  earl  of  Derby,  K.G.,  zoologist, 
died   1851.     John  Elliot   Drinkwater    Bethune,   one 
of  the   council  of  India,    died    1851.     Jeffery   Hart 
Bent,    chief  justice   of  British    Guiana,    died    1852. 
Edward   Murray,    prebendary   of  S.    Paul's,  hebrew 
scholar,  died  1852.     Thomas  Gisborne,  many  years 
an  active  member   of  the   house   of  commons,  died 

1852.  Sir  James  Parker,  a  vice-chancellor  of  England, 
died   1852.      William    Thomas  Parr   Brymer,    arch- 
deacon of  Bath,  died  1852.     William  Empson,  pro- 
fessor of  law  at    Haileybury  college,   editor  of  the 
Edinburgh   Review,  died   1852.      Samuel  Lee,  D.D., 
Regius  professor  of  hebrew,  an  extraordinary  linguist, 
died  1852.      Edward  Rice,   D.D.,   master  of  Christ's 
hospital,  London,  died  1853.    Henry  Southern,  diplo- 
matist, editor  of  the  Retrospective  and  Westminster 

u2 


308  TRINITY   COLLEGE. 

Reviews,  died  1853.  Thomas  Kerchever  Arnold, 
fellow,  rector  of  Lyndon,  Rutland,  author  and  editor 
of  numerous  classical  educational  works,  died  1853. 
James  Scholefield,  fellow,  Regius  professor  of  greek, 
died  1853.  John  Gust,  earl  of  Brownlow,  died  1853. 
William  Hodge  Mill,  D.D.,  fellow,  Regius  professor 
of  hebrew,  a  great  Sanscrit  scholar,  died  1853. 
Charles  Vane,  marquess  of  Londonderry,  E.G.,  military 
commander,  died  1854.  David  Montagu  Erskine, 
lord  Erskine,  diplomatist,  died  1854.  Henry  Revell 
Reynolds,  chief  commissioner  of  the  insolvent  debtor's 
court,  died  1854.  George  Neville  Grenville,  dean 
of  Windsor  and  master  of  Magdalen  college,  died 

1854.  William  John  Bankes,  M.P.  for  the  university, 
died  1855.     William  Selwyn,   an  able  writer  on  the 
common   law,    died    1855.      Richard    Sheepshanks, 
fellow,   astronomer,  died  1855.     Sir  William.  Moles- 
worth,     secretary    of    state,    died    1855.      William 
Frederick   Chambers,    M.D.,    royal    physician,    died 

1855.  Julius  Charles  Hare,    fellow,   archdeacon  of 
Chichester,    theologian   and    classical    scholar,    died 
1855.     Henry  Lushington,  fellow,  chief  secretary  at 
Malta,    died    1855.     Henry   Goulburn,  M.P.   for  the 
university,    chancellor  of  the  exchequer,  died   1856. 
Thomas    Attwood    Walmisley,    professor    of    music, 
composer  of  sacred   and   secular  music,  died    1856. 
Hugh  Percy,  bishop  of  Carlisle,  died  1856.      Richard 
Wellesley   Rothman,    M.D.,    fellow,    registrar    of  the 
university  of  London,   died  1856.     Robert  Walpole, 
traveller   and    classical   scholar,    died    1856.      John 
Elijah  Blunt,  master  in  chancery,  died  1856.     James 
Henry  Monk,  fellow,  bishop  of  Gloucester  and  Bristol, 


TRINITY   COLLEGE.  309 

died  1856.  John  Henry  Manners,  duke  of  Rutland, 
K.G.,  died  1857.  William  Rowe  Lyall,  dean  of 
Canterbury,  died  1857.  John  Mitchell  Kemble,  saxon 
scholar,  died  1857.  George  Brimley,  essayist,  died 
1857.  Charles  James  Blomfield,  fellow,  bishop  of  Lon- 
don, died  1857.  Charles  William  Wentworth-Fitz- 
william,  earl  Fitzwilliam,  E.G.,  died  1857.  William 
John  Conybeare,  fellow,  theologian  and  essayist,  died 
1857.  Augustus  Stafford,  secretary  of  the  admiralty, 
died  1857.  George  Townsend,  D.D.,  canon  of  Durham, 
author  of  many  theological  and  other  works,  died 
1857.  Sir  William  Henry  Maule,  fellow,  justice  of 
the  common  pleas,  died  1858.  William  Spencer 
Cavendish,  duke  of  Devonshire,  K.G.,  died  1858. 
AVilliam  Stephen  Raikes  Hodson,  military  commander 
in  India,  died  1858.  Henry  Warburton,  an  active 
and  public  spirited  member  of  the  house  of  commons, 
died  1858.  George  Peacock,  D.D.,  fellow,  dean  of 
Ely,  Lowndean  professor,  mathematician,  died  1858. 
Charles  Valentine  Le  Grice,  author  of  numerous 
works,  died  1858.  Robert  Leslie  Ellis,  fellow,  mathe- 
matician and  linguist,  one  of  the  editors  of  lord 
Bacon's  philosophical  works,  died  1859.  Robert 
Pashley,  fellow,  traveller  and  classical  scholar,  died 
1859.  Charles  Augustus  Bennet,  earl  of  Tankerville, 
died  1859.  Henry  David  Erskine,  D.D.,  dean  of 
Ripon,  died  1859.  Sir  George  Thomas  Staunton, 
Chinese  scholar,  died  1859.  John  Fane,  earl  of 
Westmorland,  diplomatist,  military  commander  and 
musical  composer,  died  1859.  John  Higgs  Hunt, 
fellow,  translator  of  Tasso,  died  1859.  Sir  Richard 
Budden  Crowder,  justice  of  the  common  pleas,  died 


310  TRINITY   COLLEGE. 

1859.  Henry  Fitzroy,  first  commissioner  of  public 
works,  died  1859.  Crinus  Irwin,  archdeacon  of 
Ossory,  died  1859.  Thomas  Babington  Macaulay, 
lord  Macaulay,  fellow,  orator,  poet,  and  historian, 
died  1859,  Matthew  Talbot  Baines,  chancellor  of 
the  duchy  of  Lancaster,  died  1860.  Sir  Thomas 
Mackdougall  Brisbane,  governor  of  New  South  Wales, 
died  1860.  William  Forbes  Eaymond,  archdeacon 
of  Northumberland,  died  1860.  Andrew  Amos,  fellow, 
Downing  professor  of  law,  author  of  legal  and  his- 
torical works,  died  1860.  Thomas  Musgrave,  fellow, 
archbishop  of  York,  died  1860.  Henry  Pepys, 
bishop  of  Worcester,  died  1860.  Sir  Henry  George 
Wakelyn  Smith,  military  commander,  died  1860. 
Charles  Webb  Le  Bas,  fellow,  sometime  principal 
of  Haileybury  college,  an  able  preacher  and  biogra- 
pher, died  1861. 

BUILDINGS. — The  college  consists  of  four  courts, 
and  the  building  called  Bishop's  hostel.  The  courts 
known  respectively  as  the  old  or  great  court,  Neville's 
court,  and  new  court,  are  westward  of  Trinity  street, 
as  is  Bishop's  hostel ;  the  fourth  court,  called  the 
Master's  court,  being  on  the  eastern  side  of  the 
same  street. 

The  old  or  great  court,  the  most  spacious  and 
striking  quadrangle  in  either  university,  occupies 
an  area  of  two  acres  and  six  perches.  The  western 
side  is  three  hundred  and  fifty  feet,  the  eastern  three 
hundred  and  twenty,  the  southern  two  hundred  and 
ninety,  and  the  northern  two  hundred  and  sixty. 
On  the  western  side  is  the  master's  lodge,  the  hall, 
and  the  combination  rooms;  on  the  northern  the 


TRINITY    COLLEGE. 


PLAN    OF    THE    COLLEGE,    WESTWARD    OF    TRINITY    STREET. 


1.  The  Grsat  court. 

2.  Neville's  court. 

3.  New  court. 

4.  Entrance    to    Bowling- 
green. 

5.  Chapel. 

6.  Hall. 

7.  Library. 

8.  King's  gateway. 

9.  King  Edward's  tower. 


10.  Queen's  tower. 

11.  Master's  lodge. 

12.  Bishop's  hostel. 

13.  Stables. 

14.  Houses  between  college 
and  street. 

15.  Garden. 

16.  Bowling-green. 

17.  Lane  between  Trinity 
and  S.  John's  colleges. 


18.  S.  John's  old  bridge. 

19.  Trinity  bridge. 

20.  Garret  hostel  bridge. 

21.  Garret  hostel  lane. 

22.  Caius  college. 

23.  Green  street. 

24.  Trinity  street. 

25.  Brewhouse. 

26.  Back  entrance  to  Caius 
college. 


chapel ;  and  on  the   eastern   the   principal  entrance 
tower  called  the  King's  gateway. 

This  noble  and  elegant  tower,  which  formed 
part  of  King's  hall,  was  doubtless  erected  in  the 
reign  of  Edward  IV.,  as  the  royal  arms  on  the 
outer  or  eastern  front  are  supported  by  two  lions, 
and  no  other  monarch  used  those  supporters. (a) 

(a)  Although  the  supporters  of  Edward  IV.  are  used,  the  coat  was 
evidently  intended  for  Edward  III.  It  is  not  surrounded  by  the  garter, 
and  the  arms  of  France  are  semee  de  Us. 


312  TRINITY   COLLEGE. 

Underneath  are  the  arms  of  Koger  Rotheram, 
master  of  King's  hall,  1475-7.  On  either  side  of 
the  royal  arms  are  those  of  Edward,  prince  of 
Wales ;  Lionel,  duke  of  Clarence ;  John,  duke  of 
Lancaster ;  Edmund,  duke  of  York ;  and  Thomas, 
duke  of  Gloucester,  sons  of  Edward  III.,  with 
a  blank  escocheon  for  his  second  son  William  of 
Hatfield,  who  died  in  infancy.  In  a  niche  over 
the  gateway  is  a  statue  of  Henry  VIII.  On  the 
western  or  inner  side  of  the  tower  are  statues 
of  James  I. ;  Anne  of  Denmark,  his  queen ;  and 
their  son,  Charles  prince  of  Wales.  The  greater 
part  of  the  groining  of  the  gateway  has  been 
removed,  its  place  being  supplied  by  a  roof  of 
wood,  whereon  are  depicted  the  arms  of  all  the 
masters  of  the  college,  except  doctors  Hill  and 
Arrowsmith,(fl)  for  whom  there  are  blank  esco- 
cheons.(5) 

On  the  northern  side  of  the  court,  at  the  west 
end  of  the  chapel,  is  a  tower  gateway,  which  also 
formed  part  of  King's  hall,  anciently  communi- 
cating with  the  lane  near  S.  John's.  Over  this 

(a)  The  arms  depicted  on  the  monument  of  the  rev.  Thomas  Arrow- 
smith,  M.A.,  (Dr.  Arrowsmith's  grandson)  in  Starston  church,  Norfolk,  are  : 
Ermine,  on  a  cheveron  between  3  arrows  Sable,  5  pheons  Or. 

(6)  The  upper  rooms  in  this  tower  with  the  leads  over  the  same,  were 
by  a  college  order  dated  5th  of  February,  1706-7,  appropriated  to  the  use 
of  the  Plumian  professor  for  the  time  being.  Subsequently  an  observatory 
was  erected  on  the  leads.  It  was  finished  in  or  about  1717.  On  30th  of 
May,  1792,  the  Plumian  trustees  having  before  them  the  fact,  that  the, 
professor  had  not  occupied  the  rooms  for  above  fifty  years,  and  that  the 
observatory  and  the  instruments  belonging  to  it  were  dilapidated  and 
entirely  unfit  for  the  purposes  intended,  gave  up  all  claim  thereto,  and  in 
1797  this  memorial  of  Dr.  Bentley's  zeal  for  the  promotion  of  science  was 
pulled  down. — Newton  Correspondence,  ed.  Edleston,  200,  201. 


312 

- 

On  either 


A' AY- 


TRINITY    COLLEGE.  315 

by  Dr.  Neville,  after  whom  the  court  is  named,  and 
completed  towards  the  close  of  the  seventeenth  cen- 
tury principally  from  the  benefactions  of  sir  Thomas 
Sclater,  and  Humphrey  Babington,  D.D.,  fellows  of 
the  society. (a)  The  buildings  have  however  sub- 
sequently undergone  material  alteration  in  detail,  as 
may  be  seen  by  Loggan's  print:  "Area  nova 
Nevellensi  Colleg.  Trin.  Cant."  dedicated  to  Anthony 
earl  of  Kent. 

The  arcades  on  the  northern  and  southern  sides 
with  the  colonnade  under  the  library,  form  a  spacious 
and  commodious  cloister. 

The  sober  magnificence  of  this  court  excites 
general  admiration. 

The  new  court  erected  1823-6,  at  an  expence 
exceeding  £50,000,  from  the  design  of  William 
Wilkins,  B.A.,  contains  an  area  of  two  roods  seven 
perches.  The  northern  side  measures  one  hundred 
and  forty-eight  feet,  the  southern  one  hundred  and 
fifty,  and  the  eastern  and  western  one  hundred 
and  sixty  each. 

On  the  eastern  and  western  sides  are  gateway 
towers,  and  on  the  northern  a  small  cloister  com- 
municates with  Neville's  court,  and  connects  two 
projections  the  angles  of  which  are  finished  with 
turrets.  In  the  space  over  this  cloister  is  a  richly 
decorated  niche,  and  on  the  opposite  side  of  the 
court  on  either  side  of  an  oriel  window  are  smaller 
niches,  having  over  each  a  rose  and  crown  boldly 
sculptured. 

The  elegant  front  towards  the  walks  is  of  Ketton 

(a)  See  p.  273. 


316  TKINITY   COLLEGE. 

stone,  but  unfortunately  in  the  rest  of  the  structure, 
stucco  has  been  employed. 

Bishop's  hostel,  of  which  we  have  given  a  view,(a) 
needs  no  particular  description. 

The  Master's  court,  erected  1859-60,  is  faced  with 
stone  both  externally  and  internally.  The  front 
towards  Trinity  street  has  a  handsome  tower  entrance, 
with  an  oriel  window,  and  at  the  north-west  angle  is 
a  turret  supported  by  a  bold  angel  corbel.  The  front 
towards  All  Saints'  passage,  though  irregular,  has 
also  a  pleasing  effect.  The  architect  was  Mr.  Salvin. 
In  a  niche  at  the  summit  of  the  tower  in  Trinity 
street  are  the  arms  of  Dr.  Whewell,  the  present  master, 
at  whose  charge  the  structure  has  been  erected. 

THE  CHAPEL(J)  was  commenced  in  the  reign  of 
queen  Mary,  and  completed  in  the  early  part  of  that 
of  Elizabeth.  At  the  west  end  is  inscribed : 

Anno  1564. 
Domvs  mea  domvs  orationis  vocabitvr. 

At  this  end  is  a  good  perpendicular  window  of 
nine  lights,  but  it  is  unfortunately  blocked  up  by 
the  altar. 

The  structure  consists  of  embattled  walls,  sup- 
ported at  irregular  intervals  by  finialed  buttresses, 
producing  a  corresponding  irregularity  in  the  dis- 
position of  the  plain  and  obtusely  arched  lateral 
windows. 

Internally  the   chapel  is  two   hundred  and  four 

(a)  See  p.  250. 

(b)  It  is  said  to  occupy  the  site  of  the  chapel  of  King's  hall,  but  it  is  not  by 
any  means  certain  that  there  was  a  chapel  to  that  hall,  the  members  of 
which  undoubtedly  at  one  period  used  the  church  of  All  Saints'  for  divine 
service. 


316 

stoi 


*est  of  thb 


any  nn 
which 


-  ciivirn 


1    '  '  "•  i  '••'       '  ".  i  . 


TRINITY   COLLEGE.  319 

On  the  walls  on  either  side  of  the  altar  are 
large  paintings  of  our  Saviour,  S.  John  the  Baptist, 
S.  Mary,  and  S.  Elizabeth,  executed  when  the  choir 
was  refitted  in  the  reign  of  queen  Anne.  Some 
are  of  opinion  that  these  paintings,  which  were  re- 
cently renewed,  possess  great  merit. 

The  large  silver  candlesticks  on  the  altar  were 
given  in  1773  by  two  brothers,  Edward  Smith 
Stanley,  M.A.,  and  Thomas  Smith  Stanley,  M.A.,  both 
of  this  college,  and  sons  of  James  lord  Strange,  eldest 
son  of  Edward  earl  of  Derby. 

On  the  pavement  of  the  choir  which  is  of  black 
and  white  marble  in  alternate  squares,  are  inscrip- 
tions in  memory  of  Richard  Bentlcy,  D.D.,  master, 
14  July,  1742,  set  81;  Robert  Smith,  D.D.,  master, 
2  February,  1768,  set  79 ;  and  William  Lort  Hansel, 
D.D.,  bishop  of  Bristol,  master,  born  4  non.  Apr. 
1753,  died  5  cal.  Jul.  1820. 

At  the  western  end  of  the  ante-chapel  is  Roubiliac's 
noble  statue  of  sir  Isaac  Newton, (a)  (presented  to  the 


(a)  Chantrey  says  :  "  The  Sir  Isaac  Newton  is  the  noblest,  I  think,  of  all 
our  English  statues.  There  is  an  air  of  nature,  and  a  loftiness  of  thought 
about  it,  which  no  other  artist  has  in  this  country,  I  suspect,  reached. 
You  cannot  imagine  any  thing  grander  in  sentiment,  and  the  execution  is 
every  way  worthy  of  it." — Allan  Cunningham's  Lives  of  British  Painters, 
Sculptors  and  Architects,  iii.  52. 

"The  statue  of  Newton  in  Trinity  College  Chapel,  when  first  completed, 
had  the  mouth  closed.  Some  friend  and  connoiseur  having  come  to  the 
artist's  studio  to  view  the  work,  immediately  remarked  this  as  a  defect,  and 
expressed  his  opinion  to  the  artist.  Roubiliac  went  to  bed,  but  could  not 
sleep  :  he  rose  early,  set  to  work,  and  made  it  what  it  is  at  present;  and 
certainly  the  result  of  this  bold  experiment  is  admirable.  The  good  taste 
of  the  artist  was  not  greater  than  his  candour  in  admitting  an  error  in  that 
stage  of  his  work,  or  more  remarkable  than  the  confidence  which  he  pos- 
sessed in  his  own  hkill  to  correct  it." — Cambridge  Portfolio,  204. 


320  TRINITY   COLLEGE. 

college   in   1755,   by    Dr.    Robert    Smith,    master). 
On  the  pedestal  is  inscribed : 

NEWTON 
Qui  genus  liumanum  ingenio  superavit.^ 

On  the  northern  side  of  the  choir  entrance  is 
a  statue  by  H.  Weekes,  of  lord  Bacon,  presented 
by  Dr.  Whewell,  master,  in  1845,  and  having  on  the 
pedestal  the  following  inscription : 

Franciscvs  Bacon 
Baro  de  Vervlam  Sti.  Albani  Vicecomea 

Sev  Notioribus  Titvlis 
Scientiarvm  Lumen  Facvndise  Lex 

Sic  Sedebat. 

Qui  Postqvam  Omnia  Natvralis  Sapientiae 

Et  Civilis  Arcana  Evolvisset 

Natvrae  Decretvm  Explevit 

Composita  Solvantur 

An0.  IK  M.DC.XXVI 

^Etats.  LXVI. 

A  letter  from  lord  Bacon  to  the  college  is  in- 
scribed on  another  side  of  the  pedestal. 

On  the  opposite  side  of  the  choir  entrance  is  a 
statue  by  Noble,  of  Dr.  Isaac  Barrow,  master,  the 
munificent  gift  of  the  marquess  of  Lansdowne.  The 
inscription  is  as  follows : 

Isaacus  Barrow 

Vir  Suo  Tempori 

Pietatis  Probitatis  Fidei  Eruditionis 

Modestiae  Suavitatis  Exemplum ; 

Professor  Matheseos  In  Hac  Academia 

Et  Eo  Quidem  Nomine  Newtoni  Antecessor 

Sed  Meliore  Titulo  Ob  Prseclara  Sua 

Inventa  Mathematica ; 
Theologus  Argumentorum  Gravitate 

(«)  Lucretius. 


320 

colic  by    DJ-  t    Smith, 


. 


torum  Gi 


Nn-y  ' 


TRINITY   COLLEGE.  323 

Hon.  Charles  Fox  Maitland,  M.A.  youngest  son  of  John 
earl  of  Lauderdale,  15  cal.  Jan.  1818,  aet.  24.  Two  sorrowing 
angels  exquisitely  sculptured  by  Westmacott. 

James  Lambert,  M.A.  senior  fellow,  Regius  professor  of 
greek,  born  11  March,  1741-2,  died  28  April,  1823.  Buried  in 
the  parish  church  of  Fersfield,  Norfolk. 

Peter  Paul  Dobree,  M.A.  fellow,  Regius  professor  of  greek, 
born  in  Guernsey,  died  1825,  set.  43.  Bust  by  Baily.  Inscrip- 
tion by  bishop  Kaye. 

Samuel  Hawkes,  M.A.  sometime  fellow,  died  at  Antigua, 
11  March,  1829,  aet.  35. 

Frederick  Malkin,  M.A.  fellow,  10  cal.  Jun.  1830,  aet.  29. 

Thomas  Kynaston  Selwyn,  B.A.  scholar,  3  non.  Jul.  1834, 

33t.  22. 

Richard  Stevenson,  M.A.  fellow,  born  at  Barton,  Notting- 
hamshire, 14  cal.  Nov.  1811,  died  there  4  cal.  Dec.  1837. 
Buried  at  Barton. 

John  Wordsworth,  M.A.  fellow,  son  of  Christopher  Words- 
worth, D.D.,  master,  and  nephew  of  William  Wordsworth  the 
great  poet,  born  cal.  Jul.  1805,  died  prid.  cal.  Jan.  1840.  Bust 
by  H.  Weekes. 

Richard  Sheepshanks,  M.A.  fellow,  born  30  Jul.  1794,  died 
14  Aug.  1855.  Bust  by  Foley. 

Arthur  Thacker,  [M.A.  fellow],  25  Jan.  1857,  aet.  43. 

There  was  also  formerly  against  the  north  wall 
of  the  antechapel  a  large  monument  to  Thomas 
Seckford,  student  (son  and  heir  of  sir  Thomas 
Seckford,  knight,  and  lady  Anne,  his  wife,  and 
grandson  of  Henry  Seckford,  esq.),  26  June,  1624, 
set.  16.  On  this  monument,  now  placed  in  the 
vestry,  and  hidden  behind  a  frame  for  surplices, 
is  the  recumbent  figure  of  the  deceased  in  a  fellow 
commoner's  gown,  under  a  canopy  supported  by 
Corinthian  columns,  and  adorned  with  coats  of  arms, 
pyramids,  allegorical  figures,  and  other  embellishments. 

X2 


324  TRINITY   COLLEGE. 

Four  of  the  windows  of  the  antechapel  are  filled 
with  stained  glass. 

The  upper  lights  of  the  second  window  from  the 
west  on  the  south  side  represent  the  woman  at  the 
well  of  Samaria.  This  is  in  commemoration  of 
Richard  Pike  Mate,  M.A.  fellow,  vicar  of  "Wymes- 
would,  Leicestershire,  born  11  Mar.  1818,  died 
6  Jul.  1856.  The  lower  lights,  which  represent 
Mary  at  the  sepulchre,  commemorate  Robert  Leslie 
Ellis,  M.A.  fellow,  born  25  Aug.  1817,  died  12 
May,  1859. 

The  upper  lights  of  the  third  window  from  the 
west  on  the  south  side  represent  the  calling  of 
James  and  John,  in  commemoration  of  James 
Hemery,  M.A.  fellow,  dean  of  Jersey,  who  died 
22  Nov.  1849,  set.  35.  The  lower  lights  contain 
Martha  and  Mary,  in  honour  of  George  Herbert, 
the  poet,  fellow  of  this  college,  and  public  orator 
of  the  university.  Herbert  is  represented  in  atten- 
dance on  our  Saviour,  and  underneath  are  the  fol- 
lowing lines: 

Whereas  my  birth  and  spirit  rather  took 

The  way  that  takes  the  town ; 
Thou  didst  betray  me  to  a  lingering  book, 

And  wrap  me  in  a  gown. 

Yet,  for  I  threaten'd  oft  the  siege  to  raise, 

Not  simpering  all  mine  age, 
Thou  often  didst  with  Academic  praise 

Melt  and  dissolve  my  rage.(°) 

The  fourth  window  from  the  west  on  the  south 
side,  which  contains  figures  of  S.  Peter,  S.  Andrew, 

(a)  The  Temple,  xvin.     Affliction. 


TRINITY   COLLEGE.  325 

S.  James,  S.  John  the  Evangelist,  S.  Matthew,  S. 
Mark,  S.  Luke,  and  S.  John  the  Baptist,  is  in 
commemoration  of  the  following  deceased  fellows : 

John  Henry  Kenouard,  M.A.  [vicemaster]  1830,  get.  71. 
Robert  Hodgson  Greenwood,  M.A.  5  Dec.  1839,  aet.  70. 
Alexander  Frederick  Merivale,  M.A.  11  June,  1841,  set.  26. 
Alexander  Chishokn  Gooden,  B.A.  22  Aug.  1841,  set.  23. 
Henry  Goulburn,  M.A.  8  June,  1843,  jet.  30. 
George   Adam  Browne,   M.A.   [vicemaster]  4  July,    1843, 
set.  68. 

Duncan  Farquharson  Gregory,  M.A.  23  Feb.  1844,  aet.  30. 
William  Joseph  Bayne,  M.D.  born  1796,  died  13  June,  1844. 

The  third  window  from  the  west  on  the  north 
side  contains  in  the  upper  lights  the  marriage  at 
Cana  in  Galilee,  commemorative  of  the  marriage 
of  Dr.  Whewell,  master,  and  lady  Affleck,  1  July, 
1858. 

Choral  service  is  performed  in  this  chapel  on 
Sundays  and  holidays.  In  full  term,  by  candle- 
light, the  effect  is  particularly  grand  and  impres- 
sive. 

THE  HALL  is  nearly  one  hundred  and  two  feet 
in  length,  forty  feet  three  inches  in  breadth,  and 
about  fifty-six  feet  in  height.  It  is  a  striking 
structure,  although  not  free  from  the  architectural 
anomalies  which  characterise  the  general  decline  of  the 
gothic  style.  It  is  supported  by  buttresses.  On  either 
side  towards  the  northern  end  is  a  bay  window  of 
noble  proportions. 

In  the  high  open  roof  of  timber  is  a  good  and 
lofty  louvre,  underneath  which  in  the  winter  season 
a  charcoal  fire  is  still  burnt. 


336 


TRINITY   COLLEGE. 


HALL   AND   COMBINATION    ROOMS    (FROM    LOGGAN). 


At  the  southern  end  is  an  elaborately  carved 
screen  (over  which  is  a  gallery).  Wainscoting  of 
a  similar  description,  though  much  plainer,  surrounds 
the  sides  and  northern  end  of  the  apartment. (a) 

The  following  full-length  portraits  are  suspended 
at  the  northern  end  and  on  either  side  of  the  hall : 


Presented  by  Samuel 
Presented  by 


Sir  Isaac  Newton,  by  Valentine  Rltz. 
Knight,  M.A.  fellow,  1752. 

Dr.  Barrow,  master,  copy  by  T.  Hudson. 
Edmund  D.  Garforth/*)  1752. 

Dr.  Robert  Smith,  master,  by  J.  Freeman.  Bequeathed  by 
Edward  Howkins,  B.D.  fellow,  1779. 

Cowley,  copy  by  Stephen  Slaughton.  Presented  by  the 
lion.  Thomas  Townshend,  M.P.  1752. 

Bishop  Pearson,  copy  by  Isaac  Whood,  1752. 

(a)  Andrew  Chapman  was  the  artificer  employed  to  wainscot  the 
hall,  1604. 

(6)  This  gentleman  who  had  been  a  fellow  of  the  college  was  named 
Dring  until  1746,  when  he  assumed  that  of  Garforth  on  succeeding  to  the 
estates  of  his  maternal  uncle  William  Garforth,  esq.  He  was  in  holy  orders, 
and  dying  6  Feb.  1761,  set.  60,  was  buried  in  S.  Martin's  Micklegate,  York. 


TKINITY   COLLEGE.  327 

John  Ray,  copy  by  T.  Hudson.  Presented  by  Richard 
Ray,  esq.  1752. 

Sir  Edward  Coke,  copy  by  Isaac  Whood.  Presented  by 
Thomas  earl  of  Leicester,  1752. 

Thomas  earl  of  Macclesfield,  lord  high  chancellor.  Pre- 
sented by  George  earl  of  Macclesfield,  1752. 

Jeremy  Radcliffe,  D.D.  Presented  by  Ralph  Radcliffe, 
esq.  1762. 

Sir  Henry  Spelman,  copy  by  Isaac  Whood.  Presented  by 
John  Colbatch,  B.D.  1752. 

William,  lord  Russell,  copy  by  Isaac  Whood.  Presented 
by  John  duke  of  Bedford,  1753. 

Bishop  Wilkins,  copy  by  Isaac  Whood. 

John  Dryden,  copy  by  T.  Hudson.  Presented  by  Roger 
Pettiward,(a)  D.D.  fellow,  1753. 

Prince  William  Frederick  of  Gloucester,  set.  6,  (afterwards 
duke  of  Gloucester),  by  Reynolds.  Bequeathed  by  the  Princess 
Sophia  of  Gloucester. 

Dr.  Bentley,  master,  by  T.  Hudson.  Presented  by  Edmund 
D.  Garforth,  1749. 

Lord  Bacon.    Presented  by  Samuel  Knight,  M.A.  fellow,  1752. 

Busts  of  the  ancients  are  placed  on  brackets  on 
the  sides  of  the  hall. 

There  are  numerous  coats  of  arms(6)  in  the  windows. 

(a)  Formerly  Mortlock. 

(6)  Amongst  them  are  the  arms  of:  archbishop  Bancroft;  William  John 
Bankes,  esq.  M.P.  ;  sir  Francis  Barrington;  Isaac  Barrow,  M.D. ;  Henry 
Bellasis,  esq.  of  Newborough;  bishop  Blomfield;  sir  William  Holland  ; 
John  Brown,  M.A. ;  William  Spencer  Cavendish,  duke  of  Devonshire ; 
Robert  Cecil,  earl  of  Salisbury;  sir  Gervase  Clifton,  bart.;  sir  —  Clifton, 
knt.  (fellow  commoner,  1567) ;  sir  Edward  Coke ;  Charles  lord  Compton ; 
Spencer  J.  A.  Compton,  marquess  of  Northampton  ;  John  Singleton  Copley, 
lord  Lyndhurst;  John  Cust,  earl  of  Brownlow;  sir  John  Cutts;  Henry 
Darley,  esq. ;  Laurence  Dundas,  earl  of  Zetland ;  sir  Thomas  Egerton, 
afterwards  viscount  Brackley;  Sylvius  Elwes,  M.A. ;  Thomas,  lord  Erskine; 
Henry  Petty-Fitzmaurice,  marquess  of  Lansdowne  ;  Augustus  Henry 
Fitzroy,  duke  of  Grafton ;  lord  Charles  Fitzroy ;  George  Henry  Fitzroy, 
earl  of  Boston,  afterwards  duke  of  Grafton  ;  lord  Henry  Fitzroy ;  Martin 
Fotherby,  D.D.  afterwards  bishop  of  Salisbury ;  John  Furtho,  M.D.  ;  Thomas 


328  TKINITY   COLLEGE. 

One  window  also  contains  an  ancient  full-length 
figure  of  Richard  duke  of  York.  In  another  is  a 
small  portrait  of  queen  Anne. 

From  the  large  number  of  the  members  of  the 
college,  this  spacious  hall  has  been  for  some  years 
past  found  insufficient  to  allow  the  whole  society 
to  dine  at  the  same  time. 

THE  COMBINATION  ROOMS  southward  of  the  hall, 
are  handsome  well-arranged  apartments. 

In  the  larger  of  them  are  the  following  portraits : 

Sir  Isaac  Newton,  by  Murray. 

H.K.H.  William  Frederick  duke  of  Gloucester,  by  Opie. 

Furtho;  H.R.H.  William  Frederick,  duke  of  Gloucester;  sir  John  Gray, 
knt. ;  sir  Fulke  Greville,  afterwards  lord  Brooke;  John  Hammond,  M.D., 
1618;  sir  Percival  Hart;  Martin  Heton,  bishop  of  Ely;  John  Higgs,  B.D., 
senior  fellow ;  bishop  Hinchliffe ;  Robert  Hitch,  D.D. ;  Henry  Howard,  earl 
of  Northampton;  sir  Robert  Jermyn;  sir  Thomas  Lake;  William  Lamb, 
viscount  Melbourne ;  Ralph  J,  Lambton,  esq. ;  William  Henry  Lambton, 
esq. ;  James  Prince  Lee,  bishop  of  Manchester;  Thomas  Legge,  LL.D. ; 
Richard  Lovelace,  1605;  William  Lowther,  esq.;  William  Lowther,  earl  of 
Lonsdale ;  lord  Lyttleton ;  John  Henry  Manners,  duke  of  Rutland ;  Thomas 
Metcalfe;  John  Millicent,  esq.,  1599;  bishop  Monk;  archbishop  Musgrave ; 
Richard  Newbon,  B.D.,  senior  fellow ;  sir  James  Parke,  now  lord  Wensley- 
dale ;  Thomas  Parker,  earl  of  Macclesfield ;  Thomas  Holies  Pelham,  duke 
of  Newcastle;  Charles  Perry,  bishop  of  Melbourne;  Samuel  Peck,  M.A., 
senior  fellow ;  Charles  Christopher  Pepys,  earl  of  Cottenham ;  right  hon. 
William  Pitt ;  sir  Thomas  Joshua  Platt,  baron  of  the  exchequer ;  sir 
Frederick  Pollock,  chief  baron  of  the  exchequer;  John  Jeffreys  Pratt,  mar- 
quess of  Camden :  William  Roberts,  D.D.  fellow ;  sir  Robert  Monsey  Rolfe, 
now  lord  Cranworth;  Thomas  Spring-Rice,  lord  Monteagle;  Francis 
Russell,  second  earl  of  Bedford;  George  John  earl  Spencer;  Thomas 
Spencer,  M.A.,  senior  fellow;  sir  Edward  Stanhope,  LL.D.J  sir  Michael 
Stanhope ;  lord  Stawel ;  bishop  Still ;  Charles  Richard  Sumner,  bishop  of 
Winchester;  Charles  Manners  Sutton,  viscount  Canterbury;  H.R.H. 
Frederick  Augustus,  duke  of  Sussex ;  Thomas  Tharp,  esq.  fellow  commoner, 
1756;  Connop  Thirlwall,  bishop  of  S.  David's;  William  Thornhill,  M.A. 
fellow;  Edmund  Thorold,  esq.;  sir  Nicholas  Conyngham  Tindal;  Dr. 
Whewell,  master;  Joseph  Cotton  AVigram,  bishop  of  Rochester;  sir  John 
Williams ;  George  Willmer,  esq. ;  Dr.  Wordsworth,  master ;  sir  Robert 
Wroth;  and  Philip  Yorke,  third  earl  of  Hardwicke. 


TRINITY   COLLEGE.  329 

•  The  marquess  of  Camden,  chancellor  of  the  university,  by 
Lawrence. 

John  marquess  of  Granby,  by  Reynolds.  Presented  by  his 
son  Charles  marquess  of  Granby,  afterwards  duke  of  Rutland. 

H.R.H.  Frederick  Augustus,  duke  of  Sussex,  by  Lonsdale. 

George  Henry  duke  of  Grafton,  1814,  by  Lawrence. 

Charles  Montagu,  earl  of  Halifax,  by  Kneller. 

Charles  duke  of  Somerset,  copy  by  Dance.  Presented  by 
Charles  marquess  of  Granby,  afterwards  duke  of  Rutland. 

The  chandelier  was  presented  in  1809  by  Charles 
Shaw  Lefevre,(a)  esq.,  sometime  fellow. 

In  the  smaller  combination-room  are  portraits  of : 

Isaac  Hawkins  Browne,  by  Highmore. 

Queen  Victoria.  On  ivory,  by  sir  William  Ross,  R.A.  Pre- 
sented by  Charles  Bayles  Broadley,  LL.D.,  1847. 

Dr.  Neville,  master. 

Thomas  Sclater  King,  esq. 

Dr.  Preston,  bishop  of  Leighlin  and  Ferns. 

Jonathan  Raine,  esq. 

Sir  Isaac  Newton,  by  Vanderbank.  Presented  by  Dr. 
Robert  Smith,  master,  1766. 

Matthew  Raine,  D.D. 

James  Jurin,  M.D. 

Rev.  Thomas  Jones,  M.A. 

Rev.  Adam  Sedgwick,  M.A.,  Woodwardian  professor,  by 
Boxall. 

Rev.  James  Lambert,  M.A.,  Regius  professor  of  greek,  by 
Daniel  Gardner. 

H.R.H.  the  Prince  Consort,  chancellor  of  the  university. 
On  ivory,  by  sir  William  Ross,  E.A.  Presented  by  Dr.  Broadley, 
1847. 

Over  the  door  is  a  bust  of  bishop  Thirlwall,  be- 
queathed by  archdeacon  Hare. 

(a)  Mr.  Lefevre,  who  was  for  several  years  M.r.  for  Reading,  graduated 
as  Shaw.  He  died  27  April,  1823. 


330 


TRINITY   COLLEGE. 


PIAZZA   UNDER   LIBRAEY. 


THE  LIBEAEY. — The  old  library,  which  was  on 
the  northern  side  of  the  great  court,  between  king 
Edward's  tower  and  the  master's  lodge,  being  found 
insufficient  to  contain  the  numerous  volumes  acquired 
by  the  society,  it  was  in  Dr.  Barrow's  mastership 
resolved  to  erect  a  more  spacious  library  on  the 
western  side  of  Neville's  court.  A  large  sum  having 
been  raised  by  subscript!  on, (a)  the  present  library  was 
built  from  a  design  of  sir  Christopher  Wren,  who 

(a)  The  names  of  the  subscribers  and  the  amount  of  their  contributions 
will  be  found  at  pp.  266-272.  They  are  now  for  the  first  time  published.  It  is 
said  that  the  numerous  letters  which  Dr.  Barrow  wrote  soliciting  subscrip- 
tions are  preserved.  We  are  however  assured  that  they  cannot  now  be  traced. 
It  is  also  said  that  they  discover  a  wonderful  fertility  of  invention  in  vary- 
ing the  manner  of  address  to  the  persons  whom  he  solicited.  Mr.  Harts- 
home  (Book  Rarities  of  Cambridge,  274,  275),  gives  (from  MS.  Baker)  as 
a  specimen  an  application  from  the  master  and  seniors  to  some  member  of 
the  college  whose  name  does  not  appear.  Therein  it  is  stated,  that  the 
applicants  had  been  able  by  their  own  private  contributions  and  by  the 
assistance  of  many  noble  benefactors  and  friends  to  erect  and  cover  the 
building.  It  is  evident  therefore,  that  this  letter  must  have  been  written  in 
Dr.  North's  mastership. 


TKINITY   COLLEGE.  331 

gave  his  services  gratuitously. (a)  It  was  commenced 
during  Dr.  Barrow's  mastership,  and  completed 
during  the  masterships(6)  of  his  immediate  successors 
Dr.  North  and  Dr.  Montagu. (c)  The  total  cost  ex- 
ceeded £20,000. 

It  is  one  of  the  most  superb  structures  of  the  kind 

(a)  The  builder  was  John  Grumbold,  a  native  of  Raundes  in  Northamp- 
tonshire.— Bridge's  Northamptonshire,  ii.  188. 

(b)  "  When  the  Doctor  entered  upon  the  mastership  of  Trinity  College, 
the  building  of  the  great  library,  begun  by  his  immediate  predecessor  Dr. 
Barrow,  was  advanced  about  three-quarters  of  the  height  of  the  outward 
wall ;  and  the  doctor  most  heartily  and  diligently  applied  his  best  forces 
towards  carrying  it  onj  and,  besides  his  own  contributions,  most  of  his 
friends  and  relations,  upon  his  encouragement,  became  benefactors ;  the 
particulars  whereof  will  appear  in  the  accounts  of  that  noble  structure.     The 
tradition  of  this  undertaking  runs  thus :    They  say  that  Dr.  Barrow  pressed 
the  heads  of  the  university  to  build  a  theatre ;  it  being  a  profanation  and 
scandal  that  the  speeches  should  be  had  in  the  university  church,  and  that 
also  be  deformed  with  scaffolds,  and  defiled  with  rude  crowds  and  outcries. 
This  matter  was  formally  considered  at  a  council  of  the  heads  ;  and  argu- 
ments of  difficulty  and  want  of  supplies  went  strong  against  it.     Dr.  Barrow 
assured  them  that  if  they  made  a  sorry  building,  they  might  fail  of  contri- 
butions; but  if  they  made  it  very  magnificent  and  stately,  and,  at  least, 
exceeding  that  at  Oxford,  all  gentlemen,  of  their  interest,  would  generously 
contribute;  it  being  what  they  desired,   and  little   less  than  required   of 
them ;  and  money  would  not  be  wanted  as  the  building  went  up,  and  occa- 
sion called  for  it.     But  sage  caution  prevailed,  and  the  matter,  at  that  time, 
was  wholly  laid  aside.     Dr.  Barrow  was  piqued  at  this  pusillanimity,  and 
declared  that  he  would  go  straight  to  his  college,  and  lay  out  the  founda- 
tions of  a  building  to  enlarge  his  back  court,  and  close  it  with  a  stately 
library,  which  should  be  more  magnificent  and  costly  than  what  he  had 
proposed  to  them,  and  doubted  not  but,  upon  the  interest  of  his  college,  in 
a  short  time  to  bring  it  to  perfection.     And  he  was  as  good  as  his  word ; 
for  that  very  afternoon  he,  with  his  gardeners  and  servants,  staked  out  the 
very  foundation  upon  which  the  building  now  stands ;  and  Dr.  North  saw 
the  finishing  of  it,  except  the  classes,  which  were  forward,  but  not  done,  in 
his  time;  and  divers  benefactions  came  in  upon  that  account;  wherewith, 
and  the  liberal  supply  from  the  college,  the  whole  is  rendered  complete ; 
and  the  admirable  disposition  and  proportion  on  the   inside  is  such  as 
touches  the  very  soul  of  any  one  who  first  sees  it." — Royer  North's  Life  of 
Hon.  and  Rev.  John  North. 

(c)  The   building  was   commenced    23    Feb.    1675-6.      In    1678,   the 
rooms  over  the  eight  arches  next  the  library  in  the  north  cloister  were 


332  TRINITY   COLLEGE. 

in  the  kingdom.  The  elevation  towards  Neville's 
court  is  divided  into  two  stories  of  the  doric  and 
ionic  orders.  The  principal  part  of  the  lower  story 
forms  a  piazza,  which  has  massy  piers  on  the  east, 
a  wall  pierced  with  three  doors  and  unglazed  windows 
on  the  west,  and  a  row  of  doric  columns  in  the 
centre.  The  upper  story  has  towards  Neville's  court 
spacious  arched  windows  and  a  balustrade.  Over 
the  four  centre  columns  are  emblematical  figures 
of  Divinity,  Law,  Physic,  and  Mathematics,  executed 
by  Gabriel  Gibber.  Various  parts  of  this  front  are 
decorated  with  wreaths,  masks,  and  other  appro- 
priate carvings,  amongst  which  is  a  basso  relievo 
of  Ptolemy  receiving  the  scriptures  from  the  seventy 
interpreters.  The  western  elevation  towards  the 
walks  is  plainer.  The  lower  story  has  three  door- 
ways with  attached  doric  columns  and  entablatures, 
and  the  upper  story  large  arched  windows  in  recesses, 
the  whole  being  surmounted  by  a  balustrade. 

The  noble  staircase  has  a  domed  roof,  decorated 
with  boldly  carved  arms  of  bishop  Pearson,  Dr. 
Barrow,  Dr.  North,  and  Dr.  Montagu,  successively 
masters  of  the  college.  At  the  foot  of  the  staircase 
are  some  antique  marbles,  a  great  part  of  which 
were  collected  by  sir  Robert  Cotton.  There  are  also 

finished,  those  next  the  library  out  of  the  library  subscriptions,  and  those 
next  to  them  to  the  east,  at  the  expence  of  sir  Thomas  Sclater.  On  7 
May,  1681,  the  four  statues  by  Gabriel  Cibber,  and  for  which  he  received 
£80.  were  placed  on  the  top  of  the  library.  In  1681-2  the  rooms  over  the 
eight  arches  next  the  library  in  the  south  cloister  were  built,  those  adjoin- 
ing the  library  out  of  the  library  subscriptions,  the  others  at  the  expence  of 
Dr.  Humphrey  Babington.  In  February,  1684-5,  the  library  was  ceiled. 
In  1686  the  floor  was  put  down.  In  1687-8  it  was  paved.  In  1695  the 
books  were  removed  from  the  old  library. 


332 

in  the  towar.  ille's 

court  of  the  doric  xand 

of  the  lower  story 

.as  massy  piers  on  the  east, 

r»  and  Endows 

.  the 

ourt 

Over 

figures 

u,w,  Physic,  uted 

I  Gibber.      Various  p;>  c  are 

.    mask 

priate   carvings,    amongst   wmV  -  .       ' 

of  Ptolemy  receiving  the  scriptures  fro : 
interpreters.      The   western    elevation  the 

walks  is  plainer.     The  lower  story  has  three  door- 
ways with  attached  doric  columns  and  entablatui 
and  the  upper  story  large  arched  windows  in  reces 
the  whole  being  surmounted  by  a  b 
The  noble  staircase  has  a  <i 
i    boldl  .a    of 

and  D 


**<  tfc*  '  '  .ions,  ami 

•tor.     On  7 

• 

Ijoin- 

ing  V.'  '•-ffl  at  the  expence  of 

.ry  was  ceiled. 

In  1686  the  floor  wa»  pu  In  169, 

books  were  rem< 


STATUE  OF    LORD    BYRON 


IN    THE    LIBRARY.  TRINITY    COLLECt 


TRINITY   COLLEGE.  335 

Sir  Henry  Newton  Puckering. 

Dr.  Neville,  master. 

Charles  Montagu,  earl  of  Halifax,  by  Kneller. 

Shakspere,  by  Mark  Garrard. 

Cowley. 

Sir  Robert  Cotton. 

Sir  Isaac  Newton,  by  Vanderpuyl. 

Bishop  Hacket,  by  Valentine  Bitz. 

Dr.  Barrow,  master. 

Christopher  Monk,  duke  of  Albemarle. 

Thomas  Gale,  D.D.,  dean  of  York. 

In  the  northern  window  are  the  royal  arms. 
The  southern  is  occupied  by  stained  glass,  executed 
by  Peckitt  of  York  from  a  design  of  Cipriani. 
It  represents  Newton  presented  to  George  III., 
who  is  seated  under  a  canopy  with  a  laurel 
chaplet  in  his  hand,  and  attended  by  the  British 
Minerva,  who  is  apparently  advising  the  king  to 
confer  the  meed  of  merit  on  Newton.  Below 
the  throne  is  Bacon  in  his  chancellor's  robes  pre- 
paring to  register  the  reward  about  to  be  bestowed 
on  Newton. (a)  There  are  niches  on  either  side  of 
this  window.  One  of  these  niches  is  occupied  by  a 
statue,  by  Rysbrack,  of  Charles  duke  of  Somerset, 
in  roman  costume. 

There  are  above  fifty  thousand  volumes  of  printed 
books.  The  manuscripts  are  numerous  and  valuable. 

Many  interesting  relics  of  Newton  are  here  pre- 
served, including  his  correspondence  with  Cotes. (6) 

(a)  This  anachronistic  window,  which  contains  nearly  one  hundred  and 
forty  square  feet  of  glass,  was  one  of  the  many  gifts  of  Dr.  Robert  Smith, 
master,  who  bequeathed  £500  for  it.  Cipriani  was  paid  one  hundred 
guineas  for  the  design. 

(6)  Newton's  correspondence  with  Cotes  was  bequeathed  to  the  college 


336  TRINITY    COLLEGE. 

Here  also  are  preserved  the  original  of  Milton's 
Comus,  Lycidas,  and  Arcades,  and  of  several  of 
his  smaller  pieces,  with  plans  of  Paradise  Lost,  com- 
posed when  he  intended  to  have  made  that  subject 
the  groundwork  of  a  tragedy. (a)  The  valuable  col- 
lection of  books  relating  to  Shakspere  and  his  times, 
presented  to  the  college  in  1779,  by  Edward  Capell, 
esq.,  is  deposited  in  a  lock-up  case.(J) 

THE  MASTER'S  LODGE,  situate  on  the  western 
side  of  the  great  court,  northward  of  the  hall,  is  a 
spacious  and  commodious  mansion,  with  a  porch  of 
Jacobean  character.  There  are  several  grand  apart- 
ments. Dr.  Bentley  in  anticipation  of  the  visit  of 
George  I.,  made  considerable  alterations,  substituting 
wainscoting  for  old  decayed  tapestry,  and  putting 

in  1779  by  Edward  Howkins,  B.D.  sometime  fellow.  He  also  bequeathed 
a  profile  of  Newton,  a  lock  of  his  hair,  and  other  objects  of  interest, 
together  with  the  plates  and  wood-cuts  belonging  to  works  of  Cotes  and 
Dr.  Robert  Smith.  The  correspondence  of  Newton  and  Cotes  was 
published  with  valuable  notes  by  the  rev.  Joseph  Edleston,  M.A.  fellow 
of  this  college,  Lond.  8vo.  1850.  A  cast  of  Newton's  face  taken  after 
death  by  Roubiliac  is  preserved  here.  It  is  engraved  (from  a  photograph 
by  the  rev.  W.  T.  Kingsley,  B.D.  of  Sidney  College)  in  Brewster's  Memoirs 
of  Newton,  2nd  edition,  ii.  338. 

(a)  This  extraordinary  collection  was  formed  by  Charles  Mason,  fellow 
of  this  college  (afterwards  D.D.  and  Woodwardian  professor),  and  presented 
in  1736  to  the  society  by  Thomas  Clarke,  esq.,  M.A.  sometime  fellow, 
(afterwards  sir  Thomas  and  master  of  the  rolls). — Cambridge  Portfolio  507. 
Sir  Thomas  Clarke,  who  died  1764,  ought  to  have  been  mentioned  as  one 
of  the  eminent  men  of  the  college. 

(6)  A  catalogue  of  Mr.  CapelPs  collection  is  given  in  Hartshorne 's  Boole 
Rarities  of  Cambridge,  283—319. 

We  may  here  refer  to  a  very  useful  compilation  :  An  Index  of  such 
English  Books  printed  before  the  year  1600,  as  are  now  in  the  library  of 
Trinity  college,  Cambridge,  to  which  is  added,  a  list  of  the  plays  of 
Shakespeare,  printed  before  1623,  in  the  Capell  collection ;  published  with 
the  permission  of  the  rev.  the  master  and  fellows  by  Edward  Cranwell, 
under  librarian.  Camb.  8vo.  1847. 


TRINITY    COLLEGE.  337 

in  new  floors  and  ceilings,  as  also  marble  chimney- 
pieces  and  sash  windows.  The  cost  was  £2000. 
He  subsequently  made  other  improvements,  and  took 
in  the  old  comedy  house  at  the  western  end  of  the 
hall.  Other  improvements  were  made  during  the 
mastership  of  bishop  Hansel.  In  1845,  at  the  sug- 
gestion and  expence  of  Alexander  James  Beresford 
Hope,  esq.  M.P.  the  sash  windows  were  removed, 
elegant  gothic  windows  being  substituted,  and  a  large 
and  handsome  oriel  window  erected. 

In  the  entrance-hall  is  a  statue  of  Edward  VI. 
executed  in  1767  at  the  cost  of  Dr.  Robert  Smith, 
master. 

Amongst  numerous  portraits  in  the  various  apart- 
ments, we  may  mention  the  following : 

Archbishop  Bancroft. 

Lord  Bacon.     Presented  by  Peter  Burrell,  esq.  1751. 

Dr.  Barrow,  master. 

John  Battely,  D.D.     Presented  by  Oliver  Battely,  1752. 

Dr.  Bentley,  master,  1710,  aet.  48. 

Mrs.  Bentley. 

Robert  Cecil,  earl  of  Salisbury,  E.G. 

Sir  Edward  Coke. 

Sir  Robert  Cotton,  after  Cornelius  Jansen. 

Robert  Devereux,  earl  of  Essex,  E.G.  by  Mark  Garrard. 

King  Edward  III. 

King  Edward  VI. 

Elizabeth  queen  of  Henry  VII. 

Queen  Elizabeth. 

Galileo.     Presented  by  Dr.  Robert  Smith,  master,  1759. 

King  Henry  VII. 

King  Henry  VIII.,  by  Lucas  de  Heere>) 

Archbishop  Laud. 

Bishop  Mansel,  master. 

(a)  William  Wordsworth  has  a  fine  sonnet  on  this  picture. 
VOL.  II.  Y 


338  TRINITY   COLLEGE. 

Margaret  countess  of  Richmond  and  Derby. 
Queen  Mary. 
Mary  queen  of  Scots. 
Sir  Thomas  More. 
Dr.  Neville,  master. 

Sir  Isaac  Newton,  1710,  set.  79,  by  Thornhill.  Presented 
by  Dr.  Bentley. 

Archbishop  Parker,  1572,  aet.  69. 

Dr.  Pearce,  bishop  of  Rochester,  by  Penny. 

Cardinal  Pole. 

Person. 

Sir  Walter  Raleigh. 

J.  J.  Scaliger,  by  P.  Veronese.     Presented  by  Dr.  Bentley. 

Ezekiel  Spanheim,  1710,  aet.  80.    Presented  by  Dr.  Bentley. 

Bishop  Still,  master. 

Sir  Anthony  Vandyke. 

Richard  Walker,  D.D. 

Stephen  Whisson,  B.D.  fellow,  by  Vander  Myn. 

Archbishop  Whitgift,  master. 

Cardinal  Wolsey. 

Dr.  Wordsworth,  master. 

Sir  Christopher  Wray. 

WALKS  AND  GARDENS. — The  walks  and  gardens 
are  extensive  and  beautiful.  The  bowling-green 
between  the  north-western  end  of  the  great  court 
and  S.  John's,  contains  two  roods,  seven  perches, 
and  the  master's  garden  one  rood,  thirty-nine  perches. 
The  walks  which  contain  one  acre,  two  roods,  four 
perches  eastward  of  the  river,  and  six  acres,  two 
roods,  thirty-seven  perches  westward  of  the  river,  are 
connected  by  a  handsome  stone  cycloidal  bridge, 
erected  from  the  design  of  James  Essex,  F.S.A.  These 
walks  which  were  laid  out  in  Dr.  Neville's  master- 
ship, were  much  improved  in  that  of  Dr.  Bentley. 

Westward  of  the  walks  and  separated  therefrom 


TRINITY   COLLEGE.  339 

by  the  public  road  are  meadows  and  pleasure-grounds, 
containing  five  acres,  two  roods,  thirty-four  perches. 
These  are  rented  by  the  college  of  the  university. 

MASTERSHIP,  FELLOWSHIPS,  AND  SCHOLARSHIPS. — 
The  mastership  is  and  always  has  been  in  the 
patronage  of  the  sovereign.  The  master  is  by  the 
statutes  required  to  be  a  member  of  the  church  of 
England  in  holy  orders,  and  M.A.  M.L.  M.D.  or  of 
some  superior  degree  in  the  university. 

The  fellows  who  are  sixty  in  number,  are  required 
to  be  at  the  time  of  election  members  of  the  college 
who  have  attained  the  degree  of  B.A.  B.L.  or  M.B. 
and  whose  standing  after  such  degree  does  not  exceed 
three  years.  If  the  master  and  seniors  think  fit, 
all  members  of  the  university  of  similar  degrees  and 
standing  are  eligible.  The  election  of  fellows  takes 
place  annually  on  the  first  of  October.  The  eight 
senior  fellows,  jointly  with  the  master,  have  the  sole 
government  of  the  society.  All  the  fellows  except 
two,  are  required  to  take  priest's  orders  within  seven 
years  after  they  are  of  M.A.  standing. 

There  are  seventy-two  foundation  scholarships  and 
sixteen  sizarships ;  and  six  minor  scholars  are  elected 
annually.  The  latter  scholarships  are  open  to  all 
persons  being  twenty  years  of  age,  whether  students 
of  the  university  or  not,  who  have  not  commenced 
residence  in  the  university  or  are  in  the  first  term  of 
their  residence.  They  are  tenable  for  three  years, 
or  until  the  scholar  be  elected  to  a  foundation  scholar- 
ship. 

There  are  also  various  exhibitions,  including  an 
astronomical  exhibition  of  £50  per  annum,  established 

Y2 


340  TRINITY   COLLEGE. 

in  1858  by  the  representatives  of  the  rev.  Richard 
Sheepshanks,  M.A.  late  fellow. 

When  queen  Elizabeth  visited  the  university  in 
August,  1564,  the  society  consisted  of  the  master, 
twenty-nine  major  fellows,  eighteen  minor  fellows, 
fifty-three  scholars,  of  whom  twelve  were  B.A.  the 
three  Regius  professors  of  divinity,  hebrew,  and 
greek,  eleven  feodaries,  three  schoolmasters  appointed 
and  paid  by  the  college,  two  chaplains,  two  clerks, 
ten  choristers,  a  registrar,  a  chapel-keeper,  a  man- 
ciple, two  butlers,  a  barber,  a  porter,  three  servants 
for  the  master,  a  receiver  general,  an  auditor,  a 
steward  of  the  courts,  two  counsellors  at  law,  ten 
sub-collectors,  a  keeper  of  the  swans,  twenty  alms- 
men of  the  founder,  four  almsmen  of  Mr.  Allen,  twenty- 
three  fellow  commoners,  fifty-five  pensioners,  and 
twenty-six  subsizars,  in  all  three  hundred  and  six. 

Dr.  Caius  states,  that  in  1573  there  were  the 
master,  fifty-seven  major  fellows,  three  minor  fellows, 
seventy-one  scholars,  five  servants  of  the  master, 
fourteen  ministers  of  the  college,  one  hundred  and 
thirty-eight  pensioners,  and  one  hundred  and  ten 
sizars  and  subsizars,  making  a  total  of  three  hundred 
and  ninety-three. 

In  1621,  there  were  the  master,  sixty  fellows, 
sixty-eight  scholars,  four  chaplains  or  conducts,  three 
public  professors,  thirteen  poor  scholars,  a  master 
of  the  choristers,  six  clerks,  ten  choristers,  and  twenty 
almsmen,  these  together  with  the  remaining  students 
and  others  not  on  the  foundation,  and  officers  and 
servants  of  the  college,  making  a  total  of  four  hundred 
and  forty. 


TRINITY   COLLEGE.  341 

In  August,  1641,  two  hundred  and  seventy-seven 
members  of  this  college  contributed  £27.  Os.  6d.  to  a 
poll-tax. 

It  is  stated  that  in  1672,  the  college  consisted  of 
the  master,  sixty  fellows,  sixty-seven  scholars,  three 
public  professors,  four  conducts,  thirteen  poor  scholars, 
a  master  of  the  choristers,  six  secular  clerks,  and 
twenty  bedesmen,  besides  exhibitioners,  officers,  and 
servants  of  the  foundation,  with  many  other  students, 
being  in  all  four  hundred. 

Carter  in  1753,  states  that  the  members  of  this 
college  were  a  master,  a  vicemaster,  sixty  fellows 
(of  which  number  is  the  vicemaster),  and  seventy-one 
scholars,  the  usual  number  of  all  sorts  being  about 
two  hundred  and  forty. 

PATRONAGE. — The  college  appoints  the  masters  of 
the  schools  of  Stevenage  in  Hertfordshire,  and 
Uttoxeter  and  Stone  in  Staffordshire.  The  master- 
ship of  Westminster  school  is  in  the  appointment 
alternately  of  the  master  of  this  college  and  the  dean 
of  Christ  church,  Oxford. 

The  benefices  in  the  gift  of  the  college,  are  the 
vicarages  of  Barford  with  Roxton,  Cardington,  Eaton 
Bray,  Felmersham,  Keysoe,  Shitlington,  and  Stotfold 
in  Bedfordshire ;  the  rectory  of  Great  Loughton 
and  the  vicarage  of  Marsworth  in  Buckinghamshire; 
the  perpetual  curacies  of  S.  Mary  the  great  and 
S.  Michael  in  Cambridge ;  the  vicarages  of  Arrington, 
Barrington,  Bottisham,  and  Chesterton,  the  rectory 
of  Orwell,  the  vicarage  of  Over,  the  rectory  of 
Papworth  Everard,  and  the  vicarages  of  Shudy 
Camps  and  Trumpingtoii  in  Cambridgeshire ;  the 


342  TRINITY   COLLEGE. 

vicarage  of  Gainford  and  the  perpetual  curacy  of 
Barnard  Castle  in  the  county  of  Durham ;  the 
vicarages  of  Bumpstead  Helion  and  Hatfield  Broad 
Oak  in  Essex  ;  the  vicarages  of  Hitchin,  S.  Ippollitts 
with  Great  "Wymondley  and  Ware  in  Hertfordshire  ; 
the  vicarage  of  Wymeswould  in  Leicestershire;  the 
vicarages  of  Little  Cotes,  East  Ravendale,  and 
Swineshead  in  Lincolnshire  ;  the  vicarage  of  Enfield 
in  Middlesex ;  the  rectories  of  Dickleburgh,  Faken- 
ham,  and  Reepham  with  Kerdiston,  in  Norfolk ; 
the  vicarage  of  Grendon  in  Northamptonshire;  the 
vicarages  of  Blythe,  Flintham,  the  curacies  of 
Hoveringham  cum  Thurgarton,  and  Langford,  with 
Holme  vicarage,  and  the  vicarages  of  Tuxford  and 
Walkeringham,  in  Nottinghamshire;  the  rectory  of 
Cheadle  in  Staffordshire ;  the  rectory  of  Grundis- 
burgh  in  Suffolk;  the  vicarage  of  Monks  Kirkby 
with  Withybroke  in  Warwickshire ;  the  vicarages 
of  Heversham,  Kendall,  and  Kirkby  Lonsdale,  in 
Westmorland ;  the  vicarage  of  Brading  in  the  isle 
of  Wight;  the  vicarage  of  Aysgartb,  the  perpetual 
curacies  of  Bawtry  with  Austerfield,  and  Coxwold, 
the  vicarage  of  Darfield,  the  rectory  of  Gilling, 
the  perpetual  curacy  of  Husthwaite,  the  vicarages 
of  Kellington,  Masham  with  Kirby  Malzeard,  and 
Normanton,  the  perpetual  curacy  of  Oversilton,  and 
the  vicarages  of  Pickhill,  Sedbergh,  and  Whitkirk, 
in  the  county  of  York ;  with  the  third  turn  of  presen- 
tation to  the  rectory  of  Guisley  in  that  county. 


OLD    FRONT    (FROM    LOOGAN.) 


EMMANUEL  COLLEGE. 

THIS  college  which  has  an  extensive  and  handsome 
front  towards  S.  Andrew's  street,  occupies  the  site 
of  the  house  of  the  Dominican  friars,  who  were 
sometimes  called  the  black  friars,  but  more  commonly 
the  preaching  friars.  A  brief  account  of  their  house 
is  therefore  subjoined. 

THE  HOUSE  OF  S.  DOMINIC. — The  friars  of  the 
order  of  S.  Dominic  settled  in  Cambridge  before  1240, 
for  on  the  17th  of  April  in  that  year,  king  Henry  III. 
by  writ,  commanded  the  sheriff  of  the  county  to 
permit  the  friars  preachers  of  Cambridge  to  enclose 
the  street  which  lay  on  the  south  part  next  their 
church  for  the  enlargement  of  their  cemetery,  they 
giving  up  in  recompence  the  like  quantity  in  length 
and  breadth  of  their  own  ground,  it  having  been  found 
by  inquisition  that  this  would  not  be  to  the  damage 
of  the  town,  but  rather  to  the  convenience  thereof. 


344  EMMANUEL   COLLEGE. 

By  an  inquisition  taken  7  Edw.  I.  [1278  or  1279], 
it  was  found  that  the  friars  preachers  had  a  certain 
place  where  they  dwelt  and  where  their  church  was 
founded,  which  place  contained  in  itself  eight  acres 
of  land  and  more  in  length  and  breadth,  in  which 
place  were  accustomed  to  be  divers  mansions,  in 
which  many  inhabited  who  were  wont  to  be  geldable 
and  aiding  to  the  town,  that  the  friars  had  and  held 
the  said  place  in  perpetual  alms  of  purchase  and  of 
the  gift  of  many,  but  of  whom  they  had  the  place 
aforesaid,  and  whether  they  had  confirmation  of 
the  king's  ancestors  or  not,  the  jurors  knew  not. 

King  Edward  I.  by  writ  tested  at  Broughton 
the  20th  of  March,  in  the  twenty-first  year  of  his 
reign  [1292-3],  commanded  the  sheriff  to  enquire  if 
it  would  be  to  the  damage  or  prejudice  of  him  or 
of  others,  if  he  should  grant  to  William  de  la  Haye, 
that  he  two  acres  of  land  with  the  appurtenances 
in  the  suburbs  of  Cambridge,  contiguous  to  the  area 
of  the  prior  and  friars  preachers  of  Cambridge,  might 
give  and  assign  to  the  same  prior  and  friars  for 
the  enlargement  of  their  aforesaid  area.  An  inqui- 
sition being  taken  on  the  foregoing  writ,  it  was  found 
that  the  proposed  gift  and  assignment  would  not 
be  to  the  prejudice  or  damage  of  any,  unless  to  the 
damage  of  the  king,  for  that  the  aforesaid  two  acres 
of  land  were  held  of  the  king  in  chief  by  the  service 
of  one  penny  of  hagabul  for  ever.  It  was  also  found 
that  the  aforesaid  two  acres  were  worth  in  all 
issues  three  shillings  by  the  year.  On  the  16th  of 
November,  21  Edw.  I.  [1293],  Adam  Eliot  of  Cam- 
bridge who  sold  these  two  acres  to  William  de  la 


EMMANUEL   COLLEGE.  345 

Haye,  came  into  the  exchequer  and  acknowledged 
himself  to  be  bound  to  render  to  the  king  every  year 
at  the  feast  of  S.  Michael  the  rent  of  one  penny  per 
annum  by  the  hands  of  the  king's  bailiffs  of  the  town 
of  Cambridge,  for  the  aforesaid  William  of  the  same 
two  acres  which  the  friars  then  held. 

King  Edward  I.  granted  the  friars  twenty-five 
marks  per  annum.  This  grant  was  renewed  from 
time  to  time  by  succeeding  monarchs. 

Alice,  daughter  and  heiress  of  Gilbert  lord  Saund- 
ford,  and  widow  of  Robert  de  Vere,  fifth  earl  of 
Oxford,  was  a  considerable  benefactor  to  this  house, 
and  was  honoured  as  the  foundress. 

We  find  Philip  Morgan,  bishop  of  Ely,  residing 
here  25th  May,  1434. 

In  17  Hen.  VII.,  the  prior  made  a  present  of 
the  prayers  and  suffrages  of  the  house  to  the  most 
puissant  sir  Gilbert  Talbot,  K.G.,  the  lady  Ethelred 
his  wife  and  their  family  in  life  and  death. 

The  members  of  this  house  usually  took  degrees 
in  divinity. 

In  1538,  Gregory  Dodds,  B.D.  prior  and  fifteen 
friars  surrendered  the  house  to  king  Henry  VIII., 
and  that  monarch  by  letters  patent,  dated  16th  of 
April  in  the  thirty-fifth  year  of  his  reign  [1544], 
granted  the  site  and  buildings  to  Edward  Ellington 
and  Humphrey  Metcalfe,  and  the  heirs  of  Ellington. (0) 

(a)  2  March,  36  Hen.  VIII.  [1544-5],  Edward  Elrington  had  the  king's 
licence  to  alienate  to  William  Sherwood. 

1  Apr.  23  Eliz.  [1581],  George  Sherwood  had  the  queen's  licence  to 
alienate  to  Robert  Taylor,  esq.,  who, 

3  April,  25  Eliz.  [1583],  had  the  queen's  licence  to  alienate  to  Richard 
Culverwell  and  Laurence  Chaderton,  B.D.  (afterwards  first  master  of 
Emmanuel  college.) 


346  EMMANUEL   COLLEGE. 

Numerous  legacies  were  made  to  the  friars  at 
various  periods.  In  1356,  Elizabeth,  daughter  of 
Bartholomew  de  Badlesmere,  widow  of  sir  Edmund 
le  Mortimer,  and  wife  of  William  Bohun,  earl  of 
Northampton,  bequeathed  £50 ;  Elizabeth  de  Burgh, 
lady  of  Clare,  in  1360  bequeathed  40s.;  sir  John 
Howard,  in  1389  bequeathed  five  marks;  John  de 
Vere,  thirteenth  earl  of  Oxford,  K.G.  in  1513  be- 
queathed a  chalice  and  other  ornaments  to  this  house, 
as  having  been  one  of  the  foundations  of  his  an- 
cestors. 

We  have  but  an  imperfect  list  of  the  priors.  John 
de  Norwich,  occurs  16th  Feb.  1393-4;  Robert  Jullys, 
D.D.  occurs  1510  ;  John  Pickering,  B.D.  occurs  1525, 
he  was  subsequently  prior  of  the  Dominicans  at  York, 
and  being  implicated  in  the  rebellion  termed  the 
Pilgrimage  of  Grace,  was  executed  at  Tyburn,  25th 
May,  1537;  Eobert  Buckenham,  D.D.  occurs  1529, 
when  he  distinguished  himself  by  preaching  against 
Hugh  Latimer  in  Cambridge,  he  was  author  of  a 
MS.  treatise  De  reconciliatione  locorum  Sacrag  Scrip- 
turae;  William  Oliver  was  prior  about  1533,  and 
occurs  in  1537  as  prior  of  the  Dominicans  at  Bristol; 
Gregory  Dodds,  B.D.  the  last  prior,  became  dean 
of  Exeter  1560,  and  died  1570. 

Amongst  the  eminent  members  were :  Thomas  de 
Ringstede,  bishop  of  Bangor,  died  1365-6.  Thomas 
Dyss,  confessor  to  Henry  V.  John  Hilsey,  bishop 
of  Rochester,  died  1538.  John  Hopton,  bishop  of 
Norwich,  died  1558.  John  Hodgkin,  suffragan 
bishop  of  Bedford,  died  1560.  John  Scory,  bishop 
of  Hereford,  died  1585. 


EMMANUEL   COLLEGE.  347 

THE  FOUNDEK. — Walter  Mildmay,  born  in  or 
about  1522  at  Chelmsford,  was  the  fourth  and 
youngest  son  of  Thomas  Mildmay,  esq.  auditor  of 
the  court  of  augmentations,  and  of  his  wife  Agnes 
[Read].  He  was  educated  in  Christ's  college,  but 
appears  not  to  have  taken  a  degree.  On  leaving 
Cambridge  he  studied  the  law  at  Gray's  inn,  and 
was,  we  presume,  called  to  the  bar.  After  filling 
a  subordinate  position  in  the  court  of  augmentations 
he  was  constituted  one  of  the  two  surveyors  general 
of  that  court  on  its  reconstruction  at  the  close  of 
the  reign  of  Henry  VIII.  He  was  knighted  22  Feb. 
1546-7,  two  days  after  the  coronation  of  Edward  VI. 
The  knights  created  on  such  occasions  were  usually 
termed  knights  of  the  carpet,  to  distinguish  them 
from  those  who  obtained  the  honour  on  account  of 
service  in  the  field.  In  the  case  of  sir  Walter  Mild- 
may  the  appellation  has,  in  one  instance  at  least, 
led  to  the  supposition  that  he  was  a  knight  of  the 
garter,  a  dignity  which,  notwithstanding  his  worth 
and  public  services,  was  never  conferred  upon  him. 

On  the  14th  of  Sept.  1547  he,  lord  Saint  John,  lord 
Russell,  and  the  earl  of  Warwick,  were  commissioned 
to  make  an  inventory  of  the  wardrobes  and  house- 
hold stuff  which  had  belonged  to  Henry  VIII.  On 
the  30th  of  the  same  month  a  commission  issued 
to  lord  Saint  John,  sir  William  Petre,  sir  Walter 
Mildmay,  and  Robert  Keilway  to  examine  and  report 
upon  the  revenues  of  the  crown.  In  March  1548 
we  find  him  acting  at  the  head  of  a  commission  for  the 
sale  of  lands  which  had  pertained  to  dissolved  chan- 
tries. On  the  20th  of  June  1548  a  commission  issued 


348  EMMANUEL   COLLEGE. 

to  him  and  Robert  Keilway  to  take  order  for  the  main- 
tenance and  continuance  of  grammar  schools  which 
had  pertained  to  the  chantries  which  had  been  dis- 
solved. On  the  12th  of  November,  1549  he,  sir  William 
Herbert,  and  sir  Edward  North  were  appointed  by 
the  privy-council  to  enter  into  all  the  king's  houses, 
studies,  and  wardrobes  at  Westminster  which  had 
been  in  the  custody  of  the  duke  of  Somerset  before 
his  apprehension.  In  1550  he  was  in  commission 
with  the  earl  of  Warwick  and  sir  William  Herbert 
to  hear  and  determine  all  accounts  and  reckonings 
of  all  the  king's  mints  within  the  realm.  On  the  29th 
of  August  in  the  same  year  he  and  sir  Arthur  Darcy 
were  authorised  by  the  council  to  repair  to  the  king's 
palace  at  Westminster  to  oversee  the  delivery  of 
plate  apparel  and  goods  by  the  executor  of  James 
Rufforth  to  sir  Andrew  Dudley,  his  successor  in  the 
office  of  keeper  of  that  palace.  About  the  same 
period  he  obtained  from  the  crown  a  grant  of  manors 
and  estates  in  Gloucestershire  and  Berkshire.  We 
also  find  him  possessed  of  the  site  of  the  priory  of 
Bicknacre  in  Essex.  On  the  8th  of  March  1550-1  he 
and  sir  John  Gate  were  empowered  to  take  charge  of 
the  plate  jewels  apparel  stuff  and  goods  of  the 
duke  of  Somerset  remaining  in  his  house  of  Sion  at 
the  time  of  his  apprehension. 

On  the  24th  of  April  1551  the  king  granted  him 
(in  exchange  for  manors  and  lands  in  Gloucestershire, 
Berkshire,  Devon,  Bucks,  and  Essex)  the  manors 
of  Apethorp,  Wadenho,  Wood  Newton,  Tansover, 
and  Yarwell,  and  other  lands  in  the  counties  of 
Northampton  and  Oxford. 


EMMANUEL   COLLEGE.  349 

In  or  about  December  1551  he  occurs  in  a  com- 
mission to  survey  the  state  of  all  the  courts  erected 
for  the  custody  of  the  king's  lands,  or  for  the 
collection  of  the  rents  and  revenues  thereof;  and  a 
mint  having  been  established  by  royal  authority  at 
York,  the  settlement  of  the  necessary  articles  relating 
thereto  was  entrusted  to  him.  On  the  2nd  of  January 
1551-2  he  was  in  a  commission  for  levying  the  king's 
debts.  On  the  21st  of  November  1552  he  was  in  a 
commission  to  make  due  allowances  to  the  accountants 
of  the  crown  in  respect  of  a  fall  in  the  value  of 
money.  In  December  1552  he  was  a  member  of 
commissions  issued  to  take  accounts  of  all  monies, 
securities,  victuals,  and  provisions  received  by  the 
king's  officers,  and  to  enquire  how  the  king  had 
been  satisfied  of  the  lead,  bell-metal,  plate,  jewels, 
ornaments,  stock  and  store-goods,  which  had  come 
to  the  crown  by  the  dissolution  of  monasteries, 
colleges,  and  chantries,  or  by  attainder  or  forfeiture. 
A  grant  from  the  king  to  him  of  manors,  lands, 
and  tenements  in  the  counties  of  Cornwall,  Essex, 
Huntingdon,  and  Northampton,  and  in  the  city  of 
London  passed  the  great  seal  at  or  shortly  before  this 
period.  On  16th  of  January  1552-3  his  name  occurs 
in  a  special  commission  for  collection  of  the  goods, 
plate,  jewels,  bells,  and  ornaments  of  churches.  He 
sat  for  Maiden  in  the  parliament  of  1  March  1552-3, 
and  for  the  city  of  Peterborough  in  that  which  met 
5  Oct.  1553.  In  3  &  4  Philip  &  Mary  he  obtained 
a  confirmation  of  king  Edward's  grant  of  his  Nor- 
thamptonshire estates.  When  Calais  was  besieged 
by  the  French,  queen  Mary  constituted  him  treasurer 


350  EMMANUEL    COLLEGE. 

of  the  forces  intended  to  be  dispatched  for  its  relief. 
His  appointment  was  made  on  the  9th  of  Jan.  1557-8, 
but  before  the  end  of  the  month,  that  place  having 
fallen,  he  had  the  queen's  directions  to  come  back 
to  England.  He  was  returned  as  one  of  the  knights 
for  Northamptonshire  to  the  parliament  which  met 
20  Jan.  1557,  and  represented  that  county  during 
the  remainder  of  his  life.  On  the  18th  of  July  1558  he 
obtained  from  Philip  and  Mary  a  grant  of  the  manor 
of  Queen's  Camel,  and  other  lands  in  the  county  of 
Somerset. 

He  was  treasurer  of  the  household  to  queen 
Elizabeth,  but  we  have  not  succeeded  in  ascertaining 
the  date  of  his  appointment  to  that  office.  Imme- 
diately after  the  accession  of  that  sovereign,  he  was 
actively  employed  in  important  matters  connected  with 
the  revenues  of  the  crown.  On  the  22nd  of  December 
1558  the  privy-council  directed  him  to  convene  all 
the  queen's  auditors,  and  such  other  persons  as  he 
might  deem  necessary,  in  order  to  ascertain  the 
names  of  all  the  farmers  of  the  royal  revenues,  and 
especially  of  all  the  copyholders  westward.  He 
was  required  to  make  a  book  thereof  out  of  hand, 
and  to  send  the  same  to  court  with  all  convenient 
speed.  His  name  was  inserted  in  a  commission 
which  issued  two  days  afterwards  to  ascertain  what 
lands  had  been  granted  from  the  crown  in  the  reign 
of  queen  Mary.  In  or  about  January  1558-9  he 
was  in  a  commission  for  the  examination  and  audit 
of  the  accounts  of  Andrew  Wise,  esq.  vice-treasurer 
of  Ireland.  A  commission  which  issued  about  the 
same  time  for  survey  of  the  office  of  treasurer  of 


EMMANUEL   COLLEGE.  351 

the  chamber,  also  contains  the  name  of  sir  Walter 
Mildmay.  On  the  28th  of  March  1559  he,  lord  Robert 
Dudley,  and  others  were  appointed  to  treat  and 
compound  with  such  persons  as,  being  duly  qualified 
to  take  the  order  of  knighthood,  refused  to  do  so. 
On  the  13th  of  September  following  he  was  in  the 
commission  for  the  exchange  of  bishopric  lands.  He 
was  also  in  a  commission  issued  29  Oct.  1560  to  direct 
the  proceedings  of  the  mint,  and  to  expedite  the 
issue  of  the  new  coinage.  Soon  afterwards  we  find 
him  acting  under  another  commission  to  prevent 
the  transportation  of  base  testons  to  Ireland.  His 
new-year's  gift  to  the  queen  in  1561  was  £5.  in 
demi-angels,  in  a  purse  of  red  silk  and  gold  knit, 
in  return  for  which  he  received  from  her  majesty 
a  gilt  cup  and  cover  weighing  14 J  oz.  Before  1563, 
but  at  what  precise  time  does  not  appear,  he  pur- 
chased the  manor  of  Lesthorp  in  Leicestershire.  In 
May  1563  he  was  in  a  commission  for  sale  of  crown 
lands.  In  or  shortly  before  December  1565  the 
queen  accredited  him  and  lord  Lumley  as  her  am- 
bassadors to  the  Scottish  court,  but  circumstances 
arose  which  prevented  their  journey. 

Immediately  after  the  death  of  sir  Richard  Sack- 
ville,  which  occurred  21  April,  1566,  sir  Walter 
Mildmay  was  appointed  to  succeed  him  as  chancellor 
of  the  exchequer.  He  was  one  of  the  committee 
of  the  house  of  commons  appointed  30  Oct.  1566 
to  manage  the  conference  with  the  lords  touching 
a  petition  to  the  queen  for  her  marriage.  In  October 
1569  we  find  him  advising  her  majesty  as  to  the 
course  to  be  taken  with  Mary  queen  of  Scots.  His 


352  EMMANUEL   COLLEGE. 

opinions  on  the  matter  at  that  time  differed  ma- 
terially from  those  which  he  was  subsequently  led 
to  entertain. 

In  October  1570  he  and  sir  William  Cecil  were 
dispatched  to  the  queen  of  Scots  at  Chatsworth. 
On  the  13th  they  delivered  to  her  certain  articles, 
to  which  an  answer  was  not  sent  till  several  months 
afterwards.  We  find  him,  in  or  about  the  same 
year,  in  a  commission  for  the  survey  and  regulation 
of  the  office  of  ordnance.  On  the  3rd  of  August  1571 
he  obtained  from  the  queen  a  grant  of  lands,  woods, 
coppices,  and  privileges  within  the  forest  of  Rock- 
ingham.  On  the  24th  of  November  following  he  was 
in  a  commission  for  the  repayment  of  certain  privy- 
seal  loans. 

Notwithstanding  he  had  been  engaged  in  getting 
up  the  evidence  against  Thomas  duke  of  Norfolk, 
that  nobleman,  after  he  was  condemned,  gave  to 
sir  Walter  Mildmay  as  his  friend,  his  trunk  crystal 
glass,  another  of  beryl  trimmed  with  gold,  and  his 
gold  spoons  with  pearls. 

In  1572  he  was  one  of  the  queen's  commissioners 
to  treat  with  the  commissioners  of  France  touching 
Mary  queen  of  Scots.  His  name  also  occurs  in 
a  commission,  issued  21  April  1573,  for  enquiry 
as  to  ships  goods  and  merchandise  belonging  to 
subjects  of  the  king  of  Spain,  and  in  commissions 
of  oyer  and  terminer  for  London,  Middlesex,  and 
Northamptonshire,  dated  21  October  in  the  same  year. 
On  the  3rd  of  April,  1574,  a  commission  was  directed 
to  lord  Burghley  and  sir  Walter  Mildmay  to 
manumit  persons  bond  in  blood  and  regardant  to 


• 
to 


in  a  commission  ; 
seal  10801$ 

up 

that  .noblem'an,    ; 

sir  W. 


maiium  i 


.(4   < 


•I 


EMMANUEL    COLLEGE.  355 

by  asserting1  that  he  "was  desirouse  to  see  Cardinall 
Poole  after  his  death,  and  that  one,  by  conjuration', 
cawsed  the  said  cardinall  to  appeare  unto  sir  Walter. 
Then  the  conjuror  asked  of  sir  Walter  Mildmay 
what  he  did  see,  and  sir  Walter  answered  him,  a 
man  much  like  the  cardinall."  Caesar  was  ordered 
to  retract  at  the  assizes  or  sessions  in  Cornwall,  in 
which  county  he  was  then  beneficed. 

His  name  occurs  in  the  special  commission  of  oyer 
and  terminer  for  Middlesex,  issued  20  Feb.  1584-5, 
under  which  William  Parry,  LL.D.,  was  convicted  of 
high  treason,  and  in  the  like  commission  for  Sussex, 
7  Feb.  1585-6  for  the  trial  of  William  Shelly,  for 
the  same  offence. 

In  October  1586  he  was  once  more  dispatched 
to  the  queen  of  Scots  with  sir  Amias  Paulet  and 
Edward  Barker.  They  delivered  to  her  certain 
letters  from  Elizabeth,  but  she  refused  to  answer, 
and  protested  her  innocence.  Sir  Walter  Mildmay 
was  appointed  one  of  her  judges  in  the  commission 
issued  in  the  same  month  for  her  trial  at  Fotheringay 
castle.  He  took  a  leading  part  in  the  star-chamber 
on  28  March  1587,  when  the  unfortunate  and  ill-used 
William  Davison  was  brought  before  that  tribunal. 

About  the  same  period  important  matters  res^ 
pecting  the  revenues  of  the  cathedral  of  Norwich  were 
referred  to  him  and  lord  Burghley  for  adjustment. 
We  also  find  him  engaged  in  composing  differences 
between  the  bishop  and  the  dean  and  chapter  of 
Peterborough. 

We  presume  that  he  again  visited  Cambridge 
in  1588,  when  the  treasurers'  of  the  town  charge 

Z2 


356  EMMANUEL   COLLEGE. 

455.  lie?,  for  a  present  given  to  him  by  the  com- 
mandment of  the  mayor  and  council. 

He  held  the  office  of  auditor  of  the  duchy  of 
Lancaster,  but  it  does  not  appear  when  he  was 
appointed  thereto. 

His  death  occurred  at  Hackney  31  May  1589, 
and  he  was  buried  in  the  chancel  of  S.  Bartholomew 
the  great  in  London,  where  is  a  very  fair  tomb 
having  this  short  and  sufficient  epitaph : 

Virtute  non  vi. 
Mors  nobis  lucrura. 

Hie  jacet  Gualterus  Mildmay,  Miles,  et  Maria  uxor  ejus. 
Ipse  obiit  ultimo  die  Maii  1589.  Ipsa  decimo  sexto  die  Martii 
1576.  Reliquerunt  duos  filios  et  tres  filias.  Fundavit  Collegium 
Emanuelis  Cantabrigiae.  Moritur  Cancellarius  et  Sub-thesau- 
rarius  Scaccarii,  et  Regiae  Majestati  a  Consiliis. 

His  wife  was  daughter  of  William  Walsingham, 
esq.,  (by  Joyce,  daughter  of  Edmund  Denny  baron 
of  the  exchequer),  and  sister  of  sir  Francis  Walsing- 
ham: his  children  were,  sir  Anthony,  sometime 
ambassador  to  France,  who  died  1617;  Humphrey,  of 
Danbury  place  in  Essex ;  Winifred,  wife  of  sir  William 
Fitzwilliam  of  Gains  park  Essex ;  Martha,  wife  of  sir 
William  Brouncker;  and  Christian,  wife  successively 
of  Charles  Barrett  of  Aveley  in  Essex,  and  sir  John 
Leveson  of  Kent,  knight. 

He  is  author  of: 

1.  Opinion  concerning  the  keeping  of  the  queen 
of  Scots  at  Windsor  castle  26  Oct.  1579.     In  Burnet's 
History  of  the  Reformation,  Records,  part  ii,  book  iii, 
n°  *xii. 

2.  Speech  in  the  house  of  commons  on  a  motion 


EMMANUEL   COLLEGE.  357 

for  the  grant  of  a  subsidy  to  her  majesty,  9  Feb. 
1575-6.  In  Parl.  Hist.  iv.  208-215.  Of.  MS.  Cott. 
Titus,  C.  viii.  lib. 

3.  Speech   in    the    house    of    commons   on   her 
majesty's  message  for  the  discharge  of  Peter  Went- 
worth,    esq.    12  March    1575-6.      In   Parl.  Hist.  iv. 
215-217. 

4.  Speech  concerning  the  proposed  marriage  of 
queen   Elizabeth  to  the  due  d'  Anjou,  6  Oct.    1579. 
Notes  in  Murdin's  State  Papers,  332. 

5.  Speech  in  the  house  of  commons  on  a  motion 
for  securing  the  kingdom  against  the  pope  and  his 
adherents,    24    Jan.     1581-2.      In    Parl.    Hist.   iv. 
240-250. 

6.  Part  of  a  discourse  concerning  the  state  of  the 
low-countries  upon  the  death  of  the  prince  of  Orange 
1584.     MS.  Cott.  Cal.  C.  ix.  47. 

7.  Statuta  pro  administratione  Collegii  Emman- 
uelis  1  Oct.  1585;  ...  Dec.  1587;    ult.  Feb.  1587-8. 
In  Univ.  &  Coll.  Doc.  iii.  483-526. 

8.  Speech  in   the   star-chamber   on  the   censure 
of  William  Davison,  esq.  28  March  1587.    In  Howell's 
State  Trials,  i.   1233-1235,   1246;    and  in  Nicolas's 
Life  of  W.  Davison,  314-317,  339. 

9.  Speech  in  the  house  of  commons  on  a  bill  for 
regulating  abuses  in  the  exchequer,  17  Feb.  1588-9. 
In  Parl.  Hist.  iv.  326. 

10.  Latin  poems  printed  after  his  death.     They 
seem  to  be  now  unknown.     Sir  John  Harington  in 
his  Orlando  Furioso,  b.  22,  p.   175,  gives  one  stanza 
with  his  own  translation. 

11.  Letters.     Many  of  these  are  printed. 


358  EMMANUEL   COLLEGE. 

This  college  is  a  perpetual  monument  of  his  high 
regard  for  literature.  He  was  one  of  the  original 
governors  of  the  free  grammar  school  established  at 
Chelmsford  in  March  1550-1,  and  gave  an  annuity 
of  52s.  to  Christ's  hospital  in  London,  by  deed  dated 
10  April  1556.  To  Christ's  college  he,  by  deed  dated 
10  March  1568-9,  gave  £20  a-year,  payable  out  of 
the  manor  of  Farcet  co.  Huntingdon,  for  the  foun- 
dation of  a  greek  lectureship  and  six  scholarships, 
and  for  an  annual  stipend  to  a  preacher.  In  1575 
he  gave  stone  for  completing  the  tower  of  Great 
S.  Mary's  and  he  warmly  encouraged  the  foundation 
of  the  free  school  at  Middleton  in  Lancashire. 

Besides  the  portraits  of  sir  Walter  Mildmay  at  this 
college,  there  is  a  portrait  of  him  at  Moulsham  hall 
near  Chelmsford.  His  portrait  has  been  engraved 
by  J.  Faber  and  E.  Harding.  To  another  print  of 
him  no  engraver's  name  is  attached. 

Arms:  Per  fess  nebule  argent  and  sable,  three 
greyhounds'  heads  couped  counterchanged  collared 
gules,  studded  or. 

THE  FOUNDATION. — Queen  Elizabeth  by  her  charter 
dated  llth  of  January,  in  the  26th  year  of  her  reign> 
[1583-4]  empowered  sir  Walter  Mildmay,  his  heirs, 
executors,  and  assigns  for  the  propagation  of  the 
pure  gospel  of  Christ,  and  in  praise  and  honour  of 
Almighty  God,  to  erect,  found,  and  establish  for  all 
time  to  endure,  a  certain  college  of  sacred  theology, 
the  sciences,  philosophy  and  good  arts,  of  one  master 
and  thirty  fellows  and  scholars  graduate  or  non-grad- 
uate, or  more  or  fewer,  according  to  the  ordinances 
and  statutes  of  the  same  college,  (to  be  made  and 


EMMANUEL   COLLEGE.  359 

established  by  sir  Walter,  his  heirs,  executors,  or 
assigns)  in  the  town  and  university  of  Cambridge, 
in  the  capital  messuage  or  house  there  with  the 
appurtenances,  known  by  the  name  of  the  house 
or  priory  of  the  friars  preachers,  commonly  called 
the  Blacke  Friers,  within  or  near  the  town  of 
Cambridge,  such  college  to  be  called  the  college 
of  Emmanuel.  Ample  power  was  given  to  sir  Walter 
Mildmay,  his  heirs,  &c.  to  appoint  the  master,  fellows, 
and  scholars,  who  were  duly  incorporated  and  em- 
powered to  sue  and  be  sued. 

The  college  was  soon  afterwards  established  ac- 
cordingly by  sir  Walter  Mildmay,  who  gave  a  code 
of  statutes,  bearing  date  1  October,  1585.  Supple- 
mental statutes  were  given  by  him  in  December  1587, 
and  on  the  last  day  of  February  1587-8. 

It  is  a  remarkable  circumstance  that  during  the 
commonwealth  no  less  than  eleven  heads  of  other 
colleges  in  this  university  came  from  this  house. (a) 

In  1650  this  college  and  Sidney  college  were 
admitted  into  the  cycle  for  the  nomination  of  proctors, 
taxors,  and  scrutators. (b) 

On  4  July,  1729  king  George  II.  granted  a 
licence  to  the  college  to  acquire  in  mortmain  lands 
and  other  hereditaments,  to  the  yearly  value  of  £500. 

(a)  viz.  Lazarus  Seaman,  master  of  Peterhouse;  Theophilus  Dillingham, 
master  of  Clare  hall ;  AVilliam  Dell,  master  of  Caius  college ;  Benjamin 
AVhichcote,  provost  of  King's  college  ;  Thomas  Horton,  president  of  Queen's 
college ;  William  Spurstow,  master  of  Catharine  hall ;  John  Worthington, 
master  of  Jesus  college ;  Anthony  Tuckney,  master  of  S.  John's  college ; 
Ralph  Cudworth,  master  of  Christ's  college ;  John  Sadler,  master  of  Mag- 
dalen college  ;  and  Thomas  Hill,  master  of  Trinity  college. 

(i)  An  attempt  to  get  this  college  a  place  in  the  cycle,  was  made  as 
early  as  8  July,  1586. 


360  EMMANUEL   COLLEGE. 

The  society  on  the  29th  of  September,  1784,  cele- 
brated its  two  hundredth  anniversary.  After  a  sermon 
and  Te  Deum  in  the  chapel,  a  latin  speech  was  delivered 
in  commemoration  of  the  founder  and  benefactors, 
and  an  anthem  was  sung.  A  splendid  dinner  was 
given  in  the  hall,  of  which  about  one  hundred  and 
fifty  partook.  The  earl  of  Westmorland  the  foun- 
der's representative  and  Mr.  Pitt  were  present. 

New  statutes  for  the  government  of  the  society 
passed  the  common  seal  of  the  university  com- 
missioners 16  May,  and  4  August,  1860. 

BENEFACTORS. — Queen  Elizabeth  endowed  the 
college  with  the  yearly  rent  of  £16.  13s.  4c?. ;  Henry 
Harvey,  LL.D.  master  of  Trinity  hall,  devised  a 
house  called  the  Chalice,  in  S.  Andrew's,  Cambridge ; 
Edward  Leeds,  LL.D.  master  of  Clare  hall,  gave 
one  thousand  marks  to  the  fabric ;  sir  Francis 
Walsingham,  secretary  of  state,  and  brother-in-law 
of  the  founder,  gave  the  advowson  of  Thurcaston 
in  Leicestershire;  Henry  Hastings,  earl  of  Hunt- 
ingdon, K.G.  gave  the  advowsons  of  North  Cadbury 
and  Aller  in  Somersetshire,  Loughborough  in  Leices- 
tershire, and  Piddleton(a)  in  Dorsetshire ;  Joyce 
Frankland,  widow,  gave  £40 ;  sir  Thomas  Skyimer, 
alderman  of  London,  gave  £8  per  annum ;  Thomas 
Smythe,  esq.  of  Westerhanger  in  Kent,  the  royal 
customer,  gave  messuages  in  Gracechurch  street, 
London;  Thomas  Popeson,  M.A.  sometime  fellow 
of  King's  college,  and  the  feoffees  of  the  town  lands 
of  Bungay,  gave  the  college  the  patronage  of  the  free 
school  at  Bungay  and  a  rent  charge  of  £10  a  year; 

(a)  Owing  to  a  flaw,  the  advowson  of  Piddleton  was  lost  by  the  college. 


EMMANUEL   COLLEGE.  361 

sir  Robert  Jerinyn,  of  Ruskbrooke  in  Suffolk,  settled 
£8  per  annum;  sir  Wolstan  Dixie,  alderman  of 
London,  contributed  £650  to  the  fabric,  and  founded 
fellowships  and  scholarships;  lady  Mary  Dixie,  his 
wife,  founded  greek  and  hebrew  lectureships;  John 
Titley,  having  by  will  expressed  a  design  of  estab- 
lishing a  fellowship  or  scholarship  in  this  college, 
his  widow,  in  1595  by  will  left  £130  to  the  cor- 
poration of  King's  Lynn,  for  exhibitions  in  this 
house ;  sir  Henry  Killigrew  gave  £140  in  order 
that  part  of  S.  Nicholas'  hostel  might  be  converted 
into  lodgings  for  Laurence  Chaderton,  the  first  master 
of  this  college;  Anthony  Radcliff,  alderman  of  Lon- 
don, gave  £100  ;  Francis  Chamberlain,  esq.,  of  Little 
Melton  in  Norfolk,  gave  the  advowson  of  that  church, 
and  founded  scholarships ;  sir  John  Hart,  alderman 
of  London,  gave  £50 ;  John  Freston,  esq.  of  Altofts 
in  Yorkshire,  about  1604  left  £500  to  found  fellow- 
ships and  scholarships  here  ;(o) — Ellis  of  Yorkshire  gave 
one  hundred  marks;  Edmund  English,  esq.,  of  West- 
minster, gave  £1000  to  augment  certain  fellowships 
and  scholarships ;  Nicholas  Fuller,  esq.  of  Gray's  inn, 
gave  houses  in  London,  then  let  for  £20  a  year; 
Elizabeth,  widow  of  Richard  Walter,  girdler  of  Lon- 
don, founded  two  fellowships ;  sir  Francis  Hastings, 
knight,  settled  £8  per  annum ;  Martha,  wife  of  John 
Heigham,  ofBenham  in  Suffolk,  gave  £100;  William 
Neale,  esq.  auditor  of  the  exchequer,  gave  the  advow- 
sons  of  King's  Brompton  and  Winsford  in  Somerset- 
shire; Alice,  widow  of  William  Elkin,  alderman  of 

(a)  His  foundation  was  ultimately  transferred  to  Sidney  college,  with 
the  consent  of  the  master  and  fellows  of  this  society. 


362  EMMANUEL  COLLEGE. 

London,  and  wife  of  Thomas  Owen,  justice  of  the  com- 
mon pleas,  founded  a  fellowship  and  a  scholarship; 
William  Branthwaite,  D.D.  master  of  Caius  college, 
and  one  of  the  first  fellows  of  this  house,  founded 
two  exhibitions,  gave  £20  to  the  library,  and 
plate;  lady  Grace  Mildmay,  widow  of  sir  Anthony 
Mildmay,  the  founder's  eldest  son,  gave  by  will 
£8  annually  for  exhibition  of  poor  scholars; 
Robert  Ryece,  in  1620  gave  the  advowson  of  the 
rectory  of  Preston  in  Suffolk ;  John  Morley,  of  Michael- 
ham  in  Sussex,  gave  a  messuage  in  Bishopsgate  street, 
London;  Robert  Johnson,  archdeacon  of  Leicester, 
founded  four  scholarships ;  William  Romney,  esq. 
sometime  lord  mayor  of  London,  gave  the  advow- 
son of  North  Luffenham  in  Rutland ;  John  Richardson, 
D.D.  master  of  Trinity  college,  and  sometime  fellow 
of  this  house,  bequeathed  in  1625  to  the  library  of  this 
college  all  his  books,  in  folio  and  quarto;  Dame 
Rebecca  Romney,  in  1629  gave  £12  per  annum  to 
two  divinity  students  in  this  college  ;(a)  Thomas 
Hobbs,  esq.  of  Braintree,  in  1631  settled  annuities 
on  two  poor  scholars  of  this  house ;  Walter  Travers, 
gave  £100  to  found  a  scholarship ;  William  Bancroft, 

(rt)  Other  early  benefactors  were  :  sir  Richard  Ashton  of  Middleton  in 
Lancashire ;  John  Barnes,  of  S.  Martin  Outwitch,  London ;  William 
Bright  minister  of  Shrewsbury,  sometime  fellow ;  Richard  Culverwell,  alder- 
man of  London ;  Samuel  Culverwell  of  Cherryburton,  Yorkshire ;  Mary, 
wife  of  sir  L.  Darrel,  of  Essex;  Walter  Fish,  tailor  to  queen  Elizabeth; 
John  Francis,  fellow  of  Trinity  college ;  William  Haynes,  head  master  of 
Merchant  Taylor's  school ;  Martha  Jermyn ;  Richard  Knightley,  esq.  of 
Preston, Northumberland ;  sir  Sampson  Lennard,  of  WestWickham,  Kent; 
sir  Henry  Mildmay,  of  Essex  ;  Alexander  Nowell,  D.D.,  dean  of  S.  Paul's ; 
—  Shipton,  citizen  of  London  ;  John  Sleigh  of  Barnard's  inn,  gent. ;  Robert 
Snagge,  esq.  of  Letchworth,  Hertfordshire;  John  Spendloffe,  esq.  of 
Fulthorpe,  Lincolnshire ;  Robert  Taylor,  esq.  of  Babraham,  £20. 


EMMANUEL   COLLEGE.  363 

D.D.  master,  in  1637  bequeathed  £100  to  purchase 
plate  for  the  holy  communion ;  Walter  Richards, 
in  1641  founded  two  exhibitions ;  Richard  Holdsworth, 
D.D.,  ejected  master,  in  1649  bequeathed  a  great  part 
of  his  books  to  the  library ;  Francis  Ash,  merchant 
of  London,  and  master  of  the  Muscovy  company,  in 
1654  gave  the  manor  of  Shernbourne,  Norfolk,  for  buy- 
ing books,  and  endowing  ten  scholarships ;  John  Wells, 
B.D.,  rector  of  Thurning,  in  1656  gave  a  yearly  rent 
charge  of  £4  for  an  exhibition,  and  the  advowson  of 
Thurning ;  John  Browne,  gent.,  in  1662  gave  an  estate 
at  Islington,  for  the  exhibition  of  scholars  in  this  and 
Christ's  college  5  Geoffrey  Watts  founded  a  scholarship. 
Between  1668  and  1675,  the  following  contribu- 
tions were  made  for  the  new  chapel : 

John  Allen,  esq.,  of  Gray's  inn,  £20;  Mrs.  Anne  Anthill 
(in  memory  of  her  son  Edward  Osburn,  B.A.,  of  this  college) 
£15;  Edmund  Arnold,  esq.,  registrar  of  the  prerogative  court, 
£5;  James  Bell,  clerk,  of  Suffolk,  £10;  John  Breton,  D.D. 
master,  £900  ;  John  Bradshaw,  B.D.  £20 ;  sir  Roger  Burgoyne, 
bart.,  £10;  William  Cartwright,  esq.  of  Ossington  in  Notting- 
hamshire, £10  ;  Edmund  Castell,  D.D.  professor  of  arabic,  £20; 
Richard  Clark,  B.D.  rector  of  Luffenham,  £10  ;  William  Clark, 
D.D.  dean  of  Winchester,  £30 ;  Thomas  Clutterbook,  D.D. 
£10  ;  sir  John  Coel,  master  in  chancery,  £5  ;  Philip  Cornwallis, 
M.A.  £5 ;  John  Cosin,  bishop  of  Durham,  £50 ;  Richard  Cox, 
D.D.  £10.  10s. ;  Zachary  Cradock,  D.D.  £4 ;  George  Daven- 
port, M.A.  £13.  6s.  8d. ;  John  Davenport,  D.D.  £20 ;  sir  Edward 
Dering,  bart.,  £20  *  Thomas  Ducket,  esq.  of  Steeple  Morden, 
£10 ;  Charles  Fane,  earl  of  Westmorland,  forty  timber  trees ; 
John  Feake,  M.A.  of  Coventry,  £l  ;  James  Gardiner,  D.D. 
subdean  (afterwards  bishop)  of  Lincoln,  £5.  5s.;  sir  Robert 
Gayer,  K.B.  £1040;  sir  Harbottle  Grimston,  master  of  the 
rolls,  £21  ;  sir  Matthew  Hern,  alderman  of  London,  £33. 14s.  6(7. ; 
John  Holbech,  D.D.  master,  and  Anne  his  wife,  £1030;  Peter 


364  EMMANUEL   COLLEGE. 

Honywood  of  Kent,  £10 ;  Peter  Hussey,  esq.  of  Sutton  place, 
Surrey,  £20 ;  Thomas  Jackson,  B.D.  £40 ;  Nicholas  Jacob, 
esq.,  master  in  chancery,  £20 ;  sir  Thomas  Jones,  justice  of  the 
king's  bench,  £5.  5s. ;  Thomas  Leigh,  B.D.  £10 ;  Benjamin 
Middleton,  fellow  commoner,  £10 ;  Nathaniel  Mott,  M.A.  and 
Mr.  Rous,  the  bell ;  Barnabas  Oley,  B.D.  canon  of  Worcester, 
a  fair  bible  in  2  vols.  of  Ogilby's  print;  John  Palmer,  arch- 
deacon of  Northampton,  £10  ;  sir  Francis  Pemberton,  serjeant- 
at-law,  afterwards  chief-justice,  £20 ;  hon.  William  Pierrepoint, 
afterwards  earl  of  Kingston,  £20  ;  Matthew  Pindar,  esq.  a  clerk 
in  chancery,  £50 ;  sir  Thomas  Proby,  £30 ;  sir  Thomas  Rich, 
bart.  £100  and  the  lady  Elizabeth  his  widow,  £100 ;  William 
Sancroft,  archbishop  of  Canterbury,  £586.  10s.  and  a  common 
prayer  book  of  imperial  paper ;  William  Sandford,  B.D.  £5 ; 
Nathaniel  Simonds,  fellow  commoner,  £10;  Robert  Soresby, 
D.D.  precentor  of  York,  £20 ;  sir  James  Sterling,  alderman  of 
London,  £50 ;  John  Sudbury,  D.D.  dean  of  Durham,  £600 ; 
George  Thorp,  D.D.  £10;  sir  Christopher  Tumor,  baron  of 
the  exchequer,  £10  ;  sir  Thomas  Twysden,  justice  of  the  king's 
bench,  £10;  an  unknown  person  (supposed  lady  Gayer), 
£22.  6s.  8d. ;  John  Whitefoot,  M.A.  of  Norwich,  £5 ;  Samuel 
Wilson,  £1.  Is.  Qd. ;  sir  Philip  Wodehouse  of  Kimberly  in 
Norfolk,  £5.  7s.  Bd. ;  Daniel  Yates,  M.A.  £10. 

Mrs.  Anne  Hunt  of  Suffolk,  in  1671  founded  two 
exhibitions;  John  Breton,  D.D.  master,  in  addition 
to  large  contributions  to  the  chapel,  left  in  1676  the 
advowson  of  Wallington,  and  gave  all  his  books 
to  the  library;  Rachel,  daughter  of  Francis  Fane, 
earl  of  Westmorland,  and  widow  of  Henry  Bourchier, 
earl  of  Bath,  in  1677  gave  books  to  the  library; 
Benjamin  Whichcote,  D.D.  sometime  fellow  of  this 
house  and  afterwards  provost  of  King's  college,  left 
real  property  for  the  endowment  of  scholarships ; 
Thomas  Holbech,  D.D.  master,  besides  munificent 
gifts  to  the  chapel,  bequeathed  in  1684  books  to 


EMMANUEL    COLLEGE.  365 

the  library,  and  above  £50  per  annum  for  a  catechist 
and  a  reader  of  ecclesiastical  history ;  William 
Croune,  M.D.,  in  1684  bequeathed  all  his  mathematical 
books  to  the  library;  John  Sudbury,  D.D.,  dean  of 
Durham,  in  addition  to  a  noble  donation  to  the 
chapel,  gave  £6  for  an  annual  prize  and  founded  a 
greek  lectureship ;  Edmund  Castell,  D.D.,  professor 
of  arabic,  in  1685  bequeathed  above  one  hundred 
volumes  of  printed  hebrew  books  to  the  library ; 
William  Sancroft,  ejected  archbishop  of  Canterbury, 
sometime  master,  besides  large  donations  to  the 
chapel,  gave  valuable  books  to  the  library,  the  ad- 
vowson  of  Fressingfield  cum  Withersdale,  fee  farm 
rents  amounting  to  £76  per  annum,  and  the  right 
of  appointment  to  the  mastership  of  Harleston  school ; 
Henry  Paman,  M.D.,  in  1695  bequeathed  £100; 
Mary,  wife  of  sir  Edwin  Sadleir  and  widow  of 
William  Croune,  M.D.,  sometime  fellow,  by  will  in 
1706  made  provision  for  algebraical  lectures  in  this 
and  other  colleges;  George  Thorp,  D.D.,  canon  of 
Canterbury,  in  1719  gave  lands  at  Ash  near  Sand- 
wich to  found  scholarships;  Richard  Gillingham, 
M.A.,  vicar  of  Chigwell,  Essex,  in  1721  founded  a 
fellowship;  Nicholas  Aspinal,  rector  of  S.  Peter's, 
Bedford,  and  master  of  the  grammar  school  there, 
in  1727  bequeathed  £100 ;  Thomas  Fane,  sixth  earl 
of  Westmorland,  gave  £500  for  improving  the  build- 
ings ;  Charles,  first  viscount  Maynard,  largely  con- 
tributed to  the  same  object,  towards  which  John 
Newcase  of  Westmorland  also  gave  £500 ;  John 
Browne,  B.D.,  rector  of  Wallington,  by  will,  in  1736 
bequeathed  upwards  of  £2000  to  augment  the  master- 


366  EMMANUEL   COLLEGE. 

ship  and  four  senior  fellowships,  and  to  found  two 
greek  scholarships,  he  also  gave  to  the  library  £50 
and  a  portion  of  his  books ;  John  Fane,  seventh 
earl  of  Westmorland,  gave  £200  to  the  fabric ; 
Michael  Smith,  D.D.,  rector  of  Freckenham,  gave 
£800  to  purchase  land  to  found  an  exhibition,  and 
for  repair  of  the  college  and  chapel ;  Henry  Hubbard, 
B.D.  fellow,  in  1778  gave  his  books  to  the  library, 
and  nearly  £5000,  part  of  the  income  whereof  he 
directed  to  be  applied  to  augment  the  annual  prize 
and  certain  scholarships ;  James  Devie,  B.D.,  vicar  of 
Stanground,  in  1808  bequeathed  £3,500  stock  to  aug- 
ment the  mastership ;  Richard  Hurd,  bishop  of  Wor- 
cester, many  years  fellow  of  the  college,  bequeathed 
£2000  stock,  to  augment  the  stipend  of  the  master 
and  four  senior  fellows ;  Mr.  Thomas,  fellow  com- 
moner, in  1811  gave  £500  towards  restoring  a  portion 
of  the  college  destroyed  by  an  accidental  fire  which 
broke  out  in  his  rooms ;  sir  Busick  Harwood,  M.D. 
in  1814  founded  an  exhibition ;  Richard  Hurd,  esq. 
of  Worcester,  in  1828  bequeathed  £2000  stock  to 
augment  the  stipend  of  the  master  and  senior  fellows ; 
John  Cooke,  M.A.  in  1850  gave  funded  property 
for  a  prize;  the  rev.  William  Hardyman,  B.D.  late 
fellow,  founded  an  annual  classical  prize;  Henry 
Lusby,  esq.  of  Stratford  in  Essex,  bequeathed  pro- 
perty to  the  amount  of  £330  per  annum. 

.  EMINENT  MEN. — William  Bradshaw,  author  of  an 
exposition  of  the  Corinthians  and  other  works,  died 
1618.  William  Branthwaite,  D.D.,  fellow,  one  of 
the  translators  of  the  Bible,  and  master  of  Caius 
college,  died  1618-9.  James  Wadsworth,  celebrated 


EMMANUEL   COLLEGE.  367 

for  his  correspondence  with  William  Bedell  on  the 
tenets  of  the  church  of  Rome,  died  1623.  Ralph 
Cudworth,  fellow,  rector  of  Aller,  Somersetshire, 
a  famous  preacher,  died  1624.  John  Richardson, 
D.D.,  fellow  of  this  house,  master  successively  of 
Peterhouse  and  Trinity  college,  and  one  of  the 
translators  of  the  Bible,  died  1625.  Oliver  Ormerod, 
an  able  polemical  writer,  died  1626.  Charles  Chad- 
wick,  D.D.  fellow,  rector  of  Woodham  Ferrers,  Essex, 
a  noted  puritan,  died  1627.  John  Preston,  D.D. 
master,  author  of  pious  and  learned  works,  died 
1628.  John  Downe,  fellow,  rector  of  Instone, 
Devon,  author  of  learned  theological  treatises,  died 
1631.  John  Playfere,  rector  of  Depden,  Suffolk, 
author  of  Appello  Evangeliurn,  died  1631.  John 
Richardson,  D.D.  dean  of  Hereford,  died  1636. 
William  Jones,  D.D.  fellow,  author  of  commentaries 
on  Philemon  and  the  Hebrews,  and  of  other  theo- 
logical works,  died  1636.  Ezekiel  Culverwell,  author 
of  a  treatise  on  Faith,  and  of  other  works,  flourished 
1637.  John  Harvard,  founder  of  Harvard  college 
in  New  England,  died  1638.  John  Stoughton,  D.D. 
fellow,  rector  of  S.  Mary  Aldermanbury,  author  of 
sermons  and  other  works,  died  1639.  Laurence 
Chaderton,  D.D.  master,  one  of  the  translators  of  the 
Bible,  died  1640.  Andrew  Marvell,  author  of  a 
commentary  on  the  Creed,  died  1640.  John  Yates, 
fellow,  sometime  minister  of  S.  Andrew's  Norwich, 
author  of  various  controversial  works,  flourished 
1640.  Jeremiah  Horrox,  an  astronomer  of  high 
repute,  died  1640-1.  Hugh  Cholmeley,  fellow,  sub- 
dean  of  Exeter,  an  able  controversialist,  died  1641. 


368  EMMANUEL    COLLEGE. 

William  Eyre,  D.D.  fellow,  canon  of  Ely,  a  profound 
hebrew  scholar,  died  1641.  William  Bedell,  fellow, 
bishop  of  Kilmore,  died  1641-2.  John  Gifford,  D.D. 
author  of  a  latin  treatise  on  the  maintenance  of  the 
ministers  of  the  Grospel,  ejected  from  the  rectory  of 
S.  Michael  Bassishaw  London,  1642.  Samuel  Ward, 
D.D.,  master  of  Sidney  college,  Margaret  professor 
of  divinity,  one  of  the  translators  of  the  Bible, 
died  1643.  John  Bainbrigg,  M.D.,  Savilian  professor 
of  astronomy  at  Oxford,  died  1643.  William 
Mewe,  fellow,  latin  dramatist,  flourished  1643. 
Jeremy  Burroughs,  a  celebrated  preacher  in  England 
and  Holland,  author  of  expositions  of  scripture 
sermons,  controversial  and  other  treatises,  died  1646. 
Josiah  Symonds,  rector  of  S.  Martin's  Ironmonger 
lane,  London,  and  afterwards  minister  at  Rotterdam, 
author  of  the  Case  and  Cure  of  a  Deserted  Soul, 
died  1646.  Thomas  Hooker,  fellow,  a  celebrated 
preacher  in  England  and  America,  and  author  of 
many  theological  works,  died  1647.  Ephraim  Udal, 
ejected  rector  of  S.  Augustine  Watling  street, 
London,  author  of  a  learned  treatise  against  sac- 
rilege, and  of  other  works,  died  1647.  Henry  Rich, 
earl  of  Holland,  chancellor  of  the  university,  be- 
headed 1648-9.  Richard  Holdsworth,  D.D.  master, 
dean  of  Worcester,  a  great  divine,  died  1649. 
Thomas  Shepard,  pastor  of  Cambridge  in  New 
England,  author  of  numerous  theological  works,  died 
1649.  Samuel  Crook,  fellow,  rector  of  Wrington, 
Somersetshire,  an  admired  preacher,  and  author  of 
sermons  and  devotional  works,  died  1649.  Anthony 
Martin,  bishop  of  Meath,  died  1650.  Benjamin 


369 

curious 
-  of 


EMMANUEL   COLLEGE.  369 

Spencer,  ejected  rector  of  Esher,  in  Surrey,  a  curious 
writer,  flourished  1650.     Samuel  Hudson,  author  of 
The    Essence    and   Unity    of   the   Visible   Catholic 
Church,  flourished  1650.     Richard  Knight,  professor 
of  music  at  Grresham  college,  died  1651.     Nathaniel 
Culyerwell,   fellow,    author   of   a    Discourse   of   the 
Light    of   Nature    and   several   other   Miscellaneous 
Tracts,    died    about   1651.(a)      John    Smith,    author 
of     Select     Discourses    in     Divinity,     died     1652. 
Samuel  Foster,  professor  of  astronomy  at  Gresham 
college,      author     of     various     mathematical     pub- 
lications,   died    1652.      Thomas    Hill,    D.D.,    master 
successively   of   this    college*  and    Trinity    college, 
and  one  of  the  assembly  of  divines,  died  1652.    John 
Cotton,    fellow,   a   celebrated   preacher  in   England 
and  America,  author  of  a  commentary  on  S.  John, 
sermons  and  theological  treatises,  died  1652.     John 
Mayer,  D.D.,  author  of  a  Treasury  of  Ecclesiastical 
Expositions  and  of  other  theological  works,  flourished 
1652.   Nathaniel  Ward,  a  celebrated  preacher  in  Eng- 
land and  America,  died  1653.     John  Almond,  fellow, 
preacher   at  King's   Lynn,  a  great  hebrew  scholar, 
died   1653.       Timothy   Rogers,    author    of   various 
works  on  practical  divinity,  died  about  1653.     John 
Bastwick,  M.D.  a  famous  writer  against  the  Church 
of    England     and    the    independents,    died    1654. 
Nathaniel  Rogers,  an  eminent  preacher  in  England 
and  America,  died  1655.     Stephen  Marshall,  one  of 
the  assembly  of  divines,  author  of  numerous  sermons 

(a)  A  new  edition  of  the  Discourse  of  the  Light  of  Nature  by  John 
Brown,  D.D.  Edinb.,  with  a  critical  essay  by  John  Cairns,  M.A.  was  pub- 
lished, Edinb.  8vo.  1857. 

VOL.  II.  A  A 


370  EMMANUEL   COLLEGE. 

and  controversial  works,  died  1655.  Paul  De 
Laune,  M.D.  professor  of  physic  at  Gresham  college, 
died  1655.  Joseph  Hall,  fellow,  bishop  of  Norwich, 
died  1656.  Edward  Bright,  fellow,  minister  of 
Christ  church  London,  a  celebrated  preacher,  died 
1656.  Philip  Edlin,  ejected  preacher  of  Gray's  inn, 
died  about  1656.  William  Basse,  poet,  flourished 
1656.  Thomas  Ball,  fellow,  author  of  the  Life  of 
Dr.  John  Preston  and  Pastorurn  Propugnaculum, 
died  1659.  John  Bradshaw,  president  of  the  high 
court  of  justice  for  the  trial  of  Charles  I.,  died 

1659.  Hamon  L'Estrange,  author  of  The  Alliance 
of  Divine  Offices,    died    1660.       John   Finch,    lord 
Finch  of  Fordwich,    sometime   lord   keeper   of  the 
great  seal,   died    1660.       Charles   Lambert,    earl  of 
Cavan,  a  distinguished  commander  in  the  civil  war, 
died  1660.     Adoniram  Byfield,  one  of  the  scribes  of 
the  Assembly  of  Divines,  died  1660.     Peter  Sterry, 
fellow,  a  famous  mystical  divine,    died  about  1660. 
Walter   Foster,    fellow,    ejected   rector   of  Allerton, 
Somersetshire,  a  celebrated  mathematician,  flourished 

1660.  John     Bachelor,    fellow    of    Eton    college, 
a     leading     independent     divine,     flourished    1661. 
Nicholas   Bernard,  D.D.,  sometime  dean  of  Ardagh, 
a   learned   divine,    author    and   editor    of  numerous 
works,  died  1661.     Simeon  Ash,  rector  of  S.  Austin 
Watling    street,    London,    author    of  numerous    ser- 
mons and  other  works,  died   1662.      John  Reyner, 
fellow,    arabic    scholar,    flourished    1662.       Samuel 
Stone,    a    celebrated    preacher    in    New    England, 
where   he   died    1663.       John   Arthur,  B.D.,  ejected 
rector  of  Clapham,    a   noted  theologian,  died  about 


EMMANUEL   COLLEGE.  373 

Poole,  the  great  biblical  critic,  died  1679.     William 
Staine,   M.D.,   treasurer  of  the  college  of  physicians, 
died    1679.       Stephen    Charnock,    sometime    fellow 
of  New  college  Oxford,  afterwards  an   independent 
minister  in  London,  author  of  a  Discourse  on  Divine 
Providence,    and    of   other    esteemed    works,    died 
1680.     Henry  Pierrepoint,  marquess   of  Dorchester, 
famed  for  his  learning,  died  1680.     Thomas  Brooks, 
ejected    rector    of    S.    Margaret    New    Fish    street 
London,  author  of  numerous  theological  works,  died 
1680.     Samuel  Clark,  ejected  minister  of  S.    Benet 
Fink,  London,  author  of  numerous  biographical  and 
other  works,  died  1682.     Richard  Fairclough,  fellow, 
ejected  rector  of  Mellis,  Suffolk,  died   1682.     John 
Bradshaw,    rector   of  Cublington,    Bucks,    author   of 
Discourses   on   oaths   and  tenderness  of  conscience, 
died   1682.      Sir  Thomas   Twysden,  justice   of  the 
king's     bench,     died     1682-3.       Nicholas    Lockyer, 
ejected  provost  of  Eton  college,  author  of  numerous 
sermons   and   other  works,    died   1683.     Vere  Har- 
court,    D.D.  archdeacon   of  Nottingham,    died    1683. 
Nathaniel  Ingelo,  highly  skilled  in  music,  and  author 
of  curious  works,  died  1683.     Benjamin  Whichcote, 
D.D.   fellow,    provost   of    King's    college,    author   of 
much   esteemed  moral   and  theological  works,  died 
1683.     Sir  Harbottle  Grimston,  master  of  the  rolls, 
died  1683.     William  Croone,    M.D.    fellow,    professor 
of  rhetoric  at    Gresham  college,    a   celebrated   phy- 
sician   and   natural   philosopher,    died    1684.      John 
Sudbury,  D.D.  dean  of  Durham,  died  1684.     Edmund 
Castell,  D.D.  professor  of  Arabic,  author  of  Lexicon 
Heptaglotton,   died   1685.     George  Fownes,  ejected 


374  EMMANUEL   COLLEGE. 

vicar  of  High  Wycombe,  Bucks,  and  afterwards  a 
celebrated  baptist  preacher  at  Bristol,  died  1685. 
James  Buck,  D.D.  ejected  for  his  loyalty  from  the 
vicarage  of  Stradbrooke,  Suffolk,  and  afterwards 
preacher  at  the  Temple,  died  1685-6.  Thomas 
Jacomb,  D.D.  ejected  rector  of  S.  Martin's,  Ludgate, 
London,  author  of  numerous  sermons,  died  1687. 
Jonathan  Hannier,  ejected  vicar  of  Bishops  Tawton, 
Devon,  author  of  an  Exercitation  upon  Confirmation 
and  other  works,  died  1687.  Ealph  Cudworth,  D.D. 
fellow,  master  successively  of  Clare  hall  and  Christ's 
college,  author  of  the  True  Intellectual  System  of 
the  Universe,  died  1688.  William  Clagett,  D.D., 
preacher  of  Gray's  inn,  a  learned  controversialist, 
died  1688.  Daniel  Dyke,  ejected  minister  of  Much 
Hadham,  Hertfordshire,  and  afterwards  a  celebrated 
baptist  minister  in  London,  died  1688.  Thomas 
Hodges,  ejected  rector  of  Soulderne,  Oxfordshire, 
author  of  a  treatise  on  prayer,  sermons,  and  other 
works,  died  1688.  Richard  Jackson,  alias  Keurden, 
M.D.,  the  Lancashire  antiquary,  flourished  1688. 
Thomas  Watson,  ejected  rector  of  S.  Stephen's 
Walbrook,  London,  author  of  numerous  sermons 
and  theological  works,  died  about  1689.  William 
Dillingham,  D.D.  master,  latin  poet  and  contro- 
versialist, died  1689.  John  Collinges,  D.D.  ejected 
vicar  of  S.  Stephen's  Norwich,  author  of  numerous 
sermons  and  other  theological  works,  died  1690. 
Samuel  Fairclough,  a  nonconformist  of  high  cha- 
racter, and  an  admirable  preacher,  died  1691. 
Sir  Thomas  Jones,  chief  justice  of  the  common 
pleas,  died  1692.  John  Ward,  a  celebrated  preacher 


EMMANUEL   COLLEGE.  375 

at  Haverhill  in  America,  died  1693.  Francis 
Fulwood,  D.D.  archdeacon  of  Totnes,  died  1693. 
William  Sancroft,  master,  archbishop  of  Canter- 
bury, died  1693.  John  Hlingworth,  fellow,  author 
of  large  biographical  collections,  died  1693.  Francis 
Marsh,  archbishop  of  Dublin,  died  1693.  Richard 
Hollingworth,  D.D.  minister  of  S.  Botolph  Aldgate 
London,  and  vicar  of  Westham,  Essex,  author  of 
various  controversial  works  and  sermons,  flourished 
1693.  John  Tenipler,  D.D.  rector  of  Balsham,  author 
of  theological  treatises,  flourished  1694.  Zachariah 
Cradock,  D.D.  provost  of  Eton  college,  and  preben- 
dary of  Chichester,  highly  esteemed  for  his  piety, 
learning  and  eloquence,  died  1695.  Henry  Paman, 
M.D.  public  orator,  died  1695.  George  Bright, 
D.D.  fellow,  dean  of  S.  Asaph,  died  1695.  Simon 
Bradstreet,  governor  of  New  England,  died  1697. 
Giles  Firrnin,  ejected  vicar  of  Shalford,  Essex,  con- 
troversialist and  oriental  scholar,  died  1697.  Henry 
Jenks,  author  of  The  Christian  Tutor,  and  other 
works,  died  1697.  Sir  Francis  Pemberton,  chief 
justice  of  the  king's  bench,  died  1697.  Sir  Pury 
Gust,  military  commander,  died  1698-9.  William 
Bates,  D.D.  a  celebrated  nonconformist,  author  of 
many  excellent  theological  works,  died  1699. 

Sir  William  Temple,  statesman,  diplomatist,  es- 
sayist, and  miscellaneous  writer,  died  1700.  Thomas 
Clutterbuck,  D.D.  archdeacon  of  Winchester,  died 
1700.  Richard  Kiddcr,  fellow,  bishop  of  Bath  and 
Wells,  died  1703.  John  Wallis,  D.D.  Savilian  pro- 
fessor of  geometry  at  Oxford,  an  extraordinary 
mathematician,  author  of  numerous  works,  died 


376  EMMANUEL   COLLEGE. 

1703.  Samuel  Slater,  minister  at  Nayland,  Bury 
S.  Edmund's  and  London,  author  of  a  Discourse 
of  Family  Religion  and  other  sermons,  died  1704. 
Richard  Pearson,  D.D.  rector  of  S.  Michael  Crooked 
lane  London,  a  nonjuror,  author  of  sermons,  and 
editor  of  Dr.  Holdsworth's  works,  died  1704. 
Joseph  Fisher,  archdeacon  of  Carlisle,  died  1704-5. 
James  Gardiner,  bishop  of  Lincoln,  died  1704-5. 
Samuel  Cradock,  fellow,  ejected  rector  of  North 
Cadbury,  author  of  a  Harmony  of  the  four  Evan- 
gelists, Apostolical  History,  The  Old  Testament 
modernised,  and  other  works,  died  1706.  Gregory 
Hascard,  D.D.  dean  of  Windsor,  died  1708.  Nathaniel 
Resbury,  D.D.  rector  of  S.  Paul's  Shadwell,  author 
of  tracts  against  popery,  and  sermons,  died  1711. 
Weyman  Bouchery,  latin  poet,  died  1712.  Joshua 
Barnes,  fellow,  Regius  professor  of  greek,  a  voluminous 
author,  died  1712.  Samuel  Hill,  archdeacon  of  Wells, 
author  of  various  controversial  works,  died  1715-16. 
Peter  Allix,  D.D.  treasurer  of  the  church  of  Sarum, 
a  learned  theological  writer,  died  1716-17.  Laurence 
Fogg,  D.D.  dean  of  Chester,  died  1717-18.  Sir 
Philip  Meadows,  latin  secretary  to  Oliver  Cromwell, 
and  ambassador  to  Portugal,  Denmark,  and  Sweden, 
died  1718.  Samuel  Bourn,  minister  of  a  dissenting 
congregation  at  Calne,  Wiltshire,  and  Bolton,  Lan- 
cashire, author  of  sermons,  devotional  and  polemical 
works,  died  1719.  Sir  Nathan  Wright,  lord  keeper, 
died  1721.  John  Morton,  author  of  the  Natural 
History  of  Northamptonshire,  died  1726.  John 
Richardson,  fellow,  author  of  Prselectiones  Ecclesi- 
asticse,  and  a  vindication  of  the  Canon  of  the  New 


8Ch 


low, 

Gardiner, 
jj   or  and 

! 


EMMANUEL   COLLEGE.  377 

Testament,  died  about  1726.  Nicholas  Aspinall, 
classical  scholar,  died  1727.  Simon  Degg,  M.D. 
antiquary,  died  1729.  Nathaniel  Marshall,  D.D. 
canon  of  Windsor,  editor  of  the  works  S.  Cyprian, 
and  author  of  sermons  and  numerous  controversial 
works,  died  1729-30.  Anthony  Blackwall,  critic 
and  theologian,  died  1730.  Henry  Lee,  D.D.  fellow, 
metaphysician,  flourished  1730.  James  Gardiner, 
subdean  of  Lincoln,  author  of  poems  original  and 
translated,  and  sermons,  died  1731-2.  George 
Harbin,  a  celebrated  nonjuror,  died  1732.  Matthew 
Brailsford,  D.D.  dean  of  "Wells,  died  1734.  Martin 
Warren,  M.D.  fellow,  a  distinguished  physician  at 
Bury  S.  Edmund's,  died  1735-6.  Thomas  Emlyn, 
a  famous  arian  divine,  died  1743.  John  Savage, 
D.D.  rector  of  Clothall,  Hertfordshire,  author  of 
historical  and  miscellaneous  works  and  poems,  died 
1746.  Reuben  Clarke,  D.D.  archdeacon  of  Essex, 
died  1746.  Edward  Abbot,  master  of  Magdalen 
college,  died  1748.  William  Peirse,  fellow,  classical 
scholar,  died  1750.  Edward  Chandler,  bishop  of 
Durham,  died  1751.  Henry  Rider,  D.D.  archdeacon 
of  Derby,  died  1755.  Richard  Arnald,  fellow, 
author  of  a  commentary  on  the  Apocrypha,  died 
1756.  William  Barrowby,  M.D.  a  celebrated  London 
physician,  died  1758.  Daniel  Newcome,  D.D. 
fellow,  dean  of  Gloucester,  died  1758.  John  Colson, 
Lucasian  professor,  died  1760.  William  Law, 
fellow,  author  of  The  Serious  Call  and  other 
works,  died  1761.  Sir  William  Calvcrt,  fellow, 
sometime  lord  mayor  of  London,  died  1761.  John 
Fane,  earl  of  Westmorland,  chancellor  of  the  urii- 


378  EMMANUEL  COLLEGE. 

versity  of  Oxford,  died  1762.  Thomas  Hayter, 
bishop  of  London,  died  1762.  Richard  Dawes, 
fellow,  a  learned  critic  and  classical  scholar,  died 
1766.  Kice  Williams,  archdeacon  of  Caerniarthen, 
died  1767.  John  Martyn,  professor  of  botany, 
died  1768.  Anthony  Askew,  M.D.  an  accom- 
plished classical  scholar  and  physician,  died  1774. 
John  Fane,  earl  of  Westmorland,  died  1774.  William 
Richardson,  D.D.  master,  antiquary,  died  1775. 
James  Hingeston,  author  of  Discourses  upon  the 
Covenants,  died  1777.  Henry  Hubbard,  fellow,  re- 
gistrary  of  the  university,  died  1778.  Thomas  Reeve, 
M.D.  president  of  the  college  of  physicians,  died  1780. 
Robert  Richardson,  D.D.  fellow,  dean  of  Lincoln, 
died  1781.  Thomas  Nevile,  translator  of  Horace, 
Juvenal,  and  Persius,  and  of  the  Greorgics  of  Virgil, 
died  1781.  William  Lewis,  M.D.  an  able  writer  on 
chemistry  and  medicine,  died  1781.  James  Bickharn, 
D.D.  fellow,  archdeacon  of  Leicester,  died  1785. 
Richard  Wright,  M.D.  fellow,  a  celebrated  London 
physician,  died  1786.  Charles  Jackson,  fellow, 
bishop  of  Kildare,  died  1790.  Henry  Homer,  fellow, 
classical  scholar,  died  1791.  John  Gordon,  D.D. 
fellow,  archdeacon  of  Lincoln,  died  1793.  Samuel 
Hardy,  rector  of  Little  Blakenham,  Suffolk,  an  able 
theological  writer,  died  1793.  Richard  Farmer,  D.D. 
master,  antiquary  and  critic,  died  1797. 

Robert  Potter,  canon  of  Norwich,  translator  of 
.ZEschylus,  Euripides,  and  Sophocles,  died  1804. 
Joseph  Plymley,  archdeacon  of  Salop,  died  1804. 
Edward  Evanson,  author  of  many  works  of  heretical 
tendency,  died  1805.  Richard  Hurd,  fellow,  bishop 


EMMANUEL   COLLEGE.  381 


FEONT   OF    EMMANUEL    COLLEGE. 


THE  BUILDINGS.  — Ralph  Simons  the  original 
architect  of  the  college,  appears  to  have  skilfully 
incorporated  some  of  the  old  buildings  of  the  Domi- 
nicans. Part  of  their  church  (which  extended  from 
S.  Andrew's  street  to  the  eastern  end  of  the  com- 
bination-room), was  converted  into  the  college  hall, 
and  the  refectory  of  the  friars  after  being  used  for 
many  years  as  the  chapel  of  the  college,  is  now 
the  library.  Simons's  structure,  which  appears  to 
have  been  of  a  substantial  but  not  very  ornamental 
character,  formed  one  larger  and  two  smaller  courts, 
and  there  was  also  a  building,  which  still  remains, 
facing  the  college  close.  The  college  was  at  that 
period  separated  from  S.  Andrew's  street  by  a 
wall,  the  principal  entrance  being  in  Emmanuel 
lane. 

The  erection  of  a  new  chapel  with  the  adjoin- 
ing cloister  and  a  picture  gallery  over  it  in  the 
reign  of  Charles  II.  gave  the  college  an  ornamental 


382  EMMANUEL   COLLEGE. 

appearance  which  it  had  not  before  possessed;  but 
the  residue  of  the  fabric  appears  to  have  retained 
much  of  its  primitive  simplicity  until  the  early 
part  of  the  reign  of  George  III.,  when  the  hall 
and  the  principal  court  were  modernised,  and  an 
ornamental  front  towards  S.  Andrew's  street  was 
erected  from  the  plans  of  James  Essex,  F.S.A.  ;  the 
old  entrance  from  Emmanuel  lane  being  thereupon 
abandoned. 

Mr.  Essex's  front  which  is  of  Ketton  stone  and 
presents  a  handsome  appearance,  consists  of  a  centre 
having  four  attached  ionic  columns  supporting  a 
pediment  with  the  college  arms  in  the  tympanum, 
and  two  wings  which  are  a  storey  higher  than  the 
centre. 

Adjoining  to  the  north  is  a  building  in  the  per- 
pendicular style  faced  with  stucco,  and  having  fronts 
towards  S.  Andrew's  street  and  Emmanuel  lane. 
This  pile  which  was  erected  in  or  about  1824,  has 
no  pretensions  to  architectural  beauty. 

The  principal  court  measures  one  hundred  and 
twenty-eight  by  one  hundred  and  seven  feet.  On 
the  north  are  the  hall  and  combination  room.  In 
the  centre  of  the  opposite  side  two  ionic  pilasters 
support  a  broken  entablature,  over  which  is  a  balus- 
trade crowned  with  vases.  Between  the  pilasters  is 
an  ionic  doorway  surmounted  by  the  arms  of  the 
earl  of  Westmorland  boldly  carved.  The  west  side 
of  the  court  consists  of  a  piazza,  of  eleven  arches, 
having  chambers  above.  The  chapel  and  the  cloister, 
with  the  picture  gallery  over  the  same  occupy  the 
whole  of  the  eastern  side. 


EMMANUEL   COLLEGE.  383 

The  second  court  has  the  hall  on  the  south, 
students'  apartments  on  the  north,  the  kitchen  and 
other  offices  on  the  west,  and  the  library  on  the 
east. 

At  a  right  angle  with  the  southern  side  of  the 
principal  court  is  an  extensive  row  of  chambers 
constructed  of  brick,  adorned  with  stone  portals, 
window-frames  and  cornices.  This  edifice  which 
was  no  doubt  erected  by  Ralph  Simons,  seems 
to  have  undergone  but  little  subsequent  altera- 
tion. 

THE  CHAPEL. — The  original  chapel  which  was 
never  consecrated(a)  is  now  the  librar}^.  As  the 
structure  runs  north  and  south,  the  circumstance 
gave  rise  to  no  little  observation. 

The  present  chapel  which  runs  east  and  west, 
was  designed  by  sir  Christopher  Wren  and  conse- 
crated by  Dr.  Peter  Gunning,  bishop  of  Ely,  on 

(«)  The  following  is  from  a  paper  sent  from  Cambridge  to  archbishop 
Laud,  23  September,  1636  : 

"In  Emanuel  Coll.  Their  Chappel  is  not  consecrate.  At  Surplice 
prayers  they  sing  nothing  but  certain  riming  Psalms  of  their  own  ap- 
pointment instead  of  ye  Hymnes  between  ye  Lessons.  And  Lessons  they 
read  not  after  ye  order  appointed  in  ye  Callendar  but  after  another  con- 
tinued course  of  their  owne.  All  Service  is  there  done  &  performed 
(Psalmes  and  Hymnes  and  all  if  they  read  any)  by  the  Minister  alone. 
The  Students  are  not  brought  up  nor  accustomed  to  answere  any  verse 
at  all.  Before  Prayers  begin  the  Boyes  come  in  &  sitt  downe  &  put  on 
&  talke  aloude  of  what  they  list  Their  seates  are  placed  round  about  & 
above  the  Communion  Table.  When  they  preach  or  Common  place  they 
omit  all  service  after  y«  first  or  second  Lesson  at  ye  furthest.  Many  of 
their  Schollers  live  and  lodge  in  ye  Towne  Houses,  &  from  thence  they 
come  through  ye  Street  with  Surplices  upon  them  to  Chappell,  &  in  the 
night  time  have  opportunity  to  goe  abroad  &  be  where  they  please.  The 
cause  hereof  is  for  that  they  admit  more  into  y*  Coll.  than  it  is  able  to 
hold.  On  Sundaies  they  use  no  Litanie." — Cooper's  Annals  of  Cambridge, 
iii.  283. 


384  EMMANUEL   COLLEGE. 

the  feast  of  S.  Michael  the  archangel,  1677.  The 
act  of  consecration  specially  permits  sepulture  in 
the  cloister  as  well  as  in  the  chapel. 

The  front  of  the  chapel  consists  of  two  columns 
and  as  many  pilasters  of  the  Corinthian  order  sup- 
porting a  pediment  broken  for  the  reception  of  a 
small  cupola,  which  is  supported  by  six  attached 
Corinthian  columns.  The  sides  and  eastern  end  are 
simple  but  elegant. 

Internally  the  chapel  is  thirty  feet  broad  and 
twenty-seven  feet  high,  and  including  the  ante-chapel 
eighty-four  feet  in  length.  It  has  a  fine  marble 
pavement,  elegant  oak  stalls  and  wainscotting,  and 
a  rich  and  tastefully  ornamented  ceiling. 

At  the  western  end  is  a  gallery  containing  a 
handsome  organ,  which  however  has  long  been 
disused. 

The  altar  is  embellished  with  fluted  gilt  corin- 
thian  columns,  supporting  a  pediment  of  correspond- 
ing character. 

The  altar-piece  is  a  fine  painting  of  the  prodigal 
son,  by  Griacomo  Amiconi. 

The  altar-cloth  is  of  rich  crimson  velvet,  with 
gold  adornments. 

The  plate  for  the  altar  consists  of  three  large 
flagons,  two  chalices,  two  chargers,  and  two  patens, 
all  given  by  Dr.  William  Bancroft  the  third  master, (a) 
1637,  and  two  richly  decorated  candlesticks  given 
by  Robert  Trefusis,  1764. 

In  the  chapel  and  ante-chapel  are  memorials 
of: 

(a)  Uncle  of  the  archbishop. 


EMMANUEL    COLLEGE. 


385 


THE    CLOISTBH. 


Laurence  Chaderton,  D.D.  the  first  master,  1640,  set.  103. (") 
John  Whitaker,  B.D.  fellow,  6  April,   1710,  set.  49. 
H[emy]  H[ubbard,  B.D.  fellow],  1778. 
Richard  Farmer,  D.D.  master,  8  Sept.  1797. 
Robert  Towerson  Cory,  D.D.  master,  23  April,  1835. 

A  case  containing  a  human  skeleton  is  kept  in 
the  vestry  on  the  south  side  of  the  ante-chapel. (6) 

On  the  walls  of  the  cloister,  which  consists  of 
thirteen  arches,  are  tablets  commemorating : 

(a)  This  was  removed  from    the    old    chapel.      Cleveland  wrote  "  An 
Elegy  upon  Dr.  Chaderton  the  first  Master  of  Emanuel  Colledge  in  Cam- 
bridge, being  above  an  hundred  years  old  when  he  died.     Occasioned  by 
his   long  deferred  Funeral."    Dr.  Chaderton  resigned  the  mastership  in 
1622,  and  survived  Dr.  Preston  and  Dr.  Bancroft  the  second  and  third 
masters — See  Cooper's  Annals  of  Cambridge,  iii.  305. 

(b)  "  The  skeleton  in  Emmanuel  College  is  of  one  who  fell  a  victim  of 
uncontrolled  passion,  for  in  his  rage  he  stabbed  his  servant:  it  is  kept 
retired  from  view — a  terrible  memorial  of  the  consequences  of  unruliness." 
Cambridge  Portfolio,  339. 

VOL.    II.  B  B 


386  EMMANUEL   COLLEGE. 

Henry  Skaiffe,  B.A.  born  at  Glatton,  Huntingdonshire, 
scholar,  30  Sept.  1711. 

Francis  Oldershaw,  M.B.  of  Loughborough,  16  April,  1740, 
aet.  24. 

James  Mead,  LL.B.  1772,  aet.  26,  (erected  by  his  brother 
Richard  Mead,  esq.) 

Michael  Smith,  D.D.  a  native  of  the  county  of  Durham, 
and  rector  of  Freckenham,  Suffolk,  6  May,  1773,  aet.  53. 

Henry  Hubbard,  B.D.  fellow  and  tutor,  registrary  of  the 
university,  and  lady  Margaret  preacher,  23  Jan.  1778,  aet.  70. 

Richard  Farmer,  D.D.  master,  6  id.  Sept.  1797,  aet.  63, 
(inscription  by  Dr.  Parr.) 

James  Du  Satoy,  student,  eldest  son  of  James  Du  Satoy, 
esq.,  1815,  set.  19. 

Edward  Valentine  Blomfield,  M.A.  fellow,  7  id.  Oct.  1816, 
set.  29. 

William  Augustus  Pemberton,  B.D.  fellow  and  tutor,  and 
registrary  of  the  university,  4  id.  Oct.  1816,  set.  44. 

William  Bennet,  sometime  fellow  and  tutor,  afterwards 
bishop  successively  of  Cork  and  Cloyne,  18  cal.  Aug.  1820, 
aet.  75,  born  in  London,  buried  at  Plumsted,  Kent. 

Robert  Towerson  Cory,  D.D.  master,  9  cal.  Maii.  1835, 
set.  76. 

There  was  also  a  tablet  in  memory  of 

Humphrey  Clayton,  student,  son  of  Humphrey  Clayton 
of  Brisingham,  Norfolk,  clerk,  1731,  set.  19. 

This  fell  down  a  few  years  since,  and  was  thereby 
broken  into  so  many  fragments  that  it  could  not 
be  replaced. 

THE  HALL,  although  not  of  uniform  architecture, 
is  a  noble  apartment  with  a  good  stuccoed  ceiling. 
The  arms  of  Maynard  and  Hobart  are  on  the  door- 
ways of  the  screens,  over  which  is  a  music  gallery. 
At  the  eastern  end  of  the  hall  on  either  side  are 
spacious  oriel  windows,  that  on  the  south  contain- 


EMMANUEL   COLLEGE.  387 

ing  on  four  shields  the  arms  of  the  founder  and  of 
his  alliances. 

At  the  east  end  are  portraits  of  the  founder;  sir 
Wolstan  Dixie ;  and  William  Romney,  esq.  ;  and 
around  the  sides  portraits  of  Dr.  Farmer,  master; 
George  Thorp,  D.D.  ;  Francis  Ash,  citizen  of  London; 
Henry  Hubbard,  B.D.  ;  Dr.  Richardson,  master ; 
Benjamin  Whichcote,  D.D.  ;  John  Sudbury,  D.D.  ; 
and  Samuel  Parr,  LL.D. 

THE  COMBINATION-ROOM  eastward  of  the  hall  and 
communicating  therewith,  is  adorned  with  portraits 
of  the  founder;  and  William  Dudley,  esq.  1681,  (by 
Lely.) 

THE  LIBRAEY  which  is  of  inconsiderable  dimen- 
sions, and  is  very  plain  both  externally  and  in- 
ternally, contains  about  twenty  thousand  volumes. 

There  are  two  hundred  and  eighty-five  MSS. 
amongst  which  we  may  mention: 

Several  oriental  MSS.  of  which  there  is  an  account  in 
the  library,  by  sir  William  Jones. 

A  MS.  of  the  Old  Testament  in  hebrew,  purchased  at 
Venice,  by  William  Bedell,  afterwards  bishop  of  Kilmore,  from 
Rabbi  Leo,  chief  Shaccam  of  the  synagogue  there,  for  its 
weight  in  silver. 

A  greek  MS.  of  Herodotus,  used  by  Dr.  Thomas  Gale,  and 
afterwards  more  carefully  examined  by  Dr.  Askew  and  Porson. 

The  epistles  of  the  New  Testament  in  greek,  given  by 
Samuel  Wright,  1598. 

MSS.  of  Joshua  Barnes,  including  unpublished  notes  on 
Homer  and  Anacreon,  some  of  the  Psalms  in  greek  anacreontics, 
and  a  greek-latin  lexicon. 

Two  english  translations  of  the  New  Testament,  made  in 
the  fourteenth  century. 

Letters  and  papers  of  martyrs  and  confessors  in  the  reign 
of  Mary. 


388  EMMANUEL   COLLEGE. 

Some  of  the  printed  books  are  rare,  especially 

Cicero's  Offices,  printed  by  Fust  and  Schoeffer  at  Mentz, 
1465.  It  belonged  to  Arthur  prince  of  Wales,  as  appears 
by  his  arms  thereon. 

Aristophanes,  printed  by  Aldus,  1498,  consecutively  in 
the  possession  of  sir  Samuel  Romilly  and  Dr.  Parr,  by  the 
latter  of  whom  it  was  presented  to  the  college. 

Over  the  door  is  a  good  bust  of  archbishop  San- 
croft,  to  whose  munificence  the  college  is  indebted 
for  a  large  number  of  valuable  and  curious  printed 
books. (a) 

THE  PICTURE  GALLERY  which  may  be  regarded 
as  a  striking  feature  of  this  college,  is  about  one 
hundred  feet  in  length,  and  situate  over  the  cloisters 
communicating  with  the  master's  lodge. 

(a)  The  archbishop,  within  a  short  period  of  his  death,  sent  to  William 
Needham,  B.C.  his  chaplain,  to  desire  him  to  remove  the  portion  of  his 
library  which  he  had  left  in  a  warehouse  at  Lambeth  to  this  college.  From 
the  books  which  he  carried  with  him  to  Fresingfield  he  appears  to  have 
made  a  reserve  for  his  heirs  of  those  which  were  suited  to  the  reading  of 
a  private  gentleman,  and  to  have  destined  the  rest  for  the  college.  His 
MS.  papers  he  also  destined  for  the  same  quarter,  with  the  exception  of 
such  as  Henry  Wharton  wished  to  retain.  It  appears,  however,  that  his 
executors  were  backward  in  fulfilling  his  intentions.  Mr.  Wharton  found 
eome  difficulty  in  obtaining  even  those  papers  which  were  necessary  for  his 
publication  of  Laud's  Diary ;  and  it  seems  certain  that  none  of  the  remain- 
ing MSS.  or  of  the  books  from  Fresingfield  ever  found  their  way  to 
Emmanuel  college.  An  interesting  letter  on  this  subject  from  William  Need- 
ham  to  his  brother  Gervase  Needham,  fellow  of  Emmanuel,  dated  Alresford, 
S.  Stephen's  day,  1693,  is  given  in  D'Oyley's  Life  of  Bancroft,  2nd  edition, 
829 — 334.  It  is  stated  that  the  archbishop's  nephews  sold  his  MS.  papers 
for  eighty  guineas  to  Bateman  the  bookseller;  of  him  they  were  purchased 
by  bishop  Tanner,  who  presented  them  to  the  Bodleian  library  at  Oxford. 

A  catalogue  of  the  Tanner  MSS.  at  Oxford,  by  the  rev.  Alfred  Hack- 
man,  M.A.  of  Christ  church,  was  published  at  Oxford,  4to.  1860.  Every 
Cambridge  man  who  consults  that  valuable  catalogue,  must  regret  that 
documents  which  so  materially  relate  to  the  history  of  this  university, 
?b.ould  be  deposited  elsewhere. 


EMMANUEL   COLLEGE.  389 

It  contains  portraits  of  the  founder  (by  Vanso- 
mer) ;  his  son  sir  Anthony  Mildmay  (by  D.  Mytens)  ; 
Dr.  Breton,  master,  1665;  Dr.  Holbech,  master, 
1675;  archbishop  Bancroft;  Charles  Fane,  earl  of 
Westmorland ;  queen  Elizabeth ;  sir  Pury  Gust, 
1670;  sir  Francis  Walsingham;  sir  Francis  Pem- 
berton ;  Henry  Hubbard,  B.D.  ;  Francis  Ash,  citizen 
of  London ;  George  Thorp,  D.D.  ;  sir  Edmund  Bacon, 
premier  bart.  1788 ;  John  Fane,  earl  of  Westmor- 
land, lord  lieutenant  of  Ireland;  sir  William  Calvert; 
Dr.  Preston,  master;  Dr.  James  Gardiner,  bishop 
of  Lincoln ;  Dr.  Samuel  Ward,  master  of  Sidney 
college ;  Joshua  Barnes ;  bishop  Kidder ;  Dr.  John 
Sudbury ;  sir  William  Temple  (by  Lely) ;  John  lord 
Finch  of  Fordwich  (copy);  D,r.  Jackson,  bishop  of 
Kildare  (by  Gainsborough);  Dr.  Hurd,  bishop  of 
Worcester  (copy  after  Gainsborough) ;  lady  Mildmay ; 
Dr.  Hall,  bishop  of  Norwich ;  Dr.  Branthwaite, 
master  of  Caius  college ;  Anthony  Askew,  M.D.  ;  Dr. 
Roger  Long,  master  of  Pembroke  hall;  William 
Balderston,  M.A.  ;  Dr.  Bennet,  bishop  of  Cloyne ; 
Dr.  Cudworth,  master  of  Christ's  college;  Peter 
Allix,  D.D.  treasurer  of  Sarum  (copy  by  Freeman); 
Dr.  Whichcote,  provost  of  King's  college ;  Thomas 
Leman,  esq.  (by  Mrs.  Beale) ;  Dr.  Richardson,  master; 
Ralph  Simons,  architect;  Dr.  Farmer,  master;  John 
Teller,  esq.  1679,  and  Mrs.  Joyce  Frankland. 

There  are  also  engraved  portraits  of  John  Law, 
D.D.  ;  archbishop  Manners  Sutton ;  and  Thomas  Man- 
ners Sutton,  lord  Manners ;  and  a  great  number  of 
curious  historical  and  other  prints,  including  some 
of  the  best  productions  of  George  Vertue. 


390  EMMANUEL  COLLEGE. 

THE  MASTER'S  LODGE  was  originally  situate  im- 
mediately at  the  eastern  end  of  the  hall.  The  present 
lodge  is  still  more  to  the  eastward,  running  parallel 
with  the  chapel  on  one  side,  and  adjoining  the  library 
on  the  other.  It  contains  some  good  apartments. 

PLATE. — The  founder's  cup  which  is  richly  gilt,  is 
said  to  have  been  one  of  the  productions  of  the  far- 
famed  Benvenuto  Cellini.  It  is  very  elegant,  and 
the  ornaments  are  most  elaborate.  The  height  of 
the  cup  is  8  inches  and  of  the  cover  7J  inches. 
The  diameter  of  the  base  is  6  inches,  and  of  the 
bowl  10  inches  on  the  outside.  The  depth  of  the 
bowl  inside  is  9J  inches.  The  weight  of  the  cover 
is  34  oz.,  and  of  the  cup  63  oz.  1  dwt.,  making  a  total 
of  97  oz.,  10  dwt.  The  arms  of  the  founder  richly 
enamelled,  and  the  letters  W.  M.  joined  together 
by  a  knot,  prove  the  authenticity  of  this  precious 
relic,  which  having  been  always  kept  with  religious 
care,  is  in  excellent  preservation.  It  is  never  used 
except  at  the  anniversary  feast. 

We  may  also  enumerate  the  following  rich  and 
curious  articles:  a  gilt  hanap  and  cover,  presented 
by  Mildmay  Fane ;  a  gilt  cup,  given  by  John  Fane, 
esq. ;  a  gilt  cup,  given  by  Henry  Fane,  son  of  the 
third  earl  of  Westmorland;  tankards  presented  by 
Henry  Cromwell,  fellow-commoner,  26  May,  1675  ; 
John  Maddockes,  fellow-commoner,  1681,  George 
Sorocold,  fellow-commoner,  1684,  Walter  Horneby, 
fellow-commoner,  1684,  Thomas  Jones,  fellow- 
commoner,  and  sir  William  Temple,  bart. ;  a  rose 
water  dish  and  ewer,  given  by  hon.  Wolstan  Dixie, 
1724;  an  open-work  bread  basket,  given  by 


390  KMMAtt 

THE  IV  'nally  situate  im- 

mediately hall.    The  present 

lodge  is  K*  .  running  parallel 

witn  the  c  oining  the  library 

'I  apai; 

hly  gilt,  is 

sa-I-  iie  iar- 

nd 
of 

7J   inches, 
lameter  of  the  bane 
bowl  10   inches  on  the  out 
bowl  inside  is  9|  inches.     The  weight  of 
is  34  oz.,  and  of  the  cup  63  oz.  1  dwt.,  making  a  total 
of  97  oz.,   10  dwt.     The  arms  of  the  founder  richly 
enamelled,   and  the  letters   W.  M.  joined  toget 
by  a  knot,  prove  the  authenticity  of  this  precious 
relic,  which  having  been  always  kept  with  religious 
care,  is  in  excellent  preservation.     It  is  nev, 
except  at  the  anniversary  feast. 
We  may  also  enumerat. 


. 

fellow-cant. .  .     fellow- 

commoner,  ai* 
water  dish  an  ^tan  D 

- 

1724;     an  a  ad     basket,     givei 


THE    FOUNDERS   CUP. 

EMMANUEL  COLLEGE. 


EMMANUEL   COLLEGE.  393 

of  the  school  of  Harleston  in  Norfolk;  the  rectory 
of  Upper  Boddington  in  Northamptonshire;  the 
rectory  of  North  Luffenham  in  Rutland ;  the  rectories 
of  Aller  and  North  Cadbury,  and  the  vicarages  of 
Brompton  Regis  and  Winsford  in  Somersetshire ;  the 
rectories  of  Brantham,  East  Bergholt  and  Preston, 
the  vicarages  of  Ilketshall  S.  Andrew,  and  Fressing- 
field  cum  Withersdale,  and  the  mastership  of  the 
school  of  Bungay  in  Suffolk. 


THE   END   OP   VOL.    IT. 


cc 


CAMBRIDGE  : 
PRINTED   BY    WILLIAM    METCALFE,    GREEN    STREET. 


SOUTHERN 1SSS&KSSS&  FAC1L1TY 


»i\c  ij-7  •"-«iwmii_  i_iDnMnr  TMUILI I  T 

405  Hilgard  Avenue,  Los  Angeles,  CA  90024-1388 

Return  this  material  to  the  library 

from  which  it  was  borrowed. 


S.R  RK'j)  iDriiRL' 

Ujlt      JHlN  «  x  KjvJI 
JAN  0  9  1991 

OF-CAIIFOff 


OF  CAIIFO/?^ 


"^/HUAINflJVfr 

^UIBRARY0/ 


\\\E-UNIVERV 


•  . 

• 

• 

• 
. 


. 


• 

'. 

. 

. 

• 

• 

. 

I 


• 

- 


"* 

• 
• 


• 


